A flexible electrically heatable weft-knitted spacer fabric and a method for producing the same

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of electric heating material, and discloses a flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric and a preparation method thereof. The product comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer, a second planar knitted fabric layer and a spacer layer. The first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer. The conductive heating layer comprises a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a plurality of heating areas which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and all of them are tuck stitches. The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the heating areas are all knitted by using conductive yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive yarns used for knitting the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to the conductive yarns used for knitting the heating areas is not greater than 1 / 25000. The preparation method is as follows: using a flat knitting machine provided with two needle beds, and using three kinds of yarns to weave and prepare. The product has greatly improved heating uniformity, safety, reliability and durability, and the preparation method is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric heating materials, and in particular relates to a flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electric heating fabrics use a power source to control internal conductive heating elements, converting electrical energy into heat. Currently, a wide variety of electric heating fabrics are available on the market, used in clothing, healthcare, household goods, industrial and automotive applications. These include heated jackets, gloves, caps, socks, knee pads, neck braces, waist braces, blankets, heated cushions, heated car seats, and pipe insulation.

[0003] According to the heating method, there are currently two forms of electric heating fabrics: one is to use a conductive yarn to prepare electric heating fabric, and the conductive yarn acts as a conductive heating yarn to directly generate heat; the other is to use two conductive yarns to prepare electric heating fabric, one of which has a smaller resistance as a conductive electrode yarn, and the other has a larger resistance as a resistive heating yarn.

[0004] Electric heating fabrics made of conductive yarns are an earlier type of electric heating fabrics. The conductive yarns in this type of electric heating fabrics not only generate heat as a heating element, but also transmit electrical energy as a conductor. Therefore, metal wires or metal-plated yarns with low resistance are usually selected, such as stainless steel wires, alloy wires, or silver-plated yarns. For example, CN202322471270.8 discloses an electric heating fabric, which uses stainless steel wire as a conductive heating yarn and is woven into a weft-knitted fabric in parallel through weft insertion. CN201420576071.1 discloses a heating vest, in which the heating element is a plain fabric woven with nickel-chromium alloy wire as a conductive heating yarn. Reference 1 (Flexible heating fabrics with temperature perception based on fine copper wire and fusible interlining fabrics [J]. Measurement, 2018, 122: 192–200) reported the use of 0.1 mm diameter copper wire as conductive heating yarn. The copper wire was bonded in an S-shaped route between two layers of insulating fabric to prepare an electric heating fabric. Reference 2 (Preparation and Performance Research of Electric Heating Knitted Fabrics [J]. Knitting Industry, 2022(1): 23–26) reported the use of 0.1 mm diameter stainless steel wire as conductive heating yarn to weave a knitted rib structure electric heating fabric.

[0005] The above-mentioned electric heating fabric prepared by using a conductive yarn has the following deficiencies: (1) The metal wire and metal-plated yarn usually used in the conductive heating yarn have poor flexibility, resulting in poor elasticity, insufficient softness and comfort of the fabric, and the conductive yarn is prone to breakage after long-term use; (2) The conductive heating yarn is usually arranged at a large spacing in the fabric, and its area share and total length in the fabric are small, resulting in current concentration in the fabric, which is prone to local overheating and poses a serious safety hazard; (3) The surface temperature distribution of the fabric will be affected by the spacing of the conductive heating yarn, which is prone to unevenness.

[0006] Given the numerous drawbacks of single-conductor electric heating fabrics, a growing number of them are using a combination of conductive electrode yarn and resistive heating yarn. These fabrics use low-resistance conductive electrode yarn to transmit electrical energy and high-resistance resistive heating yarn to generate heat, resulting in improved current uniformity within the fabric and enhanced safety.

[0007] According to the preparation method, electric heating fabrics composed of conductive electrode yarn and resistive heating yarn can be divided into printing coating method and yarn introduction method.

[0008] The printing and coating method refers to printing a conductive paste on an insulating base fabric to form a conductive heating fabric. For example, CN202110495938.5 weaves metal wires into woven fabrics as conductive electrodes, and then prints conductive heating ink on the surface of the fabric to obtain an electric heating fabric. CN201910035537.4 prints conductive electrodes and resistive heating materials on socks and gloves to prepare socks and gloves with electric heating functions. CN201911366881.8 and CN201911366831.X print conductive silver paste on an insulating film to form an interdigitated electrode structure, and then prints a graphene heating coating between the electrodes, and encapsulates them to form a graphene heating sheet. CN201810306798.0 and CN202323456485.9 also disclose printed circuit electric heating fabrics with similar interdigitated structures.

[0009] Printing conductive paste on insulating fabric to form a heating circuit is a simple and low-cost method for preparing electric heating fabrics. However, electric heating fabrics prepared by the printing and coating method have the following shortcomings: (1) It is difficult to ensure uniform distribution of the paste during the printing and coating process, resulting in uneven heating; (2) The conductive electrode and the resistive heating paste have different material properties, which makes it difficult to stably and evenly print the resistive heating paste on the conductive electrode. It is difficult to form a stable electrical contact between the heating paste and the conductive electrode, resulting in high contact resistance, which easily forms heat concentration areas and hot spots, causing circuit burnout and insufficient safety; (3) The amount of paste used is large, causing environmental pollution; (4) The printed fabric circuit requires multi-layer composite packaging, which has poor flexibility and elasticity, is not moisture-permeable and breathable, and has poor fabric comfort.

[0010] The yarn introduction method uses embroidery, weaving, or knitting techniques to introduce conductive electrode yarn and resistive heating yarn into the fabric structure to form a conductive heating circuit. CN201920839669.8 uses embroidery to coat carbon fiber resistive heating yarn and conductive electrode yarn on the surface of clothing to produce heating clothing. CN202410622441.9 embroiders conductive electrode yarn on the surface of a non-woven fabric soaked in a graphene dispersion to produce a graphene-based electric heating fabric. CN202311575025.X uses copper-plated nickel-coated yarn with a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm as the conductive electrode yarn and nanocarbon yarn with a resistance of 400 Ω / cm as the resistive heating yarn to produce an electric heating woven fabric using weaving technology. CN202311624000.4 discloses a conductive heating woven fabric in which the conductive electrode yarn uses metal yarn with a resistance of 0.025 Ω / cm, and the resistive heating yarn uses carbon conductive yarn with a resistance of 600 Ω / cm. CN202411381011.9 discloses an electrically heated knitted fabric, in which the conductive electrode yarn uses silver-plated sewing thread with a resistance of 0.18 Ω / cm, and the resistance heating yarn uses carbon conductive yarn with a resistance of 100 Ω / cm.

