Breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polyester materials, in particular to an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing polyester, an antibacterial filler, a flame retardant and an antioxidant, and extruding through a twin-screw extruder to obtain polyester master batches; s2, carrying out melt spinning on the polyester master batch in the step S1 to obtain a polyester fiber crude product; and S3, immersing the polyester fiber crude product in the step S2 in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution containing the modified carbon nanotubes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours, and then performing distillation and drying to obtain the polyester fiber material, and S4, carrying out double-layer weaving on the polyester fiber and natural fiber blended yarns in the step S3 to obtain the polyester fiber material. The polyester fiber material has excellent air and moisture permeability, and is comfortable and durable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polyester materials, and in particular to an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyester fiber, also known as "terylene," is a synthetic fiber made from polyester-based polymer compounds. Made from petrochemical products, it is produced through the polycondensation of organic dibasic acids and diols, then spun through a spinning process. Currently, it is one of the most produced and widely used synthetic fibers in the world, serving as a core material for the clothing, home textile, and industrial sectors. While traditional polyester fiber offers excellent mechanical properties, it suffers from poor breathability and prone to static electricity, limiting its long-term use. Furthermore, the clothing and home textile sectors place higher functional demands on polyester fiber: its poor breathability and moisture permeability can lead to moisture accumulation, creating a stuffy sensation during wear, impacting both comfort and usability.

[0003] In the prior art, invention patent CN118441397B discloses an anti-ultraviolet breathable polyester fiber fabric and a preparation method thereof. The polyester fiber fabric includes modified polyester fiber and natural fiber. The modified polyester fiber includes the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PET chips, 10-25 parts of anti-ultraviolet modifier, 3-8 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-5 parts of initiator, and 1-3 parts of cross-linking agent. The invention prepares the modified polyester fiber by combining aqueous solution polymerization and electrospinning technology. The added anti-ultraviolet modifier is copolymerized with hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The prepared fabric exhibits excellent air and moisture permeability. However, the coexisting hydroxyethyl methacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol in the system have poor compatibility in the PET system and are prone to phase separation, resulting in limited improvement in the moisture permeability of the polyester fiber fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention discloses a breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The polyester fiber material of the present invention has excellent breathable and moisture-permeable properties and is comfortable and durable.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, mixing polyester, antibacterial filler, flame retardant and antioxidant, and extruding through a twin-screw extruder to obtain polyester masterbatch;

[0008] S2, melt spinning the polyester masterbatch from step S1 to obtain a crude polyester fiber;

[0009] S3, immersing the crude polyester fiber obtained in step S2 in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing modified carbon nanotubes, dispersing the solution under ultrasonication for 1 to 2 hours, and then distilling and drying the solution to obtain polyester fiber;

[0010] S4. The polyester fiber obtained in step S3 is blended and spun with natural fibers, and then double-woven to obtain the polyester fiber material.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the proportions of the polyester, antibacterial filler, flame retardant, and antioxidant are as follows, in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyester, 3-8 parts of antibacterial filler, 1.5-2 parts of flame retardant, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polyester is polyester chips, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.645-0.685 dL / g.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antibacterial filler is nanosilver and / or nanozinc oxide.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant is a phosphorus-based flame retardant, more preferably triphenyl phosphate.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant, more preferably antioxidant 1010.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the mass fraction of the modified carbon nanotubes in the anhydrous ethanol solution is 10-18%.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps for preparing the modified carbon nanotubes are as follows:

[0018] (1) adding carbon nanotubes to a Tris-HCl buffer solution and dispersing them uniformly, then adding dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 6 to 10 hours, then adding polyethyleneimine and stirring for 2 to 4 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes;

[0019] (2) mixing octyltriethoxysilane and isopropyl alcohol, adding the pretreated carbon nanotubes from step (1), heating to 75-80° C., stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours, washing, and drying to obtain an intermediate product;

[0020] (3) The intermediate product of step (2) and polyethylene glycol are stirred and mixed until uniform, thereby obtaining the modified carbon nanotubes.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), the mass of the carbon nanotubes is 2-5% of the volume of the Tris-HCl buffer.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), the mass ratio of the carbon nanotubes, dopamine hydrochloride and polyethyleneimine is 1:(0.15-0.4):(0.1-0.3).

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), the mass ratio of octyltriethoxysilane to pretreated carbon nanotubes is (0.3-0.5):1.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), the mass ratio of the intermediate product to polyethylene glycol is 1:(5-6).

[0025] Preferably, the pH of the Tris-HCl buffer is 7.5, and it can be prepared according to steps well known to those skilled in the art.

