Spine pressing structure physical model manufacturing process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake physical simulation, in particular to an indentation ridge structure physical model manufacturing process which comprises the steps that digital modeling of a target area indentation ridge structure model is carried out; editing the established digital model of the spine pressing structure, and completing the manufacturing of a reverse mold by using a 3D printing technology; manufacturing a ridge pressing structure physical model; corresponding equivalent dielectric materials are added into the molding materials according to the mass of cracks and karst caves of different pressure ridge parts, and different thicknesses and speeds are poured according to the actual stratum thickness and stratum speed; and demolding the cured pressure ridge structure physical model. Model manufacturing is carried out on the basis of three-dimensional digital modeling, the 3D printing technology, thermoplastic photosensitive resin materials and the like, the accurate three-dimensional physical model of the indentation ridge structure can be obtained, the seismic response characteristics of the model are similar to those of the indentation ridge structure in actual seismic exploration, and the experiment of the three-dimensional physical model of the indentation ridge structure is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of earthquake physical simulation, in particular to a process for making a physical model of a ridge structure. Background Art

[0002] Exploration and development practices in many areas have confirmed that strike-slip fault zones control reservoirs, accumulation, and abundance, and have become a new target for oil and gas exploration. Currently, the compression deformation of the main strike-slip fault in a certain area is gradually increasing from west to east. A certain fault is located at the transitional position from the NE to the strike-slip fault system. Structurally, it has developed both the "pull-apart-translation-uplift" three-stage structure of the weak compression fault system on the west side and the "compression ridge structure" of the strong compression fault system on the east side. The compression ridge structure is a newly discovered model for oil and gas accumulation in strike-slip fault zones. The compression ridge structure has a very complex development pattern, and oil and gas accumulation is related to this model. Continuous basic research on the compression ridge structure is necessary to clarify its internal structural characteristics and seismic wave field characteristics, which are of great significance to the exploration and development of strike-slip fault oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] Seismic physical simulation technology involves creating physical models of geological structures and bodies in the laboratory using a specific simulation similarity ratio. It then uses ultrasound and other methods to simulate field seismic exploration methods. It is a crucial seismic forward modeling technique. The design and fabrication of physical models is a key technology, and the fabrication process directly impacts experimental results. Existing physical model fabrication techniques primarily utilize wooden molds and three-dimensional carving to control the planes of the layers. However, the unique structural characteristics of ridge structures make these two fabrication techniques difficult to fabricate.

[0004] The vertical structure of the compression ridge is characterized by being larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, making it difficult to model using 3D sculpted surfaces. The horizontal width of the ridge's faults varies greatly, with some areas having lateral fault throws of up to a kilometer, while others have only a few meters or even tens of meters. Due to the large scale of field research, laboratory research often involves converting actual field geological and seismic parameters into parameters suitable for laboratory research using a certain similarity ratio. Physical simulation techniques typically use a similarity ratio between 1:10,000 and 1:20,000, meaning that 1 mm in the laboratory represents 10 or 20 meters in the field. When the fault zone is only tens of meters wide, the laboratory scale is only a few millimeters. Because a layer of mold release is applied to the inner surface of wooden molds during the molding process, the model scale can have an error of 2-4 mm. For compression ridge structures, this error can directly determine whether the ridge is present or not, making it an unacceptable error for detailed research. Therefore, wooden molds are not suitable for 3D physical modeling of compression ridge structures.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a physical model making process for the compression ridge structure to produce a three-dimensional physical model that is close to the actual compression ridge structure and to carry out three-dimensional physical model experiments on the compression ridge structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to avoid the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a molding process for a physical model of a ridge pressing structure.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Digital modeling of the target area's pressure ridge structure model; based on the pressure ridge structural characteristics of the target area, a corresponding digital model of the pressure ridge structure is established;

[0009] S2: Edit the established digital model of the ridge structure and use 3D printing technology to complete the production of the reverse mold;