[0011] The above-disclosed electric heating fabric prepared by the yarn introduction method and composed of conductive electrode yarn and resistive heating yarn has the advantages of light weight, good air permeability and softness, but also has the following shortcomings: (1) The conductive electrode yarn and the resistive heating yarn are in discrete point contact, with a small contact area and large contact resistance, resulting in uneven heating, easy circuit failure and insufficient safety. (2) The minimum resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistive heating yarn is only 1 / 24000, and the resistance difference is small. Slippage is easy to occur between the yarns, resulting in large fluctuations in contact resistance, further reducing circuit stability and safety, as well as heating uniformity. (3) The heating area is a two-dimensional single-layer structure, and the density and total volume of the resistive heating yarn per unit area are small, resulting in a high current density in the fabric during heating, insufficient safety, and the two-dimensional surface heating mode causes local uneven heating and poor heating stability.

[0012] Therefore, it is urgent to study a flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric that takes into account comfort, safety and heating uniformity to solve the problems existing in the existing technology, which is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0013] In view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0015] A flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer;

[0016] The conductive heating layer includes a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode that are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode; the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode both have a comb-like structure;

[0017] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the heating area are all tuck structures;

[0018] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is not greater than 1 / 25000.

[0019] The conductive electrode yarns in adjacent horizontal rows, the resistance heating yarns, and the conductive electrode yarns and the resistance heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops.

[0020] In the prior art, the conductive electrode yarn and the resistance heating yarn are in point contact, with a small contact area and a large contact resistance. If a smaller resistance ratio is used, the contact resistance will be even greater, resulting in too little current in the resistance heating yarn, and insufficient heat generation to achieve the desired heating effect. In the present invention, the conductive electrode yarn and the resistance heating yarn are in loop line contact, with a large contact area, thus significantly reducing the contact resistance. At the same time, the present invention generates heat in a three-dimensional volume, with a large number of resistance heating yarns per unit area and a large cumulative amount of heat. Therefore, the resistance heating yarn only needs to pass a small current to generate a large amount of heat in the fabric, and the resistance of the heating yarn can be further increased. The above two reasons enable the present invention to adopt a resistance ratio far lower than that of the prior art.

[0021] As the preferred technical solution:

[0022] In the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric as described above, the first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt strips and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0023] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connected to the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0024] The number of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips is equal, and they are staggered with each other (one first conductive electrode shunt strip and one second conductive electrode shunt strip constitute a group of positive and negative electrodes, and the positive electrodes and negative electrodes are staggered), forming a comb-like interdigitated structure.

[0025] In the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric as described above, the multiple heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strip and the second conductive electrode shunt strip, and are separated by the first conductive electrode shunt strip and the second conductive electrode shunt strip.

[0026] In the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric as described above, the structure of the insulating layer is one or more of a plain stitch, a variable plain stitch or a single jacquard stitch.

[0027] In the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric described above, the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are 1 to 10 mm.

[0028] As described above, in the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric, the first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the side of the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2~2 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the side of the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2~2 mm.

[0029] In the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric as described above, the distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 2 to 20 mm; and the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 0.5 to 3 mm.

[0030] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric as described above has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm.

[0031] In the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric as described above, the conductive electrode yarn is one of metal conductive yarn, carbon-based conductive yarn, conductive polymer yarn and conductive material-plated yarn, and the resistance of the conductive electrode yarn is 0.01-1 Ω / cm.

[0032] In the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric as described above, the resistance heating yarn is one of metal conductive yarn, carbon-based conductive yarn, conductive polymer yarn and conductive material-plated yarn, and the resistance of the resistance heating yarn is 1000-1000000 Ω / cm.

[0033] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric as described above, wherein the insulating layer is woven with insulating yarn, and the insulating yarn is one or more of cotton, wool, silk, linen, polyester, nylon, acrylic, chloroprene, chloroprene, polypropylene, vinylon, spandex, glass fiber, aramid, polyimide fiber, acrylic pre-oxidized yarn, viscose, Tencel, lyocell, modal, acetate fiber and cuproammonia fiber.

[0034] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric as described in any one of the above items, wherein the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is knitted using three types of yarns, wherein the three types of yarns are conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn, and insulating yarn.

[0035] The flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is knitted using a flat knitting machine equipped with two needle beds, and the knitting process is as follows:

[0036] 1) The insulating yarn is knitted into one insulating row on the first needle bed;

[0037] 2) The conductive electrode yarn is drawn out from the left first conductive electrode bus bar area and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0038] 3) The insulating yarn is knitted into an insulating row on the second needle bed;

[0039] 4) The conductive electrode yarn is again drawn out from the left first conductive electrode bus bar area and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0040] 5) Repeating steps 1) to 4) or not, depending on the designed width of the first conductive electrode shunt strip, the purpose of repeating is to increase the width of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0041] 6) The insulating yarn is knitted on the first needle bed for the next insulating row;

[0042] 7) The resistance heating yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form a first row of the resistance heating yarn;

[0043] 8) The insulating yarn is knitted on the second needle bed for the next insulating row;

[0044] 9) The resistance heating yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form a second row of the resistance heating yarn;

[0045] 10) Repeat steps 6) to 9) according to the design to increase the width of the heating area;

[0046] 11) The insulating yarn is knitted on the first needle bed for the next insulating row;

[0047] 12) The conductive electrode yarn is led out from the second conductive electrode bus bar area on the right side, and is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0048] 13) The insulating yarn knits the next insulating row on the second needle bed;

[0049] 14) The conductive electrode yarn is again drawn out from the second conductive electrode bus bar area on the right side, and is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, thereby forming a second row of conductive electrode yarn for the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0050] 15) Repeating steps 11) to 14) or not, depending on the designed width of the second conductive electrode shunt strip, the purpose of repeating is to increase the width of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0051] 16) Repeat steps 6) to 10) until the next heating area is knitted.

