Equipment and method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasonic waves and microwaves

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment and method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasonic waves and microwaves, the equipment comprises a hollow box body with an open top, the box body is used for loading stationary liquid, the top of the box body is covered with a cover plate, and a plurality of high-frequency vibrators electrically connected to a control system are arranged in the box body; a movable screen frame for loading human tissues and organs is arranged in the box body; the method comprises the following steps: S1, putting human tissues into different movable screen frames, planning placement areas according to tissue characteristics of the human tissues, then putting the movable screen frames into a box body, and covering the top of the box body with a cover plate; s2, slowly and softly adding a pre-prepared stationary liquid into the instrument until the liquid level completely covers human tissues; and S3, setting a program according to the characteristics of different human tissues, and turning on the high-frequency vibrator to emit ultrasonic waves. The method has the advantage of shortening the time required for cell and tissue morphology fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organ tissue fixation, and in particular to a device and method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves. Background Art

[0002] Histopathological examination is the main means for forensic doctors to determine the cause of death. Forensic doctors immerse human tissue in a fixative to fix the morphology and structure of human tissues and cells so that they maintain their original form.

[0003] However, when using the traditional natural immersion method to fix important organs such as the heart, lungs, liver, brain, kidneys, and pancreas, it takes a long time to fully fix the cell and tissue morphology. Therefore, it cannot meet the requirements of quickly determining the cause of death in order to solve the case, and there are obvious shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to shorten the time required for fixing tissue morphology, the present application provides an apparatus and method for quickly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a device for rapid fixation of pathological tissues based on ultrasound and microwaves, which adopts the following technical solutions: A device for quickly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves includes a box with a hollow interior and an open top. The box is used to load fixative and is covered with a cover on the top. The box is equipped with multiple high-frequency vibrators electrically connected to a control system and a movable mesh frame for loading human tissues and organs.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the forensic doctor places the human tissue into different mobile mesh frames, then places the mobile mesh frames in the box, adds fixative to the box until the human tissue is completely covered, then closes the cover on the top of the box, and finally starts the high-frequency vibrator, which emits ultrasonic waves and microwaves, so that the morphology of the human tissue can be quickly fixed, greatly saving the time required for fixation.

[0007] Optionally, a temperature sensor electrically connected to a control system is arranged in the box, and a cooling water pipe is arranged in the box, and the cooling water pipe is connected to a circulating refrigeration system.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature inside the box. When the temperature is too high, the circulating refrigeration system introduces low-temperature cooling water into the cooling water pipe to cool the inner cavity of the box, thereby realizing intelligent monitoring and regulation of the temperature inside the box, reducing the possibility of cells and human tissues being damaged due to excessive temperature.

[0009] Optionally, the cover plate has an opening and a high-definition transparent plate is arranged at the opening, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode inserted into the fixing liquid are arranged on the high-definition transparent plate, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected to the circuit through a control system.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the circuit is energized, the flow passes through the positive electrode, tissue fluid and negative electrode in sequence, so that the microcurrent can act on human tissue and further accelerate the fixation rate of human tissue.

[0011] Optionally, an air hole communicating with the inner cavity of the box is opened on the high-definition transparent plate, the air hole is connected to an inflatable component through an air pipe, and a pressure relief valve is also arranged on the high-definition transparent plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the inflatable part cooperates with the trachea to fill air into the box, thereby forming a slightly high pressure inside the box. The slightly high pressure can also further accelerate the fixation rate of human tissue.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of hanging ears for the movable screen frame to be hung are arranged on the inner wall of the box body. When the movable screen frame is hung on the hanging ears, there is a distance between the movable screen frame and the high-frequency vibrator.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the mobile screen frame is fixed in the box by hanging. During the fixing process, the mobile screen frame never contacts the high-frequency vibrator, reducing the possibility of vibration being transmitted to the mobile screen frame and generating huge noise.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the box body is provided with two parallel installation slots, and vertical rods are hinged in the two installation slots. The vertical rods are provided with sliding slots along their length directions, and sliders are slid in the sliding slots. A plug-in block is arranged on the slider. A slot that is plugged into the plug-in block is provided on the top of the box body relative to the hinge position of the vertical rods, and a support rod for rotating to a horizontal position is hinged on the slider. When the two sets of plug-in blocks and slots are fully plugged in, the heights of the two sliders are unequal, and a hanging rod is provided on the two support rods for sliding together, and a plurality of hanging ears are arranged on the hanging rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fixation of the human tissue is completed, the cover is opened, the vertical pole is manually rotated and the plug-in block is inserted into the corresponding slot, and then the support rod is rotated to horizontal. Finally, the movable net frame is taken out of the box and hung on the hanging rod. It is left to stand for a period of time so that the residual fixative on the movable net frame and the human tissue can be drained back into the box, reducing the possibility of the fixative dripping outside the box during the transfer of the human tissue.

