Tunnel portal corrugated steel plate open cut tunnel structure and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel portal corrugated steel plate open cut tunnel structure which comprises an arch-shaped frame, the arch-shaped frame is formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped corrugated steel plates in a staggered mode, a concrete base is arranged at the lower end of the arch-shaped frame, a plurality of positioning pins and first embedded bolts are vertically arranged on the concrete base, and a plurality of fastening mechanisms penetrate through the corrugated steel plates. The arch-shaped frame is supported through the concrete base, the stability of the position of the arch-shaped frame is guaranteed, the gap between the outer side of the arch-shaped frame and the tunnel portal is filled with concrete, the arch-shaped frame, the concrete base and the tunnel portal form a whole, and the tunnel portal is reliably supported; geological disasters such as rockfall or collapse of the tunnel portal under extreme climate and weather conditions are avoided, normal operation of the whole railway line is guaranteed, and safety accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel openings, and in particular relates to a tunnel opening corrugated steel plate open hole structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an underground passageway that passes through surrounding soil, mud, or rock, and is typically closed except for its entrance and exit. Tunnel entrances are prone to geological disasters such as rockfalls and collapses during extreme weather conditions, such as heavy rainfall and debris flows. This is particularly true at railway tunnel entrances, where frequent train traffic can severely impact the normal operation of the entire line, leading to accidents and significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure and an installation method thereof.

[0004] The present invention is achieved as follows: a tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure includes an arch frame, the arch frame is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped corrugated steel plates staggered and connected, and the overlapping parts between the corrugated steel plates are fixedly connected by a plurality of bolts, which effectively improves the strength of the arch frame, a concrete base is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the arch frame to support the arch frame, a plurality of positioning pins and first embedded bolts are vertically and evenly fixed on the concrete base, angle steels are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame, the positioning pins and the first embedded bolts correspond to the positions of the through holes on the angle steels, the upper ends of the positioning pins and the first embedded bolts pass through the through holes and a locking nut is tightly sleeved on the first embedded bolts, the position is limited by the positioning pins, so that the angle steel is easier to connect to the concrete base, the concrete base and the angle steel are connected together by the first embedded bolts and the locking nut, thereby realizing a reliable connection between the arch frame and the concrete base, and a plurality of fastening mechanisms are evenly arranged through the corrugated steel plate, so that the arch frame is fully and reliably connected to the concrete.

[0005] Preferably, the fastening mechanism includes a bolt, a sleeve and a second embedded bolt. The bolt passes vertically through the corrugated steel plate and a locking nut is tightly fitted on the bolt, so that the nut of the bolt is pressed against one side wall of the corrugated steel plate, and the locking nut is tightly pressed against the other side wall of the corrugated steel plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the bolt position. An internal thread is provided in the sleeve and the sleeve is arranged on the outside of the arch frame. One end of the bolt and one end of the second embedded bolt are threadedly connected to both ends of the sleeve, which not only ensures a reliable connection, but also can adjust the length of the second embedded bolt according to actual needs.

[0006] Preferably, the first embedded bolt and the second embedded bolt are in a "7"-shaped structure, which ensures reliable contact between the first embedded bolt and the second embedded bolt and the concrete, and avoids separation of the first embedded bolt and the second embedded bolt from the concrete.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning pin is a threaded rod and a locking nut is tightly fitted on the positioning pin. The upper end of the positioning pin is conical, which facilitates the positioning pin to quickly pass through the through hole on the angle steel, thereby limiting the position of the angle steel, and further reliably connecting the concrete base and the angle steel through the positioning pin and the locking nut.

[0008] Preferably, the length of the locating pin at the upper end of the concrete base is greater than the length of the first embedded bolt at the upper end of the concrete base, ensuring that the angle steel contacts the locating pin first. When the locating pin passes through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel, the locating pin limits the position of the angle steel, so that the first embedded bolt can smoothly pass through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel.

[0009] Preferably, "L"-shaped flange plates are fixedly provided at both ends of the arch frame, and one end of the flange plate is connected to the outer edge of the arch frame by multiple bolts to ensure a reliable connection. The flange plate can improve the strength of the arch frame, and at the same time, multiple arch frames can be connected together through the connection between the flange plates, thereby increasing the support range of the arch frame.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the corrugated steel plate is 3 to 6 meters and the width is 1 to 3 meters.

