Efficient preparation technology for successive extraction of ganoderan

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient preparation technology of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, and belongs to the field of extraction processes of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides. According to the method, ganoderma lucidum sporocarp is taken as a raw material, after superfine grinding, continuous extraction processes of cold water, hot water, compound enzyme, dilute alkali and concentrated alkali are sequentially used for gradually extracting the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, the total extraction rate of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is remarkably increased to 24.1%-30.9%, and efficient preparation of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of extraction and preparation of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, and in particular to a preparation technology of successively extracting ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide by different methods. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum is a precious medicinal fungus in my country. Its morphology and functions were described as early as the Shennong Bencao Jing (Classic of Materia Medica). It is now widely used as a tonic, boasting benefits such as longevity and longevity, earning it the reputation of being the "immortal grass," "auspicious grass," and "resurrection grass." Ganoderma lucidum contains a variety of active ingredients, including polysaccharides, triterpenes, alkaloids, amino acids, and organic acids. Polysaccharides, the primary active ingredient in Ganoderma lucidum, have been widely reported to have various benefits, including enhancing immunity, fighting tumors, combating aging, and combating viruses.

[0003] Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides are a type of biological macromolecules, with molecular weights ranging from thousands to millions. The main structural type is glucan, while it also contains small amounts of galactan, mannan, etc. Existing processes for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides include water extraction, enzyme extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction, high-pressure homogenization and wall-breaking followed by glucanase extraction, microbial fermentation extraction, and other processes to obtain water-soluble polysaccharides and water-insoluble polysaccharides. According to a method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its application described in publication number CN103073651A, a method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides using ultrasound combined with enzyme method is disclosed, and the extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides is 3.14%-4.21%; another method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides using continuous phase change and a method for evaluating its extraction process based on online conductivity, with another publication number CN110818810A, provides a method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides using pressure extraction, and the polysaccharide yield is 1.14%. Publication No. CN101530436A discloses a method for extracting Ganoderma triterpenes and Ganoderma polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies using a combination of ultrasonic-alcohol extraction and complex enzyme-water extraction techniques. The method achieves a Ganoderma polysaccharide yield of 2.84%-3.6%. In summary, existing methods for preparing Ganoderma polysaccharides have low yields and fail to fully extract the polysaccharide components in Ganoderma lucidum. The present invention utilizes sequential extraction to increase the Ganoderma polysaccharide extraction yield to 24.1%-30.9%, achieving efficient preparation of Ganoderma polysaccharides and providing a material foundation for the development of Ganoderma polysaccharide products. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the low extraction yield of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in existing technologies, the present invention utilizes a sequential extraction process to improve the extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, providing a wider range of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide molecular species for activity research. This invention utilizes five different methods for continuous and sequential extraction of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, with extraction conditions gradually increasing from weak to strong. This allows for the gradual extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, increasing the overall extraction yield, and producing a relatively rich variety of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide structural types.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1. Extraction of first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: After ultrafine grinding of Ganoderma lucidum, add water at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:20 and extract in 4°C cold water for 3-4 hours, extracting twice in total. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0006] 2. Extraction of secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the primary extraction at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:20. Extract at 100°C for 3-4 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0007] 3. Extraction of Tertiary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after secondary extraction at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:20. Heat to 50°C, then add 1%-5% complex glycosidase and perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 3-4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain tertiary Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0008] 4. Extraction of Quaternary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: To the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the tertiary extraction, add 0.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:10-1:20. Heat to 50°C-100°C and extract for 3-4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Combine the extracts and immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid. Remove salts and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane. Concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume and dry to obtain Quaternary Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0009] 5. Extraction of Grade V Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add 1 M to 1.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:20 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the fourth stage extraction. Extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours. Neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, remove salt and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane, and concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume. Dry the extract to obtain Grade V Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0010] Preferably, in step 1, the Ganoderma lucidum is ultrafinely pulverized to obtain an average mesh size of 500 meshes of the Ganoderma lucidum ultrafine powder.

[0011] Preferably, the amount of solvent added in steps 1 to 5 is in a mass ratio of 1:15 to the initial Ganoderma lucidum.

[0012] Preferably, in steps 1 to 4, each extraction time is 3 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the complex enzyme added in step 3 is 2%, and the complex enzyme includes amylase, saccharifying enzyme, cellulase and chitinase.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the alkali extraction in step 4 is 80°C.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of NaOH in step 5 is 1.25 M.

[0016] Preferably, the drying method in the above steps refers to reduced pressure drying, freeze drying, or spray drying.

[0017] The present invention provides a technical method for continuous and sequential extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides using multiple solvents. Through the combined extraction of five methods, various polysaccharide components in Ganoderma lucidum can be efficiently prepared, and the extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can be increased to 24.1%-30.9%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The process flow chart of the present invention is DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples. The following examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally performed under conventional conditions or conditions provided by the manufacturer.

