Large-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarns and a preparation method of the large-capacitance fabric, and belongs to the technical field of high-capacitance fabrics. The large-capacitance fabric is composed of metal fiber blended yarns, conventional yarns and conductive strips; metal fiber blended yarns and conventional yarns are respectively used as main weft yarns and warp yarns, and conductive strips are introduced into the warp yarns at fixed intervals. Wherein the metal fibers in the metal fiber blended yarns are uniformly and randomly arranged, after the two ends of the yarns are in contact with the conductive strips and voltage is applied, the conductive strips are in contact with the metal fibers in the yarns, so that a three-dimensional cylindrical interdigital electrode structure is formed between the metal fibers, and at the moment, a segmented yarn interdigital electrode structure is formed. And finally, the conductive strips with the same polarity in the fabric are connected, and voltage is applied between the positive and negative conductive strips, so that the multi-segment yarn interdigital electrode structure can be connected in parallel, and the overall fabric capacitance is improved. The large-volume fabric has the advantages of large capacitance, good flexibility and good air permeability, and is applicable to multiple occasions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-capacitance fabrics, and in particular to a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic waves, as carriers of energy and information, are increasingly being used in many fields. Electromagnetic pulses (EMPs), as transient electromagnetic waves, benefit humanity while also producing negative effects. They are characterized by high power, a wide spectrum, and high lethality. The strong currents they emit instantly generate strong electromagnetic fields, causing significant damage to humans and electronic equipment. Effective EMP protection methods primarily include shielding, filtering, limiting, and grounding. Shielding and filtering are key aspects of EMP protection. For example, increasing the dielectric constant and thus the dielectric loss of a material can attenuate electromagnetic waves. Alternatively, filtering can be achieved through the design of large-capacity capacitors, effectively preventing pulse waves in specific frequency bands from passing through. All of these actions essentially involve increasing capacitance.

[0003] Existing capacitors mainly include electrolytic capacitors, ceramic capacitors, film capacitors, and electrochemical capacitors. These capacitors have disadvantages such as large size, high manufacturing cost, complex manufacturing process, and poor mechanical flexibility, making them unsuitable for applications in flexible wearable textiles. Most importantly, it is difficult to achieve both flexibility and high capacitance. Therefore, given the above-mentioned shortcomings, providing a high-capacitance fabric with high flexibility and high capacitance that can be applied to electromagnetic pulse protection for large objects has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above technical problems to be solved by the present invention, the present invention provides a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to propose a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, wherein the high-capacitance fabric is composed of metal fiber blended yarn, conventional yarn and conductive strip interwoven; the high-capacitance fabric includes weft yarn and warp yarn; the weft yarn includes the metal fiber blended yarn and the conventional yarn; the weft yarn is mainly metal fiber blended yarn; the warp yarn includes conventional yarn and conductive strip, and the warp yarn is mainly conventional yarn; the conductive strip is composed of 1 to 10 conductive yarns; the conductive yarn is introduced into the warp yarn at a fixed interval; the high-capacitance fabric is formed by connecting the conductive strips of the same pole in sequence, and forming a width of L through a molding process. w , fabrics with a tissue structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the metal fiber blended yarn is one of metal fiber blended whiskers or metal fiber blended yarns; the total diameter d of the metal fiber blended yarn is 0.1 to 1 mm; the metal fiber blended yarn is composed of a metal fiber content of no more than 30% and a length of L m Metal fiber with a diameter of 38 to 51 mm and a length of L n It is a blend of conventional fibers with a diameter of 38 to 102 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the conventional yarn is a yarn that does not have conductive properties; the conventional yarn is at least one of cotton yarn, polyester yarn, wool yarn, linen yarn, spandex yarn, nylon yarn, acrylic yarn, and chemical fiber blended yarn.

[0008] Furthermore, the conductive yarn has an electrical conductivity greater than 10 6 S / m yarn; the conductive yarn is at least one of stainless steel yarn, copper-clad nickel yarn, and silver-plated conductive yarn.