[0052] 17) Repeat steps 1) to 16) until the fabric reaches the designed length, thereby completing the weaving of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0053] Beneficial effects:

[0054] (1) The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric proposed in the present invention has achieved a fundamental upgrade in its heating dimension compared to the existing two-dimensional single-layer electric heating fabric: the existing technology adopts a two-dimensional plane structure, which can only achieve surface heating, resulting in heat distribution limited to a single plane, which is prone to forming thermal gradients and local overheating; while the three-dimensional spacer structure of the present invention uses a three-dimensional weaving process to construct a multi-level conductive heating network in the thickness direction of the fabric, forming a three-dimensional heating system that runs through the thickness of the fabric. This three-dimensional heating mode has two technical advantages: first, by optimizing the yarn density in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional structure, the density and total volume of the resistive heating yarn per unit area are greatly improved compared with the two-dimensional structure, thereby greatly reducing the current density in the fabric during heating; second, the three-dimensional conductive heating network breaks through the physical limitation of lateral heat diffusion in the two-dimensional structure by reconstructing the spatial heat conduction path. Heat can be three-dimensionally conducted along the thickness direction of the fabric. Combined with the air convection channel formed by the spacer layer, the surface temperature uniformity is greatly improved, eliminating the local overheating phenomenon; the innovative structural design of the present invention not only improves the heating uniformity of the electric heating fabric, but also greatly improves the safety of the product by reducing the current density.

[0055] (2) The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric of the present invention adopts a tucking process to structurally connect the conductive electrode yarn and the resistive heating yarn, and realizes a firm binding through the insulating yarn coil to construct a stable three-dimensional electric heating system; compared with the discrete point contact mode of the conductive electrode yarn and the resistive heating yarn in the existing electric heating fabric, the present invention realizes continuous line contact between the conductive electrode yarn and the resistive heating yarn through the tucking structure, greatly increases the electrical contact area, significantly reduces the contact resistance, and significantly improves the contact stability; the innovative structural design of the present invention effectively solves the problems of local overheating, abnormal energy consumption, and insufficient safety caused by poor contact in traditional electric heating fabrics.

[0056] (3) The present invention provides a method for preparing a flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric. In the conductive material system, a conductive yarn with high resistance characteristics is selected as the core heating element (resistance heating yarn), and a low-resistance conductive electrode yarn is configured to form a composite system. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is not greater than 1 / 25000. By constructing a significant resistance difference of more than four orders of magnitude and coordinating the sufficient contact interface achieved by the weft-knitted loop structure, the instability of the contact resistance can be effectively reduced. This design scheme based on the coordinated optimization of the intrinsic properties of the material and the structure greatly improves the heating stability, safety and working reliability of the electrically heated fabric during the continuous heating process.

[0057] (4) The flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of the present application can be designed according to the requirements of different application scenarios, and is directly integrated into the final product through the intarsia knitting technology, such as electric heating coat, electric heating gloves, electric heating cap, electric heating socks, electric heating knee pads, electric heating neck pads, electric heating waist pads, electric heating blanket, heating cushion, car heating seat, and pipeline heat preservation material.

[0058] (5) The preparation method of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of the present application adopts industrialized knitting equipment for knitting, and the insulating layer and the conductive heating layer are integrally knitted at one time, without the need for insulating packaging, so that the process is simple, the production efficiency is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrialized production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 The structure exploded view of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric proposed by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0060] Figure 2 The structure of the conductive heating layer in the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric proposed by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0061] Figure 3 The structure of the conductive electrode yarn and the resistance heating yarn in the conductive heating layer of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric proposed by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0062] Figure 4 The knitting structure of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of Example 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0063] Figure 5 And 6 The knitting structure exploded view of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of Example 1 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0064] Figure 7 The resistance change curve of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of Examples 1-6 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0065] Figure 8 The temperature change curve of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of Examples 1-6 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0066] Figure 9 The two-dimensional infrared heating temperature graph of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric of Examples 1-6 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0067] Among them, 1 is the first planar knitted fabric layer; 2 is the second planar knitted fabric layer; 3 is the first conductive electrode; 3-1 is the first conductive electrode shunt bar; 3-2 is the first conductive electrode bus bar; 4 is the second conductive electrode; 4-1 is the second conductive electrode shunt bar; 4-2 is the second conductive electrode bus bar; 5 is the heating area; 6-1 is the first horizontal row of conductive electrode yarn; 6-2 is the second horizontal row of conductive electrode yarn; 7-1 is the first horizontal row of resistive heating yarn; 7-2 is the second horizontal row of resistive heating yarn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used in limiting the scope of the present invention.In addition, should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall equally within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric, such as Figure 1 、 Figures 4-6 As shown, the fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer 1 and a second planar knitted fabric layer 2, which are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer 1 and the second planar knitted fabric layer 2 are insulating layers, and the structure of the insulating layers is a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the structure of the conductive heating layer is a tucked loop structure;

[0071] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode 3 and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode 4 which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas 5 separated by the first conductive electrode 3 and the second conductive electrode 4;

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the first conductive electrode 3 is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars 3-1 and a first conductive electrode bus bar 3-2 connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0073] The second conductive electrode 4 is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars 4-1 and a second conductive electrode bus bar 4-2 connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0074] The number of first conductive electrode shunt bars 3-1 and second conductive electrode shunt bars 4-1 is equal and they are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas 5 are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt bars 3-1 and the second conductive electrode shunt bars 4-1;

[0075] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar 3-1 faces the second conductive electrode bus bar 4-2 but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar 4-1 faces the first conductive electrode bus bar 3-2 but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar 3-1 and the second conductive electrode bus bar 4-2, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar 4-1 and the first conductive electrode bus bar 3-2 are both 6 mm;

[0076] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0077] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips 3-1 and second conductive electrode shunt strips 4-1, i.e., the width of a single heating area 5, is 4 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0078] The first conductive electrode 3, the second conductive electrode 4 and the heating area 5 are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode 3 and the second conductive electrode 4 are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area 5 are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, the conductive electrode yarn includes a first row 6-1 of conductive electrode yarn and a second row 6-2 of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn includes a first row 7-1 of resistive heating yarn and a second row 7-2 of resistive heating yarn;

[0080] The adjacent first row 6-1 of conductive electrode yarn and the second row 6-2 of conductive electrode yarn, the first row 7-1 of resistance heating yarn and the second row 7-2 of resistance heating yarn, the first row 6-1 of conductive electrode yarn and the second row 7-2 of resistance heating yarn, and the second row 6-2 of conductive electrode yarn and the first row 7-1 of resistance heating yarn are all connected by tuck loops;

[0081] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 3.8 mm.

