Bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screen cleaning cooperative work system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of track maintenance, in particular to a bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screen cleaning cooperative work system and method, and the system comprises a ballast cleaning machine, a screen cleaning machine and a detachable connecting device. The ballast cleaning machine comprises a ballast cleaning device and a first walking device. The screen cleaning machine comprises a screen cleaning device and a second walking device. When the detachable connecting device is connected with the screen cleaning device and the ballast cleaning device, the discharging end of the ballast cleaning device is located above the feeding end of the screen cleaning device. According to the method, the system is used for carrying out ballast cleaning and screen cleaning work on the track of the bridge and tunnel, and the ballast cleaning machine and the screen cleaning machine are firstly moved to the track from the ground or a platform and then are connected on the track through the detachable connecting device to work together. Through rapid coupling and separation between the screen cleaning machine and the ballast cleaning machine, the advantage of small size of split equipment is fully played during walking, transferring and position posture adjustment, and the efficiency advantage of synchronous ballast cleaning and screen cleaning work of integrated arrangement can be fully played through cooperative work during work. The ballast cleaning machine is very suitable for ballast cleaning and screen cleaning work with narrow operation space such as bridges and tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of track maintenance, and in particular to a bridge and tunnel ballast and screen cleaning collaborative working system and method. Background Art

[0002] When train loads are applied to bridge structures and tunnel tracks, vibrations are transmitted more directly, requiring the interlocking of large-sized ballast particles to provide sufficient shear strength and stability. Small-sized ballast tends to fill the gaps between large particles, creating a "cushion" effect that weakens the overall stiffness of the roadbed. Therefore, ballast that does not meet the required particle size must be regularly cleaned and screened, and new ballast that meets the required particle size must be redistributed and added to the roadbed.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent with the publication number "CN201372395Y" that discloses a "bidirectional ballast shaping vehicle." This document discloses that a reversible side plow, a center plow, and a ballast cleaning mechanism are positioned below the vehicle frame, between the front and rear bogies, from front to back. A trackside vertical cleaning mechanism and a fine cleaning mechanism are positioned behind the rear bogie. Furthermore, the vehicle frame is equipped with a driver's cab, a power room, a ballast storage mechanism, a ballast conveyor, and an operating cab, from front to back. This provides the vehicle with excellent operational visibility, bidirectional operation, and bidirectional operation. It also boasts strong headrest cleaning capabilities, ensuring safe driving and operation, and capable of collecting, storing, and dividing ballast.

[0004] Although the device can clean the ballast in the track to the ballast storage mechanism, and redistribute the ballast stored in the ballast storage mechanism and fill it into the track bed, the device is an integrated equipment and the entire device must be put on the track synchronously. It is not suitable for special working conditions in the narrow space of bridge and tunnel tracks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working system and method in response to the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working system includes a ballast cleaning machine and a screening machine, the ballast cleaning machine and the screening machine being connected by a detachable connecting device; the ballast cleaning machine includes a ballast cleaning device and a first running device for driving the ballast cleaning device to move on the ground and on tracks; the screening machine includes a screening device and a second running device for driving the screening device to move on the ground and on tracks; the detachable connecting device is connected between the screening device and the ballast cleaning device; when the detachable connecting device connects the screening device and the ballast cleaning device, the discharge end of the ballast cleaning device is located above the feed end of the screening device. The system can achieve rapid coupling and separation between the screening machine and the ballast cleaning machine. The detachable design allows the screening machine and the ballast cleaning machine to independently mount the track and pass through the narrowest area of ​​the channel, connect on the track, and work collaboratively. Compared with existing large-scale integrated equipment, it is more suitable for special working scenarios with limited operating space such as bridge and tunnel tracks.

[0007] Preferably, the ballast cleaning machine also includes an actuator (I) for changing the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device relative to the running device (I); and the screening cleaning machine also includes an actuator (II) for changing the position and posture of the screening cleaning device relative to the running device (II). The actuators can adjust the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device and the screening cleaning device, allowing them to be adjusted to a posture suitable for movement and track mounting within a small operating space before being mounted on the track. After being mounted on the track, the actuators facilitate the docking of the ballast cleaning device and the screening cleaning device, ensuring that they can work together smoothly. At the same time, the actuators can also assist in the transfer of the entire device between the ground and the track.

[0008] Specifically, the ballast cleaning device includes: Ballast removing mechanism, used to remove ballast from under the sleepers horizontally; A ballast removal mechanism, used to lift the ballast removed by the ballast removal mechanism from the ground; a ballast lifting mechanism, used for transferring the ballast raised by the ballast discharge mechanism to a screening device; The frame mechanism, the first actuator, and the detachable connecting device are respectively connected to the frame mechanism. The ballast scraping mechanism, the ballast discharge mechanism, and the ballast lifting mechanism are all arranged on the frame mechanism. The discharge end of the ballast scraping mechanism corresponds to the feed end of the ballast discharge mechanism, and the feed end of the ballast lifting mechanism corresponds to the discharge end of the ballast discharge mechanism. Through the above arrangement, the ballast cleaning device has the ability to remove ballast from under the track, lift ballast from the ground, and lift ballast to a sufficient height to facilitate connection with the screening device, allowing the screening device to more easily and fully receive the ballast removed by the ballast cleaning device.