[0026] The present invention deposits dopamine hydrochloride on the surface of carbon nanotubes, covalently bonds with polyethyleneimine to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes, introduces octyltriethoxysilane on the surface of the carbon nanotubes, and then mixes with polyethylene glycol to obtain modified carbon nanotubes. The modified carbon nanotubes are used to immerse crude polyester fibers for post-treatment, further improving the air and moisture permeability of the material.

[0027] The applicant has found that the modified carbon nanotubes prepared by the present invention have excellent compatibility, avoiding insufficient modification effect caused by agglomeration of nanoparticles; on the other hand, during the post-immersion treatment process, the active groups rich in modified carbon nanotubes may further improve the deposition stability of the nanoparticles through chemical reactions with residual hydroxyl groups on the surface of the polyester fiber crude product, so that the nanoparticles construct a certain micro-nano pore structure on the surface of the polyester fiber crude product, thereby improving the moisture permeability of the material. At the same time, while the hydrophobic chain segments form a barrier through surface coverage to reduce surface tension, the hydrophobicity of the material is further synergistically enhanced, reducing the problem of the material being affected by sweat retention during use, resulting in the growth of adsorbed bacteria and thus endangering health.

[0028] On the other hand, the good permeability of polyethylene glycol also inhibits the further expansion of the micro-nano pore structure of nanoparticles to a certain extent, so that the formed micro-nano pore structure is in balance, ensuring the air permeability of the polyester fiber material. It can also promote the formation of water molecule transmission channels, which is beneficial to enhancing moisture permeability; at the same time, it also gives the modified carbon nanotubes a certain external toughening effect, increasing the durability of the material.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding speed of the twin-screw extruder is 20-30 rpm, and the extrusion temperature is 230-250°C.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 200-250°C, the spinning speed is 1000-2000 m / min, and the fiber is obtained. The fiber is then placed at 30-40°C for 0.5-1.5 hours, and then stretched at 60-70°C, with a stretching ratio of 1.5-2.5 times.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the polyester fiber to the natural fiber is 85-90%:10-15%.

[0032] Preferably, the natural fiber is cotton fiber.

[0033] Preferably, the parameters of the double-layer weaving are: the warp density of the grey cloth is 26 strands / cm, the weft density is 21 strands / cm, and the cotton fiber fineness is 148×2dtex.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention also provides a breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material obtained by the above technical solution.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The polyester fiber material of the present invention is prepared by mixing polyester, antibacterial filler, flame retardant and antioxidant to obtain polyester masterbatch, and then obtaining polyester fiber crude product by melt spinning. The polyester fiber material obtained by surface immersion treatment and blending with natural fiber has excellent air permeability and moisture permeability, and is comfortable and durable.

[0037] (2) The present invention deposits dopamine hydrochloride on the surface of carbon nanotubes, covalently bonds with polyethyleneimine to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes, introduces octyltriethoxysilane on the surface of the carbon nanotubes, and then mixes with polyethylene glycol to obtain modified carbon nanotubes. The modified carbon nanotubes are used to immerse the polyester fiber crude product, thereby improving the air and moisture permeability of the material and reducing the problem of the material being affected by sweat retention during use, which leads to the growth of adsorbed bacteria and thus endangers health.

[0038] (3) The polyethylene glycol added in the present invention also inhibits the further expansion of the micro-nano pore structure of the nanoparticles to a certain extent, so that the formed micro-nano pore structure is in balance, ensuring the air permeability of the polyester fiber material. It can also promote the formation of water molecule transmission channels, which is beneficial to enhancing moisture permeability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following examples are examples of the present invention and are only used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. At the same time, all professional terms mentioned below have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Other combinations and various improvements within the scope of the present invention can be made without departing from the gist or scope of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents used below can be easily obtained from commercial companies.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, the pH of the Tris-HCl buffer used below is 7.5 and can be prepared according to procedures familiar to those skilled in the art; the polyethyleneimine used is purchased from Jingzhou Yinjie Chemical Co., Ltd.; the polyethylene glycol used is PEG400; the polyester used is polyester chips with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.675 dL / g; the particle size of the nano-zinc oxide used is 20-30 nm; the diameter of the carbon nanotubes used is 30-50 nm and the length is 1-2 μm.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the post-processing steps such as "washing", "drying", "distillation" and "ultrasonic dispersion" used below are routine operations for those skilled in the art and can be selected according to actual operations.

[0043] Preparation Example 1

[0044] The preparation steps of modified carbon nanotubes are as follows:

[0045] (1) 10 g of carbon nanotubes were added to 340 mL of Tris-HCl buffer and dispersed uniformly, followed by the addition of 3 g of dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 8 h, followed by the addition of 2 g of polyethyleneimine and stirring for 3 h. The pretreated carbon nanotubes were obtained after washing and drying.

