Full-automatic anti-heeling system of ship and ship

Abstract

The full-automatic anti-heeling system comprises anti-heeling cabins, and the anti-heeling cabins comprise the left heeling cabin and the right heeling cabin which are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a ship body; the left anti-heeling cabin and the right anti-heeling cabin are communicated through a conveying main pipe, and an anti-heeling pump is arranged in the conveying main pipe; and the left anti-heeling cabin and the right anti-heeling cabin are respectively connected with a ballast system of the ship through pipelines. The high-efficiency gear reversing pump is adopted as core equipment, bidirectional lightering of seawater is achieved, and transverse inclination of the ship is prevented; a centralized control and monitoring system is adopted, remote monitoring and remote control of a master console are achieved, and accurate control over ship heeling is achieved; the automation degree of the ship is improved, and the workload of sailors is reduced; heeling and shaking of the ship are reduced, and the comfort of sailors or passengers is improved; the system is simple in structure and low in purchase and installation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ship design, and in particular relates to a fully automatic anti-heeling system for a ship and a ship. Background Art

[0002] When a ship is docked to load or unload cargo (such as containers), the ship will experience corresponding lateral tilt and sway due to changes in the cargo load; or when the ship's beam is narrow, the ship will experience lateral sway due to the action of waves or wind, which greatly affects the ship's operating safety and comfort. The existing method is usually to install anti-roll fins to reduce the impact of the ship's lateral tilt on the ship.

[0003] Using fin stabilizers to reduce the impact of heeling on a ship can lead to the following problems:

[0004] 1. The procurement and installation costs of fin stabilizers are high.

[0005] 2. The fin stabilizer can only effectively reduce heel when the ship is sailing at high speed.

[0006] 3. The fin stabilizers are installed on the outside of the ship and are affected by marine shells. The maintenance cost is high and they often need to be docked for major repairs regularly. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a fully automatic anti-heeling system for a ship, comprising an anti-heeling tank, wherein the anti-heeling tank comprises a left anti-heeling tank and a right anti-heeling tank, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hull; the left anti-heeling tank and the right anti-heeling tank are connected through a delivery main pipe, and an anti-heeling pump is provided in the delivery main pipe; the left anti-heeling tank and the right anti-heeling tank are respectively connected to the ballast system of the ship through pipelines.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0009] Inclinometer, used to monitor the ship's tilt angle and transmit the monitoring results to the main controller in real time;

[0010] The main controller is used to transmit the anti-rolling system start signal to the pump start control box according to the left and right heel directions when the ship's heel angle is greater than the preset value, until the ship's heel angle is less than the preset value;

[0011] The pump start control box is used to control the anti-rolling pump to pump water in the delivery main pipe in a forward direction or a reverse direction according to the anti-rolling system start signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the anti-rolling pump is a gear reversing pump, and the pump start control box controls the anti-rolling pump to pump water forward or reverse in the delivery main pipe according to the anti-rolling system start signal, including:

[0013] If the left heel exceeds a preset value, a positive pumping signal is sent to the pump start control box, and the anti-heel pump starts to pump water in a positive direction, that is, pumping water in the left anti-heel tank to the right anti-heel tank;

[0014] If the right tilt exceeds a preset value, a reverse pumping signal is sent to the pump start control box, and the anti-roll pump starts to pump water in the reverse direction, that is, the water in the right anti-roll tank is pumped to the left anti-roll tank.

[0015] Furthermore, high-level liquid level switches are provided at high positions on the inner bulkheads of the left heel tank and the right heel tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the high liquid level switch is located at 90% of the capacity of the left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank.

[0017] Furthermore, low-level liquid level switches are provided at low positions on the inner bulkheads of the left heel tank and the right heel tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the height of the low liquid level switch is 150 mm higher than the highest point of the main conveying line.

