Device and method for simulating flow behavior of flow field of copper crystallizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for simulating a flow behavior of a flow field of a copper crystallizer. The device comprises a first water tank, a concentric-square-shaped plate, a second water tank and a third water tank which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper end of the second water tank is open, a red copper plate is arranged in an inner cavity of the concentric-square-shaped plate, the lower end of the red copper plate extends to an inner cavity of the second water tank, and a cooling cavity is formed between the red copper plate and the inner side wall of the concentric-square-shaped plate. A cooling water inflow pipeline and a cooling water outflow pipeline which are communicated with the cooling cavity are respectively arranged on the concentric-square-shaped plate up and down; the device further comprises an automatic current stabilization unit. According to the device, cooling crystallization is carried out on a circularly flowing ammonium chloride solution by utilizing circularly flowing cooling water so as to simulate the flowing behavior of a flow field of a copper crystallizer; after the liquid level in the concentric-square-shaped plate is kept within a certain height range, the liquid discharging amount of the second water tank in unit time is kept consistent with the liquid outlet amount of the liquid outlet pipe in unit time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of copper crystallizers, and in particular to a device and method for simulating flow field behavior of a copper crystallizer. Background Art

[0002] In continuous casting technology, the mold is a key component of metal solidification and forming. The flow behavior within it has a decisive impact on the quality and production efficiency of the ingot. This is particularly true for the casting of metals such as copper, where the flow field is particularly critical due to copper's high thermal conductivity and excellent fluidity. However, under existing technical conditions, the flow field behavior within the mold is often difficult to directly observe and accurately understand, posing a significant challenge to the optimization and quality control of the continuous casting process.

[0003] First, the mold in the continuous casting process is a closed container. The hot molten steel inside is forced to cool by a water-cooled copper wall, gradually solidifying into a strand with a specific cross-sectional shape and shell thickness. During this process, the flow state of the molten steel in the mold directly determines key steps such as the solidification process of the strand, the floating of inclusions, and the formation and growth of the primary shell. However, the closed nature of the mold and the high temperature and high pressure environment make direct observation of the flow field behavior within it extremely difficult.

[0004] The flow behavior within the mold influences indirect ingot quality in multiple ways. On the one hand, a reasonable flow distribution helps to float inclusions in the steel and prevent slag entrainment, thereby reducing inclusions within the ingot. On the other hand, stable flow promotes uniform growth of the primary shell and distribution of alloying elements in the molten steel, thereby improving the internal quality and microstructure of the ingot. However, due to the inability to directly observe and accurately understand the flow behavior within the mold, these influencing factors are often difficult to effectively control and optimize.

[0005] The Chinese patent document of our company's original application document publication number CN118492288A has some defects in its device. For example, since it is not equipped with an automatic flow stabilization unit, the amount of liquid injected per unit time in the third liquid storage tank (which is a variable and needs to be changed according to actual needs) and the amount of liquid discharged per unit time in the third liquid storage tank cannot be consistent, which leads to an unstable liquid level in the third liquid storage tank (the liquid level continues to rise or the amount of liquid discharged per unit time is greater than the amount of liquid injected per unit time, and the liquid cannot enter the third liquid storage tank), which is not conducive to personnel observation. Therefore, this application provides a device and method for simulating the flow behavior of the copper crystallizer flow field to meet the needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a device and method for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, so as to solve the technical problems raised in the above background.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a device for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, comprising a first water tank, a circular plate, a second water tank, and a third water tank arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The upper end of the second water tank is open and communicates with the inner cavity of the circular plate. The inner cavity of the circular plate is provided with a copper plate. The lower end of the copper plate extends into the inner cavity of the second water tank. A cooling cavity is formed between the copper plate and the inner side wall of the circular plate. A cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe communicating with the cooling cavity are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the circular plate. A drain pipe with a valve is provided at the bottom of the second water tank; A circulation pump is installed on the outer wall of the third water tank, the liquid inlet end of the circulation pump extends into the inner cavity of the third water tank, the liquid outlet end of the circulation pump is connected to a connecting pipe, and the liquid discharge port of the connecting pipe is located directly above the first water tank; The upper end of the first water tank is open, and a booster pump and a flow meter are provided on the liquid outlet pipe at the lower end of the first water tank. A downpipe is installed at the lower end of the first liquid outlet pipe, and the inner cavity of the downpipe is provided with two groups of liquid outlet holes arranged obliquely downward. The circular plate and the second water tank are made of transparent tempered glass; It also includes an automatic flow stabilizing unit. No matter how the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe per unit time is changed, the automatic flow stabilizing unit can maintain the liquid level in the circular plate within a certain height range and keep the liquid discharge volume of the second water tank per unit time consistent with the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe per unit time.

