Temperature response type protective helmet based on multistable bionic scale structure

Abstract

The invention provides a temperature response type protective helmet based on a multistable bionic scale structure, which comprises a helmet main body, the helmet main body is provided with a temperature response bionic scale device, and the helmet main body is also provided with a strip-shaped opening and a chute matched with the strip-shaped opening; the sliding groove is formed in the strip-shaped opening, and the temperature response bionic scale device is connected with the helmet body through the sliding groove; one end of the temperature response bionic scale device is fixed to one end of the sliding groove, and the other end of the temperature response bionic scale device can freely slide along the sliding groove. The temperature response bionic scale device is formed by compounding a two-way deformation memory metal strip and a matrix bionic scale; the matrix bionic scales are sequentially arranged in an overlapping manner and are connected together through the connecting assembly; and the two-way deformation memory metal strip is inserted into the connecting component of the matrix bionic scale in a penetrating manner. According to the helmet, the balance problem between safety protection and thermal comfort of a traditional helmet is solved, and riding comfort and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of helmet design, and in particular to a temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, cycling safety is a growing concern. As a core piece of equipment for protecting riders' heads, helmets face an urgent challenge in addressing the conflict between thermal comfort and protective performance. Traditional helmets suffer from poor ventilation in high-temperature environments and insufficient wind protection in low-temperature environments, leading to a decrease in user willingness to wear them.

[0003] Traditional electric bike helmets use fixed vents, which don't automatically adjust airflow based on ambient temperature. This results in hot summers and poor warmth in winter. While adjustable ventilation mechanisms exist, such as the manual slider mechanism disclosed in patent publication number CN112890348A, these require active user operation, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] Currently, research both domestically and internationally focuses on optimizing materials and fixing structural design. For example, these approaches employ materials like EPS foam and carbon fiber to enhance impact resistance, or improve heat dissipation by adding ventilation holes. However, these approaches struggle to balance dynamic adaptability with overall performance optimization. Combining materials with biomimetic principles offers a new approach to addressing this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure, so as to achieve a temperature-responsive safety helmet with a dynamic balance between ventilation and protective performance through a bionic scale structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows: A temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure includes a helmet body, the helmet body is provided with a temperature-responsive bionic scale device, the helmet body is also provided with a strip opening and a slide groove that matches the strip opening; the slide groove is installed at the strip opening, and the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is connected to the helmet body through the slide groove; one end of the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is fixed to one end of the slide groove, and the other end can slide freely along the slide groove; the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is composed of a two-way shape memory metal (TWSMA) strip and a base bionic scale; the base bionic scales are arranged in sequence and overlapped and connected together by a connecting component; the two-way shape memory metal strips are inserted into the connecting component of the base bionic scales; when the temperature changes, the two-way shape memory metal strips deform and drive the base bionic scales to slide in the slide groove, thereby realizing the dynamic change of the expansion and closing of the base bionic scales.

[0007] Furthermore, the strip-shaped openings are symmetrically distributed on the forehead and top areas of the helmet body.

[0008] Furthermore, the base bionic scale is a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) bionic scale; and the connecting component is a hinge or a rope.

[0009] Furthermore, a rectangular opening is provided in the middle area of ​​the base bionic scale, and the connecting component connects the base bionic scales in sequence through the rectangular opening; the two-way deformation memory metal strip is in the shape of a rectangular strip and is inserted into the rectangular opening of the base bionic scale.

[0010] Furthermore, a rib is provided on the top of the strip-shaped opening, and the cross section of the rib is elliptical.

[0011] Furthermore, the slotting track of the slide groove is consistent with the curvature of the outer contour of the helmet, and the cross-section of the slide groove is rectangular.

[0012] Furthermore, the matrix bionic scales are formed by 3D printing and combined with the TWSMA strips as a flexible material, and the components present a material-structure-function integrated design.

[0013] Furthermore, a foaming buffer layer is provided inside the helmet body, an air flow channel is provided on the portion of the foaming buffer layer connected to the strip opening, air outlets are provided on both sides of the helmet body and at the back of the head, and the air flow channel is connected to the air outlets.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This application proposes a temperature-responsive bionic scale device composed of two-way shape memory metal (TWSMA) strips and matrix bionic scales. The bionic scales are driven to open and close by temperature changes, thereby optimizing the ventilation, heat dissipation and impact resistance of the helmet.