[0011] A method for installing a tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure comprises the following steps: (1) Make a concrete base. Lay a positioning steel plate on the upper end of the mold. Vertically insert the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt into the corresponding holes on both sides of the positioning steel plate. Define the position of the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt. Adjust the height of the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt. Tighten the locking nut so that the locking nut and the upper end of the positioning steel plate are pressed together. Define the height of the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt. Fill the mold with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies. Unscrew the locking nut, separate the positioning steel plate and the mold from the concrete base, and place the concrete base flat on the ground. (2) Place multiple corrugated steel plates vertically on the ground, stagger adjacent corrugated steel plates and connect them at the overlap between the corrugated steel plates by multiple bolts to form an arch frame, thereby improving the strength of the arch frame. Fix flange plates at both ends of the arch frame by multiple bolts, which not only improves the strength of the arch frame, but also connects multiple arch frames together through the connection between the flange plates, thereby increasing the support range of the arch frame. Fix angle steel at the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame by multiple bolts, which is both reliable and convenient for connection with the anti-deformation steel frame or concrete base. (3) Place the anti-deformation steel frame vertically on one side close to the arch frame, so that the anti-deformation steel frame and the angle steel on the arch frame are pressed together, and connect the angle steel and the anti-deformation steel frame together through multiple bolts to ensure a reliable connection between the arch frame and the anti-deformation steel frame. Support the lower end of the arch frame through the anti-deformation steel frame to prevent the arch frame from deforming during the hoisting process; (4) The bolt is passed vertically through the corrugated steel plate and a locking nut is placed on the bolt so that the nut of the bolt is pressed against one side wall of the corrugated steel plate and the locking nut is pressed against the other side wall of the corrugated steel plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the bolt position. One end of the bolt located outside the arch frame is connected to the second embedded bolt through the sleeve, which not only ensures a reliable connection but also allows the length of the second embedded bolt to be adjusted according to actual needs; (5) Use a crane to lift the arch frame and place it flat on the ground, remove the bolts connecting the angle steel and the anti-deformation steel frame, separate the arch frame from the anti-deformation steel frame, lift the arch frame by a crane, and place the arch frame above the concrete base. First, pass the positioning pin through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel, and then pass the first embedded bolt through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel, so that the lower end of the angle steel is against the concrete base, and put a locking nut on the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt, tighten the locking nut, so that the locking nut and the angle steel are tightly against each other, thereby reliably connecting the arch frame to the concrete base; (6) The arch frame and the concrete base are hoisted to the designated location as a whole by a crane, and the gap between the outer side of the arch frame and the tunnel entrance is filled with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies, making the arch frame, the concrete base and the tunnel entrance become a whole, providing reliable support for the tunnel entrance.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the arch frame is supported by the concrete base to ensure the stability of the arch frame position, and the gap between the outer side of the arch frame and the tunnel entrance is filled with concrete, so that the arch frame and the concrete base and the tunnel entrance become a whole, and the tunnel entrance is reliably supported, thereby avoiding geological disasters such as falling rocks or collapse of the tunnel entrance under extreme weather conditions, ensuring the normal operation of the entire railway line, and avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the arch frame and the concrete base; Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the fastening mechanism; In the figure: 1. Arch frame; 2. Corrugated steel plate; 3. Concrete base; 4. Dowel pin; 5. First embedded bolt; 6. Angle steel; 7. Through hole; 8. Lock nut; 9. Fastening mechanism; 10. Bolt; 11. Sleeve; 12. Second embedded bolt; 13. Flange plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figure 1-3 The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure shown includes an arch frame 1, which is made up of multiple arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 2 spliced ​​together, and the overlapping parts of the corrugated steel plates 2 are fixedly connected by multiple bolts, which effectively improves the strength of the arch frame 1. The corrugated steel plates 2 are 4.5 meters long and 2 meters wide. A concrete base 3 is horizontally provided at the lower end of the arch frame 1 to support the arch frame 1. A plurality of locating pins 4 and first embedded bolts 5 are vertically and evenly fixed on the concrete base 3. Angle steels 6 are fixed at the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame 1. The locating pins 4 and the first embedded bolts 5 correspond to the positions of the through holes 7 on the angle steel 6. The upper ends of the locating pins 4 and the first embedded bolts 5 pass through the through holes 7 and the first embedded bolts 5 are tightly sleeved with locking nuts 8. The position is limited by the locating pins 4, so that the angle steel 6 is easier to connect with the concrete base 3. The concrete base 3 and the angle steel 6 are connected together by the first embedded bolts 5 and the locking nuts 8, thereby realizing a reliable connection between the arch frame 1 and the concrete base 3. A plurality of fastening mechanisms 9 are evenly provided through the corrugated steel plate 2, so that the arch frame 1 is fully and reliably connected to the concrete.

