Pushing device and method for horizontal anti-seismic performance pushing and covering test of vertical shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to a pushing device and method for a vertical shaft horizontal anti-seismic performance pushing and covering test, and belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering test equipment. The invention aims to provide a pushing device and method for a vertical shaft horizontal anti-seismic performance pushing and covering test aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the pushing device comprises a telescopic top plate, an actuator, a continuous baffle assembly and a frame base; one end of the telescopic top plate is movably connected with the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly, and the other end is movably connected with the upper end of the frame base. The lower end of the continuous baffle assembly is movably connected with the lower end of the frame base. One end of the actuator is connected with the frame base, and the other end of the actuator is movably connected with the inner face of the continuous baffle assembly. A displacement curve is fitted through the continuous baffle assemblies, so that the applied displacement is more accurate, the deformation of a model soil body better conforms to a result under the earthquake action, and the problem that the displacement loading precision of a previous vertical shaft quasi-static test is insufficient is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pushing device and method for a push-over test of horizontal seismic performance of a vertical shaft, and relates to the field of geotechnical engineering test equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the development of urban underground spaces, vertical shafts, as key pathways connecting surface and underground facilities, carry out vital functions such as the transportation of personnel and materials, ventilation, and drainage, playing an indispensable role in urban construction and industrial production. Currently, vertical shafts are widely used in projects such as subway construction and underground pipeline corridors, and are crucial nodes for ensuring the normal operation of urban infrastructure. In the mining industry, vertical shafts are even more crucial for reaching deep underground and extracting mineral resources.

[0003] The propagation of seismic waves subjects vertical shafts to complex dynamic forces, potentially causing various forms of structural damage. Past earthquake disasters have shown that some shaft walls suffer severe cracking, which not only weakens the shaft's bearing capacity but can also cause problems such as groundwater leakage. Shaft joints are also prone to misalignment, affecting the shaft's overall stability and sealing. In more serious cases, the shaft can tilt, directly threatening the normal operation of equipment within and the safety of personnel.

[0004] As a key test method for evaluating the seismic performance of vertical shafts, pushover tests can intuitively reveal the mechanical response and failure mechanism of vertical shafts under horizontal loads. However, existing pushover test devices based on the integral forced reaction displacement method have many drawbacks. Some pushover devices fail to accurately simulate the complex load characteristics of the vertical shaft in the depth direction under earthquakes when applying displacement, resulting in significant deviations between test results and actual conditions. Furthermore, these devices are not universally applicable, often requiring extensive modification or redesign for prefabricated vertical shafts of different sizes and structural forms, which not only increases testing costs but also reduces testing efficiency. Furthermore, some pushover devices lack stability during the test and are easily affected by external factors, making it impossible to accurately determine the actual mechanical properties of the vertical shaft under earthquakes, seriously affecting the reliability and scientific nature of the test results. Therefore, a pushover test device and method for horizontal seismic performance of vertical shafts have been developed. This device accurately simulates the displacement curve of the soil in the depth direction under earthquakes, and is used to improve the seismic design of prefabricated vertical shafts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and provide a pushing device and method for the push-over test of the horizontal seismic resistance of vertical shafts. The device has the characteristics of high precision, high versatility and high stability, can more accurately simulate earthquake effects, and provide strong support for the study of the seismic resistance of prefabricated vertical shafts.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems and provides a technical solution: a pushing device for a horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a shaft, comprising a telescopic top plate, an actuator, a continuous baffle assembly and a frame base;

[0007] One end of the telescopic top plate is movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly, and the other end is movably connected to the upper end of the frame base; the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly is movably connected to the lower end of the frame base; one end of the actuator is connected to the frame base, and the other end is movably connected to the inner surface of the continuous baffle assembly.

[0008] A further technical solution is that a guide rail is vertically provided in the middle of the inner surface of the frame base, one end of the actuator is movably connected to the inner surface of the continuous baffle assembly, and the other end is slidably installed in the guide rail.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the continuous baffle assembly is formed by a plurality of baffles movably connected end to end in sequence, and the number of the actuators is the same as the number of the baffles.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the guide rail is connected to the frame base through a weld.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the actuator and the guide rail are slidably connected via a guide key and a keyway.

[0012] A further technical solution is that angle braces are provided on the frame base.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the movable connections are all connected by pin connections.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a lower telescopic top plate is provided between the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly and the lower end of the frame base, and both ends of the lower telescopic top plate are movably connected to the lower ends of the continuous baffle assembly and the frame base respectively.