[0010] S3: Production of a physical model of the pressure ridge structure; the pressure ridge structure includes fractures and caves. According to the mass of fractures and caves in different pressure ridge locations, corresponding equivalent dielectric materials are added to the modeling material, and the modeling is performed according to the actual formation thickness and formation velocity. The ratio of the mass of each layer of added fractures and caves to the mass of the modeling material is 0.02:0.01:1;

[0011] S4: demoulding the solidified ridge structure physical model.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that step S2 specifically comprises first establishing a boundary model of the compression ridge structure, that is, completing the modeling of the external contour of the compression ridge structure according to the digital model, and then outputting the contour surface as a three-dimensional surface file format that can be 3D printed, and copying the file to a 3D printing instrument, and finally using the 3D printing equipment to complete the production of the reverse mold.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that, when the outer contour of the ridge structure is modeled, the four side surfaces and the bottom surface of the model are in a fully closed state, and the top remains open.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the material for making the reverse mold is a thermoplastic photosensitive resin material, and the thickness of the reverse mold profile is no more than 2 mm.

[0015] Thermoplastic photosensitive resin is used to ensure that the physical model of the ridge structure can be demoulded without damage. The thickness of the reverse mold profile is preferably 1mm. If the fracture width of the ridge structure is wider, a thickness of 1.5 or 2mm can be used.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that, in step S3, the equivalent dielectric material of the crack includes a mixed material of epoxy resin and silicone rubber, the mass ratio of epoxy resin to silicone rubber is 1:1.5, its longitudinal wave velocity is 1500m / s, the density is 1.05g / cc, the thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the size is 2mm*2mm-5mm*5mm.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the equivalent dielectric material of the cave includes a cured silicone rubber material having a longitudinal wave velocity of 1000 m / s, a density of 1.0 g / cc, a spherical shape, and a diameter ranging from 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that step S4 specifically comprises placing the solidified model and counter-mold in an oven for heating and then taking them out, using a sharp tool to peel off the counter-mold made of photosensitive resin on the outside of the model, and when the photosensitive resin becomes a brittle solid due to temperature drop, repeating the above steps until the counter-mold on the surface of the model is completely removed.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that when heating is performed in an oven, heating is performed at a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius for 1-2 hours each time.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that, in step S1, if there are seismic data and well logging data in the target area, a three-dimensional digital model of the pressure ridge structure that conforms to the target area is established based on the seismic data and well logging data, combined with the geological background of the area and the typical geological pattern of the pressure ridge structure;

[0021] If there are no exploration results in the target area, a three-dimensional model of the pressure ridge structure will be established based on the geological background and geological knowledge of the area.

[0022] First, the size of the simulation work area should be determined. The work area should at least include the typical characteristics of the pressure ridge structure under study. The modeling process needs to consider the location and boundary information of different characteristic fault zones such as main faults, secondary faults, pressure uplift, tension, and translation.

[0023] If you only want to study the seismic response characteristics of a typical pressure ridge structure, there is no need to determine the work area. You can design a pressure ridge structure model based on existing geological knowledge and digitally model it.

[0024] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The present invention is used to produce a three-dimensional physical model of a pressure ridge structure. The model is mainly produced based on three-dimensional digital modeling, 3D printing technology, thermoplastic photosensitive resin materials, etc., which overcomes the problem that traditional molding processes are difficult to achieve in producing a physical model of a pressure ridge structure. Through the present invention, a relatively accurate three-dimensional physical model of a pressure ridge structure can be obtained, which has the significant characteristics of a pressure ridge structure. After testing, its seismic response characteristics are also similar to the characteristics of the pressure ridge structure in actual seismic exploration, proving that the invention has a good effect in simulating the pressure ridge structure, is conducive to conducting basic research on the pressure ridge structure, and clarifying its internal structural characteristics and seismic wave field characteristics. It is of great significance to the exploration and development of strike-slip fault oil and gas reservoirs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of molding a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a ridge pressure structure model constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Comparison between the simulated and actual seismic response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow A;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Comparison between the simulated seismic response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow B and the actual seismic response characteristics. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other similar embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In addition, the directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only referenced to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directional words used are used to illustrate rather than limit the invention.