[0017] Optionally, a receiving groove for placing a hanging rod is formed on the top wall of the box body, and the receiving groove is located between the two installation grooves and communicated with them.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the receiving groove can accommodate the hanging rod, thereby reducing the possibility that the hanging rod will cause inconvenience to the forensic doctor when taking and placing the mobile net frame.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for rapidly fixing pathological tissues using ultrasound and microwaves, which employs the following technical solutions: A method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue equipment based on ultrasound and microwaves, comprising the following steps: S1. Place human tissue into different movable net frames and plan the placement area according to the tissue characteristics of the human tissue. Then, place the movable net frames into the box and close the cover on the top of the box. S2. Slowly and gently add the pre-mixed fixative solution into the instrument until the liquid surface completely covers the human tissue; S3. Set the program according to the characteristics of different human tissues, and turn on the high-frequency vibrator to emit ultrasonic waves.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the forensic doctor places the human tissue into different mobile mesh frames, then places the mobile mesh frames in the box, adds fixative to the box until the human tissue is completely covered, then closes the cover on the top of the box, and finally starts the high-frequency vibrator, which emits ultrasonic waves, thereby quickly fixing the shape of the human tissue and greatly saving the time required for fixation.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The forensic doctor places the human tissue into different mobile mesh frames, which are then placed inside a box. Fixative is then added to the box until the tissue is completely covered. A cover is then placed on the top of the box. Finally, a high-frequency vibrator is activated, which emits ultrasonic and microwave waves, which can quickly fix the shape of the human tissue, greatly reducing the time required for fixation. 2. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature inside the box. When the temperature is too high, the circulating refrigeration system will pass low-temperature cooling water into the cooling water pipe to cool the inner cavity of the box. This will realize intelligent monitoring and regulation of the temperature inside the box, reducing the possibility of damage to cells and human tissues caused by excessive temperature; 3. When the fixation of the human tissue is completed, open the cover, manually rotate the vertical pole and insert the plug-in block into the corresponding slot, then rotate the support rod to horizontal, and finally take the mobile screen frame out of the box and hang it on the hanging rod. Let it stand for a while so that the residual fixative on the mobile screen frame and the human tissue can be drained back into the box, reducing the possibility of the fixative dripping outside the box during the transfer of the human tissue.

[0022] 4. This application uses a deep learning algorithm of the control system to develop a large-scale tissue rapid fixation method based on ultrasound, microcurrent, microhigh voltage, and microwaves. The method is fast and efficient, can provide information guidance for quickly determining the cause of death and solving cases, and is highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the box body and the cover plate in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mobile screen frame in the draining state in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Box body; 101. Mounting slot; 102. Slot; 103. Accommodating slot; 2. Cover plate; 201. Air hole; 3. High-frequency vibrator; 4. Moving mesh frame; 6. Cooling water pipe; 7. High-definition transparent plate; 8. Positive electrode; 9. Negative electrode; 10. Pressure relief valve; 11. Hanging ear; 12. Vertical pole; 121. Slide groove; 13. Slider; 14. Plug-in block; 15. Support rod; 16. Hanging rod; 17. Sealing strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1-2 This application is described in further detail.

[0027] The embodiments of the present application disclose an apparatus and method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves.

[0028] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 The device for quickly fixing pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves includes a box 1 with a hollow interior and an open top. The box 1 is used to load a fixative, and the fixative adopts the formalin solution in the prior art.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 The open top of the box body 1 is covered with a cover plate 2, which is removably connected to the box body 1 using conventional snap fasteners or quick clamps. A sealing strip 17 is bonded to the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 for pressing against the top wall of the box body 1, improving the sealing performance between the cover plate 2 and the box body 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 A plurality of hanging ears 11 are threadedly connected on the inner wall of the box body 1, and a movable net frame 4 for loading human tissue organs is hung on the hanging ears 11.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A plurality of high-frequency vibrators 3 electrically connected to the control system are embedded in the bottom wall of the box body 1 . The plurality of high-frequency vibrators 3 are in a rectangular array and have a distance between them and the movable screen frame 4 .

[0032] The control system activates the high-frequency vibrator 3. By changing the operating frequency of the high-frequency vibrator 3, it can emit both ultrasonic waves and microwaves. Ultrasonic waves can accelerate the penetration of the fixative, while microwaves can heat and fix the tissue that has been initially penetrated by the fixative.

