Buffer performance detection test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of buffer inspection, in particular to a buffer performance detection test device which comprises a test track, a buffer and a test system. The bottom of the test track is fixedly connected with a base box; the top of the base box is fixedly connected with an air cylinder. The buffer is detachably connected to an output shaft of the air cylinder. A heavy hammer and a sliding block are vertically arranged in the test track in a sliding fit manner; a T-shaped protruding block is fixedly connected to the top of the heavy hammer, and a clamping assembly used for clamping the T-shaped protruding block is arranged on the side wall of the sliding block. The top of the test track is provided with a releasing assembly used for driving the clamping assembly to release the T-shaped protruding block. An L-shaped supporting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base box, and a driving assembly used for driving the sliding block to be lifted on the testing track and a telescopic assembly used for controlling the air cylinder to stretch out and draw back are arranged in the base box. The buffer performance detection test device can continuously and efficiently test the mechanical properties of the buffer under different height impact working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of buffer inspection, and in particular to a buffer performance detection test device. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production and transportation, shock absorbers are widely used to absorb and dissipate the kinetic energy of moving objects, playing a critical role in mitigating impacts and protecting equipment and personnel. Currently, shock absorber performance testing generally utilizes impact testing equipment. This involves raising an impact block to a set height and then allowing it to freely fall onto the shock absorber, simulating the impact loads experienced under actual operating conditions. However, existing testing equipment has significant limitations in its structural design and operational procedures. Conventional shock release mechanisms often rely on manual operation or electromagnetic triggering, making it difficult to precisely control the release timing (especially during high-level impacts, which can lead to energy loss due to mechanical delays) and resulting in low operational safety. Furthermore, it is difficult to control the shock absorber's impact height (the distance between the initial impact block position and the shock absorber) in real time during the test. This necessitates frequent equipment downtime to adjust the shock absorber's impact test distance, significantly reducing test efficiency. A single height adjustment operation takes approximately 15-20 minutes, and if multiple shock tests are conducted at different heights, the cumulative downtime can reach several hours, significantly impacting the test progress.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the applicant has proposed an innovative solution (see Chinese Patent Application No. 202510205308.8, "A device for testing buffer performance"). This solution involves injecting water into the impact member after it reaches its highest point, causing a buoyant push rod to push open the release mechanism, thereby automatically releasing the impact member. While this solution improves testing efficiency, it is primarily suitable for evaluating the buffer's energy absorption stability under varying load conditions (e.g., elevator buffers must be tested under multiple impact conditions, including no-load, rated load, and overload), and verifying the parameter adaptation limits of product designs (e.g., the impact tolerance of rail transit buffers for varying train masses). However, testing the buffer's durability degradation under long-term cyclic loading (e.g., verifying the 10,000-cycle impact life of automotive shock absorbers) and the consistency of its material structure (e.g., the fatigue resistance of hydraulic buffer seals) does not require adjustments to the impact member's mass. These tests, due to the high number of repetitions and the high efficiency of repeated impacts, would significantly reduce testing efficiency if the aforementioned solution were used. Current buffer detection and testing devices cannot control the impact height of the buffer in real time, and require each shutdown to adjust the impact test distance of the buffer, resulting in a significant reduction in test efficiency.

[0004] Chinese patent CN208818457U discloses a test device for testing buffer performance. After the impact of the impact member, the device requires an electric hoist to adjust the impact object to the desired height before releasing it via a release mechanism. Dynamic adjustment of the impact distance is not possible. Therefore, the applicant proposed a buffer performance test device that can continuously and efficiently perform repeated impacts on the buffer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a buffer performance detection test device, which is used to continuously and efficiently test the mechanical properties of the buffer under different height impact conditions.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A buffer performance detection test device comprises a test track and a test system; the bottom of the test track is fixedly connected to a base box; the top of the base box is fixedly connected to a cylinder, and the buffer is detachably connected to the output shaft of the cylinder; a heavy hammer and a slider are vertically slidably engaged in the test track; the top of the heavy hammer is fixedly connected to a T-shaped protrusion, and the side wall of the slider is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the T-shaped protrusion; the top of the test track is provided with a release assembly for driving the clamping assembly to release the T-shaped protrusion; the top of the base box is fixedly connected to an L-shaped support rod, and the side wall of the L-shaped support rod is rotatably engaged with a plurality of fixed pulleys, and the base box is provided with a drive assembly for driving the slider to lift on the test track and a telescopic assembly for controlling the extension and retraction of the cylinder.

[0007] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows: Before the test begins, the drive assembly within the base box drives the slider upward along the test track. Clamping assemblies on the slider's sidewalls grip the T-shaped bumps on top of the weight, lifting it. During this lifting process, the telescoping assembly within the base box controls the cylinder's expansion and contraction, adjusting the buffer's height according to experimental requirements. Since the entire adjustment process requires no downtime, the buffer's impact height can be adjusted in real time.

