Portable straw returning depth detection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable straw returning depth detection device and method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural detection.The device is composed of a device shell, a power module arranged in the device shell, a control module, a display module, a soil electric signal detection rod and an image processing module, the device is convenient to carry and operate, can be easily applied to different farmland sites, and is high in practicability. And the detection flexibility and convenience are improved. Temperature and humidity signal parameters and straw image parameters in soil of different depths can be collected, the straw coverage rate is calculated through the image processing module, and the detection result of the straw returning depth is more accurate and reliable by utilizing depth correction of the thermal infrared imaging sensor and integrating various data and methods. And data transmission is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural detection, and relates to an auxiliary detection device and a detection method for returning straw to the field, and more particularly to a device and a detection method for detecting the depth of returning straw to the field. Background Art

[0002] Returning straw to the field is a crucial step in agricultural production. The decomposition of straw after returning it to the field directly impacts soil fertility and subsequent crop growth. Currently, testing the effectiveness of straw return to the field mostly relies on laboratory analysis, which requires sampling and bringing it back to the laboratory. This process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Currently, most on-site straw return testing methods are integrated into large agricultural machinery, making them impractical for portability and unable to meet the needs of real-time, multi-depth testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and propose a portable straw return depth detection device and method to solve the problem of portable and rapid detection of straw return effect, and further meet the needs of real-time and multi-depth detection.

[0004] The portable straw return depth detection device provided in this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A portable straw return depth detection device includes a device housing; the device is characterized in that the straw return depth detection device includes:

[0006] a power supply module, disposed inside the device housing;

[0007] a control module, disposed inside the device housing and connected to the power module;

[0008] A display module is provided on the surface of the device housing and is connected to the power module;

[0009] A soil electrical signal detection rod is connected to the interior of the device housing and is connected to the power module and the control module respectively, and is used to collect temperature and humidity signal parameters in the soil at different depths;

[0010] An image detection rod is connected to the interior of the device housing and is connected to the power module and the control module respectively, and is used to collect straw image parameters in soil at different depths;

[0011] The image processing module is arranged inside the device housing and is connected to the image detection rod and the control module respectively. The control module transmits the processed data to the display module.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the straw return depth detection device provides power to the entire device through the power module; the control module serves as the core and coordinates the work of various components; the soil electrical signal detection rod collects temperature and humidity signal parameters in the soil at different depths, the image detection rod collects straw image parameters in the soil at different depths, and the image processing module processes the image data collected by the image detection rod, and then transmits the processed data to the display module for display. This realizes a multi-parameter comprehensive detection of the straw return depth, and displays the detection results, so that users can intuitively understand the straw return situation. This device improves the accuracy and reliability of straw return depth detection by combining multiple detection methods such as soil temperature and humidity signals and straw image parameters. It solves the problems of traditional straw return depth detection, such as single detection parameters and insufficient accuracy.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the device shell is connected with a handheld handle, and the bottom is connected with a cover plate and a support frame. The handheld handle and the support frame can be quickly installed and disassembled by nuts, and the vertical distance between the support frame and the cover plate does not exceed 20 cm.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the handheld handle on the top of the device shell and the support frame at the bottom can be quickly installed and disassembled through nuts, and the vertical distance between the support frame and the cover plate does not exceed 20 cm. This structure is easy to carry and reduces the contact distance with the ground, which is convenient for rapid straw return depth detection in different farmland environments, thereby enhancing the portability and practicality of the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the soil electrical signal detection rod is composed of a telescopic motor, a telescopic rod, a temperature probe and a humidity probe. The telescopic motor forms a driving connection with the telescopic rod, and the temperature probe and the humidity probe are connected and arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod.

[0016] By employing this technical solution, a telescopic motor drives the telescopic rod to extend and retract, thereby driving the temperature and humidity probes at the bottom to collect temperature and humidity signal parameters at different soil depths. This enables precise measurement of soil temperature and humidity at different depths, providing more comprehensive soil environmental data for straw return depth monitoring.

[0017] Furthermore, the image detection rod is composed of a telescopic motor, a telescopic rod and an image sensor module. The telescopic motor is drivingly connected to the telescopic rod, and the image sensor module is connected and arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod.