[0019] Furthermore, the left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank are connected to a compressed air pipeline, and a ball valve and a start-up remote control butterfly valve are provided on the compressed air pipeline; the tops of the left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank are both connected to a ventilation pipe, and a ventilation head is provided on the ventilation pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, when any device in the system encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty device will feed back the resistance signal to the main control panel through the PLC and issue an alarm, which can be used in multiple key locations; and the operating status and liquid level information of the left and right anti-roll tanks can be visually monitored in the alarm location.

[0021] A ship comprises the above-mentioned fully automatic anti-heeling system for ships.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention adopts a high-efficiency gear reversing pump as the core equipment to realize two-way transfer of seawater and prevent the ship from heeling; adopts a centralized control and monitoring system to realize remote monitoring and remote control of the main control console and realize precise control of the ship's heeling; improves the degree of ship automation and reduces the workload of the crew; reduces the ship's heeling and shaking, and improves the comfort of the crew or passengers; the system and structure are simple and the procurement and installation costs are low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 The invention consists of a gear reversing pump, a pressure gauge, a leakage sensor, a delivery main pipe, a pneumatic remote-controlled butterfly valve, a service valve, a compressed air pipeline, a ball valve, a pipeline support, a pump support, a liquid level switch, a vent pipe, a vent head, an inclinometer, a cable, a junction box, a pump start control panel (PLC), and other control panels.

[0027] The installation steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. First, install the gear reversing pump, pressure gauge, leakage sensor, pneumatic remote-controlled butterfly valve, and inspection valve of the present invention as required, connect them to the delivery main, and install the pipeline support and pump support. Extend the pipeline suction port to the lowest position of the special anti-heel tank and ballast tank (hereinafter referred to as the anti-heel tank);

[0029] 2. Connect the compressed air pipeline and ball valve to the pneumatic remote control butterfly valve interface;

[0030] 3. Install the liquid level switches at the high and low positions of the left and right anti-heel tanks, with the high position approximately at 90% of the anti-heel tank capacity. The low level switch should be arranged so that the pump will not suck air when the heel is 5°, and should be approximately 150mm above the high point of the main delivery line (the specific position should be calculated based on the size of the ship and other parameters).

[0031] 4. Install the vent pipe and vent head at the highest point of the anti-heeling tank. The diameter of the vent pipe should be greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the main delivery pipe.

[0032] 5. Connect the cables to the gear reversing pump's leakage sensor, pneumatic remote-controlled butterfly valve, liquid level switch, and gear reversing pump junction box to the pump control panel; connect the pump start control panel to the main / auxiliary control panel, and connect the main control panel to the detection and alarm system;

[0033] 6. When the ship is berthed, the anti-heel tank is empty and the entire system is in a stopped state;

[0034] 7. When the ship is loading or unloading cargo or before sailing, 40% to 50% of the tank capacity of the anti-heel tank (left and right) is injected with seawater through the ship's ballast system (monitored by the liquid level sensor); at the same time, the anti-heel system button is activated, and the system begins to automatically operate and monitor;

[0035] 8. The anti-heeling pump adopts a gear positive displacement pump with reversing function. The working principle of the anti-heeling system is as follows:

[0036] a. When a ship is loading or unloading cargo or encounters wind and waves that cause it to heel and sway during navigation, the inclinometer monitors the ship's heel angle. When the ship's heel angle is greater than 2 degrees, the main controller detects the change in left and right heel angles and transmits the anti-heel system start signal to the pump start control box based on the left and right heel directions. If the left heel exceeds 2 degrees, the gear reversing pump will rotate forward to deliver seawater to the right anti-heel tank; vice versa. The weight of the seawater in the anti-heel tank corrects the ship's heel angle to below 0.5 degrees.

[0037] b. The low liquid level switch protects the normal suction and transfer of the gear reversing pump; the high liquid level switch protects the anti-heel tank from bursting due to excessive input of seawater.