[0008] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, the automatic flow stabilizing unit includes a floating plate movably arranged in the inner cavity of the circular plate through a limiting rod, a square tube connected to the second water tank and arranged at the bottom of the second water tank, and an adjustment plate arranged below the square tube; The inner cavity of the square tube is provided with a square cavity, and a circular sealing sleeve is adapted to be installed at the lower end of the square tube and located at the periphery of the liquid outlet, and the lower end of the circular sealing sleeve is in sliding contact with the upper end of the adjustment plate; Mounting plates are slidably provided at both ends of the adjustment plate, and the mounting plates are fixedly provided on the square tube. A rectangular through cavity is provided on the adjustment plate, and two groups of plate bodies with right-angled trapezoidal structures are installed in the rectangular through cavity, and an isosceles triangle-shaped drainage gap is formed between the two groups of plate bodies and the adjustment plate. The straight-line distance between the outer walls of the two plate bodies is greater than the size of the square tube, and the upper end of the plate body is flush with the upper end surface of the adjustment plate; A first screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting plate, and the first screw is rotatably connected to the lower end of the second water tank through a connecting plate, and a first gear is installed at the end of the first screw; A movable rod is fixed on the floating plate, and a first gear plate meshing with the first gear is installed at the lower end of the movable rod.

[0009] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, an auxiliary adjustment unit is further provided to assist in accelerating the stabilization of the floating plate in the circular plate and shorten the adjustment time.

[0010] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, the auxiliary adjustment unit includes a second screw rotatably arranged with the outer wall of the adjustment plate, two plates slidably arranged in the rectangular cavity, and an inclined plate arranged obliquely downward; The lower ends of the two groups of plate bodies are fixed with nuts through connecting plates, and the two groups of nuts are respectively threadedly sleeved on the forward thread segment and the reverse thread segment of the second screw; A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the adjusting plate, and the rotating shaft is meshed with the adjacent ends of the second screw rod via two sets of bevel gears, and a second gear is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft; A second tooth plate is slidably provided on the inclined plate, and the upper second tooth plate is arranged parallel to the inclined plate, the second tooth plate is tooth-engaged with the second gear, the inclined plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water tank through a connecting rod, and a U-shaped rod is fixed to the raised end of the second tooth plate; The liquid outlet pipe and the down pipe are respectively fixedly provided with a first mounting ring and a second mounting ring, the second mounting ring is fixed with a column, and the upper end of the column slides through the first mounting ring, the first mounting ring and the second mounting ring are connected by a linear spring, the upper end of the column is connected to one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is connected to the U-shaped rod, and the first mounting ring, the first water tank and the second water tank are provided with a guide wheel group adapted to the pull rope; The lower end of the liquid outlet pipe is slidingly sealed in the inner cavity of the lower liquid pipe through an elastic ring.

[0011] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, a resistance adjustment unit is further provided for controlling the resistance encountered by the downpipe when it moves downward.

[0012] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, the resistance adjustment unit includes a shell fixedly set on the outer wall of the first mounting ring and having a rectangular groove, a rectangular block is slidably set in the inner cavity of the shell, and an elastic buffer pad is fixed to the outer end of the rectangular block, a rotating screw is rotatably set on the shell, and the threaded portion of the rotating screw is located in the threaded cavity of the rectangular block and is threadedly connected to the rectangular block.

[0013] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, balls are provided at the sliding connection between the plate body and the adjustment plate, and at the sliding connection between the inclined plate and the second tooth plate.

[0014] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, a hollow ball is movably provided in the inner cavity of the liquid outlet, and an elastic pad is installed between the outer wall of the hollow ball and the inner wall of the liquid outlet, the liquid inlet of the hollow tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet of the hollow tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow guide tube, and the hollow flow tube is installed on the hollow ball.

[0015] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, the second water tank and the circular plate both include an L-shaped plate fixing plate, a first movable side plate, a second movable side plate and a third movable side plate, the second water tank also includes a bottom plate, the lower end of the L-shaped fixing plate located below is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, one end of the third movable side plate is slidably arranged on the first movable side plate by a slider, the slider is wrapped by an elastic sleeve, and the other end of the third movable side plate is sealed and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second movable side plate by an elastic pad, the side end and the lower end of the first movable side plate are respectively sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate and the bottom plate by elastic pads, the lower end and the side end of the second movable plate are sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate and the bottom plate by elastic pads, and the lower end of the third movable side plate is sealed and slidably connected to the bottom plate by an elastic pad; The first movable side plate and the second movable side plate located above are both rotatably provided with adjusting screws, and the two sets of adjusting screws are both installed on the corresponding supporting plates and threadedly connected to the supporting plates, and the supporting plates are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped fixed plate.