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0034] Example:

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1: Digital modeling of the target area's pressure ridge structure model; according to the pressure ridge structural characteristics of the target area, a corresponding digital model of the pressure ridge structure is established;

[0037] If there are seismic data and well logging data in the target area, a three-dimensional digital model of the pressure ridge structure that meets the target area will be established based on the seismic data and well logging data, combined with the geological background of the area and the typical geological pattern of the pressure ridge structure;

[0038] If there are no exploration results in the target area, a three-dimensional model of the pressure ridge structure will be established based on the geological background and geological knowledge of the area.

[0039] This embodiment uses seismic data and well logging data of a certain area to build a model. The scale of the pressure ridge structure model is: length 1000mm*width 1000mm*height 200mm.

[0040] S2: Edit the established digital model of the ridge structure and use 3D printing technology to complete the production of the reverse mold;

[0041] First, establish the boundary model of the pressure ridge structure, that is, complete the modeling of the external contour of the pressure ridge structure according to the digital model. When modeling the external contour of the pressure ridge structure, the four sides and bottom of the model are fully closed, and the top remains open.

[0042] The contour surface is then output as a three-dimensional surface file format that can be 3D printed, and the file is copied to the 3D printing instrument. Finally, the 3D printing equipment is used to complete the production of the reverse mold.

[0043] The material for making the reverse mold is thermoplastic photosensitive resin material, and the thickness of the reverse mold outline is no more than 2 mm.

[0044] S3: Preparation of physical model of pressure ridge structure; the pressure ridge structure includes cracks and caves. According to the mass of cracks and caves in different pressure ridge parts, corresponding equivalent dielectric materials are added to the molding material. The equivalent dielectric material of the cracks includes a mixture of epoxy resin and silicone rubber. The mass ratio of epoxy resin and silicone rubber is 1:1.5, the longitudinal wave velocity is 1500m / s, the density is 1.05g / cc, the thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the size is 2mm*2mm-5mm*5mm.

[0045] The equivalent dielectric material of the cave includes cured silicone rubber material, which has a longitudinal wave velocity of 1000m / s, a density of 1.0g / cc, a spherical shape, and a diameter range of 1mm-8mm.

[0046] During pouring, different thicknesses and speeds are used according to the actual formation thickness and formation velocity. In this embodiment, the pressure ridge structure mainly passes through four layers. In the order of deposition, the relevant model making parameters of the four layers from bottom to top are as follows:

[0047] First layer: The mass ratio of epoxy resin, epoxy resin curing agent and talcum powder is 1:0.5:2, the longitudinal wave velocity is 3000m / s; the thickness is 5cm.

[0048] Second layer: The mass ratio of epoxy resin, epoxy resin curing agent and talcum powder is 1:0.5:1.5, the longitudinal wave velocity is 2900m / s; the thickness is 3cm.

[0049] The third layer: The mass ratio of epoxy resin, epoxy resin curing agent and talcum powder is 1:0.5:1, the longitudinal wave velocity is 2800m / s; the thickness is 3cm.

[0050] Fourth layer: The mass ratio of epoxy resin, epoxy resin curing agent and talcum powder is 1:0.5:0.5, the longitudinal wave velocity is 2700m / s; the thickness is 5cm.

[0051] The ratio of the mass of the cracks and caves added in each layer to the mass of the molding material in that layer is 0.02:0.01:1. The final ridge structure model is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0052] S4: demoulding the solidified ridge structure physical model.