[0018] The above-mentioned technical solution overcomes the limitations of relying solely on physical parameters such as soil temperature and humidity to detect straw return depth, which may not directly reflect the actual distribution of straw in the soil. The image detection rod compensates for this deficiency and enriches the detection method. The image sensor module captures images of straw at different soil depths, providing an intuitive visual basis for straw return depth detection, further improving the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0019] Furthermore, the image sensor module is composed of a fill light LED module, a visual sensor and a thermal infrared imaging sensor. When collecting images inside the soil, the fill light LED module is started to provide light source for the visual sensor to meet the requirements of image sampling and thermal infrared detection in the soil.

[0020] By adopting this technical solution, the fill-light LED module in the image sensor module activates during image acquisition within the soil, providing light for the visual sensor to meet the needs of image sampling and thermal infrared detection within the soil. The visual sensor and thermal infrared imaging sensor work together to obtain clearer and more accurate straw image information. This ensures the acquisition of high-quality image data in the soil environment, improves the image sensor module's image acquisition capabilities under different lighting and soil conditions, and thus enhances the accuracy of straw return depth detection.

[0021] Furthermore, the telescopic rod is a three-section electric telescopic rod, driven by a telescopic motor, and has a telescopic range of 0-50 cm.

[0022] By adopting this technical solution, the telescopic rod can be extended and retracted within a certain range by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the telescopic motor, thereby driving the probe or sensor at the end of the rod to reach different soil depths for detection. This expands the device's detection depth range, meeting the detection requirements of different straw return depths, and improving the device's applicability and flexibility.

[0023] Furthermore, the display module is an LCD touch screen, which can switch data interfaces and perform external connection operations.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the display module uses an LCD touch screen, which can not only display test data and related information, but also switch data interfaces and make external connections through touch operations, realizing human-computer interaction. This makes the viewing of test data and the operation of the device more intuitive and simple.

[0025] Furthermore, a Bluetooth module is provided inside the device housing, and the Bluetooth module is connected to the power module and the control module. The Bluetooth module adopts Bluetooth 5.0, which is conducive to long-distance data transmission.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution and using Bluetooth 5.0 technology, which takes advantage of its low power consumption and long-distance transmission characteristics, wireless data transmission between the device and other devices is achieved. This facilitates the transmission of detection data to other devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, computers, etc.) for further analysis, storage, and processing, facilitating data sharing and management. At the same time, Bluetooth connection also reduces the constraints of cables, improving the portability and flexibility of the device.

[0027] Furthermore, the control module is composed of a microprocessor and an image processing unit, and the image processing unit is used to calculate the straw coverage rate of soil at different depths based on the images collected by the image sensor.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the control module consists of a microprocessor and an image processing unit. The microprocessor is responsible for overall control and data processing, while the image processing unit specifically processes images collected by the image sensor, including calculating straw coverage at different soil depths. Using specific algorithms and models, the image data is analyzed to derive key information related to straw return depth, such as straw coverage. This improves the device's image data processing capabilities and efficiency, enabling more accurate calculation of straw coverage at different soil depths, providing strong support for precise detection of straw return depth and further enhancing the performance and intelligence of the entire detection device.

[0029] The present application provides a method for detecting the depth of straw return to the field using the following technical solutions:

[0030] A method for detecting the depth of straw return to field, characterized in that the specific method is as follows:

[0031] (1) Calculation of straw return depth

[0032] The depth d is calculated as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Where: f represents the focal length of the camera, unit: pixel; B represents the baseline distance of the camera, unit: meter; d represents the disparity value of the image matching point, unit: pixel;

[0035] (2) Depth correction of thermal infrared imaging sensor

[0036] Based on the heat generation characteristics of straw decomposition, the temperature-depth relationship model formula is established as follows:

[0037] T(z)=T0×e -kz

[0038] Where: T(z) represents the temperature at depth z, unit is °C; T0 represents the surface reference temperature, unit is °C; k represents the soil thermal conductivity attenuation coefficient;

[0039] (3) Calculation of the final depth D

[0040] The depth D is calculated as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Where: w1 and w2 represent weight coefficients, w1+w2=1, which requires subsequent calculation and optimization; K represents the calibrated attenuation coefficient.