[0038] c. The amount of seawater in the anti-heel tank is lower than the required amount. When the signal is disconnected at either level switch 1 (left low position) or level switch 3 (right low position) (closed at normal liquid level), the signal is transmitted to the pump start control panel (PLC), and the gear reversing pump stops to prevent the anti-heel pump from pumping air. The pump stop signal is also sent to the remote main control panel, which analyzes the signal and displays a warning signal and the next operation prompt on the screen. If the gear reversing pump needs to continue to operate, it is necessary to use the ballast pump to replenish seawater to the water-deficient anti-heel tank (i.e., the tank with the disconnected level switch).

[0039] d. When either level switch 2 (left high position) or level switch 4 (right high position) signals a closed signal (open at normal liquid level), the signal is transmitted to the pump start control panel (PLC), and the gear reversing pump stops to prevent further transfer of seawater to the anti-heel tank that is about to be full. The pump stop signal is also sent to the remote main control panel, which analyzes the signal and displays a warning signal and the next operation prompt on the screen. At this time, it is necessary to increase the ballast water of the entire ship to lower the center of gravity to prevent further heeling of the ship;

[0040] 9. The anti-roll system can be started and stopped remotely through the main / auxiliary control panel. The gear reversing pump can also be started and stopped through the local control panel and pump control box.

[0041] 10. When the above equipment encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty equipment will feed back the resistance signal to the main control panel through the PLC and sound an alarm. The alarm can be sounded in multiple key locations (such as the cab, ship office, etc.); and the operating status and the liquid level of the left and right anti-roll tanks can be visually monitored in the above locations.

[0042] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification are within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic anti-heeling system for ships, characterized by: It includes anti-heeling tanks, which include a left anti-heeling tank and a right anti-heeling tank, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hull; the left anti-heeling tank and the right anti-heeling tank are connected through a delivery main pipe, and an anti-heeling pump is provided in the delivery main pipe; the left anti-heeling tank and the right anti-heeling tank are respectively connected to the ballast system of the ship through pipelines.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: Inclinometer, used to monitor the ship's tilt angle and transmit the monitoring results to the main controller in real time; The main controller is used to transmit the anti-rolling system start signal to the pump start control box according to the left and right heel directions when the ship's heel angle is greater than the preset value, until the ship's heel angle is less than the preset value; The pump start control box is used to control the anti-rolling pump to pump water in the delivery main pipe in a forward direction or a reverse direction according to the anti-rolling system start signal.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-rolling pump is a gear reversing pump, and the pump start control box controls the anti-rolling pump to pump water forward or reverse in the delivery main pipe according to the anti-rolling system start signal, including: If the left heel exceeds a preset value, a positive pumping signal is sent to the pump start control box, and the anti-heel pump starts to pump water in a positive direction, that is, pumping water in the left anti-heel tank to the right anti-heel tank; If the right tilt exceeds a preset value, a reverse pumping signal is sent to the pump start control box, and the anti-roll pump starts to pump water in the reverse direction, that is, the water in the right anti-roll tank is pumped to the left anti-roll tank.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: High-level liquid level switches are provided at high positions on the inner bulkheads of the left heel tank and the right heel tank.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the high liquid level switch is located at 90% of the capacity of the left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Low liquid level switches are provided at low positions on the inner bulkheads of the left heel tank and the right heel tank.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the low liquid level switch is 150 mm higher than the highest point of the main conveying line.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank are connected to a compressed air pipeline, and a ball valve and a start remote control butterfly valve are provided on the compressed air pipeline; the tops of the left anti-roll tank and the right anti-roll tank are both connected to a ventilation pipe, and a ventilation head is provided on the ventilation pipe.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: When any device in the system encounters a fault and fails to start normally, the faulty device will feed back the resistance signal to the main control panel through the PLC and issue an alarm. The alarm can be sounded in multiple key locations; and the operating status and liquid level information of the left and right anti-roll tanks can be visually monitored in the alarm location.

10. A ship, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fully automatic anti-heeling system for ships as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images