[0009] Preferably, the ballast scraping mechanism, the ballast discharging mechanism and the ballast lifting mechanism are each provided in two groups and are respectively provided on both sides of the frame mechanism. The frame mechanism includes a center frame, two telescopic frames 1 slidingly provided on the left and right sides of the center frame, two telescopic frames 2 slidingly provided on the left and right sides of the center frame, two telescopic frames 2 slidingly provided on the left and right sides of the center frame, and a driver for respectively driving the telescopic frames 1 and 2 to slide. The ballast scraping mechanism is provided on the telescopic frame 1, and the ballast discharging mechanism and the ballast lifting mechanism are provided on the telescopic frame 2. The sliding directions of the telescopic frames 1 and 2 are parallel. Through the above arrangement, the size of the single-sided structure of the ballast cleaning device is reduced, and the space required for adjusting its posture is greatly reduced, which facilitates the ballast cleaning machine to enter narrow spaces such as tunnels and can be used for construction in small spaces. The ballast removal device can simultaneously remove ballast from both sides of the track. This differs from traditional ballast removal devices, which remove ballast from a single side. This compensates for the reduced efficiency caused by the reduced size and ensures efficient ballast removal. Each telescopic frame is driven independently by a different actuator. This not only meets the needs of the ballast removal mechanism to adjust its position and posture independently, and the ballast removal and lifting mechanisms can be coordinated to adjust their positions. It also adapts to the needs of asymmetric platforms with limited space, improving work efficiency in space-constrained situations. Two sets of ballast removal chain plate assemblies are also provided here to remove the ballast between the horizontal tracks.

[0010] Specifically, the ballast removing mechanism includes a supporting vertical shaft rotatably connected to the telescopic frame, a ballast removing chain plate assembly and a driving assembly, the ballast removing chain plate assembly is fixedly arranged on the free end of the supporting vertical shaft, and the driving assembly includes a driving assembly for driving the supporting vertical shaft to rotate and the ballast removing chain plate assembly to operate, and the ballast removing direction of the ballast removing chain plate assembly and the sliding direction of the telescopic frame are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft; so that the ballast removing chain plate assembly can change its direction and reach from the side of the track to the bottom of the track to remove ballast, and also facilitates the ballast removing mechanism to be folded into a relatively small size when traveling or transferring, so as to adapt to a narrow space; The ballast discharge mechanism includes a mounting frame slidably connected to the second telescopic frame, a ballast discharge chain plate assembly provided on the mounting frame, and a driver for driving the mounting frame to slide. The sliding direction of the mounting frame is parallel to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft. The ballast discharge direction of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the telescopic frame. The feeding end of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly is close to the supporting vertical shaft. The ballast discharge chain plate assembly can adjust the depth of contact with the ballast stone to accommodate different amounts of ballast stone. The ballast lifting mechanism includes a lifting and conveying assembly rotatably connected to the telescopic frame 2 and a driving assembly for driving the lifting and conveying assembly to rotate relative to the telescopic frame 2. The rotation axis of the lifting and conveying assembly relative to the telescopic frame 2 is parallel to the sliding direction of the telescopic frame 2. The feeding end of the lifting and conveying assembly is located below the discharging end of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly. The lifting height of the ballast is adjusted by controlling the rotation of the lifting and conveying assembly to facilitate docking with the screening device. The center frame is provided with a track wheel assembly for running on the track, so that the ballast cleaning device can be placed on the track and run, thereby reducing the burden of the execution device and the running device, and at the same time can form auxiliary positioning with the track to facilitate the docking of the ballast cleaning device and the screening device.

[0011] Preferably, the screening device includes a loading mechanism for conveying the ballast discharged by the ballast cleaning device, a screening mechanism for screening the ballast, a unloading mechanism for conveying the waste ballast screened by the screening mechanism, and a waste ballast transfer mechanism. The loading mechanism is located on the frame body of the screening device, the screening mechanism is located below the discharge end of the loading mechanism, the unloading mechanism is located below the screening mechanism, and the waste ballast transfer mechanism is located at the discharge end of the unloading mechanism; when the ballast cleaning machine is connected to the screening machine, the discharge end of the lifting and conveying assembly is located above the feed end of the loading mechanism, and the loading mechanism is provided with two groups and respectively corresponds to the two groups of ballast lifting mechanisms; the frame body is provided with a rail wheel assembly 2 for walking on the track. This arrangement creates a stepped layout of components, forming a complete "conveying-screening-discharging" operational chain. This layout effectively integrates the ballast cleaning system with screening and waste transfer, improving material handling efficiency. Each loading mechanism includes independent conveying equipment, and dual-sided simultaneous loading allows for simultaneous ballast discharge from both sides of the cleaning system, expanding the feeding coverage area. The symmetrical layout ensures even load distribution on both sides of the cleaning system frame, preventing excessive load on one side from causing equipment tilt or increased vibration.

[0012] Preferably, the detachable connecting device includes a connecting frame hinged on the frame body, a connecting seat fixedly mounted on the center frame, a connecting shaft penetrating the connecting frame, a stopper detachably connected to the connecting shaft, an elastic member 1, and an elastic member 2. A connecting plate 1 and a stopper protrusion for connecting to a pin shaft of the connecting seat are fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting shaft away from the stopper. The elastic member 1 is connected between the stopper and the connecting frame, and the elastic member 2 is connected between the stopper protrusion and the connecting frame. The above-mentioned structural arrangement allows the ballast cleaning device and the screening device to be docked and connected through a simple pin connection. The design of the elastic member 1 and the elastic member 2 provides the connection with a certain degree of elasticity, enabling it to withstand certain vibrations and impacts, thereby enhancing the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0013] Specifically, the first and second elastic members are butterfly springs mounted on the connecting shaft. The stopper is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft. The connecting frame is an isosceles trapezoidal frame with a slotted hole at one end of the connecting frame away from the cleaning device. The connecting shaft is movably mounted within the slotted hole. This increases the tolerance for docking and enhances the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0014] A method for collaborative ballast cleaning and screening in bridges and tunnels utilizes the aforementioned collaborative ballast cleaning system to clean and screen tracks within bridges and tunnels. A ballast cleaning machine and screening machine are first independently moved from the ground or platform onto the track, where they are then connected via a detachable connection structure to operate together. This detachable connection allows for rapid coupling and separation between the screening machine and the ballast cleaning machine, allowing each to independently pass through the narrow confines of a bridge or tunnel. Both machines can independently access the track, making them suitable for the specialized working conditions of confined bridge and tunnel tracks while also meeting the requirements for synchronized ballast cleaning and screening operations.