[0046] (2) 4 g of octyltriethoxysilane and 20 mL of isopropanol were mixed, and 10 g of the pretreated carbon nanotubes from step (1) were added, the temperature was raised to 77° C., and the mixture was stirred for 4 h. The intermediate product was obtained by washing and drying.

[0047] (3) 1 g of the intermediate product of step (2) and 5.5 g of polyethylene glycol were stirred and mixed until uniform, thereby obtaining modified carbon nanotubes.

[0048] Preparation Example 2

[0049] The preparation steps of the modified carbon nanotubes are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the amount of dopamine hydrochloride added in step (1) is 4.5 g.

[0050] Preparation Example 3

[0051] The preparation steps of modified carbon nanotubes are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the amount of polyethyleneimine added in step (1) is 3.5 g.

[0052] Preparation Example 4

[0053] The preparation steps of modified carbon nanotubes are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the amount of octyltriethoxysilane added in step (2) is 5.5 g.

[0054] Preparation Example 5

[0055] The preparation steps of modified carbon nanotubes are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the amount of polyethylene glycol added in step (3) is 7 g.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1. Mix 90 parts of polyester, 5.5 parts of nano zinc oxide, 1.7 parts of triphenyl phosphate, and 1.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, by weight, and extrude through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 25 rpm and an extrusion temperature of 240° C. to obtain a polyester masterbatch;

[0059] S2. The polyester masterbatch prepared in step S1 is melt-spun to obtain a crude polyester fiber; the melt-spinning conditions are: a spinning temperature of 225° C. and a spinning speed of 1500 m / min to obtain a fiber, which is then placed at 35° C. for 1 hour and then drafted at 65° C. with a draft ratio of 2;

[0060] S3, immersing the crude polyester fiber from step S2 in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 15 wt% modified carbon nanotubes at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30, ultrasonically dispersing the solution for 1.5 h, and then distilling and drying the solution. The ultrasonic dispersion, distillation, and drying processes are repeated four times to obtain polyester fiber.

[0061] S4. The polyester fiber and cotton fiber obtained in step S3 are blended and spun at a mass ratio of 87:13, and double-layered (specifications of the grey cloth on the machine are warp density 26 strands / cm, weft density 21 strands / cm, and cotton fiber fineness 148×2 dtex) to obtain a polyester fiber material.

[0062] The modified carbon nanotubes used in this example are obtained from Preparation Example 1.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1. In parts by weight, 80 parts of polyester, 3 parts of nano zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of triphenyl phosphate, and 1 part of antioxidant 1010 were mixed, and the mixture was extruded through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 20 rpm and an extrusion temperature of 250° C. to obtain a polyester masterbatch;

[0066] S2. The polyester masterbatch obtained in step S1 is melt-spun to obtain a crude polyester fiber; the melt-spinning conditions are: a spinning temperature of 200° C. and a spinning speed of 2000 m / min to obtain a fiber, which is then placed at 30° C. for 1.5 hours and then drafted at 60° C. with a draft ratio of 2.5 times;

[0067] S3, immersing the crude polyester fiber from step S2 in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 10 wt% modified carbon nanotubes at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30, subjecting the solution to ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour, followed by distillation and drying, and repeating the ultrasonic dispersion, distillation, and drying processes four times to obtain polyester fiber;

[0068] S4. The polyester fiber and cotton fiber obtained in step S3 are blended and spun at a mass ratio of 85:15, and double-layered (specifications of the grey cloth on the machine are warp density 26 strands / cm, weft density 21 strands / cm, and cotton fiber fineness 148×2 dtex) to obtain a polyester fiber material.

[0069] The modified carbon nanotubes used in this example are obtained from Preparation Example 1.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] S1. In parts by weight, 100 parts of polyester, 8 parts of nano zinc oxide, 2 parts of triphenyl phosphate, and 2 parts of antioxidant 1010 were mixed, and the mixture was extruded through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 30 rpm and an extrusion temperature of 230° C. to obtain a polyester masterbatch;

[0072] S2. The polyester masterbatch obtained in step S1 is melt-spun to obtain a crude polyester fiber; the melt-spinning conditions are: a spinning temperature of 250° C. and a spinning speed of 1000 m / min to obtain a fiber, which is then placed at 40° C. for 0.5 h and then stretched at 70° C. with a stretch ratio of 1.5;

[0073] S3, immersing the crude polyester fiber from step S2 in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing 20 wt% modified carbon nanotubes at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30, ultrasonically dispersing the solution for 2 h, and then distilling and drying the solution. The ultrasonic dispersion, distillation, and drying processes are repeated four times to obtain polyester fiber.

[0074] S4. The polyester fiber and cotton fiber obtained in step S3 are blended and spun at a mass ratio of 90:10, and double-layer weaving is performed (specifications of the grey cloth on the machine are warp density 26 strands / cm, weft density 21 strands / cm, and cotton fiber fineness 148×2 dtex) to obtain a polyester fiber material.