[0082] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0083] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0084] Insulation yarn I: high elastic polyester, linear density 300 D;

[0085] Insulation yarn II: Nylon / spandex double covered yarn, the core yarn is spandex with a linear density of 140D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both nylon with a linear density of 70D;

[0086] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0087] Resistive heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 320 D, resistance 300,000 Ω / cm.

[0088] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0089] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0090] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0091] The weaving process is:

[0092] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0093] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0094] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0095] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0096] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0097] 6) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0098] 7) Yarns A and B on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating course in plain purl stitch;

[0099] 8) Yarn D in the knitting area between the first and second conductive electrode bus bars, knitting alternately on the first and second needle beds in 4-needle tuck stitch, forming the second course of resistive heating yarn;

[0100] 9) Repeat knitting steps 5) through 8) four times, increasing the width of the heating area;

[0101] 10) Yarns A and B on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating course in plain purl stitch;

[0102] 11) Yarn E from the right side second conductive electrode bus bar knitting area, knitting alternately on the first and second needle beds in 4-needle tuck stitch in the knitting area between the first and second conductive electrode bus bars, forming the first course of conductive electrode yarn for the second conductive electrode bus bar;

[0103] 12) Yarns F and G on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course in plain purl stitch;

[0104] 13) Yarn E from the right side second conductive electrode bus bar knitting area, knitting alternately on the first and second needle beds in 4-needle tuck stitch in the knitting area between the first and second conductive electrode bus bars, forming the second course of conductive electrode yarn for the second conductive electrode bus bar;

[0105] 14) Yarns A and B on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating course in plain purl stitch;

[0106] 15) Yarn D in the knitting area between the first and second conductive electrode bus bars, knitting alternately on the first and second needle beds in 4-needle tuck stitch, forming the first course of resistive heating yarn;

[0107] 16) Yarns F and G on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course in plain purl stitch;

[0108] 17) Yarn D in the knitting area between the first and second conductive electrode bus bars, knitting alternately on the first and second needle beds in 4-needle tuck stitch, forming the second course of resistive heating yarn;

[0109] 18) Repeat knitting steps 14) through 17) four times, increasing the width of the heating area;

[0110] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0111] The woven flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours under a temperature (20 ± 2℃) and relative humidity (65 ± 2%) environment. Then, a voltage of 10 V was applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0112] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 2, within 60 minutes of power on, its resistance is stable at 52 Ω. Figure 8 and 9 As shown in the figure, the temperature of the fabric rises rapidly within 1 minute after the power is turned on, and then the temperature rises slowly to the equilibrium temperature. After 60 minutes of power-on, its surface temperature is 37.5℃.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0115] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0116] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0117] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0118] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0119] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0120] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0121] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 3 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0122] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0123] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0124] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0125] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 3.8 mm.

[0126] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0127] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0128] Insulation yarn I: high elastic polyester, linear density 300 D;

[0129] Insulation yarn II: Nylon / spandex double covered yarn, the core yarn is spandex with a linear density of 140D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both nylon with a linear density of 70D;

[0130] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0131] Resistive heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 320 D, resistance 300,000 Ω / cm.

[0132] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0133] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0134] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0135] The weaving process is:

[0136] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0137] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0138] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0139] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0140] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0141] 6) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0142] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0143] 8) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar using a tuck stitch pattern with 4 needles at intervals to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0144] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) three times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0145] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0146] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0147] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0148] 13) The yarn feeder E is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0149] 14) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0150] 15) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0151] 16) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0152] 17) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0153] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) three times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0154] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0155] The woven flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours under a temperature (20 ± 2℃) and relative humidity (65 ± 2%) environment. Then, a voltage of 10 V was applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0156] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 2, within 60 minutes of power on, its resistance is stable at 32 Ω. Figure 8 and 9 As shown in the figure, the fabric temperature rises rapidly within 1 minute after the power is turned on, and then the temperature rises slowly to the equilibrium temperature. After 60 minutes of power-on, its surface temperature is 45.0℃.

[0157] Example 3

[0158] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0159] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0160] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0161] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0162] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0163] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0164] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0165] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 5 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0166] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0167] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0168] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0169] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 3.8 mm.

[0170] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0171] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0172] Insulation yarn I: high elastic polyester, linear density 300 D;

[0173] Insulation yarn II: Nylon / spandex double covered yarn, the core yarn is spandex with a linear density of 140D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both nylon with a linear density of 70D;

[0174] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0175] Resistive heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 320 D, resistance 300,000 Ω / cm.

[0176] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0177] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0178] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0179] The weaving process is:

[0180] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0181] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0182] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0183] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0184] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0185] 6) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0186] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0187] 8) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar using a tuck stitch pattern with 4 needles at intervals to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0188] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) five times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0189] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0190] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0191] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0192] 13) The yarn feeder E is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0193] 14) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0194] 15) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0195] 16) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0196] 17) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0197] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) five times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0198] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0199] The woven flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours under a temperature (20 ± 2℃) and relative humidity (65 ± 2%) environment. Then, a voltage of 10 V was applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0200] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 2, within 60 minutes of power on, its resistance is stable at 70.5 Ω. Figure 8 and9 As shown in the figure, the temperature of the fabric rises rapidly within 1 minute after the power is turned on, and then the temperature rises slowly to the equilibrium temperature. After 60 minutes of power-on, its surface temperature is 35.6℃.

[0201] Example 4

[0202] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0203] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0204] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0205] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0206] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0207] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0208] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0209] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 6 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0210] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0211] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0212] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0213] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 3.8 mm.

[0214] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0215] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0216] Insulation yarn I: high elastic polyester, linear density 300 D;

[0217] Insulation yarn II: Nylon / spandex double covered yarn, the core yarn is spandex with a linear density of 140D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both nylon with a linear density of 70D;

[0218] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0219] Resistive heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 320 D, resistance 300,000 Ω / cm.