[0008] When the weight is raised to a predetermined height, the release assembly at the top of the test track activates, driving the clamping assembly to release the T-shaped bump. The weight then falls freely along the test track under the action of gravity, impacting the buffer on the cylinder output shaft below. At this point, the buffer absorbs the kinetic energy of the weight's fall, thus mitigating the impact.

[0009] The test system monitors the entire impact process in real time, recording the various mechanical data generated when the weight strikes the buffer. By analyzing this data, the buffer's mechanical properties under the impact height can be determined. Furthermore, the drive assembly raises the weight and the telescopic assembly adjusts the buffer's height, enabling continuous, uninterrupted impact testing at varying heights.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes the lifting and releasing of the heavy hammer without stopping the machine through the coordinated operation of the driving component, the clamping component and the releasing component. Combined with the telescopic component, the buffer height can be adjusted in real time. When multiple groups of continuous and uninterrupted impact tests at different heights are performed, the cumulative time saved can reach several hours, thereby improving the test efficiency, accelerating the experimental progress, and reducing the time cost of enterprise R&D.

[0011] 2. Compared with traditional testing devices that need to continuously control the height of the hammer and continuously grasp and release the hammer, the present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and relatively simple control logic. It not only reduces the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and debugging, but also reduces the hidden dangers of failure caused by complex structures.

[0012] 3. The present invention can simulate a variety of complex working conditions through program settings, achieving multiple uses for one machine. This design not only reduces equipment maintenance costs, but also reduces the capital investment required by enterprises to purchase multiple sets of specialized testing equipment, thereby improving the cost-effectiveness and practicality of the equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes claw hooks that are symmetrical and hinged to one side wall of the slider, the vertical ends of the claw hooks are both arc-shaped, and springs are fixedly connected between adjacent claw hooks.

[0014] Beneficial effects: When the slider moves downward, the claw hook can automatically open and clamp the T-shaped protrusion. During the rising process of the slider, the elastic force of the spring enables the claw hook to tightly clamp the T-shaped protrusion on the top of the heavy hammer, ensuring that the heavy hammer will not accidentally fall off during the lifting process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the device operation. At the same time, when the "L"-shaped claw hook moves to the release component at the top of the test track, the release component pinches one end of the claw hook toward the middle, so that the T-shaped protrusion at the other end of the claw hook can be released by the claw hook to release the heavy hammer, thereby realizing automatic clamping and release of the heavy hammer, and the grasping and release mechanism is completed by a purely mechanical structure to ensure its stability.

[0015] Furthermore, the release assembly includes an isosceles trapezoidal limiting groove opened on the top of the test track, and a trigger assembly for triggering the release assembly is provided in the limiting groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Since the claw hook is hinged on the side wall of the slider, when the slider drives the heavy hammer to rise to a predetermined height, the design of the isosceles trapezoidal limit groove allows the top end of the claw hook to move closer to the middle after being inserted into the rear limit groove, so that the T-shaped protrusion at the lower end of the claw hook can be released, ensuring that the heavy hammer is released at the same height every time, thereby improving the consistency and repeatability of the test results. This structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture, which reduces the production cost and maintenance difficulty of the release component, while also reducing the risk of failure caused by complex structure, ensuring the reliability and stability of the release action.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a driving member fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base box; the testing system is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member.

[0018] A rotating shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving member, and a wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft away from the driving member; a winding wheel is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the winding wheel and the rotating shaft rotate in cooperation, and a plurality of sliding grooves are opened circumferentially on the side wall of the winding wheel, and an iron core is slidably fitted in the sliding grooves.

[0019] Several electromagnets are embedded inward on the rotating shaft, and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnets; a steel rope is wound around the winding wheel, and the end of the steel rope away from the winding wheel passes through the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the top of the slider.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: The drive assembly achieves flexible power transmission between the reel and the shaft through the cooperation of the electromagnet and the iron core. When the electromagnet is energized, the generated magnetic force attracts the iron core, causing the reel and the shaft to rotate synchronously, and the slider is driven upward via the steel rope. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the iron core slides within the chute, separating the reel from the shaft. The slider descends under the action of gravity onto the T-shaped bump, which is then grasped by the claw hook.