[0075] The modified carbon nanotubes used in this example are obtained from Preparation Example 1.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material. The specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the modified carbon nanotubes used are obtained from Preparation Example 2.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material. The specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the modified carbon nanotubes used are obtained from Preparation Example 3.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material. The specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the modified carbon nanotubes used are obtained from Preparation Example 4.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material. The specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the modified carbon nanotubes used are obtained from Preparation Example 5.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material, the specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 1, except that an equal amount of carbon nanotubes is used to replace the modified carbon nanotubes.

[0086] Performance Testing

[0087] 1. Air permeability test: refer to the national standard GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics" for air permeability test;

[0088] 2. Moisture permeability test: The moisture permeability test was conducted in accordance with the national standard GB / T 12704.1-2009 “Test method for water vapor permeability of textile fabrics - Part 1: Moisture absorption method”.

[0089] The specific performance test results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1

[0091] project Air permeability (mm / s) <![CDATA[Water vapor transmission rate (g / (m 2 ·24h))]]> Example 1 87.3 9961 Example 2 85.7 9943 Example 3 88.2 9950 Example 4 84.0 9945 Example 5 81.0 9866 Example 6 85.8 9829 Example 7 85.4 9752 Comparative Example 1 62.2 7518

[0092] As can be seen from Table 1, the polyester fiber materials provided by Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have excellent air and moisture permeability.

[0093] By comparing Examples 4, 5, 6 and 7 with Example 1, it can be seen that when the addition ratios of dopamine hydrochloride, polyethyleneimine in step (1), octyltriethoxysilane in step (2) and polyethylene glycol in step (3) are changed respectively during the preparation of modified carbon nanotubes, the effect of the immersion post-treatment of the polyester fiber crude product will be reduced. Among them, Example 4 affects the preparation efficiency and dispersion compatibility of the modified carbon nanotubes; Example 5 may cause excessive cross-linking and thus affect the free volume inside the fiber system, which has different degrees of influence on the air permeability and moisture permeability of the polyester fiber; Example 6 reduces the agglomeration of carbon nanotubes and reduces their surface energy, but at the same time has an adverse effect on the moisture permeability; Example 7 may lead to the occurrence of a swelling blocking effect, and the dense network formed by excessive cross-linking may also hinder the diffusion of water molecules, which has a greater impact on the moisture permeability; By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that when the modified carbon nanotubes are replaced by an equal amount of carbon nanotubes, the comprehensive performance of the polyester fiber material is obviously insufficient and all show a decline.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material, the method comprising the following steps: S1, mixing polyester, antibacterial filler, flame retardant and antioxidant, and extruding through a twin-screw extruder to obtain polyester masterbatch; S2, melt spinning the polyester masterbatch from step S1 to obtain a crude polyester fiber; S3, immersing the crude polyester fiber obtained in step S2 in an anhydrous ethanol solution containing modified carbon nanotubes, dispersing the solution under ultrasonication for 1 to 2 hours, and then distilling and drying the solution to obtain polyester fiber; S4. The polyester fiber obtained in step S3 is blended and spun with natural fibers, and then double-woven to obtain the polyester fiber material.

2. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the proportions of the polyester, antibacterial filler, flame retardant and antioxidant are as follows, in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyester, 3-8 parts of antibacterial filler, 1.5-2 parts of flame retardant and 1-2 parts of antioxidant.

3. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polyester is polyester chips, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.645-0.685 dL / g.

4. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antibacterial filler is nano silver and / or nano zinc oxide.

5. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the modified carbon nanotubes are as follows: (1) adding carbon nanotubes to a Tris-HCl buffer solution and dispersing them uniformly, then adding dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 6 to 10 hours, then adding polyethyleneimine and stirring for 2 to 4 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes; (2) mixing octyltriethoxysilane and isopropyl alcohol, adding the pretreated carbon nanotubes from step (1), heating to 75-80° C., stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours, washing, and drying to obtain an intermediate product; (3) The intermediate product of step (2) and polyethylene glycol are stirred and mixed until uniform, thereby obtaining the modified carbon nanotubes.

6. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of the carbon nanotubes, dopamine hydrochloride and polyethyleneimine is 1:(0.15-0.4):(0.1-0.3).

7. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of octyltriethoxysilane to pretreated carbon nanotubes is (0.3-0.5):

1.

8. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of the intermediate product to polyethylene glycol is 1:(5-6).

9. The method for preparing the breathable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the mass ratio of the polyester fiber to the natural fiber is 85-90:10-15.

10. An air-permeable and moisture-permeable polyester fiber material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.