Corrosion-resistant electrical porcelain body and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant electrical porcelain body and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of electrical porcelain, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, ball-milling and uniformly mixing raw materials, sieving, removing iron, pressing mud to obtain a mud material, and molding to obtain a green body; and S2, spraying a precursor substance on the surface of the green body, drying, glazing, sintering and cooling, the precursor substance comprises barium chloride, composite structure particles and a film-forming agent. According to the invention, the polymeric membrane containing the composite structure particles is constructed on the surface of the green body, so that the evaporation rate of the green body becomes uniform, and in addition, the composite structure particles in the polymeric membrane can also absorb the thermal stress of the glaze layer and the green body; and meanwhile, the composite structure particles can cooperate with the firing temperature and have a specific response mechanism, so that the expansion coefficients of the blank layer and the glaze layer are more adaptive, the possibility of cracking in the use process is reduced, and the adhesive force of the glaze layer is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric porcelain, and in particular to a corrosion-resistant electric porcelain body and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Insulators refer to a class of porcelain insulators used in power industry systems, made primarily from natural minerals such as bauxite, kaolin, and feldspar, and fired at high temperatures. These include various line insulators, insulators for power station electrical equipment, and other insulating components used to isolate or support live elements. Insulators are a critical component of the power industry. However, existing insulators are susceptible to salt particle deposition on their surfaces due to prolonged operation in polluted atmospheric environments. Rainwater immersion can cause corrosion, and after prolonged use, the bond between the porcelain body and the glaze weakens, leading to tearing, pulverization, and other damage. Consequently, insulators generally lack corrosion resistance and suboptimal insulation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a corrosion-resistant electrical porcelain body and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant electric porcelain body comprises the following steps: S1: After the raw materials are ball-milled and mixed, they are sieved, iron removed, and mud pressed to obtain mud, which is then formed into a green body; S2: spraying the precursor material on the surface of the green body, drying, glazing, firing, and cooling; The precursor material includes barium chloride, composite structure particles and a film-forming agent.

[0005] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the barium chloride, the composite structure particles and the film-forming agent is 1-3:0.5-8:5-10.

[0006] The film-forming agent is a polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0007] Furthermore, the preparation method of the composite structure particles is as follows: first pretreat the nano-carbon fibers, then ultrasonically disperse them in a mixed solution of ethanol and ammonia water, dropwise add silicate and silane coupling agent under continuous stirring, and simultaneously add nano-calcium carbonate, stir to react, centrifuge and then dry.

[0008] Furthermore, the pretreatment is specifically: treating the nano-carbon fibers in a concentrated nitric acid solution at 90-120° C. for 1-3 hours.

[0009] Furthermore, 5-15 g of carbon nanofiber, 5-20 mL of silicate, and 5-8 mL of silane coupling agent were added to every 100 mL of the mixed solution: The mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate to nano-carbon fiber is 3-5:10.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the raw materials include: 20-25 parts of mullite, 50-60 parts of clay, 5-20 parts of talc, 5-10 parts of kaolinite, 10-15 parts of silica powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, and 10-15 parts of industrial alumina powder.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the drying temperature is: 20-30°C for 20-40 min, 30-60°C for 20-30 min, and 60-100°C for 10-30 min.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the glaze material comprises 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 7-9 parts of nano-silicon dioxide powder, 2-4 parts of boron oxide, 5-9 parts of fluoride sol solution, 5-8 parts of vermiculite, and 2-3 parts of zirconium silicate; The preparation method of the fluorinated sol solution is as follows: tetraethyl silicate and hydrochloric acid are mixed and stirred, perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, hydrophobic fumed nano-silica and a silane coupling agent are added thereto, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed to obtain the fluorinated sol solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the sintering process is: constant temperature of 25-70°C for 0.5-1h, constant temperature of 70-100°C for 0.5-1h, constant temperature of 100-500°C for 2-3h, constant temperature of 500-900°C for 3-5h, constant temperature of 900-1000°C for 2-3h, constant temperature of 1000-1200°C for 2-3h, constant temperature of 1200-1300°C for 1.5-3h; The cooling process is as follows: first, cool down from the firing temperature of 1200-1300°C to 950-1000°C at a cooling rate of 200-250°C / h; then cool down to 850-880°C at a cooling rate of 40-50°C / h; keep the temperature constant at this temperature for 1-2h; then cool down to 700-820°C at a cooling rate of 20-35°C / h; keep the temperature constant at this temperature for 2-4h; then cool down to 500-580°C at a cooling rate of 20-30°C / h; finally cool down to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-40°C / h.