[0015] 2. An air flow channel is provided inside the strip-shaped opening of the present application, which, combined with the air outlets on both sides of the helmet and the back of the head, forms an "air intake-flow diversion-exhaust" airflow channel, significantly improving ventilation efficiency.

[0016] 3. The temperature-responsive bionic scale device of the present application can reduce the risk of head injury by dispersing impact force and absorbing energy.

[0017] 4. This application solves the balance problem between safety protection and thermal comfort of traditional helmets, improves riding comfort and safety, and has broad application prospects.

[0018] 5. The bionic scales of the substrate of the present application are formed by 3D printing technology and combined with the TWSMA strips as a flexible material. The components are designed in an integrated material-structure-function manner. Through the complementarity of material properties, the deformation angle of the scales can be precisely controlled.

[0019] 6. This application presents a temperature-responsive bionic scale device composed of a two-way shape memory metal (TWSMA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite, which exhibits different stable states. At high temperatures, the TWSMA strips undergo a phase transition, driving the underlying bionic scales to expand. The scale structure then maintains a stable expanded state, achieving excellent ventilation and heat dissipation. At low temperatures, the TWSMA strips reverse their deformation, driving the underlying bionic scales to close, creating a stable closed state that provides windproofing and warmth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the helmet in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the helmet in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature-responsive bionic scale device of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the morphological changes of TWSMA strips under different temperature environments; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the morphological changes of the temperature-responsive bionic scale device of this application when it is working; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the foaming buffer layer and air flow channel structure inside the helmet body of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure comprises a helmet body 1, on which a temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 is provided. The helmet body 1 is further provided with a strip opening and a slide groove that matches the strip opening; the slide groove is installed at the strip opening, and the temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 is connected to the helmet body 1 via the slide groove; one end of the temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 is fixed to one end of the slide groove, and the other end can slide freely along the slide groove; as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 is composed of a two-way shape memory metal (TWSMA) strip 21 and a base bionic scale 22; the base bionic scales 22 are arranged in an overlapping order and connected together by a connecting component; the two-way shape memory metal strip 21 is inserted into the base bionic scale 22 connecting component; when the temperature changes, the two-way shape memory metal strip 21 deforms and drives the base bionic scale 22 to slide in the slide groove, realizing the dynamic change of the expansion and closing of the base bionic scale 22 (such as Figure 5 shown).

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the TWSMA strip 21 will undergo morphological changes (mainly including unfolding, semi-curling and curling) under different temperature environments. As the temperature rises, the TWSMA strip 21 gradually changes from curled to unfolded. Figure 5 As shown, the temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 is mainly driven by the thermal deformation characteristics of the TWSMA strip 21. The base bionic scale 22 changes with the deformation of the TWSMA strip 21, thereby producing the effect of different opening and closing angles of the scales, thereby controlling the air intake volume and achieving the effect of controlling the internal temperature of the helmet.

[0025] In addition to regulating the internal temperature of the helmet, the temperature-responsive bionic scale device of the present application can also disperse the impact force and absorb the impact energy when subjected to external impact, thereby reducing the risk of head injury.

[0026] In response to the contradiction between thermal comfort and protective performance of traditional helmets, this application achieves dynamic adjustment through a bionic scale structure, drives the opening and closing of bionic scales through temperature changes, optimizes ventilation and heat dissipation and impact resistance, and improves user safety protection and thermal comfort.

[0027] Furthermore, the strip-shaped openings are symmetrically distributed on the forehead and top areas of the helmet body 1 .

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, four strip openings are symmetrically distributed on the forehead and top areas of the helmet body 1, and four sets of temperature-responsive bionic scale devices 2 are correspondingly and symmetrically installed on the forehead and top areas of the helmet body 1. The thermally driven characteristics of the TWSMA strip 21 are utilized to enable the base bionic scale 22 to be expanded or closed.

[0029] Furthermore, the base bionic scale 22 is a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) bionic scale; the connecting component is a hinge or a rope. The base bionic scale 22 is printed by a 3D process and combined with the TWSMA strip 21 as a flexible material. The component has a material-structure-function integrated design, and the precise control of the scale deformation angle is achieved through the complementarity of material properties.

[0030] The connecting components include but are not limited to hinges or ropes, and all components that can effectively connect the base bionic scales 22 are included in the protection scope of this application.