[0016] A method for using a device for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, as used in claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1: First, control the cooling water to fill the cooling chamber and form a cooling water circulation, then control the circulation pump and the booster pump to pump the ammonium chloride solution in the third water tank into the first water tank, and then into the second water tank through the return plate, and finally into the third water tank to form a circulation; S2: The automatic flow stabilization unit ensures that the solution initially entering the second water tank is not discharged and, after reaching a certain height of the circular plate, the solution in the second water tank is discharged into the third water tank. At the same time, the liquid discharge volume per unit time of the second water tank is kept consistent with the liquid discharge volume per unit time of the liquid outlet pipe, so as to maintain a stable liquid level. The power of the booster pump can be adjusted as needed to achieve regulation of the injection flow rate. S3: Cooling the copper plate with cooling water causes the ammonium chloride solution to cool and crystallize to simulate the flow behavior of the copper crystallizer. The flow can be directly observed through a circular plate made of transparent material. S4: After the observation is completed, the circulating pump and the booster pump are controlled to stop working, and the circulation of the cooling water is stopped. The ammonium chloride solution containing crystals can be directly discharged into the third water tank for storage. In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are: 1. The present invention has a reasonable structure. The device uses circulating cooling water to cool and crystallize the circulating ammonium chloride solution to simulate the flow field behavior of the copper crystallizer. It is also provided with an automatic flow stabilizing unit. No matter how the liquid discharge volume of the liquid discharge pipe per unit time is changed, the automatic flow stabilizing unit can maintain the liquid level in the circular plate within a certain height range and keep the liquid discharge volume of the second water tank per unit time consistent with the liquid discharge volume of the liquid discharge pipe per unit time, so as to observe the effect of the ammonium chloride injection volume per unit time on the crystallization of the ammonium chloride solution; 2. In the present invention, an auxiliary adjustment unit is further provided to assist in accelerating the stability of the floating plate within the circular plate and shorten the adjustment time; 3. In the present invention, a resistance adjustment unit is further provided for controlling the resistance encountered by the downpipe when it moves downward, thereby adjusting the movement distance of the second tooth plate and ultimately adjusting the increase in the area of ​​the drainage gap. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local cross-section structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium square tube adjustment plate; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the auxiliary regulation unit structure; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium resistance adjustment unit; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle and lower liquid pipes; Figure 8 for Figure 1 Side view structural diagram; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the adjustable second water tank and the circular plate Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the third movable side panel.

[0019] Figure: 1, first water tank; 2, circular plate; 3, second water tank; 301, bottom plate; 302, L-shaped fixed plate; 303, first movable side plate; 304, second movable side plate; 305, third movable side plate; 306, bearing plate; 307, adjusting screw; 4, third water tank; 5, circulation pump; 6, connecting pipe; 7, liquid outlet pipe; 71, lower liquid pipe; 72, liquid outlet hole; 73, hollow ball; 74, hollow guide pipe; 8, booster pump; 9, flow meter; 10, drain pipe; 11, cooling chamber; 12, cooling water inflow pipe; 13, cooling water outflow pipe; 14, purple Copper plate; 15. Floating plate; 16. Limit rod; 17. Movable rod; 18. Square tube; 19. Adjustment plate; 20. Plate body; 21. Mounting plate; 22. First screw; 23. First gear; 24. First tooth plate; 25. Second screw; 26. Nut; 27. Bevel gear; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Second gear; 30. Inclined plate; 31. Second tooth plate; 32. U-shaped rod; 33. Pull rope; 34. First mounting ring; 35. Column; 36. Linear spring; 37. Second mounting ring; 38. Housing; 39. Rectangular block; 40. Elastic buffer pad; 41. Rotating screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Reference Figure 1-2 The device shown is a device for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, comprising a first water tank 1, a circular plate 2, a second water tank 3 and a third water tank 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The upper end of the second water tank 3 is open and communicates with the inner cavity of the circular plate 2. A copper plate 14 is provided in the inner cavity of the circular plate 2. The lower end of the copper plate 14 extends into the inner cavity of the second water tank 3. A cooling cavity 11 is formed between the copper plate 14 and the inner side wall of the circular plate 2. A cooling water inlet pipe 12 and a cooling water outlet pipe 13 communicating with the cooling cavity 11 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the circular plate 2; A drain pipe 10 with a valve is provided at the bottom of the second water tank 3; A circulation pump 5 is installed on the outer wall of the third water tank 4. The liquid inlet end of the circulation pump 5 extends into the inner cavity of the third water tank 4. The liquid outlet end of the circulation pump 5 is connected to a connecting pipe 6, and the discharge port of the connecting pipe 6 is located directly above the first water tank 1. The upper end of the first water tank 1 is open, and a booster pump 8 and a flow meter 9 are provided on the liquid outlet pipe 7 at the lower end of the first water tank 1. A downpipe 71 is installed at the lower end of the first liquid outlet pipe 7, and the inner cavity of the downpipe 71 is provided with two groups of liquid outlet holes 72 arranged obliquely downward. The circular plate 2 and the second water tank 3 are made of transparent tempered glass; It also includes an automatic flow stabilizing unit. No matter how the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe 7 per unit time is changed, the automatic flow stabilizing unit can maintain the liquid level in the circular plate 2 within a certain height range and keep the liquid discharge volume of the second water tank 3 per unit time consistent with the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe 7 per unit time.