[0015] A method for a push-over test of horizontal seismic performance of a shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Determine the number of baffles in the continuous baffle assembly, the stiffness and telescopic length of the actuator corresponding to each baffle, based on the length of the continuous baffle assembly, the height of the model device, and the analysis and calculation of the displacement curve;

[0017] Step 2: Assemble a push device for the pushover test of the horizontal seismic performance of the shaft as a forward push device based on the calculation results of Step 1; wherein the right end of the telescopic top plate is movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly, and the left end is movably connected to the upper end of the frame base; and the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly is movably connected to the lower end of the frame base;

[0018] Step 3: Based on the calculation results of Step 1, assemble a pushing device for the horizontal seismic performance pushover test of the shaft as a reverse abutment device; wherein the left and right ends of the telescopic top plate are movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly and the frame base; and the left and right ends of the lower telescopic top plate are movably connected to the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly and the frame base;

[0019] Step 4: Place the forward pushing device and the reverse abutting device on both sides of the model device, and fix the reverse abutting device;

[0020] Step 5: Then slowly push the forward pushing device until it cannot move; so that the model soil is deformed into the displacement curve shape fitted by the continuous baffle assembly, that is, the seismic response result of the shaft is obtained.

[0021] A further technical solution is that the calculation process of step one is: discretizing the curve into infinitesimal line segments, accumulating the cumulative arc length of each point, converting the curve from the coordinate space (x, y) to the arc length space s, and establishing a mapping relationship; generating segmentation points in the arc length space with a fixed line segment length; interpolating and calculating the coordinate points corresponding to each arc length through the mapping relationship between the cumulative arc length and the original coordinates; using the linear midpoint formula to directly solve, directly solving the x and y coordinates of the midpoint of the line segment; the value of the x coordinate is the extension and retraction length of the actuator.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. By fitting the continuous baffle assembly into a displacement curve, the applied displacement is more accurate and the deformation of the model soil is more consistent with the results under earthquake action, which makes up for the problem of insufficient displacement loading accuracy in previous shaft quasi-static tests.

[0024] 2. The accuracy of this device is mainly related to the length of the continuous baffle assembly. The shorter the length and the greater the number, the better the fitting effect of the displacement curve. Continuous baffle assemblies of various precisions can be set according to needs, which can achieve a balance between economy and high precision.

[0025] 3. The continuous baffle assembly of this device can be adjusted to fit multiple cosine curves, thereby simulating the displacement of various soil layers at the most unfavorable moment under earthquake action. It is suitable for pushover tests where the vertical shaft passes through one or more soil layers and has wide versatility.

[0026] 4. All connecting parts of this device can be disassembled and loaded, which is convenient for transportation and can be quickly installed on site. The device is stable and has a high safety factor. When replacing the earthquake vibration in the later test, it is easy to adjust and has a high fault tolerance rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal seismic pushover test device for a vertical shaft;

[0028] Figure 2 A side view of a shaft horizontal seismic pushover test device based on the integral forced reaction displacement method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame base and guide rails of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the actuator and the continuous baffle assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal seismic pushover test device for the vertical shaft when it is used as a support.

[0032] As shown in the figure: 1. Frame base; 1-1. Top pin lug; 1-2. Bottom pin lug; 1-3. Corner brace; 2. Actuator; 2-1. Guide key; 3. Continuous baffle assembly; 3-1. Center pin lug; 4. Guide rail; 5. Telescopic top plate; 6. Lower telescopic top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a pushing device for a horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft of the present invention comprises a telescopic top plate 5, an actuator 2, a continuous baffle assembly 3, and a frame base 1; a top pin connection ear 1-1 and a bottom pin connection ear 1-2 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the right end surface of the frame base 1;

[0035] The right end of the telescopic top plate 5 is connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 by pin connection, and the left end is connected to the top pin connection ear 1-1 of the frame base 1 by pin connection; the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 is connected to the bottom pin connection ear 1-2 of the frame base 1 by pin connection; one end of the actuator 2 is connected to the frame base 1, and the other end is connected to the continuous baffle assembly 3 by pin connection.

[0036] The continuous baffle assembly 3 is composed of several baffles movably connected end to end, and the number of actuators 2 is the same as the number of baffles. The baffles are ear-plate structures with cylindrical holes at both ends. The multiple components are connected by pins to achieve fitting of the displacement curve.

[0037] A pin connection ear 3-1 is provided at the center of the inner surface of the baffle, which is connected to the top end of the actuator 2 by a pin, so that the two can transmit force and have a certain degree of rotational freedom. The position of the continuous baffle assembly 3 is determined by the horizontal length and vertical position of the actuator 2.

[0038] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the length of each actuator 2, a guide rail 4 is vertically provided in the middle of the inner surface of the frame base 1. One end of the actuator 2 is movably connected to the inner surface of the continuous baffle assembly 3, and the other end is slidably installed in the guide rail 4.