[0009] Furthermore, the weft yarn is composed of at least one of the metal fiber blended yarn or the metal fiber blended yarn and the conventional yarn interlaced arrangement; the weft yarn arrangement density is 70 to 400 yarns / 10 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the warp yarns are composed of conventional yarns interspersed between the conductive strips; and the warp yarn arrangement density is 70 to 400 yarns / 10 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-capacitance fabric contains n conductive strips, where n is not less than 2; the conductive strip spacing is L; and the conductive strip spacing length L m <L<2L m The conductive strips include positive conductive strips or negative conductive strips; the positive conductive strips are S1 to S n-1 Any odd number in n, wherein n is a natural number; the negative electrode conductive strips are S2 to S n Any even number in, wherein n is a natural number; the manner in which the conductive strips of the same polarity are connected in sequence includes at least one of knotting, bonding, or clamping the shielded wire with an alligator clip.

[0012] Furthermore, the molding process includes at least one of weaving, non-woven, and knitting; the L w is not less than (n-1)×L; the tissue structure is at least one of plain weave, satin weave, twill weave, fiber cross-arrangement fiber mesh, weft plain needle, rib, double reverse, chain link, warp plain, warp satin, and heavy warp weave; the high-capacitance fabric is one of two-dimensional, two and a half-dimensional, or three-dimensional fabrics according to the spatial structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal fibers in the metal fiber blended yarn are untreated or insulated metal fibers; the untreated metal fibers include at least one of stainless steel fibers, copper fibers, aluminum fibers, iron-nickel fibers, and surface-silver-plated fibers; the insulated metal fibers include at least one of insulated stainless steel fibers, copper fibers, aluminum fibers, iron-nickel fibers, and surface-silver-plated fibers; the conventional fibers are dielectric fibers that do not have conductive properties, including at least one of polyester, nylon, polypropylene, vinylon, chloroprene, acrylic, spandex, cotton, and wool fibers.

[0014] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, including a woven molding preparation method, a non-woven molding preparation method or a knitted molding preparation method.

[0015] Woven forming preparation method:

[0016] S1, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain warp yarns after warping;

[0017] S2. Manually reeding the warp yarns after warping according to the warp yarn arrangement order to obtain reeded warp yarns;

[0018] S3. Using the metal fiber blended yarn as weft yarn, beating it sequentially into the reed warp yarn to prepare a fabric, thereby obtaining a high-capacitance fabric.

[0019] Nonwoven forming preparation method:

[0020] S21, opening the metal fiber blended yarn to a single fiber state through an opening machine to obtain metal fibers and conventional fibers in a single fiber state;

[0021] S22, laying the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn in parallel at a preset interval as a warp reinforcement structure, to obtain the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn regularly arranged in the warp direction;

[0022] S23, vertically cross-laying the metal fibers in a single fiber state and conventional fibers on the surface of the warp yarn layer through a cross-lapping machine to form a composite fiber web;

[0023] S24, reinforcing the composite fiber web with a needle loom to obtain a reinforced composite fiber web;

[0024] S25, drying the reinforced composite fiber web in an oven to obtain a high-capacitance nonwoven fabric.

[0025] Knitting forming preparation method:

[0026] S31, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain regularly arranged yarns;

[0027] S32, passing the regularly arranged yarns into a warp knitting machine to obtain regularly arranged yarns passed into the warp knitting machine;

[0028] S33, embedding the metal fiber blended yarn into the regularly arranged yarn inserted into the warp knitting machine in a weft insertion manner to obtain a high-capacitance fabric.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn and a preparation method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Compared with metal filament blended yarn, the metal fiber blended yarn used in the present invention is not easy to conduct in the weft direction, effectively utilizes the random distribution of internal metal fibers and constructs a three-dimensional interdigitated electrode structure, which has obvious advantages in the construction of high-capacitance large-area fabrics.

[0031] Furthermore, compared with fabrics with common interdigitated electrode structures or structures similar to parallel plate capacitors, the capacitance value of the high-capacitance fabric of the present invention is significantly improved.