[0033] A certain distance is maintained between the high-frequency vibrator 3 and the movable screen frame 4 to reduce the possibility of vibration being transmitted to the movable screen frame 4 and generating a huge noise.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 A serpentine cooling water pipe 6 is arranged circumferentially in the box body 1. The cooling water pipe 6 is connected to a circulating refrigeration system. The circulating refrigeration system can directly adopt a refrigerator in the existing technology.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 A temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) electrically connected to the control system is threadedly connected to the box 1. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature inside the box 1. When the temperature inside the box 1 is too high due to microwaves, the circulating refrigeration system promptly introduces low-temperature cooling water into the cooling water pipe 6, thereby being able to regulate the temperature of the inner cavity of the box 1 and avoid damage to human tissues and organs caused by excessive temperature.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cover plate 2 has an opening and a high-definition transparent plate 7 is bonded to the opening. The forensic doctor can directly observe the state of the human tissue in the movable frame 4 through the high-definition transparent plate 7 with the naked eye.

[0037] A vertical positive electrode 8 and a negative electrode 9 are fixedly provided on the high-definition transparent plate 7. The bottom ends of the positive electrode 8 and the negative electrode 9 are used to be inserted into the fixing liquid. The positive electrode 8 and the negative electrode 9 are connected to the circuit through the control system point.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 When the circuit is energized, current flows through the positive electrode 8, the fixing liquid and the negative electrode 9 in sequence, and this current can further accelerate the penetration of the fixing liquid.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The high-definition transparent plate 7 is provided with an air hole 201 communicating with the inner cavity of the box body 1. The air hole 201 is connected to an inflatable member (not shown in the figure) through an air pipe (not shown in the figure). The inflatable member can adopt an air pump in the prior art.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 When the cover plate 2 is closed on the box body 1, the inflatable member cooperates with the air pipe to fill air into the box body 1, thereby forming a micro-high pressure in the box body 1. The micro-high pressure can also accelerate the penetration rate of the fixing liquid.

[0041] Reference Figure 1The high-definition transparent plate 7 is also connected to a pressure relief valve 10. When the fixation of the human tissue is completed, the pressure relief valve 10 is opened, and the air in the box 1 is discharged to the outside through the pressure relief valve 10, so that the inner cavity of the box 1 returns to normal pressure, so that the cover 2 can be removed from the box 1 later.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The essence of matter is composed of various particles, and its motion state usually changes due to various external forces. Therefore, this application uses ultrasound, microcurrent, and micro-high pressure to accelerate the penetration rate of the fixative, and uses microwaves to heat and fix the tissue that the fixative has initially penetrated. Therefore, the human tissues applicable to this application are mainly solid organs, loose organs, and those with or without capsules.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the box body 1 is provided with two parallel mounting grooves 101 , in which vertical rods 12 are hingedly connected. A slide groove 121 is provided on the vertical rod 12 along its length direction, and a slider 13 slides in the slide groove 121 .

[0044] An L-shaped plug-in block 14 is integrally formed on the slider 13 , and a slot 102 for plugging with the plug-in block 14 is provided at the top of the box body 1 next to the hinged position relative to the vertical rod 12 .

[0045] The top of the slider 13 is also hinged with a support rod 15 for rotating to a horizontal position. A hanging rod 16 is slidably sleeved on the two support rods 15. A plurality of hanging ears 11 are integrally formed on the hanging rod 16 along its length.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 After the tissue is fixed, the cover 2 is opened, and the forensic doctor manually rotates the vertical rod 12 and slides the slider 13 to insert the plug-in block 14 into the corresponding slot 102. Then the support rod 15 is rotated to a horizontal position, and finally the movable screen frame 4 is taken out of the box 1 and hung on the hanging rod 16.

[0047] After standing for a period of time, the fixative remaining on the movable mesh frame 4 and the human tissue is drained back into the box 1, thereby reducing the possibility of the fixative dripping outside the box 1 during the process of transferring the human tissue.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top wall of the box body 1 is provided with a receiving groove 103 for placing the hanging rod 16. The receiving groove 103 is located between the two mounting grooves 101 and communicates with them. The two mounting grooves 101 cooperate with the receiving groove 103 to form a concave shape.

[0049] The working principle of Example 1 is as follows: the forensic examiner places human tissue into different movable mesh frames 4, planning the placement areas based on the tissue's characteristics. The movable mesh frames 4 are then attached to the mounting ears 11 within the housing 1. A pre-mixed fixative solution is slowly and gently added to the housing 1 until the liquid completely covers the tissue. The cover 2 is then placed on top of the housing 1. The control system then activates the high-frequency vibrator 3 and inflatable element, and energizes the circuits containing the positive and negative electrodes 8 and 9. Finally, the operating frequency of the high-frequency vibrator 3 is changed, converting the emitted ultrasonic waves into microwaves.