[0014] The invention also discloses a corrosion-resistant electric porcelain body prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention constructs a polymer film containing composite structure particles on the surface of the green body, combined with a specific drying method, which can make the evaporation rate of the green body uniform. In addition, the composite structure particles in the polymer film can also absorb the thermal stress of the glaze layer and the green body. At the same time, the composite structure particles can cooperate with the firing temperature and have a specific response mechanism, making the expansion coefficients of the green layer and the glaze layer more adaptable, reducing the possibility of cracking during use and greatly improving the adhesion of the glaze layer. Furthermore, by further applying a hydrophobic coating on the surface of the glaze layer, its hydrophobic properties are greatly improved, reducing water adhesion, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the porcelain body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product specifications are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0017] In the following examples, the silane coupling agent used is γ-glycidyloxypropyltrialkoxysilane.

[0018] Example 1 A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant electric porcelain body comprises the following steps: S1: After the raw materials are ball-milled and mixed, they are sieved, iron removed, and mud pressed to obtain mud, which is then formed into a green body; S2: spraying the precursor material on the surface of the green body, drying, glazing, firing, and cooling; The precursor material includes barium chloride, composite structure particles and a film-forming agent.

[0019] The mass ratio of the barium chloride, the composite structure particles and the film-forming agent added is 1:0.5:8.

[0020] The film-forming agent is a polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0021] The preparation method of the composite structure particles is as follows: first pre-treating the nano-carbon fibers, then ultrasonically dispersing them in a mixed solution of ethanol and ammonia water, dropping silicate and silane coupling agent under continuous stirring, adding nano-calcium carbonate at the same time, stirring for reaction, centrifuging and drying.

[0022] The pretreatment specifically includes treating the carbon nanofibers in a concentrated nitric acid solution (mass concentration 68%) at 100° C. for 2 hours.

[0023] To every 100 mL of mixed solution, add 5 g of carbon nanofiber, 10 mL of silicate, and 6 mL of silane coupling agent: The mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate to nano-carbon fiber is 3:10.

[0024] In step S1, the raw materials include: 24 parts of mullite, 55 parts of clay, 15 parts of talc, 6 parts of kaolinite, 12 parts of silica powder, 25 parts of quartz, and 13 parts of industrial alumina powder.

[0025] In step S2, the drying temperature is: drying at 25°C for 30 minutes, drying at 35°C for 20 minutes, and drying at 70°C for 20 minutes.

[0026] In step S2, the glaze material includes 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of nano-silicon dioxide powder, 3 parts of boron oxide, 6 parts of fluoride sol solution, 7 parts of vermiculite, and 2 parts of zirconium silicate; The preparation method of the fluorinated sol solution is as follows: tetraethyl silicate and hydrochloric acid in a volume ratio of 4:1 are mixed and stirred, and the total volume of the two: the total mass of the added substances is 1.02:1; perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, hydrophobic fumed nano-silica and a silane coupling agent in a mass ratio of 0.3:1:0.1 are added thereto, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 30 minutes to obtain the fluorinated sol solution.

[0027] The firing process is: constant temperature at 60℃ for 0.5h, constant temperature at 80℃ for 0.5h, constant temperature at 300℃ for 2h, constant temperature at 700℃ for 3h, constant temperature at 950℃ for 2.5h, constant temperature at 1100℃ for 2.5h, constant temperature at 1250℃ for 2h; Cooling: first reduce the temperature to 950°C at a cooling rate of 250°C / h; then reduce the temperature to 850°C at a cooling rate of 45°C / h; keep the temperature at this temperature for 1 hour; then reduce the temperature to 750°C at a cooling rate of 25°C / h; keep the temperature at this temperature for 2 hours; then reduce the temperature to 500°C at a cooling rate of 25°C / h; finally reduce the temperature to room temperature at a cooling rate of 30°C / h.

[0028] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass ratio of the barium chloride, the composite structure particles and the film-forming agent is 1:3:10, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0029] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass ratio of the barium chloride, the composite structure particles and the film-forming agent is 3:8:10, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0030] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate to nano-carbon fiber is 4:10, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0031] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate to nano-carbon fiber is 5:10, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0032] Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that the drying temperature is: 30° C. for 40 min, 60° C. for 30 min, and 80° C. for 15 min.

[0033] Example 6 The difference from Example 1 is that the sintering process is: constant temperature at 70°C for 0.5h, constant temperature at 100°C for 0.5h, constant temperature at 400°C for 2h, constant temperature at 900°C for 4h, constant temperature at 1000°C for 2h, constant temperature at 1100°C for 3h, constant temperature at 1280°C for 1.5h; Cooling: first cool down to 980℃ at a cooling rate of 230℃ / h; then cool down to 860℃ at a cooling rate of 40℃ / h; keep constant at this temperature for 1.5h; then cool down to 800℃ at a cooling rate of 25℃ / h; keep constant at this temperature for 3h; then cool down to 550℃ at a cooling rate of 25℃ / h; finally cool down to room temperature at a cooling rate of 25℃ / h.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that no precursor material is sprayed before drying.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 Different from Example 1, no barium chloride is added to the precursor material.