[0032] Furthermore, the high-capacitance fabric structure described in the present invention can be flexibly designed. By adjusting the metal fiber content, weft yarn density, conductive strip spacing and number, and fabric size, fabrics of different sizes and capacitance characteristics can be obtained for different applications.

[0033] Furthermore, the high-capacitance fabric of the present invention has no limit on the weaving area and has great application value in electromagnetic pulse protection of large objects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a high-capacitance fabric test sample based on metal fiber blended yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 The general structure diagram of a large capacitance fabric test sample based on metal fiber blended yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; wherein, d is the diameter of the metal fiber blended yarn; L w , fabric width; L m , metal fiber length; L n , common fiber length, L, conductive strip spacing; S1, S3, S5...S n-1 , positive electrode conductive strip; S2, S4, S6...S n , negative electrode conductive strip;

[0036] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacitance fabric test sample based on alternating arrangement of metal fiber blended yarn and conventional yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitive fabric test sample with a common interdigital structure arrangement according to a comparative embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a capacitor fabric test sample structure with a common parallel plate structure according to a comparative embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 6 A graph showing the effect of the metal content of a weft yarn on the capacitance performance of a fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 7 A diagram showing the effect of weft yarn density on fabric capacitance performance according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 8 A diagram showing the effect of conductive strip spacing on fabric capacitance performance according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 9 A diagram showing the effect of the number of conductive strips on the capacitance performance of a fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 10 A diagram showing the effect of fabric size on fabric capacitance performance according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Among them, 1. conductive strip, 11. conductive yarn; 2. conventional yarn; 3. metal fiber blended yarn, 31. metal fiber, 32. conventional fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the present application in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present application and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0046] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means adopted are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials in the present invention are obtained from the market or other public channels.

[0047] The experimental materials and equipment involved in the present invention mainly include but are not limited to:

[0048] instrument:

[0049] Warping machine (SHGA215C sectional warping machine, Jiangyin Sifangji New Technology Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), loom (Y300S automatic rapier loom, Nantong Sansi Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd.), opening machine (DN-KS-500, Jiangsu Dingnuo Electromechanical Co., Ltd.), cross-lapper (Topliner, Autefa Nonwoven Machinery Technology (Wuxi) Co., Ltd.), needle punch (Stylus NL, Autefa Nonwoven Machinery Technology (Wuxi) Co., Ltd.), oven (TX-881-0, Suzhou Owen Oven Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), warp knitting machine (HKS2-SE, Karl Mayer China Co., Ltd.), LCR tester (HPS2810B, Changzhou Haierpa Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0050] The high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn and its preparation method described in the present invention mainly include the following technical principles:

[0051] Through the rational distribution of weft and warp yarns, a high-capacitance fabric was constructed, consisting of multiple parallel segmented yarn interdigitated electrode structures. The weft yarn is primarily composed of a metal fiber blended yarn, with uniformly and randomly arranged metal fibers. When conductive strips of appropriate length are interwoven at both ends of the metal fiber blended yarn and a voltage is applied, the metal fibers form an effective three-dimensional cylindrical random interdigitated electrode structure. Arranging multiple metal fiber blended yarns in sequence along the weft direction and adding conductive strips along the warp direction increases the number of parallel segments of the segmented yarn interdigitated electrode structure, thereby increasing the overall fabric capacitance. By assuming that the capacitance of the yarn interdigitated electrode in a given segment is uniformly denoted as C0, and a fabric containing n conductive strips and b weft yarns is considered, the overall fabric capacitance (C = b × (n-1) × C0) can be estimated.

[0052] Based on the above principles, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, including a woven, nonwoven, or knitted method. Furthermore, other feasible three-dimensional fabric preparation methods can be applied to the high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn described in the present invention.

[0053] Woven forming preparation method:

[0054] S1, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain warp yarns after warping;

[0055] S2. Manually reeding the warp yarns after warping according to the warp yarn arrangement order to obtain reeded warp yarns;

[0056] S3. Using the metal fiber blended yarn as weft yarn, beating it sequentially into the reed warp yarn to prepare a fabric, thereby obtaining a high-capacitance fabric.