[0039] Among them, the actuator 2 is the core component of the pushing device, which is connected to the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the guide rail 4, so that the two can both transmit force and have a certain degree of rotational freedom; the actuator 2 controls its own telescopic length through hydraulic pressure to adjust the distance between the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the frame base 1. Different actuators have different lengths, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the continuous baffle assembly 3.

[0040] Among them, the guide rail 4 is welded to the middle of the inner surface of the frame base 1, and two key slots are opened in the guide rail 4. Two square guide keys 2-1 are provided at the bottom end of the actuator 2; the actuator 2 is slidably connected to the key slot through the guide key 2-1, providing a guide for the movement of the actuator 2, thereby controlling the vertical position of the continuous baffle assembly 3; at the same time, the actuator 2 can only undergo vertical displacement.

[0041] Among them, the telescopic top plate 5 is located at the top of the device, and its own length is controlled by hydraulics. The two ends are ear plate structures, both of which have cylindrical holes. They are connected to the topmost continuous baffle assembly 3 and the frame base 1 by pin connection, and mainly play a supporting role.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to improve the strength of the present invention, a preferred implementation method is that the frame base 1 is provided with two corner supports 1-3; in order to facilitate pushing the device, a pulley is installed at the bottom of the frame base 1.

[0043] The working principle of the pushing device of the present invention is as follows:

[0044] When an earthquake occurs, ground motion is a complex dynamic process. The quasi-static method simplifies this complex earthquake dynamic action into equivalent static horizontal and vertical forces. When studying the seismic resistance of underground structures, by calculating the structure's response to these equivalent static forces, such as internal forces and deformations, we can understand the mechanical response of the structure during an earthquake. The seismic response of underground structures is mainly affected by the deformation of the surrounding soil layers. Therefore, the deformation of the soil layers can be converted into equivalent seismic loads to calculate the internal forces and deformations of the underground structure. Based on this principle, the integral forced response displacement method calculates the dynamic response displacement of the free-field model under earthquake action, and obtains the deformation of the soil along the depth direction when the relative displacement of the top and bottom of the underground structure is the maximum, that is, at the most unfavorable moment. Considering the soil-structure interaction, this displacement is applied to the soil-structure model, and the result obtained is the seismic response of the underground structure.

[0045] The test device is based on the principle of the integrated forced reaction displacement method. The device includes multiple continuous baffle assemblies. By adjusting the position and length of the actuators, the continuous baffle assemblies are fitted to the soil displacement curve along the depth direction at the most unfavorable moment obtained by the integrated forced reaction displacement method. This displacement is then applied to the soil-structure model through the device to obtain the seismic response results of the vertical shaft.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, in order to keep the bottom level, a preferred implementation method is that a lower telescopic top plate 6 is provided between the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the lower end of the frame base 1, and the two ends of the lower telescopic top plate 6 are respectively movably connected to the lower ends of the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the frame base 1.

[0047] A method for a push-over test of horizontal seismic performance of a shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Determine the number of baffles in the continuous baffle assembly 3 based on the length of the continuous baffle assembly, the height of the model device, and the displacement curve analysis and calculation, and the stiffness and telescopic length of the actuator 2 corresponding to each baffle;

[0049] The length of each continuous baffle assembly is determined to be 0.5m, which is regarded as a fixed line segment during the solution.

[0050] Fixed length split point;

[0051] The curve is discretized into infinitesimal line segments, the cumulative arc length of each point is accumulated, and the curve is converted from the coordinate space (x, y) to the arc length space s to establish a mapping relationship.

[0052] Using fixed segment lengths, segment points are generated in arc length space. By mapping the accumulated arc lengths to the original coordinates, the coordinate points corresponding to each arc length are interpolated and calculated. The linear midpoint formula is used to directly solve the x and y coordinates of the segment midpoint. The x coordinate value is the actuator extension length.

[0053] Step 2: Assemble the following according to the calculation results of step 1: Figure 1 The push device for the horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft is shown as a forward push device; wherein the right end of the telescopic top plate 5 is movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly 3, and the left end is movably connected to the top of the inner surface of the frame base 1; the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 is movably connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the frame base 1;