[0053] Since the photosensitive resin is a brittle solid at room temperature after curing, it will have a certain bonding effect with the epoxy resin of the model material, making demolding at room temperature difficult. If the demolding is forced, it is easy to damage the prepared ridge structure model. Therefore, during the demolding process, based on the properties of thermoplastic photosensitive resin, the model and counter-mold are placed in an oven and heated at 60 degrees Celsius for 1-2 hours. Then, the model is removed and the photosensitive resin on the outside of the model is peeled off with a relatively sharp tool. As the temperature drops, the photosensitive resin will become a brittle solid again, so the above steps need to be repeated until the photosensitive resin material on the surface of the model is completely removed.

[0054] The model made in Example 1 was tested and compared with the test results of the pressure ridge structure in actual seismic exploration. Its seismic response characteristics are as follows: Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown; Figure 3 Figure (a) is Figure 2 The simulated earthquake response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow A, Figure 3 Figure (b) is Figure 2 The actual seismic response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow A; Figure 4 Figure (a) is Figure 2The simulated seismic response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow B, Figure 4 Figure (b) is Figure 2 The actual seismic response characteristics of the pressure ridge structure at the middle arrow B. It can be seen that the earthquake response characteristics simulated by the model produced in Example 1 are similar to those of the pressure ridge structure in actual seismic exploration, proving that the pressure ridge structure produced by the present invention can be used to study its internal structure and wave field characteristics.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Digital modeling of the target area's pressure ridge structure model; based on the pressure ridge structural characteristics of the target area, a corresponding digital model of the pressure ridge structure is established; S2: Edit the established digital model of the ridge structure and make a reverse mold using 3D printing technology; S3: Production of a physical model of the pressure ridge structure; the pressure ridge structure includes fractures and caves. According to the mass of fractures and caves in different pressure ridge locations, corresponding equivalent dielectric materials are added to the modeling material, and the modeling is performed according to the actual formation thickness and formation velocity. The ratio of the mass of each layer of added fractures and caves to the mass of the modeling material is 0.02:0.01:1; S4: demoulding the solidified ridge structure physical model.

2. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, step S2 is to first establish a boundary model of the ridge structure, that is, complete the modeling of the external contour of the ridge structure according to the digital model, output the contour surface as a three-dimensional surface file format that can be 3D printed, and copy the file to the 3D printing instrument, and finally use the 3D printing equipment to complete the production of the reverse mold.

3. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: When modeling the external contour of the ridge structure, the four sides and bottom of the model are fully closed, and the top remains open.

4. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material for making the reverse mold is thermoplastic photosensitive resin material, and the thickness of the reverse mold outline is no more than 2 mm.

5. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the equivalent dielectric material of the crack includes a mixture of epoxy resin and silicone rubber, the mass ratio of epoxy resin to silicone rubber is 1:1.5, the longitudinal wave velocity is 1500m / s, the density is 1.05g / cc, the thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and the size is 2mm*2mm-5mm*5mm.

6. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The equivalent dielectric material of the cave includes cured silicone rubber material, which has a longitudinal wave velocity of 1000m / s, a density of 1.0g / cc, a spherical shape, and a diameter range of 1mm-8mm.

7. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically involves placing the solidified model and counter-mold in an oven for heating and then taking them out, using a sharp tool to peel off the counter-mold made of photosensitive resin on the outside of the model. When the photosensitive resin becomes a brittle solid due to temperature drop, repeat the above steps until the counter-mold on the surface of the model is completely removed.

8. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: When using an oven to heat, heat at 60 degrees Celsius for 1-2 hours each time.

9. The process for making a physical model of a ridge pressing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, if there are seismic data and well logging data in the target area, a three-dimensional digital model of the pressure ridge structure that meets the target area is established based on the seismic data and well logging data, combined with the geological background of the area and the typical geological pattern of the pressure ridge structure; If there are no exploration results in the target area, a three-dimensional model of the pressure ridge structure will be established based on the geological background and geological knowledge of the area.

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