[0057] Nonwoven forming preparation method:

[0058] S21, opening the metal fiber blended yarn to a single fiber state through an opening machine to obtain metal fibers and conventional fibers in a single fiber state;

[0059] S22, laying the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn in parallel at a preset interval as a warp reinforcement structure, to obtain the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn regularly arranged in the warp direction;

[0060] S23, vertically cross-laying the metal fibers in a single fiber state and conventional fibers on the surface of the warp yarn layer through a cross-lapping machine to form a composite fiber web;

[0061] S24, reinforcing the composite fiber web with a needle loom to obtain a reinforced composite fiber web;

[0062] S25, drying the reinforced composite fiber web in an oven to obtain a high-capacitance nonwoven fabric.

[0063] Knitting forming preparation method:

[0064] S31, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain regularly arranged yarns;

[0065] S32, passing the regularly arranged yarns into a warp knitting machine to obtain regularly arranged yarns passed into the warp knitting machine;

[0066] S33, embedding the metal fiber blended yarn into the regularly arranged yarn inserted into the warp knitting machine in a weft insertion manner to obtain a high-capacitance fabric.

[0067] In the high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn described in the present invention, the metal fibers inside the metal fiber blended yarn are arranged in the shape of forked fingers. When the two ends of the yarn are respectively in contact with the conductive strips and a voltage is applied, the conductive strips connect the metal fiber parts in the yarn, together forming a three-dimensional cylindrical forked electrode structure. Finally, the conductive strips of the same polarity in the fabric are connected to each other, and a voltage is applied between the two conductive strips of different polarity. This can realize the parallel connection of multiple segmented yarn forked electrode structures to increase the overall fabric capacitance. The resulting fabric has the advantages of high capacitance, good flexibility, and good air permeability, and is suitable for applications in many occasions.

[0068] In the prior art, the design of interdigital electrodes is mainly based on hard materials. For fiber / yarn capacitors, the main method is to arrange the processed yarns into a coaxial or twisted structure to achieve high capacitance, without detailed modeling and design of the internal fiber arrangement. For capacitive fabrics, most of them are simple parallel plate capacitor structures or ordinary structures of interdigital electrodes. The capacitance value of the fabric is limited by constructing the capacitive fabric through structural arrangement after the yarn is processed. The present invention adopts a high-capacitance fabric made of blended yarn containing metal fibers. The interdigital electrode structure is constructed by uniformly and orderly arranging the metal fibers inside the yarn in the early stage. The metal fiber blended yarn is then divided into several parts according to the specified length. The longitudinal conductive strips are arranged in sequence at the segment and the conductive strips of the same polarity are connected. After the conductive strips of different polarities are applied with voltage, the overall fabric capacitor is formed by the parallel combination of multiple yarn interdigital electrode structures, which can make the fabric obtain high capacitance performance and lay the foundation for large-area fabric materials with pulse protection and high energy storage.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The present invention proposes a test for the influence of weft yarn metal content on fabric capacitance performance.

[0071] Mainly include:

[0072] A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, the general structure diagram of which is shown as follows Figure 2 The specific overall structure diagram is shown as follows Figure 1 As shown, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2% and 4%, respectively, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, the number of conductive strips is 4, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the conductive strip spacing is 60 mm; finally, the weft yarn density is 220 cm / 10 and the warp yarn density is 236 cm / 10, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0073] result:

[0074] See also Figure 6 As the stainless steel fiber content in the metal fiber blended yarn increases, the fabric capacitance value effectively increases. When the stainless steel content is 4%, the capacitance value of the fabric is 3.49μF. It is confirmed that increasing the stainless steel fiber content can effectively reduce the spacing between stainless steel fibers in the yarn, effectively improving the capacitance value of the segmented yarn interdigitated electrode structure, and the parallel superposition method designed by the present invention can further improve the overall fabric capacitance. When the stainless steel fiber content increases from 2% to 4%, the total capacitance of the fabric increases by 111.52%, confirming that increasing the metal content of the weft yarn can improve the capacitance performance of the fabric.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] The present invention proposes an experiment on the influence of weft yarn density on the capacitance performance of fabric.