[0220] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0221] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0222] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0223] The weaving process is:

[0224] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0225] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0226] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0227] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 4 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0228] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0229] 6) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 4-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0230] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0231] 8) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar using a tuck stitch pattern with 4 needles at intervals to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0232] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) 6 times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0233] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0234] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 4 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0235] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0236] 13) Yarn needle E is drawn out from the right second conductive electrode bus bar knitting area again, knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the form of 4-ply tuck between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, to form the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode bus bar;

[0237] 14) Yarn needles A and B are knitted on the first needle bed in the form of plain knitting, to form the next row of insulating yarn;

[0238] 15) Yarn needle D is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the form of 4-ply tuck between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, to form the first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0239] 16) Yarn needles F and G are knitted on the second needle bed in the form of plain knitting, to form the next row of insulating yarn;

[0240] 17) Yarn needle D is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the form of 4-ply tuck between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, to form the second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0241] 18) Repeat knitting steps 14)~17) for 6 times, to increase the width of the heating area;

[0242] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1)~18) for 12 times, to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric.

[0243] After the completion of the knitting, the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric is placed in an environment with a temperature of (20 ± 2℃) and a relative humidity of (65 ± 2%), and is allowed to relax for 24 hours. Then, a voltage of 10 V is applied to the fabric, the resistance of the fabric is measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric is measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0244] As shown in Figure 7 , the resistance of the fabric is stable at 92 Ω within 60 min of power-on; as shown in Figure 8 and 9 , the temperature of the fabric rises rapidly within 1 min of the start of power-on, and then rises slowly to an equilibrium temperature, which is 34.3℃ at 60 min of power-on.

[0245] Example 5

[0246] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0247] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0248] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0249] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0250] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0251] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0252] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0253] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 4 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0254] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0255] The conductive electrode yarns comprise a conductive electrode yarn first course and a conductive electrode yarn second course, and the resistance heating yarns comprise a resistance heating yarn first course and a resistance heating yarn second course;

[0256] The adjacent conductive electrode yarn first course and the conductive electrode yarn second course, the resistance heating yarn first course and the resistance heating yarn second course, the conductive electrode yarn first course and the resistance heating yarn second course, and the conductive electrode yarn second course and the resistance heating yarn first course are connected by tuck stitches;

[0257] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric is 4.1 mm.

[0258] The flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric is knitted by three kinds of yarns, namely, the conductive electrode yarn, the resistance heating yarn and the insulating yarn, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0259] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0260] The insulating yarn I is high-elastic polyester with a linear density of 300 D;

[0261] The insulating yarn II is a double-covered yarn of polyamide and nylon, the core yarn is nylon with a linear density of 140 D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both polyamide with a linear density of 70 D;

[0262] The conductive electrode yarn is 7 copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm, and the resistance is 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0263] The resistance heating yarn is polyester core-sheath conductive elastic yarn, the manufacturer is Beijing Carbon Sunshine Technology Co., Ltd., the linear density is 320 D, and the resistance is 300000 Ω / cm.

[0264] (2) Knitting of the flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric:

[0265] A 14-needle computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds is used for knitting, and the threading mode is as follows:

[0266] Seven yarn mouths are used for knitting, the first yarn mouth A threads the insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B threads the insulating yarn II and is set as the tacking yarn mouth of the yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C threads the conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D threads the resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E threads the conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F threads the insulating yarn I; and the seventh yarn mouth G threads the insulating yarn II and is set as the tacking yarn mouth of the yarn mouth F.

[0267] The knitting process is as follows:

[0268] 1) Yarn mouths A and B are used to knit an insulating course in the first needle bed with plain tacking stitch;

[0269] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch manner with an interval of 6 needles to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0270] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0271] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed with 6-needle tucks to form the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0272] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0273] 6) The yarn feeder D alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar using 6-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0274] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0275] 8) The yarn feeder D alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 6-needle tucks to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0276] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) four times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0277] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0278] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 6 needles to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0279] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0280] 13) The yarn feeder E is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 6 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0281] 14) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0282] 15) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 6-needle tucks to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0283] 16) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0284] 17) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar with 6-needle tucks to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0285] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) 4 times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0286] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0287] The woven flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours under a temperature (20 ± 2℃) and relative humidity (65 ± 2%) environment. Then, a voltage of 10 V was applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0288] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 2, within 60 minutes of power on, its resistance is stable at 64 Ω. Figure 8 and 9 As shown in the figure, the temperature of the fabric rises rapidly within 1 minute after the power is turned on, and then the temperature rises slowly to the equilibrium temperature. After 60 minutes of power-on, its surface temperature is 37.3℃.

[0289] Example 6

[0290] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0291] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0292] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0293] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0294] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0295] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0296] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0297] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 4 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.2 mm;

[0298] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 6000000.

[0299] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0300] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0301] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 4.4 mm.

[0302] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0303] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0304] Insulation yarn I: high elastic polyester, linear density 300 D;

[0305] Insulation yarn II: Nylon / spandex double covered yarn, the core yarn is spandex with a linear density of 140D, and the inner and outer covering yarns are both nylon with a linear density of 70D;

[0306] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0307] Resistive heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 320 D, resistance 300,000 Ω / cm.

[0308] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0309] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0310] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0311] The weaving process is:

[0312] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0313] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a manner of tucking stitches at intervals of 8 needles to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0314] 3) Yarn feeders F and G knit an insulating course with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0315] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitch pattern with an interval of 8 stitches, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn for the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0316] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0317] 6) The yarn feeder D alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a manner of tucking stitches at intervals of 8 needles to form the first row of the resistance heating yarn;

[0318] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0319] 8) The yarn feeder D alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a manner of tucking stitches at intervals of 8 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0320] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) four times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0321] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0322] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 8 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0323] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0324] 13) The yarn feeder E is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 8 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0325] 14) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0326] 15) The yarn feeder D alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 8 needles to form the first course of the resistance heating yarn;

[0327] 16) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0328] 17) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a manner of tucking stitches at intervals of 8 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0329] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) 4 times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0330] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0331] The flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 2%. A voltage of 10 V was then applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0332] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 2, within 60 minutes of power on, its resistance is stable at 77 Ω. Figure 8 and 9 As shown in the figure, the temperature of the fabric rises rapidly within 1 minute after the power is turned on, and then the temperature rises slowly to the equilibrium temperature. After 60 minutes of power-on, its surface temperature is 34.5℃.