[0050] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a method for rapidly fixing pathological tissue using ultrasound and microwaves, the steps of which are as follows: S1. Based on the size and characteristics of the collected human tissue, the forensic doctor places the human tissue into different mobile net frames 4 and plans the placement area according to the tissue characteristics of the human tissue. The mobile net frames 4 are then hung on the hanging ears 11 in the box 1; S2. Slowly and gently add the pre-mixed fixative solution into the box 1 until the liquid surface completely covers the human tissue, and then close the cover 2 on the top of the box 1. The minimum amount of fixative solution added is 40L; S3. Programs are set based on the characteristics of different human tissues, using different frequencies, powers, and durations. Specifically, high-frequency vibrator 3 is activated, and the ultrasonic frequency range must reach 10 MHz to 200 MHz. The inflatable element is activated, and the pressure in box 1 is a maximum of 100 kPa. Both current and voltage must be kept within a low range. The temperature must be controlled between 10°C and 50°C.

[0051] S4. Change the working frequency of the high-frequency vibrator 3 to convert the ultrasonic waves into microwaves, which heat and fix the human tissues.

[0052] It is important to note that the metal inner wall of the chamber 1 reflects microwaves, so it is important to avoid concentrated irradiation points, which can lead to localized overheating and uneven tissue treatment. The microwave treatment time should not exceed 2 hours, the microwave wavelength should be controlled between 10cm and 20cm, the microwave power should be controlled between 500-5000KW, and the microwave oscillation frequency should be 2450±50MHz.

[0053] After fixation, human tissues were sliced ​​and scored according to the slice quality standards of the "Clinical Technical Operation Specifications (Pathology Volume)".

[0054] Tissue sections were scored based on five aspects: intact structure and organization, no cell degeneration or shrinkage; moderate nuclear staining intensity; clear nuclear membrane, nucleolus, and chromatin; moderate cytoplasmic staining intensity; and clear nuclear-cytoplasmic contrast. SPSS19 software was used to perform statistical analysis of the data. The t-test was used for comparison between groups, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly fixing pathological tissues based on ultrasound or microwaves, comprising a box (1) with a hollow interior and an open top, wherein the box (1) is used to hold a fixative and the top is covered with a cover plate (2), characterized in that: A plurality of high-frequency vibrators (3) electrically connected to a control system are arranged in the box (1), and a movable net frame (4) for loading human tissue organs is arranged in the box (1).

2. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor electrically connected to a control system is arranged in the box (1), a cooling water pipe (6) is arranged in the box (1), and the cooling water pipe (6) is connected to a circulating refrigeration system.

3. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (2) is opened and a high-definition transparent plate (7) is arranged at the opening. A positive electrode (8) and a negative electrode (9) inserted into a fixing liquid are arranged on the high-definition transparent plate (7). The positive electrode (8) and the negative electrode (9) are electrically connected to a circuit through a control system.

4. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-definition transparent plate (7) is provided with an air hole (201) communicating with the inner cavity of the box body (1); the air hole (201) is connected to an inflatable member via an air pipe; and a pressure relief valve (10) is also arranged on the high-definition transparent plate (7).

5. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of hanging ears (11) for hanging the movable screen frame (4) are arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1); when the movable screen frame (4) is hung on the hanging ears (11), a distance exists between the movable screen frame (4) and the high-frequency vibrator (3).

6. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the box body (1) is provided with two mutually parallel mounting grooves (101), and vertical rods (12) are hinged in the two mounting grooves (101). The vertical rods (12) are provided with a sliding groove (121) along the length direction thereof, and a slider (13) slides in the sliding groove (121), and a plug-in block (14) is arranged on the slider (13). A slot (102) for plugging with the plug-in block (14) is provided on the top of the box body (1) relative to the hinge position of the vertical rods (12), and a support rod (15) for rotating to a horizontal position is hinged on the slider (13). When the two groups of plug-in blocks (14) and the slots (102) are fully plugged in, the heights of the two sliders (13) are unequal, and a hanging rod (16) is slidingly sleeved on the two support rods (15), and a plurality of the hanging ears (11) are arranged on the hanging rod (16).

7. The device for rapid fixation of pathological tissue based on ultrasound and microwaves according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top wall of the box body (1) is provided with a receiving groove (103) for accommodating the hanging rod (16); the receiving groove (103) is located between the two installation grooves (101) and communicates with them.

8. A method for rapidly fixing pathological tissues based on ultrasound or microwaves according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. placing human tissues into different movable net frames (4), and planning the placement areas according to the tissue characteristics of the human tissues, then placing the movable net frames (4) into the box (1), and then closing the cover plate (2) on the top of the box (1); S2. Slowly and gently add the pre-mixed fixative solution into the instrument until the liquid surface completely covers the human tissue; S3. Set the program according to the characteristics of different human tissues and turn on the high-frequency vibrator (3) to emit ultrasonic waves.

Images