[0077] Mainly include:

[0078] A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, the overall structure diagram is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2%, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, the number of conductive strips is 4, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the conductive strip spacing is 60 mm; finally, the fabric is formed with a weft yarn density of 60, 110, and 220 cm / 10 roots and a warp yarn density of 236 cm / 10 roots, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0079] result:

[0080] See also Figure 7 As the weft yarn density increases, the fabric capacitance gradually increases. When the maximum weft yarn density is 220cm / 10 yarns, the fabric capacitance is 1.65μF. As the weft yarn density increases, the content of stainless steel fibers in the same area increases, resulting in a decrease in the spacing between stainless steel fibers, thereby increasing the capacitance value of the segmented yarn interdigitated electrode structure. The parallel superposition of yarns can further increase the overall fabric capacitance. When the weft yarn density increases from 60cm / 10 yarns to 220cm / 10 yarns, the fabric capacitance increases by 211.32%, confirming that high weft yarn density can effectively increase the capacitance of the fabric designed by the present invention.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The present invention proposes a test on the influence of conductive strip spacing on the capacitance performance of fabric.

[0083] Mainly include:

[0084] A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, the overall structure diagram is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2%, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, and the number of conductive strips is 4, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the spacing between the conductive strips is 50 and 60 mm respectively; finally, the weft yarn density is 220 cm / 10 and the warp yarn density is 236 cm / 10, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0085] result:

[0086] See also Figure 8As the spacing between conductive strips increases, the fabric capacitance decreases. When the spacing between conductive strips increases from 50mm to 60mm, the fabric capacitance drops from 3.54μF to 1.65μF, a decrease of 53.39%. As the spacing between conductive strips increases, the intersection length between stainless steel fibers in the weft yarn in contact with the conductive strips decreases, resulting in a decrease in the capacitance of the segmented yarn interdigitated electrode structure, and thus a decrease in the total capacitance of the fabric.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] The present invention proposes an experiment on the influence of the number of conductive strips on the capacitance performance of fabric.

[0089] Mainly include:

[0090] A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, the overall structure diagram is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2%, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, the number of conductive strips is 4 or 6, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the conductive strip spacing is 60 mm; finally, the weft yarn density is 220 cm / 10 and the warp yarn density is 236 cm / 10, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0091] result:

[0092] See also Figure 9 When the number of conductive strips increases from 4 to 6, the fabric capacitance increases from 1.65μF to 4.95μF, a 2% improvement. Within the same fabric area, the increase in the number of conductive strips and the number of yarn segments increases. The total fabric capacitance is obtained by the parallel superposition of the capacitance of the interdigitated electrode structures of each segmented yarn, thus achieving a higher capacitance value per unit area.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] The present invention proposes a test for the influence of fabric size on fabric capacitance performance.

[0095] Mainly include:

[0096] A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, the overall structure diagram is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2%, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, the number of conductive strips is 4, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the conductive strip spacing is 60 mm; finally, the weft yarn density is 220 cm / 10 and the warp yarn density is 236 cm / 10, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm and 50×100 cm.

[0097] result:

[0098] See also Figure 10 As fabric size increases, capacitance increases. When the fabric length increases from 50cm to 100cm, the fabric capacitance increases from 1.65 to 5.04, a 205.45% improvement, significantly boosting overall capacitance. Increasing fabric size is equivalent to increasing the number of weft yarns. This increase in weft yarns leads to an increase in the number of yarn segments. The total fabric capacitance is achieved by connecting the interdigitated electrode structures of each segment in parallel. Therefore, increasing fabric size can effectively increase fabric capacitance.

[0099] The above results show that by adjusting parameters such as the weft metal content, weft density, conductive strip spacing, number of conductive strips, and fabric size in the fabric, the fabric capacitance can be effectively adjusted, making it more suitable for applications under different conditions.