[0043] By employing the above technical solution, the straw return depth calculation is based on parameters such as camera focal length, baseline distance, and the parallax value of image matching points. A preliminary depth d is calculated using a formula. This involves the principle of binocular vision measurement in computer vision. Two image sensor modules (equivalent to binocular cameras) are used to capture two images of the same scene. By finding matching points in the images and calculating their parallax, a mathematical relationship between depth and these parameters is established, combining geometric parameters such as the camera focal length and baseline distance. This allows for a preliminary measurement of the straw return depth. The thermal infrared imaging sensor depth correction takes into account the heat generated during straw decomposition. The soil temperature at different depths is affected by the straw return. By establishing a temperature-depth relationship model and using parameters such as the surface reference temperature and the soil thermal conduction attenuation coefficient, the preliminary depth measurement is corrected to improve the accuracy of the depth measurement. The final depth D is calculated by comprehensively considering the preliminary depth d and the depth corrected by thermal infrared, introducing a weighting factor and a calibrated attenuation coefficient, and performing a weighted fusion of the two to obtain a more accurate and reliable straw return depth D. This detection method combines image measurement with thermal infrared temperature measurement and uses a modified mathematical model to overcome the inaccuracy of a single detection method. It can more accurately calculate the actual depth of straw return, improving the overall performance and reliability of straw return depth detection. This provides a scientific basis for quality assessment and decision-making adjustments for straw return in agricultural production.

[0044] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0045] (1) Strong portability: The device is equipped with a handheld handle and a support frame, and both can be quickly installed and disassembled through nuts, making it easy to carry and operate. It can be easily applied to different farmland sites, improving the flexibility and convenience of detection.

[0046] (2) High detection accuracy: Equipped with soil electrical signal detection rods and image detection rods, it can respectively collect temperature and humidity signal parameters and straw image parameters in the soil at different depths, and calculate the straw coverage rate through the image processing module. It can also use the thermal infrared imaging sensor for depth correction, and integrate a variety of data and methods to make the detection results of the straw return depth more accurate and reliable.

[0047] (3) High degree of functional integration: It integrates multiple functional components such as power module, control module, display module, detection rod, etc., and each component works closely together to achieve an integrated process from data acquisition, processing to display, which not only reduces the dependence on external equipment, but also reduces the complexity of operation and improves work efficiency.

[0048] (4) Convenient data transmission: The built-in Bluetooth module adopts Bluetooth 5.0 technology, which is conducive to long-distance data transmission. It can easily send the detection data to other devices for further analysis or storage, facilitate data sharing and management, and also provide convenient conditions for subsequent big data analysis and decision support.

[0049] (5) Good applicability: The telescopic rod is a three-section electric telescopic rod with a telescopic range of 0-50cm, which can adapt to the detection needs of straw return to the field at different depths; when the image sensor module is collecting images inside the soil, it can start the fill light LED module to provide light source for the visual sensor, meeting the needs of image sampling and thermal infrared detection in the soil, ensuring that it can work normally under different soil environments and lighting conditions, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell in the device of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil electrical signal detection rod in the device of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the image detection rod in the device of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: handheld handle 1, device housing 2, power switch 3, nut 4, cover 5, support frame 6, display module 7, image processing module 8, control module 9, Bluetooth module 10, power module 11, soil electrical signal detection rod 12, image detection rod 13, telescopic motor 14, telescopic rod 15, humidity probe 16, temperature probe 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention made by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the device consists of a rectangular housing made of lightweight, sturdy engineering plastic, measuring approximately 20 cm × 15 cm × 10 cm. It connects to a handheld handle at the top and a cover and support frame at the bottom. The handle and support frame are quickly installed and removed using nuts, and the vertical distance between the support frame and the cover is 15 cm. The power module is a 12V, 5000mAh lithium battery that can continuously power the device for 4-6 hours. A charging port is located on the side of the device housing. The control module is a general-purpose 32-bit microprocessor with high computing speed and stability. It is mounted on a circuit board inside the device housing and connected to the power module via a wired connection. The display module is a 7-inch LCD touchscreen that clearly displays test data, images, and the user interface. It is located on the front of the device housing and is connected to the control module and the power module via a cable. The soil electrical signal detection rod consists of a telescopic motor, a telescopic rod, a temperature probe, and a humidity probe. The telescopic motor is mounted inside the device housing. The telescopic rod is a three-section electric telescopic rod with a telescopic range of 0-50 cm. A temperature probe and a humidity probe are mounted at the bottom of the telescopic rod. The telescopic motor forms a driving connection with the rod. The temperature probe and humidity probe, respectively, collect temperature and humidity signal parameters at different soil depths and are connected to the control module and power module via wires. The image detection rod also consists of a telescopic motor, a telescopic rod, and an image sensor module. The telescopic motor is also connected to the rod. The image sensor module, consisting of a fill light LED module, a visual sensor, and a thermal infrared imaging sensor, is mounted at the bottom of the telescopic rod. The telescopic range of the rod is also 0-50 cm. The fill light LED module provides light for capturing images within the soil. The visual sensor and thermal infrared imaging sensor, respectively, collect image parameters of straw stalks in the soil and are connected to the control module and power module via wires. A universal image processing chip is mounted on a circuit board inside the device housing and connected to the image detection rod and control module, respectively. It performs preliminary processing on the images captured by the image sensor and then transmits the processed data to the control module, which then transmits it to the display module for display.