[0016] The fastening mechanism 9 includes a bolt 10, a sleeve 11, and a second embedded bolt 12. The bolt 10 passes vertically through the corrugated steel plate 2 and is tightly fitted with a locking nut 8, so that the nut of the bolt 10 abuts against one side wall of the corrugated steel plate 2 and the locking nut 8 abuts against the other side wall of the corrugated steel plate 2, thereby ensuring the stability of the position of the bolt 10. The sleeve 11 is internally threaded and is disposed on the outside of the arch frame 1. One end of the bolt 10 and one end of the second embedded bolt 12 are threadedly connected to both ends of the sleeve 11, ensuring a reliable connection and allowing the length of the second embedded bolt 12 to be adjusted according to actual needs. The first embedded bolt 5 and the second embedded bolt 12 are arranged in a "7" shape, ensuring reliable contact between the first embedded bolt 5 and the second embedded bolt 12 and the concrete, and preventing the first embedded bolt 5 and the second embedded bolt 12 from separating from the concrete.

[0017] The locating pin 4 is a threaded rod and is tightly fitted with a locking nut 8. The upper end of the locating pin 4 is tapered, which facilitates the locating pin 4 to quickly pass through the through hole 7 on the angle steel 6, thereby limiting the position of the angle steel 6. The concrete base 3 and the angle steel 6 are further reliably connected together through the locating pin 4 and the locking nut 8. The length of the locating pin 4 at the upper end of the concrete base 3 is greater than the length of the first embedded bolt 5 at the upper end of the concrete base 3, ensuring that the angle steel 6 first contacts the locating pin 4. When the locating pin 4 passes through the corresponding through hole 7 on the angle steel 6, the locating pin 4 limits the position of the angle steel 6, thereby allowing the first embedded bolt 5 to smoothly pass through the corresponding through hole 7 on the angle steel 6.

[0018] An "L"-shaped flange plate 13 is fixedly provided at both ends of the arch frame 1. One end of the flange plate 13 is connected to the outer edge of the arch frame 1 by multiple bolts to ensure a reliable connection. The flange plate 13 can improve the strength of the arch frame 1. At the same time, the connection between the flange plates 13 can also connect multiple arch frames 1 together, thereby increasing the support range of the arch frame 1.

[0019] A method for installing a tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure comprises the following steps: (1) Make the concrete base 3. Lay the positioning steel plate on the upper end of the mold. Vertically insert the positioning pin 4 and the first embedded bolt 5 into the corresponding holes on both sides of the positioning steel plate. Define the position of the positioning pin 4 and the first embedded bolt 5. Adjust the height of the positioning pin 4 and the first embedded bolt 5. Tighten the locking nut 8 so that the locking nut 8 and the upper end of the positioning steel plate are pressed together. Define the height of the positioning pin 4 and the first embedded bolt 5. Fill the mold with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies. Unscrew the locking nut 8, separate the positioning steel plate and the mold from the concrete base 3, and place the concrete base 3 flat on the ground. (2) Place multiple corrugated steel plates 2 vertically on the ground, so that adjacent corrugated steel plates 2 are staggered and connected by multiple bolts at the overlapping parts between the corrugated steel plates 2 to form an arch frame 1, thereby improving the strength of the arch frame 1. The flange plates 13 are fixed to both ends of the arch frame 1 by multiple bolts, which not only improves the strength of the arch frame 1, but also connects multiple arch frames 1 together through the connection between the flange plates 13, thereby increasing the support range of the arch frame 1. The angle steel 6 is fixed to the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame 1 by multiple bolts, which is both reliable and convenient for connection with the anti-deformation steel frame or the concrete base 3; (3) Place the anti-deformation steel frame vertically near the side of the arch frame 1, so that the anti-deformation steel frame and the angle steel 6 on the arch frame 1 are pressed together, and the angle steel 6 is connected to the anti-deformation steel frame through multiple bolts to ensure a reliable connection between the arch frame 1 and the anti-deformation steel frame. The lower end of the arch frame 1 is supported by the anti-deformation steel frame to prevent the arch frame 1 from deforming during the lifting process; (4) The bolt 10 is passed vertically through the corrugated steel plate 2 and a locking nut 8 is sleeved on the bolt 10, so that the nut of the bolt 10 is pressed against one side wall of the corrugated steel plate 2, and the locking nut 8 is tightly pressed against the other side wall of the corrugated steel plate 2, thereby ensuring the stability of the position of the bolt 10. One end of the bolt 10 located outside the arch frame 1 is connected to the second embedded bolt 12 through the sleeve 11, which not only ensures a reliable connection, but also allows the length of the second embedded bolt 12 to be adjusted according to actual needs; (5) Use a crane to lift the arch frame 1 and place it flat on the ground so that the arch frame 1 stands on the ground. Remove the bolts used to connect the angle steel 6 and the anti-deformation steel frame to separate the arch frame 1 from the anti-deformation steel frame. Use a crane to lift the arch frame 1 so that the arch frame 1 is located above the concrete base 3. First, pass the positioning pin 4 through the corresponding through hole 7 on the angle steel 6, and then pass the first embedded bolt 5 through the corresponding through hole 7 on the angle steel 6 so that the lower end of the angle steel 6 is against the concrete base 3. Put a locking nut 8 on the positioning pin 4 and the first embedded bolt 5, tighten the locking nut 8, so that the locking nut 8 and the angle steel 6 are tightly against each other, and then the arch frame 1 is reliably connected to the concrete base 3. (6) The arch frame 1 and the concrete base 3 are hoisted to the designated location as a whole by a crane, and the gap between the outer side of the arch frame 1 and the tunnel entrance is filled with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies, making the arch frame 1 and the concrete base 3 become a whole with the tunnel entrance, providing reliable support for the tunnel entrance.