[0020] The ganoderma lucidum used in this embodiment is the dried red ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Example 1

[0021] 1. Extraction of first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Ganoderma lucidum was ultrafinely pulverized to obtain an average mesh size of 500 mesh ultrafine powder. Water was added at a mass ratio of 1:10 and the mixture was immersed in cold water at 4°C for 3 hours. The extraction was performed twice. The extract was collected and concentrated, and ethanol was added to a final concentration of 70%. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and dried to obtain first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0022] 2. Extraction of secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Add water at a mass ratio of 1:10 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the primary extraction, and extract at 100°C for 3 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0023] 3. Extraction of Tertiary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after secondary extraction at a mass ratio of 1:10. Heat to 50°C, then add 1% complex glycosidase and perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 3 hours, for a total of two extractions. Collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain tertiary Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0024] 4. Extraction of Quaternary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: To the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the tertiary extraction, add 0.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:10. Heat to 50°C and extract for 3 hours, for a total of two extractions. Combine the extracts and immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid. Remove salts and small molecules using a dialysis membrane with a cutoff of 3500 Da. Concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume and dry to obtain Quaternary Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0025] 5. Extraction of Grade V Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add 1 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:10 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the fourth stage extraction. Extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours. Neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, remove salt and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane, and concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume. Dry the extract to obtain Grade V Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0026] The ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared in Example 1 was tested to determine the extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of the prepared ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide product. The test data are shown in Table 1. After five-stage extraction, the total extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 24.1%, among which the first-stage ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide contained a higher proportion of Gal, Man and Xyl, indicating that galactan and xylomannan can be enriched in the cold water extraction step. The polysaccharides obtained in the other steps all contained a higher proportion of Glc, indicating that the main extracts obtained in these steps were glucans. As the extraction conditions gradually increased, the extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide gradually increased, and the content of Glc in the monosaccharide composition also gradually increased, indicating that glucans were gradually extracted and enriched.

[0027] Table 1. Extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides at different levels in Example 1 Example 2

[0028] 1. Extraction of first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Ganoderma lucidum was ultrafinely pulverized to obtain an average mesh size of 500 mesh ultrafine powder. Water was added at a mass ratio of 1:15, and the mixture was immersed in cold water at 4°C for 3 hours. The extraction was performed twice. The extract was collected and concentrated, and ethanol was added to a final concentration of 70%. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and dried to obtain first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0029] 2. Extraction of secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Add water at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction, and extract at 100°C for 3 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0030] 3. Extraction of Tertiary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step at a mass ratio of 1:15. Heat to 50°C, then add 2% complex glycosidase and perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 3 hours, for a total of two extractions. Collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain the tertiary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0031] 4. Extraction of Quaternary Ganoderma Polysaccharide: Add 0.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Heat to 80°C and extract for 3 hours, for a total of two extractions. Combine the extracts and immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid. Use a dialysis membrane with a cutoff of 3500 Da to remove salt and small molecules. Concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume and dry to obtain Quaternary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0032] 5. Extraction of Grade V Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add 1.25 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours. Neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, remove salt and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane, and concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume. Dry and obtain Grade V Ganoderma polysaccharides.

[0033] The ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared in Example 2 was tested to determine the extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of the prepared ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide product. The test data are shown in Table 2. After five-stage extraction, the total extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 30.3%. Among them, the first-stage ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide contained a higher proportion of Gal, Man and Xyl, indicating that galactan and xylomannan can be enriched in the cold water extraction step. The polysaccharides obtained in the other steps all contained a higher proportion of Glc, indicating that the main extracts obtained in these steps were glucans. As the extraction conditions gradually increased, the extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide gradually increased, and the content of Glc in the monosaccharide composition also gradually increased, indicating that glucans were gradually extracted and enriched.

[0034] Table 2. Extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides at different levels in Example 2 Example 3

[0035] 1. Extraction of first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Ganoderma lucidum was ultrafinely pulverized to obtain an average mesh size of 500 mesh ultrafine powder. Water was added at a mass ratio of 1:20, and the mixture was placed in 4°C cold water for 4 hours. The extraction was performed twice. The extract was collected and concentrated, and ethanol was added to a final concentration of 70%. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and dried to obtain first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0036] 2. Extraction of secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Add water at a mass ratio of 1:20 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction, and extract at 100°C for 4 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0037] 3. Extraction of Tertiary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step at a mass ratio of 1:20. Heat to 50°C, then add 5% complex glycosidase and perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain the tertiary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0038] 4. Extraction of Quaternary Ganoderma Polysaccharide: Add 0.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:20 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Heat to 100°C and extract for 4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Combine the extracts and immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid. Remove salts and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane. Concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume and dry to obtain Quaternary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0039] 5. Extraction of Grade 5 Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide: Add 1.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:20 to the Ganoderma Lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours. Neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, remove salt and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane, and concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume. Dry the extract to obtain Grade 5 Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide.