[0015] The specific steps of the above-mentioned bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working method are as follows: S1: the ballast cleaning machine and the screening machine are respectively moved from the platform or the ground to the track to be ballast cleaned, with the ballast cleaning device facing the screening device; S2 adjusts the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device and the screening device respectively to match the position and posture of the track to be ballast cleaned; S3: connecting the ballast cleaning device and the screening device on the track through the detachable connecting device; S4: the traveling device 1 alone or the traveling device 1 and the traveling device 2 together drive the ballast cleaning machine and the screening machine to move synchronously along the track in the same direction. At the same time, the ballast cleaning device transfers the ballast under the track to the screening device; The S5 screening device receives and screens ballast. The qualified ballast screened out is backfilled into the track, and the waste ballast screened out is collected centrally.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The rapid coupling and separation between the cleaning and screening machine allows the two units to fully utilize their compact size when traveling, transferring, and adjusting their positions. Their coordinated operation maximizes the efficiency of the integrated setup, allowing for simultaneous ballast and screening operations. This makes it ideal for ballast and screening operations in confined spaces such as bridges, tunnels, and tracks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative working system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the ballast cleaning device of the present invention when it is connected to the screening device; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ballast cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ballast cleaning device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the walking device 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screen cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the screen cleaning device of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure below the screen plate in the screen cleaning device of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals: 1000, ballast cleaning machine; 1100, ballast cleaning device; 1110, ballast removing mechanism; 1111, supporting vertical shaft; 1112, ballast removing chain plate assembly; 1113, driving assembly; 1114, ballast removing frame; 1115, ballast removing head; 1120, ballast removing mechanism; 1121, mounting frame; 1122, ballast removing chain plate assembly; 1123, linear drive three; 1124, ballast removing frame; 1125, ballast removing head; 1126, cover; 1130, ballast lifting mechanism; 1131, lifting and conveying assembly; 1132, linear drive Linear drive 4; 1133, frame connector; 1134, ballast frame; 1135, baffle; 1136, rotary drive; 1137, bushing; 1138, rotating shaft; 1140, frame mechanism; 1141, center frame; 1142, telescopic frame 1; 1143, telescopic frame 2; 1144, linear drive 1; 1145, linear drive 2; 1146, track wheel assembly 1; 1200, walking device 1; 1210, car body; 1220, track travel mechanism; 1221, wheel frame; 1222, track steel Wheel; 1230, ground travel mechanism; 1240, switching mechanism; 1241, switching frame; 1242, linear drive 5; 1300, actuator 1; 2000, screen cleaning machine; 2100, screen cleaning device; 2110, loading mechanism; 2121, collecting hopper; 2122, spring buffer; 2123, screen plate; 2124, vibration motor; 2130, unloading mechanism; 2140, waste ballast transfer mechanism; 2141, support column; 2142, rotating rod 1; 2143, rotating rod 2; 2144, electric hoist; 21 51. Underframe; 2152. Rear frame; 2153. Support frame; 2154. Connecting beam; 2155. Inner frame; 2156. Feed hopper; 2157. Track wheel assembly 2; 2200. Travel device 2; 2300. Actuator 2; 3000. Removable connecting device; 3100. Connecting frame; 3200. Connecting seat; 3300. Connecting shaft; 3310. Connecting plate 1; 3320. Limiting protrusion; 3400. Limiting member; 3500. Elastic member 1; 3600. Elastic member 2; 4000. Track to be ballasted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same components are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0020] A bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a ballast cleaning machine 1000 , a screen cleaning machine 2000 and a detachable connecting device 3000 , and the ballast cleaning machine 1000 and the screen cleaning machine 2000 can be connected through the detachable connecting device 3000 .

[0021] The ballast cleaning machine 1000 includes a ballast cleaning device 1100 and a traveling device 1200, which drives the ballast cleaning device 1100 on the ground and on the track. To facilitate the mounting of the ballast cleaning machine 1000 on the track and the adjustment of the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device 1100, an actuator 1300 is preferably provided between the ballast cleaning device 1100 and the traveling device 1200 to adjust the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device 1100 relative to the traveling device 1200.

[0022] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ballast cleaning device 1100 includes a ballast removing mechanism 1110 , a ballast discharging mechanism 1120 , a ballast lifting mechanism 1130 and a frame mechanism 1140 .