[0020] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure, characterized in that: It includes an arch frame, which is formed by staggered splicing of multiple arc-shaped corrugated steel plates, and the overlapping parts of the corrugated steel plates are fixedly connected by multiple bolts. A concrete base is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the arch frame, and multiple positioning pins and first embedded bolts are vertically and evenly fixed on the concrete base. Angle steels are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame, and the positioning pins and the first embedded bolts correspond to the positions of the through holes on the angle steels. The upper ends of the positioning pins and the first embedded bolts pass through the through holes, and a locking nut is tightly fitted on the first embedded bolt. Multiple fastening mechanisms are evenly arranged through the corrugated steel plates.

2. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastening mechanism includes a bolt, a sleeve and a second embedded bolt. The bolt passes vertically through the corrugated steel plate and a locking nut is tightly fitted on the bolt. An internal thread is provided in the sleeve and the sleeve is arranged on the outside of the arch frame. One end of the bolt and one end of the second embedded bolt are threadedly connected to both ends of the sleeve.

3. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first embedded bolt and the second embedded bolt are in a "7" shape.

4. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin is a threaded rod and a locking nut is tightly sleeved on the positioning pin. The upper end of the positioning pin is tapered.

5. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the positioning pin at the upper end of the concrete base is greater than the length of the first embedded bolt at the upper end of the concrete base.

6. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An "L"-shaped flange plate is fixedly provided at both ends of the arch frame, and one end of the flange plate is connected to the outer edge of the arch frame by a plurality of bolts.

7. The tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the corrugated steel plate is 3 to 6 meters, and the width is 1 to 3 meters.

8. A method for installing a tunnel entrance corrugated steel plate open hole structure, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Make a concrete base. Lay a positioning steel plate on the upper end of the mold. Vertically insert the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt into the corresponding holes on both sides of the positioning steel plate. Adjust the height of the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt. Tighten the locking nut so that the locking nut and the upper end of the positioning steel plate are pressed together. Fill the mold with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies. Unscrew the locking nut, separate the positioning steel plate and the mold from the concrete base, and place the concrete base flat on the ground. (2) Place multiple corrugated steel plates vertically on the ground, stagger adjacent corrugated steel plates and connect them at the overlapped parts of the corrugated steel plates by multiple bolts to form an arch frame, fix flange plates at both ends of the arch frame by multiple bolts, and fix angle steels at the lower ends of both sides of the arch frame by multiple bolts; (3) Place the anti-deformation steel frame vertically on the side close to the arch frame, so that the anti-deformation steel frame and the angle steel on the arch frame are pressed together, and connect the angle steel and the anti-deformation steel frame together with multiple bolts; (4) Make the bolt pass through the corrugated steel plate vertically and put a locking nut on the bolt so that the locking nut is tightly against the side wall of the corrugated steel plate. One end of the bolt located outside the arch frame is connected to the second embedded bolt through the sleeve; (5) Use a crane to lift the arch frame and place it flat on the ground. Remove the bolts connecting the angle steel and the anti-deformation steel frame to separate the arch frame from the anti-deformation steel frame. Use a crane to lift the arch frame so that the arch frame is located above the concrete base. First, pass the positioning pin through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel, and then pass the first embedded bolt through the corresponding through hole on the angle steel so that the lower end of the angle steel is in contact with the concrete base. Put a locking nut on the positioning pin and the first embedded bolt, and tighten the locking nut so that the locking nut and the angle steel are tightly in contact. (6) The arch frame and the concrete base are hoisted to the designated location as a whole by a crane, and the gap between the outer side of the arch frame and the tunnel entrance is filled with concrete. After a period of time, the concrete solidifies.

Images