[0040] The ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared in Example 3 was tested to determine the extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of the prepared ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide product. The test data are shown in Table 3. After five-stage extraction, the total extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 30.9%, among which the first-stage ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide contained a higher proportion of Gal, Man and Xyl, indicating that galactan and xylomannan can be enriched in the cold water extraction step. The polysaccharides obtained in the other steps all contained a higher proportion of Glc, indicating that the main extracts obtained in these steps were glucans. As the extraction conditions gradually increased, the extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide gradually increased, and the content of Glc in the monosaccharide composition also gradually increased, indicating that glucans were gradually extracted and enriched.

[0041] Table 3. Extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides at different levels in Example 3 Example 4

[0042] 1. Extraction of first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Ganoderma lucidum was ultrafinely pulverized to obtain an average mesh size of 500 mesh ultrafine powder. Water was added at a mass ratio of 1:15, and the mixture was placed in 4°C cold water for 4 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. The extract was collected and concentrated, and ethanol was added to a final concentration of 70%. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and dried to obtain first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0043] 2. Extraction of secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Add water at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction, and extract at 100°C for 4 hours, for a total of 2 extractions. Collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.

[0044] 3. Extraction of Tertiary Ganoderma Polysaccharides: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step at a mass ratio of 1:15. Heat to 50°C, then add 5% complex glycosidase and perform enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain the tertiary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0045] 4. Extraction of Quaternary Ganoderma Polysaccharide: Add 0.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Heat to 100°C and extract for 4 hours, for a total of two extractions. Combine the extracts and immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid. Remove salts and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane. Concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume and dry to obtain Quaternary Ganoderma polysaccharide.

[0046] 5. Extraction of Grade 5 Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide: Add 1.5 M NaOH at a mass ratio of 1:15 to the Ganoderma Lucidum residue remaining after the previous extraction step. Extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours. Neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, remove salt and small molecules using a 3500 Da cutoff dialysis membrane, and concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume. Dry the extract to obtain Grade 5 Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide.

[0047] The ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared in Example 4 was tested to determine the extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of the prepared ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide product. The test data are shown in Table 3. After five-stage extraction, the total extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 30.5%, among which the first-stage ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide contained a higher proportion of Gal, Man and Xyl, indicating that galactan and xylomannan can be enriched in the cold water extraction step. The polysaccharides obtained in the other steps all contained a higher proportion of Glc, indicating that the main extracts obtained in these steps were glucans. As the extraction conditions gradually increased, the extraction rate of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide gradually increased, and the content of Glc in the monosaccharide composition also gradually increased, indicating that glucans were gradually extracted and enriched.

[0048] Table 4. Extraction rate and monosaccharide composition of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides at different levels in Example 4 In summary, the present invention adopts a continuous and sequential extraction method to extract Ganoderma lucidum ultrafine powder. By increasing the strength of the extraction solvent from weak to strong, various polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum are continuously extracted, which significantly improves the extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides.

[0049] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient preparation technology for sequential extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, characterized in that: The Ganoderma lucidum is the fruiting body of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum ( Ganoderma lucidum ), after ultrafine grinding, the continuous extraction process of cold water, hot water, complex enzyme, dilute alkali and concentrated alkali was used in sequence to gradually extract Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, which significantly increased the total extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides to 24.1%-30.9%.

2. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Ganoderma lucidum is ultrafinely ground and then extracted in 4°C cold water for 2 times. The extract is collected and concentrated, and ethanol is added to a final concentration of 70%. The precipitate is collected by centrifugation and dried to obtain a first-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. Step 2: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extraction in step 1, extract with hot water at 100 degrees Celsius for 2 times, collect and concentrate the extract, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry it to obtain secondary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; Step 3: Add water to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extraction in step 2, heat to 50°C, add complex glycosidase for enzymolysis, extract twice, collect the extract, heat to 100°C to inactivate the enzyme, collect the supernatant by centrifugation, add ethanol to a final concentration of 70%, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and dry to obtain the tertiary Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; Step 4: Add 0.5 M NaOH to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extraction in step 3, heat and extract, extract twice in total, combine the extracts, immediately neutralize with hydrochloric acid, use a dialysis membrane with a cutoff of 3500 Da to remove salt and small molecules, concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume, and dry to obtain the fourth-grade Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; Step 5: Add concentrated NaOH solution to the Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extraction in step 4, extract at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours, neutralize the extract with hydrochloric acid, use a dialysis membrane with a cutoff of 3500 Da to remove salt and small molecules, concentrate under reduced pressure to a small volume, and obtain grade 5 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide after drying.

3. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The average mesh size of Ganoderma lucidum ultrafine powder is 500 mesh.

4. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The amount of solvent added is based on a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:20 to the initial Ganoderma lucidum.

5. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The extraction time in steps 1 to 4 is 3 to 4 hours.

6. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The amount of complex enzyme added in step 3 is 1%~5%.

7. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The extraction temperature in step 4 is 50°C to 100°C.

8. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The concentration of NaOH in step 5 is 1M~1.5M.

9. The method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that: The drying method in the above steps refers to reduced pressure drying, freeze drying, or spray drying.

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