[0022] During use, the ammonium chloride solution in the third water tank 4 can be pumped into the first water tank 1 by the circulation pump 5, and the solution in the first water tank 1 can be pumped into the second water tank 3 by the booster pump 8 (the valve on the discharge pipe 10 is in the closed state at this time). Since the inner cavity of the circular plate 2 and the second water tank 3 are connected, the liquid level in the circular plate 2 will rise. After the liquid level rises to a certain height, the second water tank 3 will automatically drain downward through the automatic flow stabilization unit, and the drainage volume of the second water tank 3 per unit time is kept consistent with the liquid discharge volume of the liquid discharge pipe 7 per unit time, thereby maintaining the stability of the liquid level height in the circular plate 2, so that the observer always has a sufficiently large observation surface to observe the crystallization behavior of ammonium chloride when the temperature drops; The cooling water inlet pipe 12 and the cold zone water outlet pipe are connected to the liquid outlet and liquid inlet of the industrial chiller respectively. The cooling water enters the cooling chamber 11 from the cooling water inlet pipe, causing the cooling water level in the cooling chamber 11 to continuously rise. Finally, it flows out from the cooling water outlet pipe 13 to the industrial chiller to form a cycle. Through the heat conduction effect of the copper plate 14, the ammonium chloride solution in the circular plate 2 is cooled and crystallized, thereby realizing the simulation observation of the flow behavior of the copper crystallizer flow field; The power of the booster pump 8 is adjustable, and it can inject different amounts of ammonium chloride solution into the circular plate 2 per unit time as needed, so as to observe the effect of the amount of ammonium chloride injected per unit time on the crystallization of the ammonium chloride solution; After the observation is completed, the circulation pump 5 and the booster pump 8 are stopped, and the valve on the drain pipe 10 is opened to allow the ammonium chloride solution containing crystals in the circular plate 2 to enter the third water tank 4 for storage.

[0023] It should be noted that: 1. An agitator and an electric heater can be set in the third water tank 4 to heat the ammonium chloride solution containing the crystals and stir it continuously, so that the crystals are dissolved in the ammonium chloride solution again, in preparation for subsequent simulation experiments; 2. The circulating pump 5, the booster pump 8, the flow meter 9 and the industrial chiller are all electrically connected to the controller; 3. The discharge volume of the circulating pump 5 per unit time is always greater than the discharge volume of the booster pump 8 per unit time. During the entire observation process, the ammonium chloride solution forms a circulating flow.

[0024] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 1-4 As shown, the automatic flow stabilizing unit includes a floating plate 15 movably arranged in the inner cavity of the circular plate 2 through a limiting rod 16, a square tube 18 connected to the second water tank 3 and arranged at the bottom of the second water tank 3, and an adjusting plate 19 arranged below the square tube 18; The inner cavity of the square tube 18 is provided with a square cavity, and a circular sealing sleeve is adapted to be installed at the lower end of the square tube 18 and located at the periphery of the liquid outlet, and the lower end of the circular sealing sleeve is in sliding contact with the upper end of the adjustment plate 19; Mounting plates 21 are slidably provided at both ends of the adjustment plate 19, and the mounting plates 21 are fixedly provided on the square tube 18. A rectangular through cavity is provided on the adjustment plate 19, and two groups of right-angled trapezoidal plate bodies 20 are installed in the rectangular through cavity, and an isosceles triangle-shaped drainage gap is formed between the two groups of plate bodies 20 and the adjustment plate 19. The straight-line distance between the outer walls of the two plate bodies 20 is greater than the size of the square tube 18, and the upper end of the plate body 20 is flush with the upper end surface of the adjustment plate 19; The adjusting plate 19 is threadedly connected to a first screw rod 22, and the first screw rod 22 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the second water tank 3 through a connecting plate. A first gear 23 is installed at the end of the first screw rod 22; A movable rod 17 is fixed on the floating plate 15 , and a first gear plate 24 meshing with the first gear 23 is installed at the lower end of the movable rod 17 .

[0025] As the liquid level in the circular plate 2 continues to rise, the float plate 15 will be affected by the buoyancy and rise. As the float plate 15 rises, it will drive the movable rod 17 to move upward. At this time, the upwardly moving first toothed plate 24 will drive the first gear 23 to rotate, so that the first screw 22 rotates, and then the adjusting plate 19 moves laterally close to the movable rod 17, so that the liquid outlet of the square tube 18 and the drainage gap of the isosceles triangle structure of the adjusting plate 19 slowly coincide with each other. As the adjusting plate 19 slowly moves, the overlap between the liquid outlet of the square tube 18 and the drainage gap becomes larger and larger, that is, the liquid discharge volume of the second water tank 3 per unit time gradually increases. When it finally coincides with the liquid discharge volume of the lower liquid pipe 71 per unit time, the float plate 15 stops moving, and the liquid level in the circular plate 2 remains stable. After the experiment is over and the ammonium chloride solution containing crystals in the circular plate 2 is discharged into the third water tank 4, the floating plate 15, the movable rod 17 and the regulating plate 19 are restored to their original positions, and the liquid outlet of the square tube 18 is blocked by the regulating plate 19; It should be noted that: 1. When liquid is initially injected into the second water tank 3, the drain pipe 10 is closed and the liquid outlet of the square tube 18 is sealed by the adjustment plate 19; 2. The liquid outlet of the square tube 18 is set to a square structure, and the liquid discharge gap is set to an isosceles triangle structure, so that the area where the liquid outlet and the liquid discharge gap gradually overlap increases linearly and steadily.