[0023] The frame mechanism 1140 serves as the mounting base for the ballast removal device 1100. The ballast removal mechanism 1110, the ballast discharge mechanism 1120, and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130 are all mounted on the frame mechanism 1140. Preferably, each of the ballast removal mechanism 1110, the ballast discharge mechanism 1120, and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130 is provided in two groups, one on each side of the frame mechanism 1140. The frame mechanism 1140 includes a center frame 1141, two telescopic frames 1142 slidably mounted on the left and right sides of the center frame 1141, two telescopic frames 1143 slidably mounted on the left and right sides of the center frame 1141, two linear actuators 1144 that respectively drive the two telescopic frames 1142 to slide, and two linear actuators 1145 that respectively drive the two telescopic frames 1143 to slide. Other types of linear actuators may also be used for the telescopic frames. The two telescopic frames 1142 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two telescopic frames 1143 are arranged opposite to each other. The sliding directions of the telescopic frames 1142 and 1143 are parallel. The two ballast removal mechanisms 1110 are respectively fixed on the two telescopic frames 1142. The two sets of ballast removal mechanisms 1120 and the two sets of ballast lifting mechanisms 1130 are respectively fixed on the two telescopic frames 1143. In order to enable the ballast removal device 1100 to travel on the track, a track wheel assembly 1146 for traveling on the track can be arranged below the center frame 1141. The track wheel assembly 1146 includes a track wheel bracket fixedly connected to the center frame 1141 and track wheel bodies arranged at both ends of the track wheel bracket. The spacing between the track wheel bodies at both ends of the track wheel bracket is adapted to the track.

[0024] The ballast removing mechanism 1110 is used to remove ballast from under the sleepers horizontally. The ballast removing mechanism 1110 includes a supporting vertical shaft 1111, a ballast removing chain plate assembly 1112 and a drive assembly 1113. The supporting vertical shaft 1111 is rotatably connected to the telescopic frame 1142, and the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft 1111 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the telescopic frame 1142. The ballast removing chain plate assembly 1112 includes a ballast removing frame 1114, a chain plate transmission assembly arranged on the ballast removing frame 1114 and a ballast removing head 1115 fixed to the surface of the chain plate. The axis of the sprocket in the chain plate transmission assembly is parallel to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft 1111, so that the ballast removing direction of the ballast removing chain plate assembly 1112 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft 1111. The ballast removing frame 1114 is fixedly arranged at the free end of the supporting vertical shaft 1111. Drive assembly 1113 includes a drive assembly that drives the rotation of support shaft 1111 and a drive assembly that drives the sprocket in the chain plate transmission assembly. Support shaft 1111 is hollow, and the transmission portion of the drive assembly that drives the sprocket passes through the hollow portion of support shaft 1111. The specific structure of ballast removal mechanism 1110 and its drive transmission structure can adopt the same structure as the ballast removal mechanism 1110 in the prior art, as long as the ballast removal function can be achieved. The specific structure is not repeated here.

[0025] The ballast removal mechanism 1120 is used to lift the ballast removed by the ballast removal mechanism 1110 from the ground. It includes a mounting frame 1121 slidably connected to the second telescopic frame 1143, a ballast removal chain plate assembly 1122 mounted on the mounting frame 1121, and a third linear actuator 1123 that slides the mounting frame 1121. The sliding direction of the mounting frame 1121 is parallel to the rotation axis of the support vertical shaft 1111. The ballast discharge chain assembly 1122 includes a ballast discharge frame 1124 fixed on the mounting frame 1121, a chain plate conveying assembly arranged on the ballast discharge frame 1124, a ballast discharge head 1125 fixed on the surface of the chain plate, and a driver for driving the chain plate conveying assembly to operate; this chain plate conveying assembly is arranged on the side of the ballast discharge frame 1124 away from the center frame 1141, and the axis of the sprocket is parallel to the sliding direction of the telescopic frame 1143, so that the ballast discharge direction of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly 1122 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the telescopic frame 1143. The ballast discharge chain plate assembly 1122 is arranged as a whole at an angle, with its feed end close to the supporting vertical shaft 1111 and lower than the discharge end. In order to prevent the discharged ballast from flying around, a cover body 1126 can be provided on the ballast discharge chain plate assembly 1122. The specific structure of the ballast removal mechanism 1120 can adopt the same structure as the ballast removal mechanism 1120 in the prior art, as long as the ballast removal function can be achieved. Its specific structure will not be repeated here.

[0026] The ballast lifting mechanism 1130 is used to transfer the ballast raised by the ballast discharge mechanism 1120 to the screening device 2100. The ballast lifting mechanism 1130 includes a lifting and conveying assembly 1131 and a drive assembly that drives the lifting and conveying assembly 1131 to rotate relative to the second telescopic frame 1143. The lifting and conveying assembly 1131 includes a ballast lifting frame 1134, a flexible transmission mechanism mounted on the ballast lifting frame 1134, baffles 1135 evenly distributed on the flexible elements of the flexible transmission mechanism, and a rotary driver 1136 that drives the flexible transmission mechanism. The flexible transmission mechanism is located on the side of the ballast lifting frame 1134 away from the center frame 1141. The axis of the transmission wheel in the flexible transmission mechanism is parallel to the sliding direction of the second telescopic frame 1143. A frame connector 1133 is mounted on the second telescopic frame 1143. A shaft sleeve 1137 is mounted on the end of the frame connector 1133 away from the ballast removal mechanism 1120. The axis of the shaft sleeve 1137 is parallel to the sliding direction of the second telescopic frame 1143. A rotating shaft 1138, which mates with the shaft sleeve 1137, is mounted on the side of the ballast lifting frame 1134 near the center frame 1141. The rotating shaft 1138 passes through the frame connector 1133. The drive assembly includes a first hinged seat fixed to the second telescopic frame 1143, a second hinged seat fixed to the free end of the rotating shaft 1138, and a fourth linear actuator 1132. The fixed end and output end of the fourth linear actuator 1132 are hinged to the first and second hinged seats, respectively, with the hinge axis parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve 1137. The lifting and conveying assembly 1131 is set to be tilted as a whole, and the tilting trend is consistent with the ballast chain assembly 1122. The lifting and conveying assembly 1131 can be driven by the linear drive four 1132 to rotate around the shaft sleeve 1137, thereby changing the inclination angle of the lifting and conveying assembly 1131, but the feeding end of the lifting and conveying assembly 1131 is always located below the discharging end of the ballast chain assembly 1122.