[0333] Example 7

[0334] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the insulating layers have a plain plaited yarn structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tucked loop structure;

[0335] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0336] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0337] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0338] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0339] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 1 mm;

[0340] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2 mm;

[0341] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 2 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 0.5 mm;

[0342] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 20,000,000.

[0343] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0344] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0345] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 1 mm.

[0346] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0347] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0348] Insulating yarn I: nylon, linear density 140 D;

[0349] Insulation yarn II: spandex, linear density 40 D;

[0350] Conductive electrode yarn: 7 silver-copper alloy nickel-plated wires with a diameter of 0.03 mm and a resistance of 0.05 Ω / cm;

[0351] Resistance heating yarn: Polyester sheath-core conductive stretch yarn, manufacturer: Haining Taierxin New Materials Co., Ltd., linear density 100D, resistance 1000000 Ω / cm.

[0352] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0353] The knitting is done on a 20-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0354] Seven yarn mouths are used in weaving. The first yarn mouth A is threaded with insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth A; the third yarn mouth C is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the sixth yarn mouth F is threaded with insulating yarn I; the seventh yarn mouth G is threaded with insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of yarn mouth F.

[0355] The weaving process is:

[0356] 1) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course in plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0357] 2) The yarn feeder C is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0358] 3) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with plain plating stitch;

[0359] 4) The yarn feeder C is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0360] 5) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating course with plain plating stitch on the first needle bed;

[0361] 6) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0362] 7) Yarn feeders F and G are on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain plating stitch;

[0363] 8) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0364] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) four times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0365] 10) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0366] 11) The yarn feeder E is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0367] 12) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0368] 13) The yarn feeder E is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0369] 14) Yarn feeders A and B knit the next insulating row on the first needle bed with plain plating stitch;

[0370] 15) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0371] 16) Yarn feeders F and G knit the next insulating row with plain plating stitch on the second needle bed;

[0372] 17) The yarn mouth D alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0373] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) 4 times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0374] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0375] The flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 2%. A voltage of 10 V was then applied to the fabric, and the fabric resistance was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0376] Within 60 minutes of power-on, its resistance was stable at 120 Ω. Within 1 minute after power-on, the temperature of the fabric rose rapidly, and then slowly rose to the equilibrium temperature. At 60 minutes after power-on, its surface temperature was 30.2°C.

[0377] Example 8

[0378] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer being connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers having a 1+1 alternating plain stitch structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer having a tuck stitch structure;

[0379] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0380] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0381] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0382] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0383] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 5 mm;

[0384] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0385] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 8 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 0.8 mm;

[0386] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 25000.

[0387] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0388] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0389] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 1.5 mm.

[0390] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0391] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0392] Insulation yarn: Aramid 1313 yarn, specification 20 S / 2;

[0393] Conductive electrode yarn: 5 twisted stainless steel wires with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a resistance of 0.2 Ω / cm;

[0394] Resistive heating yarn: Graphene carbon nanotube composite conductive fiber, made of nylon stretched textured yarn coated with graphene carbon nanotube conductive slurry, manufacturer: Beijing Tanyang Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 280 D, resistance 5000 Ω / cm.

[0395] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0396] The knitting is done on a 18-gauge, two-needle-bed computerized flat knitting machine. The threading is as follows:

[0397] Five yarn mouths are used for weaving. The first yarn mouth A is used to pass the insulating yarn; the second yarn mouth B is used to pass the conductive electrode yarn; the third yarn mouth C is used to pass the resistance heating yarn; the fourth yarn mouth D is used to pass the conductive electrode yarn; and the fifth yarn mouth E is used to pass the insulating yarn.

[0398] The weaving process is:

[0399] 1) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits one insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0400] 2) Yarn feeder B is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, it is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0401] 3) Yarn feeder E is on the second needle bed, knitting an insulating course with a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch;

[0402] 4) Yarn feeder B is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0403] 5) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0404] 6) The yarn feeder C alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0405] 7) Yarn feeder E is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch;

[0406] 8) The yarn feeder C alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with two needles spaced apart in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0407] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) 10 times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0408] 10) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0409] 11) The yarn feeder D is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0410] 12) Yarn feeder E is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 change plain stitch;

[0411] 13) The yarn feeder D is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0412] 14) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0413] 15) The yarn feeder C alternately weaves on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck pattern with two needles spaced apart in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, thereby forming a first row of the resistance heating yarn;

[0414] 16) Yarn feeder E is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 change plain stitch;

[0415] 17) The yarn mouth C alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck pattern with two needles spaced apart in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, thereby forming a second row of the resistance heating yarn;

[0416] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) 10 times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0417] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0418] The flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 2%. A voltage of 5 V was then applied to the fabric, and the resistance of the fabric was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0419] The resistance of the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is 22 Ω; its surface temperature is 48°C after being energized for 60 minutes.

[0420] Example 9

[0421] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer being connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers having a 1+1 alternating plain stitch structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer having a tucked and plated yarn structure;

[0422] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0423] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0424] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0425] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0426] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 10 mm;

[0427] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 2 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 2 mm;

[0428] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 20 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 3 mm;

[0429] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 60000.

[0430] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0431] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0432] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 10 mm.

[0433] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0434] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0435] Insulating yarn I: Aramid 1414 filament, linear density 800 D;

[0436] Insulating yarn II: polyester monofilament, diameter 0.08 mm;

[0437] Conductive electrode yarn: silver-plated aramid, manufacturer: Qingdao Tianyin Textile Technology Co., Ltd., linear density 400 D, resistance 1 Ω / cm;

[0438] Resistance heating yarn: low-temperature carbonized pre-oxidized yarn, the pre-oxidized yarn is Shanghai Petrochemical 1K pre-oxidized fiber filament, the low-temperature carbonization temperature is 750℃, and the resistance is 60000 Ω / cm.