[0054] The specific installation steps are as follows: align the end cylindrical hole of the continuous baffle assembly 3 with the cylindrical hole of the bottom pin-joining ear of the frame base 1 and insert the pin to connect; after adjusting the length of each actuator to the calculated length, keep the guide key 2-1 at the bottom end of the actuator 2 in the vertical direction and insert it into the middle groove of the guide rail 4, rotate the guide key 2-90° to match it with the guide rail keyway, slide the actuator 4 to its respective specified height, insert the pre-made pad through the two keyways, and fix the actuator 4; before adding each actuator 4 to connect it to the continuous baffle assembly 3, first connect the baffle to the previously fixed baffle by pinning; align the cylindrical hole at the top end of the actuator 2 with the cylindrical hole of the center pin-joining ear of the baffle, and insert the pin; after the top baffle is fixed, first pin the telescopic top plate 5 to the top pin-joining ear 1-1 of the frame base 1, and adjust the length so that it is connected to the top baffle;

[0055] Step 3: Assemble the following according to the calculation results of step 1: Figure 5 The push device shown is used for the push-over test of the horizontal seismic performance of a vertical shaft, and serves as a reverse abutment device; the left and right ends of the telescopic top plate 5 are movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the frame base 1 respectively; the left and right ends of the lower telescopic top plate 6 are movably connected to the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly 3 and the frame base 1 respectively; the specific installation steps are the same as those in step 2;

[0056] Step 4: Place the forward pushing device and the reverse abutting device on both sides of the model device, and fix the reverse abutting device;

[0057] Step 5: Then slowly push the forward pushing device until it cannot move; so that the model soil is deformed into the displacement curve shape fitted by the continuous baffle assembly, that is, the seismic response result of the shaft is obtained.

[0058] The above description does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed through the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a shaft, characterized in that: It comprises a telescopic top plate (5), an actuator (2), a continuous baffle assembly (3) and a frame base (1); One end of the telescopic top plate (5) is movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly (3), and the other end is movably connected to the upper end of the frame base (1); the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly (3) is movably connected to the lower end of the frame base (1); one end of the actuator (2) is connected to the frame base (1), and the other end is movably connected to the inner surface of the continuous baffle assembly (3).

2. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (4) is vertically provided in the middle of the inner surface of the frame base (1); one end of the actuator (2) is movably connected to the inner surface of the continuous baffle assembly (3), and the other end is slidably installed in the guide rail (4).

3. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The continuous baffle assembly (3) is formed by a plurality of baffles movably connected end to end in sequence, and the number of the actuators (2) is the same as the number of the baffles.

4. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail (4) is connected to the frame base (1) via a weld.

5. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuator (2) and the guide rail (4) are slidably connected via a guide key and a keyway.

6. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Corner braces (1-3) are provided on the frame base (1).

7. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable connections are all connected in a pin connection manner.

8. The pushing device for horizontal seismic performance pushover test of a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower telescopic top plate (6) is provided between the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly (3) and the lower end of the frame base (1), and both ends of the lower telescopic top plate (6) are movably connected to the lower ends of the continuous baffle assembly (3) and the frame base (1), respectively.

9. A method for pushover test of horizontal seismic performance of a shaft, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the number of baffles in the continuous baffle assembly (3) based on the length of the continuous baffle assembly and the height of the model device, as well as the analysis and calculation of the displacement curve, and the stiffness and telescopic length of the actuator (2) corresponding to each baffle; Step 2: Assemble the push device for the horizontal seismic performance push-over test of a vertical shaft as claimed in claim 1 according to the calculation result of step 1 as a forward push device; wherein the right end of the telescopic top plate (5) is movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly (3), and the left end is movably connected to the upper end of the frame base (1); the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly (3) is movably connected to the lower end of the frame base (1); Step 3: Assemble the pushing device for the horizontal seismic resistance test of a shaft as claimed in claim 8 according to the calculation result of step 1 as a reverse abutment device; The left and right ends of the telescopic top plate (5) are respectively movably connected to the upper end of the continuous baffle assembly (3) and the frame base (1); the left and right ends of the lower telescopic top plate (6) are respectively movably connected to the lower end of the continuous baffle assembly (3) and the frame base (1); Step 4: Place the forward pushing device and the reverse abutting device on both sides of the model device, and fix the reverse abutting device; Step 5: Then slowly push the forward pushing device until it cannot move; so that the model soil is deformed into the displacement curve shape fitted by the continuous baffle assembly, that is, the seismic response result of the shaft is obtained.

10. A method for pushover testing of horizontal seismic performance of a vertical shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation process of step 1 is as follows: discretize the curve into infinitesimal line segments, accumulate the cumulative arc length of each point, convert the curve from the coordinate space (x, y) to the arc length space s, and establish a mapping relationship; generate segmentation points in the arc length space with a fixed line segment length; interpolate and calculate the coordinate points corresponding to each arc length through the mapping relationship between the cumulative arc length and the original coordinates; directly solve the x and y coordinates of the midpoint of the line segment using the linear midpoint formula; the value of the x coordinate is the actuator extension length.

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