[0027] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the running device 1200 includes a vehicle body 1210, a track-based running mechanism 1220, a ground-based running mechanism 1230, and a switching mechanism 1240 for adjusting the relative height of the track-based running mechanism 1220 and the ground-based running mechanism 1230. Both the track-based running mechanism 1220 and the ground-based running mechanism 1230 are disposed beneath the vehicle body 1210. The ground-based running mechanism 1230 can be either a wheeled mechanism or a tracked mechanism. In this embodiment, a tracked structure is employed, with one set of ground-based running mechanisms 1230 disposed on each side of the vehicle body 1210. The track-based running mechanism 1220 includes a wheel frame 1221 and rail steel wheels 1222 disposed at each end of the wheel frame 1221. One set of track-based running mechanisms 1220 is disposed on the front and rear of the vehicle body 1210. The front and rear sets of track-based running mechanisms 1220 can have the same or different structures, as long as they can travel on the track. The switching mechanism 1240 can adjust the height of the ground traveling mechanism 1230 or the rail traveling mechanism 1220 relative to the vehicle body 1210, or can directly adjust the relative height of the rail traveling mechanism 1220 and the ground traveling mechanism 1230, as long as the relative height of the two can be changed. The following specifically describes a preferred structure in which the ground traveling mechanism 1230 is directly mounted on the vehicle body 1210, and the rail traveling mechanism 1220 is mounted on the vehicle body 1210 via the switching mechanism 1240. The switching mechanism 1240 includes a switching frame 1241 and a linear actuator 5 1242. One end of the switching frame 1241 is hingedly connected to the vehicle body 1210, and the other end is fixedly connected to the wheel frame 1221. One end of the linear actuator 5 1242 is hingedly connected to the vehicle body 1210, and the other end is hingedly connected to the switching frame 1241. The actuator 1300 is a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm positioned between the traveling device 1200 and the ballast removal device 1100. As long as the position and posture of the ballast removal device 1100 can be adjusted, in this embodiment, the actuator 1300 is a four-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. Both the traveling device 1200 and the actuator 1300 can utilize existing structures. In this embodiment, the actuator 1300 and the traveling device 1200 directly utilize corresponding parts of existing track-mounted excavators. The center frame 1141 is provided with a connection portion for the robotic arm. The free end of the robotic arm is detachably connected to the center frame 1141. The distances from the ballast removal mechanism 1110, the ballast discharge mechanism 1120, and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130 to the traveling device 1200 increase in sequence.

[0028] like Figure 6As shown, the screen cleaning machine 2000 includes a screen cleaning device 2100 and a second traveling device 2200 that drives the screen cleaning device 2100 on the ground and on tracks. To facilitate mounting the screen cleaning machine 2000 on the tracks and adjusting the position and posture of the screen cleaning device 2100, a second actuator 2300 is preferably provided to adjust the position and posture of the screen cleaning device 2100 relative to the second traveling device 2200. The structure and requirements of the second traveling device 2200 and the second actuator 2300 are consistent with those of the first actuator 1300 and the first traveling device 1200 and will not be further described here.

[0029] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the cleaning device 2100 includes a frame body, a loading mechanism 2110 for conveying ballast discharged from the ballast cleaning device 1100, a screening mechanism for screening ballast, a unloading mechanism 2130 for conveying waste ballast screened out by the screening mechanism, and a waste ballast transfer mechanism 2140.

[0030] The main frame consists of a base frame 2151 and a support frame 2153. The support frame 2153 is fixed to the upper end of the base frame 2151, and the upper surface of the support frame 2153 is an inclined surface. Both ends of the bottom of the base frame 2151 are provided with a track wheel assembly 2157 for traveling on the track. The track wheel assembly 2157 includes a track wheel bracket fixedly connected to the base frame 2151 and a track wheel body provided at both ends of the track wheel bracket. The spacing between the track wheel bodies at both ends of the track wheel bracket is adapted to the track. A connecting beam 2154 is provided above the screening device 2100. The connecting beam 2154 is fixed to the support frame 2153 and is fixedly connected to the free end of the actuator 2300. The higher end of the support frame 2153 faces the walking device 2200.

[0031] The feeding mechanism 2110 is located above the main frame. Two sets of feeding mechanisms 2110 are fixed to either side of the support frame 2153. The feeding mechanisms 2110 can utilize conveying devices such as belt conveyors or chain scrapers. When the ballast cleaning machine 1000 is connected to the screening machine 2000, the two sets of feeding mechanisms 2110 correspond to the two sets of ballast lifting mechanisms 1130, respectively. The discharge end of the lifting and conveying assembly 1131 is located above the feed end of the feeding mechanism 2110. The feeding mechanism 2110 is tilted and aligned with the inclination of the upper surface of the support frame 2153, with the discharge end of the feeding mechanism 2110 higher than the feed end.

[0032] The screening mechanism is located below the discharge end of the feeding mechanism 2110, and the upper surface of the support frame 2153 is fixedly connected to the inner frame 2155. The screening mechanism includes a collecting hopper 2121 and a sieve plate 2123. One or more collecting hoppers 2121 can be provided. When multiple collecting hoppers 2121 are provided, the multiple collecting hoppers 2121 are arranged horizontally and fixed inside the inner frame 2155. In this embodiment, two collecting hoppers 2121 are used. The lower end of the collecting hopper 2121 is provided with an opening. The surrounding side walls of the collecting hopper 2121 are all inclined and inclined toward the opening. The sieve plate 2123 is provided above the collecting hopper 2121, and the sieve plate 2123 is inclined. The setting is that the inclination direction of the sieve plate 2123 is consistent with the inclination direction of the upper surface of the support frame 2153, and feed hoppers 2156 are provided on both sides of the side position of the sieve plate 2123 panel at a high position. The feed hopper 2156 is located below the feeding mechanism 2110, and the feed hopper 2156 is rotatably connected to the support frame 2153. A spring buffer 2122 is fixed between the sieve plate 2123 and the inner frame 2155, and one end of the spring buffer 2122 is fixed on the inner frame 2155, and the other end of the spring buffer 2122 is fixed on the sieve plate 2123. The sieve plate 2123 is fixedly connected to a vibration motor 2124.