[0439] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0440] The knitting is done on a 10-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0441] Eight yarn mouths are used for weaving. The first yarn mouth A is used to pass through the insulating yarn I; the second yarn mouth B is used to pass through the conductive electrode yarn; the third yarn mouth C is used to pass through the insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of the yarn mouth B; the fourth yarn mouth D is used to pass through the resistance heating yarn; the fifth yarn mouth E is used to pass through the insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of the yarn mouth D; the sixth yarn mouth F is used to pass through the conductive electrode yarn; the seventh yarn mouth G is used to pass through the insulating yarn II and is set as the adding yarn mouth of the yarn mouth F; and the eighth yarn mouth H is used to pass through the insulating yarn I.

[0442] The weaving process is:

[0443] 1) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits one insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0444] 2) Yarn feeders B and C are drawn from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side. In the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, yarns are alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a manner of tucking yarns with an interval of 8 stitches, forming the first row of conductive electrode yarns of the first conductive electrode shunt strip.

[0445] 3) Yarn feeder H is on the second needle bed, knitting an insulating course with a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch;

[0446] 4) Yarn feeders B and C are again drawn out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, yarns are alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a manner of tucking yarns with an interval of 8 stitches, forming the second row of conductive electrode yarns of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0447] 5) Repeat the braiding steps 1) to 4) once according to the designed width of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0448] 6) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0449] 7) Yarn mouths D and E alternately knit on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar by tucking yarn with an interval of 8 needles to form the first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0450] 8) Yarn feeder H is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch;

[0451] 9) Yarn mouths D and E alternately knit on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar by tucking yarn with an interval of 8 needles to form the second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0452] 10) Repeat steps 6) to 9) 10 times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0453] 11) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0454] 12) Yarn feeders F and G are drawn from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and are knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar by tucking yarn with an interval of 8 stitches, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarns of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0455] 13) Yarn feeder H is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 change plain stitch;

[0456] 14) Yarn feeders F and G are again drawn out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, yarns are alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a manner of tucking yarns with an interval of 8 stitches, forming the second row of conductive electrode yarns of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0457] 15) Repeat knitting steps 11) to 14) once;

[0458] 16) Yarn feeder A is on the first needle bed and knits the next insulating course in a 1 + 1 alternating plain stitch.

[0459] 17) Yarn mouths D and E alternately knit on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar by tucking yarn with an interval of 8 needles to form the first course of the resistance heating yarn;

[0460] 18) Yarn feeder H is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating course with a 1 + 1 change plain stitch;

[0461] 19) Yarn mouths D and E alternately knit on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar by tucking yarn with an interval of 8 needles to form the second course of the resistance heating yarn;

[0462] 20) Repeat knitting steps 16) to 19) 10 times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0463] 21) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 20) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0464] The flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 2%. A voltage of 5 V was then applied to the fabric, and the resistance of the fabric was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0465] The resistance of the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is 15 Ω; when powered on for 60 minutes, its surface temperature is 49°C.

[0466] Example 10

[0467] A flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric comprises a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure; the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers; the first planar knitted fabric layer has a single jacquard weave structure, while the second planar knitted fabric layer has a plain weave structure; the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer, and the conductive heating layer has a tuck weave structure;

[0468] The conductive heating layer comprises a comb-shaped first conductive electrode and a comb-shaped second conductive electrode which are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode;

[0469] The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0470] The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connecting the second conductive electrode shunt bars;

[0471] The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-like interdigitated structure; the plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips;

[0472] The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are both 6 mm;

[0473] The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.4 mm;

[0474] The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, i.e., the width of a single heating area, is 8 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 1.3 mm;

[0475] The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is 1 / 100000.

[0476] The conductive electrode yarn comprises a first row of conductive electrode yarn and a second row of conductive electrode yarn, and the resistive heating yarn comprises a first row of resistive heating yarn and a second row of resistive heating yarn;

[0477] The adjacent first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of conductive electrode yarns, the first row of resistive heating yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, the first row of conductive electrode yarns and the second row of resistive heating yarns, and the second row of conductive electrode yarns and the first row of resistive heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops;

[0478] The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 3.2 mm.

[0479] The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three types of yarns, namely conductive electrode yarn, resistive heating yarn and insulating yarn. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0480] (1) Raw material preparation:

[0481] Insulation yarn: Wool yarn in 4 different colors, all with a specification of 60 Nm / 2;

[0482] Conductive electrode yarn: 9 twisted copper wires with a diameter of 0.05 mm and a resistance of 0.01 Ω / cm;

[0483] Resistive heating yarn: Stainless steel fiber and acrylic blended conductive yarn, blending ratio 20 / 80, specification 32 S, resistance 1000 Ω / cm.

[0484] (2) Weaving of flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabrics:

[0485] The knitting is done on a 14-gauge computerized flat knitting machine with two needle beds. The threading is as follows:

[0486] Seven yarn feeders are used for weaving. The first yarn feeder A, the second yarn feeder B and the third yarn feeder C are respectively threaded with insulating yarns of three different colors; the fourth yarn feeder D is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; the fifth yarn feeder E is threaded with resistance heating yarn; the sixth yarn feeder F is threaded with conductive electrode yarn; and the seventh yarn feeder G is threaded with insulating yarn of the fourth color.

[0487] The weaving process is:

[0488] 1) Yarn feeders A, B and C are on the first needle bed, knitting an insulating course with a three-color single jacquard weave;

[0489] 2) The yarn feeder D is led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0490] 3) Yarn feeder G is on the second needle bed, knitting an insulating course with plain stitch;

[0491] 4) The yarn feeder D is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the first conductive electrode busbar on the left side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0492] 5) Yarn feeders A, B and C are on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with three-color single-sided jacquard weave;

[0493] 6) The yarn feeder E alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0494] 7) Yarn feeder G is on the second needle bed and knits the next insulating row with plain stitch;

[0495] 8) The yarn feeder E alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0496] 9) Repeat steps 5) to 8) four times to increase the width of the heating area.