[0031] The multistability of this protective helmet is reflected in the different stable states of its temperature-responsive bionic scale structure 2, composed of a two-way shape memory metal (TWSMA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite. At high temperatures, the TWSMA strips 21 undergo a phase change, driving the base bionic scales 22 to expand. The scale structure then maintains a stable expanded state, providing excellent ventilation and heat dissipation. At low temperatures, the TWSMA strips 21 reverse their deformation, driving the base bionic scales 22 to close, creating a stable closed state that provides windproofing and warmth.

[0032] Furthermore, a rectangular opening is provided in the middle area of ​​the base bionic scale 22, and the connecting component connects the base bionic scales 22 in sequence through the rectangular opening; the two-way deformation memory metal strip 21 is in the shape of a rectangular strip and is inserted into the rectangular opening of the base bionic scale 22.

[0033] Further, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 6 As shown, a foaming buffer layer is provided inside the helmet body 1, and an air flow channel is provided on the portion of the foaming buffer layer connected to the strip opening. Air outlets are provided on both sides and the back of the head of the helmet body 1, and the air flow channels are connected to the air outlets.

[0034] An air flow channel is provided inside the strip-shaped opening, which, combined with the air outlets on both sides of the helmet body 1 and the back of the head, forms an "air intake-diversion-exhaust" air flow channel, which significantly improves the ventilation efficiency.

[0035] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, a rib is provided on the top of the strip-shaped opening, and the cross section of the rib is elliptical.

[0036] The present application provides ribs at the top of the strip-shaped opening. On the one hand, the temperature-responsive bionic scale device 2 will be restricted by the ribs when it slides to a certain position in the slide groove. For example, when the TWSMA strip 21 curls to a certain extent, it will be restricted by the ribs and cannot continue to curl, thereby preventing the TWSMA strip 21 from curling excessively. On the other hand, when subjected to external impact and damage, the ribs can absorb part of the impact energy and play a protective role.

[0037] Furthermore, the slotting track of the slide groove is consistent with the curvature of the outer contour of the helmet, and the cross-section of the slide groove is rectangular.

[0038] This setting can make the overall appearance of the helmet more neat and beautiful, and also improve the comfort of the user wearing the helmet.

[0039] The present application provides a temperature-responsive electric vehicle helmet based on a bionic scale structure, which improves the rider's comfort and safety by dynamically adjusting the ventilation and protection performance under different temperature environments.

[0040] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a helmet body, on which a temperature-responsive bionic scale device is provided, and the helmet body is also provided with a strip opening and a slide groove that matches the strip opening; the slide groove is installed at the strip opening, and the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is connected to the helmet body through the slide groove; one end of the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is fixed to one end of the slide groove, and the other end can slide freely along the slide groove; the temperature-responsive bionic scale device is composed of a two-way deformation memory metal strip and a base bionic scale; the base bionic scales are arranged in overlapping order and connected together through a connecting component; the two-way deformation memory metal strips are inserted into the connecting component of the base bionic scales; when the temperature changes, the two-way deformation memory metal strips are deformed, and drive the base bionic scales to slide in the slide groove, thereby realizing the dynamic change of the expansion and closing of the base bionic scales.

2. A temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip-shaped openings are symmetrically distributed on the forehead and top areas of the helmet body.

3. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multistable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base bionic scale is a thermoplastic polyurethane bionic scale; the connecting component is a hinge or a rope.

4. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multistable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rectangular opening is provided in the middle area of ​​the base bionic scale, and the connecting component connects the base bionic scales in sequence through the rectangular opening; the two-way deformation memory metal strip is in the shape of a rectangular strip and is inserted into the rectangular opening of the base bionic scale.

5. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A foaming buffer layer is provided inside the helmet body, an air flow channel is provided on the portion of the foaming buffer layer connected to the strip-shaped opening, air outlets are provided on both sides and the back of the head of the helmet body, and the air flow channel is connected to the air outlets.

6. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rib is provided on the top of the strip-shaped opening, and the cross section of the rib is elliptical.

7. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slotting track of the slide groove is consistent with the curvature of the outer contour of the helmet, and the cross section of the slide groove is rectangular.

8. The temperature-responsive protective helmet based on a multi-stable bionic scale structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base bionic scales are formed by 3D printing technology and are combined with the two-way deformation memory metal strips as a flexible material. The components have a material-structure-function integrated design.

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