[0058] Detection method:

[0059] Calculation of straw return depth: According to the formula in the claims, the initial depth of straw return is calculated using the image data collected by the image detection rod.

[0060] Depth correction of thermal infrared imaging sensor: Utilizing the heat generation characteristics of straw decomposition, the initially calculated depth is corrected according to the temperature-depth relationship model formula in the claims.

[0061] Final depth calculation: According to the depth calculation formula in the claims, combined with the temperature and humidity signal parameters collected by the soil electrical signal detection rod, the final straw return depth is comprehensively calculated and displayed on the display module.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the device consists of the following components: the material and appearance of the device housing are the same as those in the first embodiment, but the housing surface has been treated with an anti-slip treatment. The bottom support frame features an adjustable angle design to accommodate varying terrain and operating angles. The power module is equipped with two 12V, 8000mAh lithium batteries and features a power switch for quick replacement, ensuring continuous power supply during extended field operations. The charging port is waterproof. The control module utilizes a more powerful 64-bit dual-core microprocessor, offering faster computing speed and greater processing power, capable of simultaneously processing multiple sensor and image data. It connects to the power module in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The display module utilizes a 9-inch, high-resolution LCD touchscreen, providing a clearer and more detailed display. In addition to basic data display and operation interface functions, it also supports advanced features such as split-screen display and multi-touch. It connects to the control module and the power module via a high-speed data transmission interface. The soil electrical signal detection rod, based on the first embodiment, incorporates additional temperature and humidity probes, with multiple probes positioned at different locations on the telescopic rod to obtain more detailed soil temperature and humidity distribution data. The rest of the structure and connection methods are the same as in the first embodiment. Image detection rod: The fill light LED module in the image sensor module has higher brightness and can automatically adjust its brightness according to soil depth and ambient light. The visual sensor and thermal infrared imaging sensor have higher pixels and higher resolution, which can capture clearer and more accurate straw images. The other structures and connection methods are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment. The image processing module is equipped with a more advanced image processing chip and dedicated image processing algorithm, which can perform more complex processing and analysis on the collected images, such as straw type identification and decomposition degree analysis, to improve the accuracy and reliability of straw return depth detection. The other connection methods are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0064] The detection method is the same as that of the first embodiment above, but more sensor data and more detailed image information are combined in the calculation process to further improve the accuracy and reliability of straw return depth detection.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] like Figure 1-4As shown, the device consists of a high-strength aluminum alloy housing, offering superior pressure and impact resistance. It is cylindrical in shape, 25cm in diameter and 30cm in height. The top handle and bottom support frame are both foldable for easy portability and storage. The vertical distance between the support frame and the cover is adjustable from 10cm to 30cm. The power module is a 24V, 10,000mAh lithium battery pack equipped with an external power adapter and a solar panel interface, enabling multiple power supply options and extending the device's operating life. Both the charging and external power interfaces are aviation plugs, offering excellent waterproof and dustproof properties. The control module is equipped with a high-performance industrial-grade microprocessor with powerful computing and data processing capabilities, supporting multi-tasking parallel processing and real-time data transmission. It is connected to the power module via a dedicated high-speed communication cable. The display module uses a 10.1-inch full-HD LCD touch screen with a resolution of 1920×1080, offering excellent display quality, high brightness, high contrast, and a wide viewing angle. It can clearly display complex scientific research data and high-definition images. It is connected to the control module and the power module via an industrial-grade high-speed data bus. The telescopic rod in the soil electrical signal detection rod is a multi-section electric telescopic rod with a telescopic range of 0-100 cm, which can meet the detection needs of soils at different depths. The temperature probe and humidity probe use high-precision, high-sensitivity sensors. The probes are more densely distributed, which can obtain higher-resolution soil temperature and humidity data. The drive precision of the telescopic motor is also higher, ensuring the telescopic rod's telescopic accuracy can reach 0.1 cm. Other connection methods are the same as those in Example 1. The fill light LED module in the image detection rod's image sensor module uses a combination of LED lights with multiple wavelengths, which can adjust the spectrum according to different types of straw and soil to obtain richer image information. The visual sensor and thermal infrared imaging sensor have a higher frame rate and a wider dynamic range, which can capture more subtle straw characteristics and temperature changes. Other structures and connection methods are the same as those in Example 1. The image processing module is equipped with a professional image processing computer with a built-in high-performance graphics processing chip and scientific research-level image processing software. It can perform in-depth analysis and processing of the collected images, such as three-dimensional reconstruction of straw and simulation of decomposition process, providing more comprehensive and in-depth data support for scientific research. It is connected to the image detection rod and control module through a dedicated data interface, and is also connected to the power module.