[0026] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, an auxiliary adjustment unit is further provided to assist in accelerating the stabilization of the floating plate 15 in the circular plate 2 and shorten the adjustment time.

[0027] Since the power of the booster pump 5 is adjustable, that is, the amount of liquid injected into the circular plate 2 per unit time is adjustable, as the injection amount per unit time increases, the overlapping area between the liquid outlet of the square tube 18 and the drainage gap of the isosceles triangle structure becomes larger, and the plate 15 eventually rises and the height of the circular float also becomes higher. Therefore, an auxiliary adjustment unit is provided, which will adjust the initial area of ​​the drainage gap according to the injection amount in the circular plate 2 per unit time, thereby increasing the drainage amount of the second water tank 2 per unit time, thereby accelerating the stabilization of the float plate 15 in the circular plate 2 and shortening the adjustment time.

[0028] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 4-5 As shown, the auxiliary adjustment unit includes a second screw 25 rotatably arranged with the outer wall of the adjustment plate 19, two plates 20 slidably arranged in the rectangular cavity, and an inclined plate 30 arranged obliquely downward; The lower ends of the two sets of plate bodies 20 are fixed with nuts 26 through connecting plates, and the two sets of nuts 26 are respectively threadedly sleeved on the forward thread segment and the reverse thread segment of the second screw rod 25; A rotating shaft 28 is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the adjusting plate 19, and the rotating shaft 28 is meshed with adjacent ends of the second screw 25 via two sets of bevel gears 27. A second gear 29 is mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft 28. A second tooth plate 31 is slidably provided on the inclined plate 30 and is arranged parallel to the inclined plate 30. The second tooth plate 31 is tooth-engaged with the second gear 29. The inclined plate 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water tank 3 via a connecting rod. A U-shaped rod 32 is fixed to the tilted end of the second tooth plate 31. The liquid outlet pipe 7 and the downpipe 71 are respectively fixedly provided with a first mounting ring 34 and a second mounting ring 37. A column 35 is fixed to the second mounting ring 37, and the upper end of the column 35 slides through the first mounting ring 34. The first mounting ring 34 and the second mounting ring 37 are connected by a linear spring 36. The upper end of the column 35 is connected to one end of a pull rope 33, and the other end of the pull rope 33 is connected to the U-shaped rod 32. The first mounting ring 34, the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 3 are provided with a guide wheel group adapted to the pull rope 33. The lower end of the liquid outlet pipe 7 is slidingly sealed in the inner cavity of the lower liquid pipe 71 through an elastic ring.

[0029] When the power of the booster pump 8 is increased, that is, the amount of liquid discharged per unit time by the liquid outlet pipe 7 increases, the bottom plane of the inner cavity of the lower liquid pipe 71 (such as Figure 7 As the impact force of the pull rope 33 increases, the lower liquid pipe 71 overcomes the linear spring 36 and moves downward. The pull rope 33 drives the second toothed plate 31 to move obliquely upward on the inclined plate 30. The movement of the second toothed plate 31 drives the second gear 29 to rotate, and the meshing connection of the two bevel gears 27 drives the second screw 25 to move, so that the two sets of nuts 26 drive the two sets of plate bodies 20 to move away from each other, thereby increasing the area of ​​the drainage gap (at this time, the drainage gap is an isosceles trapezoid and continues to increase). For every increase in the amount of liquid discharged per unit time by the liquid outlet pipe 7, the area of ​​the drainage gap also increases slightly. By increasing the amount of liquid discharged per unit time by the liquid outlet pipe 7, the area of ​​the drainage gap can be adjusted, which can effectively shorten the adjustment time and accelerate the stability of the floating plate 15. After the time is up, the lower liquid pipe 71 returns to its original position, and since the second tooth plate 31 is tilted, it will move downward and return to its original position due to the component force of its own gravity, and its second screw 25 will rotate in the opposite direction to drive the plate body 20 to return to its original position.

[0030] It should be noted that the angle between the second tooth plate 31 and the horizontal plane is controlled between 25° and 35°, so that the second tooth plate 31 can be reset by its own gravity while ensuring that the second tooth plate 31 can respond in time when the discharge volume increases (that is, it has good response sensitivity).