[0100] Comparative Example

[0101] The present invention proposes corresponding capacitance tests for different fabric structure designs to illustrate the significant performance of the high-capacitance fabric of the present invention.

[0102] Mainly include:

[0103] A high capacitance fabric based on alternating arrangement of metal fiber blended yarn and conventional yarn, the overall structure diagram is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the weft yarn is made of stainless steel / polyester blended yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a metal content of 2%, and ordinary cotton yarn interwoven in a 1:1 ratio, wherein the internal stainless steel fiber length is 38 mm; the warp yarn is made of polyester yarn, and the number of conductive strips is 4, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, and the conductive strip spacing is 60 mm; finally, the weft yarn density is 220 cm / 10 and the warp yarn density is 236 cm / 10, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0104] A capacitor fabric based on a common interdigital structure, the overall structure is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the weft yarn is formed by interweaving silver-plated filament yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm and ordinary cotton yarn in a 1:1 ratio. The warp yarn uses silver-plated filaments as conductive yarns at both ends of the fabric. The head end of the weft silver-plated filament overlaps the conductive yarn at the left end, and the end is 3 cm away from the conductive yarn at the right end. Finally, a fabric with a weft yarn density of 220 cm / 10 yarns and a warp yarn density of 236 cm / 10 yarns is formed. The overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0105] A capacitor fabric based on a common parallel plate structure, the overall structure is as follows Figure 5As shown, pure polyester fabric is used, two conductive strips are sewn at the edge of the fabric, the conductive strips are 48 cm apart, each conductive strip is composed of 4 silver-plated conductive yarns, the weft density is 220 cm / 10 yarns, the warp density is 236 cm / 10 yarns, and the overall fabric size is 50×50 cm.

[0106] result:

[0107] Please refer to Table 1. The test capacitance data show that the capacitance value of the capacitor fabric based on the metal fiber blended yarn designed by the present invention is the largest, followed by the large-capacitance fabric with alternating metal fiber blended yarn and conventional yarn. It is confirmed that the fabric design concept of the present invention can construct the largest number of forked finger pairs within the same fabric area, making full use of the metal fiber arrangement in the yarn to form multiple pairs of effective forked finger electrodes, and increasing the overall capacitance of the fabric through parallel superposition; while in the capacitor fabric with ordinary forked finger structure arrangement and the capacitor fabric with ordinary parallel plate structure, the number of constructed forked finger pairs gradually decreases, and the distance between the effective electrodes increases successively, resulting in a significant reduction in the capacitance of the fabric. Under the same area, the capacitance of the capacitor fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn is 10 higher than that of the capacitor fabric with ordinary parallel plate structure. 3 orders of magnitude, fully demonstrating the excellent performance of the fabric structure designed by the present invention in terms of large capacitance.

[0108] Table 1 Parameter list of examples and comparative examples

[0109]

[0110] It should be noted that the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, the elements defined by the phrase "comprises..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the elements.

[0111] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, characterized in that: The high-capacitance fabric is composed of metal fiber blended yarn, conventional yarn and conductive strips interwoven; The high capacitance fabric includes weft yarns and warp yarns; The weft yarn includes the metal fiber blended yarn and the conventional yarn; the weft yarn is mainly the metal fiber blended yarn; The warp yarns include conventional yarns and conductive strips, wherein the warp yarns are mainly conventional yarns; the conductive strips are composed of 1 to 10 conductive yarns; the conductive yarns are introduced into the warp yarns at fixed intervals; The large capacitance fabric is formed by sequentially connecting the conductive strips of the same polarity to form a fabric with a width of L through a molding process. w , fabrics with a tissue structure.

2. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal fiber blended yarn is one of metal fiber blended whiskers or metal fiber blended yarn; The total diameter d of the metal fiber blended yarn is 0.1 to 1 mm; The metal fiber blended yarn is composed of a metal fiber content not exceeding 30% and a length of L m Metal fiber with a diameter of 38 to 51 mm and a length of L n It is a blend of conventional fibers with a diameter of 38 to 102 mm.

3. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conventional yarn is a yarn without conductive properties; The conventional yarn is at least one of cotton yarn, polyester yarn, wool yarn, linen yarn, spandex yarn, nylon yarn, acrylic yarn, and chemical fiber blended yarn.

4. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive yarn has an electrical conductivity greater than 10 6 S / m yarn; The conductive yarn is at least one of stainless steel yarn, copper-clad nickel yarn, and silver-plated conductive yarn.

5. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weft yarn is composed of at least one of the metal fiber blended yarn or the metal fiber blended yarn and the conventional yarn interlaced arrangement; The weft yarn arrangement density is 70 to 400 yarns / 10 cm.

6. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warp yarn is composed of conventional yarns interspersed between the conductive strips; The warp yarn arrangement density is 70 to 400 yarns / 10 cm.

7. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-capacitance fabric contains n conductive strips in total, and n is not less than 2; The conductive strip interval is L; the conductive strip interval length L m <L<2L m ; The conductive strips include positive conductive strips or negative conductive strips; The positive electrode conductive strips are S1 to S n-1 Any odd number in n, wherein n is a natural number; the negative electrode conductive strips are S2 to S n Any even number in , wherein n is a natural number; The manner of sequentially connecting the conductive strips of the same polarity includes at least one of knotting, bonding, or clamping the shielded wire with an alligator clip.

8. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming process includes at least one of weaving, non-woven and knitting; The L w is not less than (n-1)×L; The weave structure is at least one of plain weave, satin weave, twill weave, fiber mesh with cross-weave arrangement, plain weave, rib weave, double-sided weave, chain weave, plain weave, satin weave, and heavy weave. The high-capacitance fabric is a two-dimensional, two-and-a-half-dimensional or three-dimensional fabric in terms of spatial structure.

9. The high capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal fibers in the metal fiber blended yarn are untreated or insulated metal fibers; The untreated metal fiber includes at least one of stainless steel fiber, copper fiber, aluminum fiber, iron-nickel fiber, and surface silver-plated fiber; The insulated metal fiber includes at least one of insulated stainless steel fiber, copper fiber, aluminum fiber, iron-nickel fiber, and silver-plated fiber; The conventional fibers are dielectric fibers without conductive properties, including at least one of polyester, nylon, polypropylene, vinylon, chloroprene, acrylic, spandex, cotton, and wool fibers.

10. A method for preparing a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn, characterized in that: A method for preparing a high-capacitance fabric based on metal fiber blended yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a weaving molding method, a non-woven molding method or a knitting molding method; The woven forming preparation method comprises: S1, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain warp yarns after warping; S2. Manually reeding the warp yarns after warping according to the warp yarn arrangement order to obtain reeded warp yarns; S3, using the metal fiber blended yarn as weft yarn, and beating it in sequence in the reeded warp yarn to prepare a fabric, thereby obtaining a high-capacitance fabric; The nonwoven forming preparation method comprises: S21, opening the metal fiber blended yarn to a single fiber state through an opening machine to obtain metal fibers and conventional fibers in a single fiber state; S22, laying the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn in parallel at a preset interval as a warp reinforcement structure, to obtain the conductive yarn and the conventional yarn regularly arranged in the warp direction; S23, vertically cross-laying the metal fibers in a single fiber state and conventional fibers on the surface of the warp yarn layer through a cross-lapping machine to form a composite fiber web; S24, reinforcing the composite fiber web with a needle loom to obtain a reinforced composite fiber web; S25, drying the reinforced composite fiber web in an oven to obtain a high-capacitance nonwoven fabric; The knitting forming preparation method comprises: S31, placing the conventional yarn and the conductive yarn into a warping machine for warping to obtain regularly arranged yarns; S32, passing the regularly arranged yarns into a warp knitting machine to obtain regularly arranged yarns passed into the warp knitting machine; S33, embedding the metal fiber blended yarn into the regularly arranged yarn inserted into the warp knitting machine in a weft insertion manner to obtain a high-capacitance fabric.

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