[0497] 10) Yarn feeders A, B and C are on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating row in plain stitch;

[0498] 11) The yarn feeder F is led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0499] 12) Yarn feeder G is on the second needle bed and knits the next insulating row with plain stitch;

[0500] 13) The yarn feeder F is again led out from the knitting area of ​​the second conductive electrode busbar on the right side, and in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode busbar and the second conductive electrode busbar, the yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles, thereby forming the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip;

[0501] 14) Yarn feeders A, B and C are on the first needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with three-color single-sided jacquard weave;

[0502] 15) The yarn feeder E alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a first row of resistance heating yarn;

[0503] 16) Yarn feeder G is on the second needle bed, knitting the next insulating row with plain stitch;

[0504] 17) The yarn feeder E alternately knits on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar in a tuck stitching manner with an interval of 2 needles to form a second row of resistance heating yarn;

[0505] 18) Repeat the knitting steps 14) to 17) four times to increase the width of the heating area;

[0506] 19) Repeat knitting steps 1) to 18) 12 times to complete the knitting of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

[0507] The flexible electrothermal weft-knitted spacer fabric was left to relax for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 2%. A voltage of 5 V was then applied to the fabric, and the resistance of the fabric was measured using a digital multimeter, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured using an infrared thermal imager.

[0508] The resistance of the flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is 12 Ω; its surface temperature is 51°C after being energized for 60 minutes.

Claims

1. A flexible electric heating weft-knitted spacer fabric, comprising a first planar knitted fabric layer and a second planar knitted fabric layer, wherein the first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are connected to each other via a spacer layer to form a three-dimensional integral structure, characterized in that: The first planar knitted fabric layer and the second planar knitted fabric layer are insulating layers, and the spacer layer is a conductive heating layer; The conductive heating layer includes a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode that are not directly electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of heating areas separated by the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode; the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode both have a comb-like structure; The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the heating area are all tuck structures; The first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the heating area are all woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarns used to weave the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are denoted as conductive electrode yarns, and the conductive yarns used to weave the heating area are denoted as resistance heating yarns. The resistance ratio of the conductive electrode yarn to the resistance heating yarn is not greater than 1 / 25000. The conductive electrode yarns in adjacent horizontal rows, the resistance heating yarns, and the conductive electrode yarns and the resistance heating yarns are all connected by tuck loops.

2. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of first conductive electrode shunt bars and a first conductive electrode bus bar connecting the first conductive electrode shunt bars; The second conductive electrode is composed of a plurality of second conductive electrode shunt bars and a second conductive electrode bus bar connected to the second conductive electrode shunt bars; The first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are equal in number and are staggered to form a comb-shaped interdigitated structure.

3. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of heating areas are respectively located between the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode shunt bar.

4. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structure of the insulating layer is one or more of a plain stitch, a variable plain stitch or a single-sided jacquard stitch.

5. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar faces the second conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto, and the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar faces the first conductive electrode bus bar but is not connected thereto; the distance between the free end of the first conductive electrode shunt bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the distance between the free end of the second conductive electrode shunt bar and the first conductive electrode bus bar are 1 to 10 mm.

6. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the side of the heating area close to the second conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2~2 mm; the second conductive electrode shunt bar protrudes from the side of the heating area close to the first conductive electrode bus bar, and the protruding length is 0.2~2 mm.

7. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent first conductive electrode shunt strips and second conductive electrode shunt strips, that is, the width of a single heating area, is 2-20 mm; the widths of the first conductive electrode shunt strips and the second conductive electrode shunt strips are both 0.5-3 mm.

8. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is 1-10 mm.

9. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The conductive electrode yarn is one of metal conductive yarn, carbon-based conductive yarn, conductive polymer yarn and conductive material-plated yarn, and the resistance of the conductive electrode yarn is 0.01-1 Ω / cm.

10. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The resistance heating yarn is one of metal conductive yarn, carbon-based conductive yarn, conductive polymer yarn and conductive material-plated yarn, and the resistance of the resistance heating yarn is 1000~1000000 Ω / cm.

11. The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The insulating layer is woven with insulating yarn, and the insulating yarn is one or more of cotton, wool, silk, linen, polyester, nylon, acrylic, chloroprene, acrylic-chloroprene, polypropylene, vinylon, spandex, glass fiber, aramid, polyimide fiber, acrylic pre-oxidized yarn, viscose, Tencel, lyocell, modal, acetate fiber and cuprammonium fiber.

12. The method for preparing a flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric is prepared by weaving three kinds of yarns, wherein the three kinds of yarns are conductive electrode yarn, resistance heating yarn and insulating yarn; The flexible electrically heated weft-knitted spacer fabric is knitted using a flat knitting machine equipped with two needle beds, and the knitting process is as follows: 1) The insulating yarn is knitted into one insulating row on the first needle bed; 2) The conductive electrode yarn is drawn out from the left first conductive electrode bus bar area and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip; 3) The insulating yarn is knitted into an insulating row on the second needle bed; 4) The conductive electrode yarn is again drawn out from the left first conductive electrode bus bar area and is knitted alternately on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the second row of conductive electrode yarn of the first conductive electrode shunt strip; 5) Repeat or not repeat steps 1) to 4) according to the designed width of the first conductive electrode shunt strip; 6) The insulating yarn is knitted on the first needle bed for the next insulating row; 7) The resistance heating yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form a first row of the resistance heating yarn; 8) The insulating yarn is knitted on the second needle bed for the next insulating row; 9) The resistance heating yarn is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tucked manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form a second row of the resistance heating yarn; 10) Repeat steps 6) to 9) according to the design to increase the width of the heating area; 11) The insulating yarn is knitted on the first needle bed for the next insulating row; 12) The conductive electrode yarn is led out from the second conductive electrode bus bar area on the right side, and is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar to form the first row of conductive electrode yarn of the second conductive electrode shunt strip; 13) The insulating yarn knits the next insulating row on the second needle bed; 14) The conductive electrode yarn is again drawn out from the second conductive electrode bus bar area on the right side, and is alternately knitted on the first needle bed and the second needle bed in a tuck manner in the knitting area between the first conductive electrode bus bar and the second conductive electrode bus bar, thereby forming a second row of conductive electrode yarn for the second conductive electrode shunt strip; 15) Repeat or not repeat steps 11) to 14) according to the designed width of the second conductive electrode shunt strip; 16) Repeat steps 6) to 10) until the next heating area is knitted. 17) Repeat steps 1) to 16) until the fabric reaches the designed length, thereby completing the weaving of the flexible electric heating weft knitted spacer fabric.

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