[0031] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, a resistance adjustment unit is further provided for controlling the resistance encountered by the downpipe 71 when it moves downward.

[0032] A resistance adjustment unit is provided to control the resistance encountered by the downpipe 71 when it moves downward, thereby adjusting the movement distance of the second tooth plate 31 and ultimately adjusting the increase in the area of ​​the drainage gap.

[0033] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the resistance adjustment unit includes a shell 38 fixedly set on the outer wall of the first mounting ring 34 and having a rectangular groove, a rectangular block 39 is slidably set in the inner cavity of the shell 38, and an elastic buffer pad 40 is fixed to the outer end of the rectangular block 39, and a rotating screw 41 is rotatably set on the shell 38, and the threaded portion of the rotating screw 41 is located in the threaded cavity of the rectangular block 39 and is threadedly connected to the rectangular block 39.

[0034] The rectangular block 39 can be moved outward and form a sliding conflict with the downpipe 71 by rotating the rotating screw 41. The extrusion force between the rectangular block 39 and the downpipe 71 can be adjusted as needed, thereby generating different amounts of resistance to the downpipe 71. When the resistance to the downpipe becomes greater, the distance it moves downward becomes shorter, thereby shortening the distance the second tooth plate 31 moves upward, and the rotation angle of the second gear 29 becomes smaller, which ultimately reduces the increase in the area of ​​the trapezoidal space formed between the two plates 20. The increase in the area of ​​the trapezoidal space can be adjusted, making the adjustment more precise, further conducive to achieving rapid stabilization of the floating plate 15, and further conducive to shortening the adjustment time.

[0035] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, balls are provided at the sliding connection between the plate body 20 and the adjustment plate 19 and at the sliding connection between the inclined plate 30 and the second tooth plate 31 .

[0036] The provided balls can reduce the friction between the components.

[0037] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, a hollow ball 73 is movably provided in the inner cavity of the liquid outlet hole 72, and an elastic pad is installed between the outer wall of the hollow ball 73 and the inner wall of the liquid outlet hole 72. The liquid inlet of the hollow tube 73 is connected to the inner cavity of the liquid outlet hole 72, and the liquid outlet of the hollow tube 73 is connected to the inner cavity of the hollow guide tube 74. The hollow guide tube 74 is installed on the hollow ball 73.

[0038] Since the hollow ball 73 is movable, the hollow ball 73 can be rotated as needed to change the inclination angle of the hollow guide tube 74 to simulate the flow field flow behavior of the copper crystallizer when the hollow guide tube 74 with different inclination angles is filled.

[0039] It should be noted that a valve may be installed on the hollow flow guide tube 74 to adjust the flow of the hollow flow guide tube 74 .

[0040] As a preferred implementation manner in this embodiment, the second water tank 3 and the circular plate 2 both include an L-shaped plate fixing plate 302, a first movable side plate 303, a second movable side plate 304 and a third movable side plate 305. The second water tank 3 also includes a bottom plate 301, the lower end of the L-shaped fixing plate 302 located below is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 301, one end of the third movable side plate 305 is slidably arranged on the first movable side plate 303 through a slider, the slider is wrapped by an elastic sleeve, and the other end of the third movable side plate 305 is sealed and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second movable side plate 304 through an elastic pad. The side end and lower end of the first movable side plate 303 are respectively sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 through elastic pads, the lower end and side end of the second movable plate 304 are sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 through elastic pads, and the lower end of the third movable side plate 305 is sealed and slidably connected to the bottom plate 301 through an elastic pad. Adjustment screws 307 are rotatably provided on the first movable side plate 303 and the second movable side plate 304 above, and the two sets of adjustment screws 307 are installed on the corresponding supporting plates 306 and threadedly connected to the supporting plates 306. The supporting plates 306 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped fixed plate 302.

[0041] During actual experiments, the adjusting screw 307 can be rotated as needed to allow the two groups of first movable side plates 303 to drive the two groups of third movable side plates 305 to simultaneously move closer to the second movable side plates 304 (i.e., lateral movement), or the two groups of second movable side plates 304 can be made to drive the two groups of third movable side plates 305 to move longitudinally (change the cross-sectional area), thereby experimenting with the crystallization of the fluid under different cross-sectional conditions.

[0042] It should be noted that the upper and lower ends of two adjacent groups of second movable side panels 304 , two adjacent groups of first movable side panels 303 , two adjacent groups of third movable side panels 305 , and two adjacent groups of L-shaped fixed panels 302 are sealed and fixed.