[0033] The unloading mechanism 2130 is located below the screening mechanism. Like the loading mechanism 2110, the unloading mechanism 2130 can adopt a conveying device such as a belt conveyor or a chain scraper device. The unloading mechanism 2130 is located below the opening of the collecting hopper 2121. One or more unloading mechanisms 2130 can be provided. When there is one unloading mechanism 2130, the upper surface width of the single unloading mechanism 2130 can cover the bottom of the screen plate 2123 and receive all the waste ballast falling from the screen plate 2123. When there are multiple unloading mechanisms 2130, the multiple unloading mechanisms 2130 correspond one-to-one to the multiple collecting hoppers 2121 provided above. In this embodiment, two unloading mechanisms 2130 are provided.

[0034] The screening mechanism is horizontally located between the two loading mechanisms 2110 and vertically between the loading mechanisms 2110 and the unloading mechanism 2130. The unloading mechanism 2130 is tilted in the same direction as the loading mechanism 2110. A rear frame 2152 is provided at the higher end of the unloading mechanism 2130. The rear frame 2152 is fixed to the base frame 2151, and its upper surface is lower than the raised end of the unloading mechanism 2130. A waste ballast transfer mechanism 2140 is mounted on the rear frame 2152 and is located at the discharge end of the unloading mechanism 2130.

[0035] The waste ballast transfer mechanism 2140 includes a support column 2141, a rotating rod 1 2142, a rotating rod 2143 and an electric hoist 2144. The support column 2141 is fixed to the rear frame 2152, the rotating rod 1 2142 is rotatably connected to the support column 2141, the rotating rod 2143 is rotatably connected to the free end of the rotating rod 1 2142, and the electric hoist 2144 is set on the rotating rod 2143. Second, 2143, the electric hoist 2144 can be moved horizontally, and a storage bag can be placed on the rear frame 2152. The waste ballast ejected from the high end of the unloading mechanism 2130 enters the storage bag. After the storage bag is filled with ballast, the operator can lift the storage bag with the electric hoist 2144 and place the storage bag on the platforms on both sides of the track by controlling and adjusting the waste ballast transfer mechanism 2140, thereby achieving the purpose of waste ballast transfer.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the detachable connecting device 3000 is connected between the screening device 2100 and the ballast cleaning device 1100. The detachable connecting device 3000 includes a connecting frame 3100, a connecting seat 3200, a connecting shaft 3300, a limiting member 3400, an elastic member 1 3500, and an elastic member 2 3600. The connecting frame 3100 is hinged to the end of the base frame 2151 away from the running device 2 200. The hinge axis is parallel to the upper surface of the base frame 2151 and perpendicular to the gradient direction of the upper surface of the screen plate 2123. The connecting frame 3100 is an isosceles trapezoidal frame. The frame corresponding to the lower base of the connecting frame 3100 is connected to the base frame 2151, and the frame corresponding to the upper base is provided with a long hole along the length of the frame. The connecting seat 3200 is fixedly mounted on the side of the center frame 1141 away from the running device 1 1200. The connecting frame 3200 includes two connecting plates 2 with through holes. The connecting shaft 3300 passes through the elongated hole in the connecting frame 3100 and is movably mounted within the elongated hole. One end of the connecting shaft 3300 is threadedly connected to the stopper 3400. A stopper protrusion 3320 is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting shaft 3300 away from the stopper 3400. A connecting plate 1 3310 is mounted on the side of the stopper protrusion 3320 away from the stopper 3400. This connecting plate 1 3310 has a through hole for a pin connection. Elastic member 1 3500 and elastic member 2 3600 are butterfly springs and are mounted on the connecting shaft 3300. Elastic member 1 3500 is connected between the stopper 3400 and the connecting frame 3100, while elastic member 2 3600 is connected between the stopper protrusion 3320 and the connecting frame 3100.

[0037] A method for collaborative ballast cleaning and screening in bridges and tunnels uses the aforementioned collaborative ballast cleaning and screening system to clean and screen the tracks of bridges and tunnels. The ballast cleaning machine 1000 and the screening machine 2000 are first moved from the ground or platform to the tracks, and then connected to the tracks via a detachable connection structure to work together. The specific steps are as follows: S1 The ballast cleaning machine 1000 and the screen cleaning machine 2000 are respectively moved from the platform or the ground to the track 4000 to be ballast cleaned, and the ballast cleaning device 1100 is opposite to the screen cleaning device 2100.

[0038] S2 adjusts the positions and postures of the ballast cleaning device 1100 and the screening device 2100 respectively to match the positions and postures of the track 4000 to be ballast cleaned.