[0067] In addition to the conventional calculation method in the claims, the detection method also combines scientific research-level soil models and straw decomposition models to perform more complex analysis and processing of the detection data to obtain more accurate and scientifically valuable straw return depth and related parameters, providing strong data support for agricultural research and soil improvement.

Claims

1. A portable straw return depth detection device, comprising a device housing (2); characterized in that: The straw return depth detection device comprises: A power module (11) is arranged inside the device housing (2); A control module (9) is arranged inside the device housing (2) and connected to the power module (11); A display module (7) is arranged on the surface of the device housing (2) and is connected to the power module (11); A soil electrical signal detection rod (12) is connected to the interior of the device housing (2), and is connected to the power module (11) and the control module (9) respectively, and is used to collect temperature and humidity signal parameters in the soil at different depths; An image detection rod (13) is connected to the interior of the device housing (2), and is connected to the power module (11) and the control module (9) respectively, and is used to collect straw image parameters in soil at different depths; An image processing module (8) is arranged inside the device housing (2) and is connected to the image detection rod (13) and the control module (9) respectively. The control module (9) transmits the processed data to the display module (7).

2. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the device housing (2) is connected to a handheld handle (1), and the bottom is connected to a cover plate (5) and a support frame (6). The handheld handle (1) and the support frame (6) are both quickly installed and disassembled through a nut (4), and the vertical distance between the support frame (6) and the cover plate (5) does not exceed 20 cm.

3. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil electrical signal detection rod (12) is composed of a telescopic motor (14), a telescopic rod (15), a temperature probe (16) and a humidity probe (17) connected together. The telescopic motor (14) and the telescopic rod (15) form a driving connection, and the temperature probe (16) and the humidity probe (17) are connected and arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod (15).

4. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The image detection rod (13) is composed of a telescopic motor (14), a telescopic rod (15) and an image sensor module (18) connected together. The telescopic motor (14) is drivingly connected to the telescopic rod (15), and the image sensor module (18) is connected and arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod (15).

5. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The image sensor module (18) is composed of a fill light LED module, a visual sensor and a thermal infrared imaging sensor. When collecting images inside the soil, the fill light LED module is activated to provide a light source for the visual sensor to meet the requirements of image sampling and thermal infrared detection in the soil.

6. The portable straw return depth detection device according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (15) is a three-section electric telescopic rod driven by a telescopic motor (14) with a telescopic range of 0-50 cm.

7. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The display module (7) is an LCD touch screen, which can switch data interfaces and perform external connection operations.

8. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A Bluetooth module (10) is provided inside the device housing (2), and the Bluetooth module (10) is connected to the power module (11) and the control module (9). The Bluetooth module (10) adopts Bluetooth 5.0, which is conducive to long-distance data transmission.

9. The portable straw return depth detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module (9) is composed of a microprocessor and an image processing unit, and the image processing unit is used to calculate the straw coverage rate of soil at different depths based on images collected by the image sensor.

10. A method for detecting the depth of straw return to field, characterized in that: The portable straw return depth detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the specific method is as follows: (1) Calculation of straw return depth The depth d is calculated as follows: Where: f represents the focal length of the camera, unit: pixel; B represents the baseline distance of the camera, unit: meter; d represents the disparity value of the image matching point, unit: pixel; (2) Depth correction of thermal infrared imaging sensor Based on the heat generation characteristics of straw decomposition, the temperature-depth relationship model formula is established as follows: T(z)=T0×e -kz Where: T(z) represents the temperature at depth z, unit is °C; T0 represents the surface reference temperature, unit is °C; k represents the soil thermal conductivity attenuation coefficient; (3) Calculation of the final depth D The depth D is calculated as follows: Where: w1 and w2 represent weight coefficients, w1+w2=1, which requires subsequent calculation and optimization; K represents the calibrated attenuation coefficient.

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