[0043] A method for using a device for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, as used in claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1: First, control the cooling water to fill the cooling chamber 11 and form a cooling water circulation, then control the circulation pump 5 and the booster pump 8 to work, pumping the ammonium chloride solution in the third water tank 4 into the first water tank 1, and then into the second water tank 3 through the circular plate 2, and finally into the third water tank 4 to form a circulation; S2: The automatic flow stabilization unit is used to prevent the solution initially entering the second water tank 3 from being discharged. After the solution reaches a certain height of the circular plate 2, the solution in the second water tank 3 is discharged into the third water tank 4. At the same time, the liquid discharge volume per unit time of the second water tank 3 is kept consistent with the liquid discharge volume per unit time of the liquid outlet pipe 7, so as to maintain a stable liquid level. The power of the booster pump 8 can be adjusted as needed to adjust the injection flow rate. S3: Cooling the copper plate 14 with cooling water to allow the ammonium chloride solution to cool and crystallize to simulate the flow behavior of the copper crystallizer flow field. The situation can be directly observed through the circular plate 2 made of transparent material; S4: After the observation is completed, the circulation pump 5 and the booster pump 8 are controlled to stop working, and the circulation of the cooling water is stopped. The ammonium chloride solution containing crystals can be directly discharged into the third water tank 4 for storage.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field, characterized in that: It comprises a first water tank (1), a circular plate (2), a second water tank (3) and a third water tank (4) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The upper end of the second water tank (3) is open and communicates with the inner cavity of the circular plate (2). The inner cavity of the circular plate (2) is provided with a copper plate (14). The lower end of the copper plate (14) extends to the inner cavity of the second water tank (3). A cooling cavity (11) is formed between the copper plate (14) and the inner side wall of the circular plate (2). A cooling water inlet pipe (12) and a cooling water outlet pipe (13) communicating with the cooling cavity (11) are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the circular plate (2); A drain pipe (10) with a valve is provided at the bottom of the second water tank (3); A circulation pump (5) is installed on the outer wall of the third water tank (4), the liquid inlet end of the circulation pump (5) extends to the inner cavity of the third water tank (4), the liquid outlet end of the circulation pump (5) is connected to the connecting pipe (6), and the liquid discharge port of the connecting pipe (6) is located directly above the first water tank (1); The upper end of the first water tank (1) is open, and a booster pump (8) and a flow meter (9) are provided on the liquid outlet pipe (7) at the lower end of the first water tank (1). A lower liquid pipe (71) is installed at the lower end of the first liquid outlet pipe (7), and the inner cavity of the lower liquid pipe (71) is provided with two groups of liquid outlet holes (72) arranged obliquely downward. The circular plate (2) and the second water tank (3) are made of transparent tempered glass; It also includes an automatic flow stabilization unit, which can ensure that the liquid level in the circular plate (2) is maintained within a certain height range and the liquid discharge volume of the second water tank (3) per unit time is consistent with the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe (7) per unit time, regardless of how the liquid discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe (7) per unit time is changed.

2. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic flow stabilizing unit comprises a floating plate (15) movably arranged in the inner cavity of the circular plate (2) via a limiting rod (16), a square tube (18) communicating with the second water tank (3) and arranged at the bottom of the second water tank (3), and an adjusting plate (19) arranged below the square tube (18); The inner cavity of the square tube (18) is provided with a square cavity, and a circular sealing sleeve is adapted to be installed at the lower end of the square tube (18) and located at the periphery of the liquid outlet, and the lower end of the circular sealing sleeve is in sliding contact with the upper end of the adjustment plate (19); Mounting plates (21) are slidably provided at both ends of the adjustment plate (19), and the mounting plates (21) are fixedly provided on the square tube (18). A rectangular through cavity is provided on the adjustment plate (19), and two groups of plate bodies (20) with right-angled trapezoidal structures are installed in the rectangular through cavity, and a drainage gap with an isosceles triangle structure is formed between the two groups of plate bodies (20) and the adjustment plate (19). The straight-line distance between the outer walls of the two plate bodies (20) is greater than the size of the square tube (18), and the upper end of the plate body (20) is flush with the upper end surface of the adjustment plate (19); A first screw rod (22) is threadedly connected to the regulating plate (19), and the first screw rod (22) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the second water tank (3) via a connecting plate, and a first gear (23) is installed at the end of the first screw rod (22); A movable rod (17) is fixed on the floating plate (15), and a first toothed plate (24) meshingly connected with the first gear (23) is installed at the lower end of the movable rod (17).

3. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary adjustment unit is also provided for assisting in accelerating the stabilization of the floating plate (15) within the circular plate (2) and shortening the adjustment time.

4. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary adjustment unit comprises a second screw (25) rotatably arranged with the outer wall of the adjustment plate (19), two plates (20) slidably arranged in the rectangular cavity, and an inclined plate (30) arranged obliquely downward. The lower ends of the two groups of plate bodies (20) are fixed with nuts (26) through connecting plates, and the two groups of nuts (26) are respectively threadedly sleeved on the forward thread section and the reverse thread section of the second screw rod (25); A rotating shaft (28) is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the adjustment plate (19), and the rotating shaft (28) is meshedly connected to the adjacent ends of the second screw (25) via two sets of bevel gears (27), and a second gear (29) is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft (28); A second tooth plate (31) is slidably provided on the inclined plate (30), and the upper second tooth plate (31) is arranged parallel to the inclined plate (30), the second tooth plate (31) is tooth-engaged with the second gear (29), the inclined plate (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water tank (3) via a connecting rod, and a U-shaped rod (32) is fixed to the tilted end of the second tooth plate (31); The liquid outlet pipe (7) and the liquid down pipe (71) are respectively fixedly sleeved with a first mounting ring (34) and a second mounting ring (37); a column (35) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting ring (37); the upper end of the column (35) slides through the first mounting ring (34); the first mounting ring (34) and the second mounting ring (37) are connected via a linear spring (36); the upper end of the column (35) is connected to one end of a pull rope (33); the other end of the pull rope (33) is connected to the U-shaped rod (32); the first mounting ring (34), the first water tank (1) and the second water tank (3) are provided with a guide wheel group adapted to the pull rope (33); The lower end of the liquid outlet pipe (7) is slidingly sealed in the inner cavity of the lower liquid pipe (71) via an elastic ring.

5. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 4, characterized in that: A resistance adjustment unit is also provided for controlling the resistance encountered by the downpipe (71) when it moves downward.

6. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The resistance adjustment unit includes a shell (38) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting ring (34) and having a rectangular groove, a rectangular block (39) being slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (38), and an elastic damping pad (40) being fixed to the outer end of the rectangular block (39), a rotating screw (41) being rotatably arranged on the shell (38), and a threaded portion of the rotating screw (41) being located in the threaded cavity of the rectangular block (39) and being threadedly connected to the rectangular block (39).

7. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 4, characterized in that: Ball bearings are provided at the sliding connection between the plate body (20) and the adjustment plate (19) and at the sliding connection between the inclined plate (30) and the second tooth plate (31).

8. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow ball (73) is movably provided in the inner cavity of the liquid outlet hole (72), and an elastic pad is installed between the outer wall of the hollow ball (73) and the inner wall of the liquid outlet hole (72). The liquid inlet of the hollow tube (73) is communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid outlet hole (72), and the liquid outlet of the hollow tube (73) is communicated with the inner cavity of a hollow flow guide tube (74). The hollow flow guide tube (74) is installed on the hollow ball (73).

9. The device for simulating flow behavior of a copper crystallizer flow field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second water tank (3) and the circular plate (2) both include an L-shaped plate fixing plate (302), a first movable side plate (303), a second movable side plate (304) and a third movable side plate (305). The second water tank (3) also includes a bottom plate (301). The lower end of the L-shaped fixing plate (302) located below is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (301). One end of the third movable side plate (305) is slidably arranged on the first movable side plate (303) through a slider. The slider is wrapped by an elastic sleeve. The third movable side plate (305) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (301). 05) The other end is sealed and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second movable side plate (304) through an elastic pad, the side end and the lower end of the first movable side plate (303) are sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixed plate (302) and the bottom plate (301) respectively through elastic pads, the lower end and the side end of the second movable plate (304) are sealed and slidably connected to the L-shaped fixed plate (302) and the bottom plate (301) through elastic pads, and the lower end of the third movable side plate (305) is sealed and slidably connected to the bottom plate (301) through an elastic pad; Adjustment screws (307) are rotatably provided on the first movable side plate (303) and the second movable side plate (304) located above, and the two sets of adjustment screws (307) are installed on the corresponding supporting plates (306) and are threadedly connected to the supporting plates (306). The supporting plates (306) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped fixed plate (302).

10. A method for using a device for simulating flow behavior in a copper crystallizer flow field, as used in claims 1-9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: First, control the cooling water to fill the cooling chamber (11) and form a cooling water circulation, then control the circulation pump (5) and the booster pump (8) to work, pump the ammonium chloride solution in the third water tank (4) into the first water tank (1), and then enter the second water tank (3) through the circular plate (2), and finally enter the third water tank (4) to form a circulation; S2: Through the automatic flow stabilization unit, the solution initially entering the second water tank (3) is not discharged, and after reaching a certain height of the circular plate (2), the solution in the second water tank (3) is discharged into the third water tank (4), while keeping the discharge volume of the second water tank (3) per unit time consistent with the discharge volume of the liquid outlet pipe (7) per unit time, maintaining a stable liquid level, and adjusting the power of the booster pump (8) as needed to achieve regulation of the injection flow rate; S3: Cooling the copper plate (14) with cooling water to allow the ammonium chloride solution to cool and crystallize to simulate the flow behavior of the copper crystallizer flow field, and the situation can be directly observed through the circular plate (2) made of transparent material; S4: After the observation is completed, the circulation pump (5) and the booster pump (8) are controlled to stop working, and the circulation of the cooling water is stopped. The ammonium chloride solution containing crystals can be directly discharged into the third water tank (4) for storage.

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