[0036] Comparative Example 3 Different from Example 1, no composite structure particles are added to the precursor material.

[0037] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that no nano-calcium carbonate is added in the preparation method of the composite structure particles, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0038] Comparative Example 5 Different from Example 1, no fluorinated sol solution is added to the glaze.

[0039] The ceramic bodies prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to bending strength tests and water drop contact angle tests to determine the contact angles before and after corona. The contact angle test after corona was performed by dropping 4 μL of deionized water on the surface of the hydrophobic coating and using a contact angle meter to measure the test before and 100 hours after corona. The corona aging experimental conditions were as follows: the sample was subjected to a corona aging test at 3.5 kV for 100 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Test results of sample performance of examples and comparative examples As can be seen from the above table, the performance of the embodiment is better than that of the comparative example. The main reason may be that the present invention can make the evaporation rate of the body uniform by constructing a polymer film containing composite structure particles on the surface of the body, reducing the surface preferential evaporation and the appearance of body cracks, and further adding barium chloride can reduce the crystals produced after the body surface is dried, thereby affecting subsequent firing. In addition, the composite structure particles in the polymer film can also absorb the thermal stress of the glaze layer and the body; at the same time, the composite structure particles can cooperate with the firing temperature and have a specific response mechanism, so that the expansion coefficient of the body layer and the glaze layer is more adapted, reducing the possibility of rupture during use, greatly improving the adhesion of the glaze layer, thereby improving hydrophobicity. Furthermore, by further applying a hydrophobic coating on the surface of the glaze layer, its hydrophobicity is greatly improved, water adhesion is reduced, and corrosion resistance is improved.

[0041] The above-described embodiments merely represent preferred implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various other corresponding changes and modifications based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant electrical porcelain body, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After the raw materials are ball-milled and mixed, they are sieved, iron removed, and mud pressed to obtain mud material, which is then formed into a green body; S2: spraying the precursor material on the surface of the green body, drying, glazing, firing, and cooling; The precursor material includes barium chloride, composite structure particles and a film-forming agent.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the barium chloride, the composite structure particles and the film-forming agent is 1-3:0.5-8:5-10; The film-forming agent is a polyvinyl alcohol solution.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the composite structure particles is as follows: first pre-treating the nano-carbon fibers, then ultrasonically dispersing them in a mixed solution of ethanol and ammonia water, dropping silicate and silane coupling agent under continuous stirring, adding nano-calcium carbonate at the same time, stirring for reaction, centrifuging and drying.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that The pretreatment specifically includes: treating the carbon nanofibers at 90-120° C. in a concentrated nitric acid solution for 1-3 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that To every 100 mL of mixed solution, add 5-15 g of carbon nanofiber, 5-20 mL of silicate, and 5-8 mL of silane coupling agent: The mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate to nano-carbon fiber is 3-5:

10.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step S1, the raw materials include: 20-25 parts of mullite, 50-60 parts of clay, 5-20 parts of talc, 5-10 parts of kaolinite, 10-15 parts of silica powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, and 10-15 parts of industrial alumina powder.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the drying temperature is: 20-30°C for 20-40 min, 30-60°C for 20-30 min, and 60-100°C for 10-30 min.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the glaze material includes 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 7-9 parts of nano-silicon dioxide powder, 2-4 parts of boron oxide, 5-9 parts of fluoride sol solution, 5-8 parts of vermiculite, and 2-3 parts of zirconium silicate; The preparation method of the fluorinated sol solution is as follows: tetraethyl silicate and hydrochloric acid are mixed and stirred, perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, hydrophobic fumed nano-silica and a silane coupling agent are added thereto, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed to obtain the fluorinated sol solution.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The firing process is: constant temperature of 25-70℃ for 0.5-1h, constant temperature of 70-100℃ for 0.5-1h, constant temperature of 100-500℃ for 2-3h, constant temperature of 500-900℃ for 3-5h, constant temperature of 900-1000℃ for 2-3h, constant temperature of 1000-1200℃ for 2-3h, constant temperature of 1200-1300℃ for 1.5-3h; The cooling process is as follows: first, cool down from the firing temperature of 1200-1300°C to 950-1000°C at a cooling rate of 200-250°C / h; then cool down to 850-880°C at a cooling rate of 40-50°C / h; keep the temperature constant at this temperature for 1-2h; then cool down to 700-820°C at a cooling rate of 20-35°C / h; keep the temperature constant at this temperature for 2-4h; then cool down to 500-580°C at a cooling rate of 20-30°C / h; finally cool down to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-40°C / h.

10. A corrosion-resistant electric porcelain body, characterized in that: The method is as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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