[0039] Among them, the ballast cleaning device 1100 is adjusted. First, the supporting vertical shaft 1111 is driven to drive the ballast removing chain plate assembly 1112 to rotate together until it is parallel to the track. The telescopic frame 1142 drives the ballast removing mechanism 1110 to slide outward. The telescopic frame 2 1143 drives the ballast removing mechanism 1120 and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130 to slide outward, so that the ballast removing mechanism 1110, the ballast removing mechanism 1120 and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130 are all moved to the upper position outside the track, and the two groups of lifting and conveying assemblies 1131 are opposite to the two groups of loading mechanisms 2110. The execution device 1300 drives the ballast cleaning device 1100 to move downward, and at the same time, the ballast removing chain plate assembly 1112 starts to operate. , place the ballast cleaning device 1100 on the track, and the track wheel assembly 1146 cooperates with the track. At the same time, the ballast removing chain assembly 1112 drives the ballast removing head 1115 to rotate to remove the ballast and move down to a position below the track. The supporting vertical shaft 1111 drives the ballast removing chain assembly 1112 to rotate as a whole to the bottom of the track; according to the height of the ballast at the construction site, the linear driver 3 1123 is driven to extend the feeding end of the ballast removing chain assembly 1122 into the ballast; the linear driver 4 1132 can adjust the inclination angle of the lifting and conveying assembly 1131, thereby completing the adjustment operation of the ballast removing mechanism 1110, the ballast removing mechanism 1120 and the ballast lifting mechanism 1130.

[0040] The distance between the ballast cleaning device 1100 and the screening device 2100 is adjusted so that the discharge end of the lifting and conveying assembly 1131 is located above the loading mechanism 2110 .

[0041] S3 connects the ballast cleaning device 1100 and the screening device 2100 on the track through a detachable connecting device 3000, and the connecting plate 1 3310 is inserted between the two connecting plates 2 of the connecting seat 3200, and the connection is made by inserting a pin into the through holes on the connecting plate 1 3310 and the connecting plate 2.

[0042] S4: Traveling device 1200, alone or in conjunction with traveling device 2 2200, drives ballast cleaning machine 1000 and screening machine 2000 to move synchronously along the track in the same direction. Meanwhile, ballast cleaning machine 1100 transfers ballast from under the track to screening machine 2100. Ballast removal chain assembly 1112, ballast discharge chain assembly 1122, and lifting and conveying assembly 1131 operate simultaneously. Ballast removal chain assembly 1112 removes ballast from beneath the sleepers, removing it perpendicular to the track. As the equipment advances, ballast discharge chain assembly 1122 continuously throws passing ballast onto lifting and conveying assembly 1131. The ballast on lifting and conveying assembly 1131 is transported to a higher location and dropped onto loading mechanism 2110.

[0043] S5 screening device 2100 receives and screens ballast, and feeding mechanism 2110 transports ballast upward. When it reaches the highest point, it is ejected onto feed hopper 2156, and ballast falls from feed hopper 2156 onto sieve plate 2123. Ballast with a particle size larger than the sieve holes on sieve plate 2123 is qualified ballast and will slide along the upper surface of sieve plate 2123 to the track for backfilling. Ballast with a particle size smaller than the sieve holes on sieve plate 2123 is waste ballast and will fall from the sieve holes into collecting hopper 2123 below. 21. The collecting hopper 2121 is folded and falls onto the unloading mechanism 2130 below. The unloading mechanism 2130 transports the ballast upward. When it reaches the highest point, it is ejected into the collection container. After the ballast fills the collection container, the collection container is hooked by the electric hoist 2144 on the ballast transfer mechanism 2140. By rotating the rotating rod 1 2142 and the rotating rod 2 2143, the position of the electric hoist 2144 can be controlled to transfer the collection container to the platforms on both sides of the track for centralized collection.

[0044] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative working system, characterized by: The invention comprises a ballast cleaning machine (1000) and a screen cleaning machine (2000), wherein the ballast cleaning machine (1000) and the screen cleaning machine (2000) are connected via a detachable connecting device (3000); the ballast cleaning machine (1000) comprises a ballast cleaning device (1100) and a running device (1200) for driving the ballast cleaning device (1100) to move on the ground and on a track; the screen cleaning machine (2000) comprises a screen cleaning device (2100) and a running device (1200) for driving the screen cleaning device (1100) to move on the ground and on a track; The device (2100) includes a second walking device (2200) that moves on the ground and on a track, and the detachable connecting device (3000) is connected between the screening device (2100) and the ballast cleaning device (1100); when the detachable connecting device (3000) connects the screening device (2100) and the ballast cleaning device (1100), the discharge end of the ballast cleaning device (1100) is located above the feed end of the screening device (2100).

2. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ballast cleaning machine (1000) further comprises an actuator first (1300) for changing the position and posture of the ballast cleaning device (1100) relative to the first traveling device (1200); the screening machine (2000) further comprises an actuator second (2300) for changing the position and posture of the screening cleaning device (2100) relative to the second traveling device (2200).

3. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative working system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ballast cleaning device (1100) comprises: A ballast removing mechanism (1110) is used for removing ballast from below the sleepers in a transverse direction; A ballast removal mechanism (1120) is used to lift the ballast removed by the ballast removal mechanism (1110) from the ground; a ballast lifting mechanism (1130) for transferring the ballast raised by the ballast discharge mechanism (1120) to the screening device (2100); The frame mechanism (1140), the first execution device (1300) and the detachable connection device (3000) are respectively connected to the frame mechanism (1140); the ballast removing mechanism (1110), the ballast discharging mechanism (1120) and the ballast lifting mechanism (1130) are all arranged on the frame mechanism (1140); the discharge end of the ballast removing mechanism (1110) corresponds to the feed end of the ballast discharging mechanism (1120); and the feed end of the ballast lifting mechanism (1130) corresponds to the discharge end of the ballast discharging mechanism (1120).

4. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The ballast removing mechanism (1110), the ballast discharging mechanism (1120) and the ballast lifting mechanism (1130) are each provided in two groups and are respectively provided on both sides of the frame mechanism (1140). The frame mechanism (1140) comprises a central frame (1141), two telescopic frames (1142) respectively slidably provided on the left and right sides of the central frame (1141), two telescopic frames (1143) respectively slidably provided on the left and right sides of the central frame (1141), and a driver respectively driving the telescopic frames (1142) and the telescopic frames (1143) to slide. The ballast removing mechanism (1110) is provided on the telescopic frame (1142), the ballast discharging mechanism (1120) and the ballast lifting mechanism (1130) are provided on the telescopic frame (1143), and the sliding directions of the telescopic frames (1142) and the telescopic frames (1143) are parallel.

5. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The ballast removing mechanism (1110) comprises a supporting vertical shaft (1111) rotatably connected to the telescopic frame (1142), a ballast removing chain plate assembly (1112), and a driving assembly (1113); the ballast removing chain plate assembly (1112) is fixedly arranged on the free end of the supporting vertical shaft (1111); the driving assembly (1113) comprises a driving assembly for driving the supporting vertical shaft (1111) to rotate and the ballast removing chain plate assembly (1112) to operate; the ballast removing direction of the ballast removing chain plate assembly (1112) and the sliding direction of the telescopic frame (1142) are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft (1111); The ballast discharge mechanism (1120) comprises a mounting frame (1121) slidably connected to the second telescopic frame (1143), a ballast discharge chain plate assembly (1122) arranged on the mounting frame (1121), and a driver for driving the mounting frame (1121) to slide. The sliding direction of the mounting frame (1121) is parallel to the rotation axis of the supporting vertical shaft (1111). The ballast discharge direction of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly (1122) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second telescopic frame (1143). The feeding end of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly (1122) is close to the supporting vertical shaft (1111). The ballast lifting mechanism (1130) includes a lifting and conveying assembly (1131) rotatably connected to the second telescopic frame (1143) and a driving assembly for driving the lifting and conveying assembly (1131) to rotate relative to the second telescopic frame (1143); the rotation axis of the lifting and conveying assembly (1131) relative to the second telescopic frame (1143) is parallel to the sliding direction of the second telescopic frame (1143); and the feeding end of the lifting and conveying assembly (1131) is located below the discharging end of the ballast discharge chain plate assembly (1122); The center frame (1141) is provided with a track wheel assembly (1146) for traveling on the track.

6. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screening device (2100) comprises a loading mechanism (2110) for conveying ballast discharged from the ballast cleaning device (1100), a screening mechanism for screening ballast, a discharge mechanism (2130) for conveying waste ballast screened by the screening mechanism, and a waste ballast transfer mechanism (2140), wherein the loading mechanism (2110) is located on the frame body of the screening device (2100), the screening mechanism is located below the discharge end of the loading mechanism (2110), and the discharge mechanism (2130) is located between the screening mechanism and the discharge end. Below the branch mechanism, the waste ballast transfer mechanism (2140) is located at the discharge end of the unloading mechanism (2130); when the ballast cleaning machine (1000) is connected to the screening machine (2000), the discharge end of the lifting and conveying component (1131) is located above the feed end of the loading mechanism (2110), and the loading mechanism (2110) is provided with two groups and respectively corresponds to the two groups of ballast lifting mechanisms (1130); the frame body is provided with a track wheel component 2 (2157) for walking on the track.

7. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detachable connecting device (3000) comprises a connecting frame (3100) hinged on the frame body, a connecting seat (3200) fixedly arranged on the central frame (1141), a connecting shaft (3300) passing through the connecting frame (3100), a limiting member (3400) detachably connected to the connecting shaft (3300), an elastic member 1 (3500) and an elastic member 2 (3600), wherein the end of the connecting shaft (3300) away from the limiting member (3400) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate 1 (3310) and a limiting protrusion (3320) for connecting to the pin shaft of the connecting seat (3200), the elastic member 1 (3500) is connected between the limiting member (3400) and the connecting frame (3100), and the elastic member 2 (3600) is connected between the limiting protrusion (3320) and the connecting frame (3100).

8. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic member 1 (3500) and the elastic member 2 (3600) are butterfly springs and are sleeved on the connecting shaft (3300). The limiting member (3400) is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft (3300). The connecting frame (3100) is an isosceles trapezoidal frame. A long hole is provided at one end of the connecting frame (3100) away from the screening device (2100), and the connecting shaft (3300) is movably arranged in the long hole.

9. A bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working method, characterized by: The bridge and tunnel ballast cleaning and screening collaborative working system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to clean and screen the tracks of bridges and tunnels. The ballast cleaning machine (1000) and the screening machine (2000) are first moved from the ground or the platform to the track respectively, and then connected to work together on the track through a detachable connecting device (3000).

10. The bridge and tunnel ballast and screening cleaning collaborative working method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: the ballast cleaning machine (1000) and the screening machine (2000) are respectively moved from the platform or the ground to the track (4000) to be ballast cleaned, with the ballast cleaning device (1100) facing the screening device (2100); S2 respectively adjusts the positions and postures of the ballast cleaning device (1100) and the screening device (2100) to match the positions and postures of the track (4000) to be ballast cleaned; S3 connects the ballast cleaning device (1100) and the screening device (2100) on the track via the detachable connecting device (3000); S4: the first traveling device (1200) alone or the first traveling device (1200) and the second traveling device (2200) together drive the ballast cleaning machine (1000) and the screening machine (2000) to move synchronously in the same direction along the track, while the ballast cleaning device (1100) transfers the ballast under the track to the screening device (2100); S5: The screening device (2100) receives and screens the ballast, and the qualified ballast screened out is backfilled into the track, and the waste ballast screened out is collected in a centralized manner.

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