[0021] Further, the telescopic assembly includes an air storage tank and a piston cylinder fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the base box; A piston is vertically slidably fitted in the piston cylinder, a piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston, a crank is hinged to the top of the piston rod, and the crank is eccentrically hinged to the wheel disc at one end away from the piston rod; An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the side wall of the piston cylinder, and a one-way valve is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the outside of the base box, the air outlet pipe is connected to the input end of the gas tank, and the output end of the gas tank is connected to the input end of the cylinder; the output end of the gas tank is connected to a solenoid valve, and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: The telescopic assembly uses the rotation of the wheel disc to drive the crank, piston rod, and piston, converting mechanical energy into gas pressure energy. When the buffer height needs to be adjusted, the test system controls the solenoid valve to open, allowing compressed air from the air tank to enter the cylinder, pushing the cylinder output shaft to expand and contract, thereby adjusting the buffer height.

[0023] Furthermore, the trigger assembly includes a micro switch fixedly connected to the limit slot, and the test system is used to receive the contact signal of the claw hook sent by the micro switch, and control the opening and closing of the electromagnet based on the contact signal.

[0024] Beneficial effect: When the slider drives the heavy hammer to rise to a predetermined height, the claw hook contacts the micro switch, and the micro switch immediately sends a contact signal to the test system. The test system controls the electromagnet to cut off the power, separates the winding wheel from the rotating shaft, and then releases the heavy hammer. The micro switch has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to install and replace, which reduces the overall cost and maintenance difficulty of the device. It is also highly reliable and can work stably during long-term use, ensuring the stability of the device operation.

[0025] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided between the cylinder and the buffer, and the test system is used to receive the impact force signal of the buffer sent by the pressure sensor.

[0026] Beneficial Effects: The pressure sensor accurately measures the pressure applied to the buffer in real time when impacted by a heavy hammer, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the testing system. The testing system analyzes and processes these signals to intuitively determine the force applied to the buffer under various impact conditions, providing key data for evaluating the buffer's cushioning performance and mechanical strength.

[0027] Furthermore, a speed sensor and a displacement sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test track, and the test system is used to receive the speed signal when the weight hits the buffer and the displacement signal when the weight falls, respectively, sent by the speed sensor and the displacement sensor.

[0028] Beneficial Effects: The velocity sensor and displacement sensor enable real-time monitoring of the weight's motion during its fall. The velocity sensor precisely measures the weight's velocity at the moment it strikes the buffer, while the displacement sensor accurately records the distance the weight has fallen. Using this data, the test system analyzes the buffer's performance under varying speeds and impact heights.

[0029] Furthermore, the test system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a control module and a display module; The data acquisition module is used to receive the speed signal when the hammer hits the buffer and the displacement signal of the hammer falling, which are sent by the speed sensor and displacement sensor, and to receive the impact force signal of the buffer sent by the pressure sensor, to calculate the mechanical performance data of the buffer and generate test data.

[0030] The control module is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member and the opening and closing of the electromagnet; the control module is also used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve using a dynamic test mechanism.

[0031] The display module includes a display for displaying test data in real time; the test data includes the speed of the heavy hammer when it hits the buffer, the displacement of the heavy hammer when it falls, and the impact force on the buffer.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The test system integrates functions such as multi-dimensional data precision collection and analysis, automatic control, human-computer interaction visualization, fault diagnosis, compatibility expansion and energy efficiency optimization. Combined with the coordinated operation of drive components, clamping components, release components and telescopic components, it realizes continuous and efficient testing of the mechanical properties of the buffer under impact conditions of different heights, with the advantages of improving test efficiency, data accuracy, equipment versatility and reducing costs and energy consumption.

[0033] Furthermore, in the control module, the dynamic testing mechanism includes the following steps: Step 1: Before the test begins, the user sets multiple sets of weight drop displacements and corresponding buffer height parameters through the test system to generate a test sequence.

[0034] Step 2: During the test, after completing a heavy hammer impact test, the control module calculates the cylinder gas volume required to be increased in the current stage based on the test sequence, controls the opening time of the solenoid valve, allows the compressed air in the air tank to enter the cylinder, pushes the cylinder output shaft to extend, increases the buffer height, and shortens the displacement of the heavy hammer.

[0035] Beneficial effect: By pre-setting multiple sets of displacement and buffer height parameters, the test system can automatically adjust the cylinder gas volume and buffer height according to the test sequence, and complete continuous impact tests at different heights without human intervention, avoiding the time-consuming problem of traditional manual adjustment during shutdown, and further improving test efficiency.

[0036] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of the buffer performance testing device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a side sectional view of the base box in the buffer performance detection test device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a front sectional isometric view of the base box in the buffer performance detection test device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a front cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft in the buffer performance detection test device of the present invention.

[0042] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. test track; 2. L-shaped support rod; 3. base box; 4. cylinder; 5. heavy hammer; 6. slider; 7. T-shaped bump; 8. claw hook; 9. spring; 10. limit groove; 11. reduction motor; 12. rotating shaft; 13. wheel; 14. winding wheel; 15. iron core; 16. electromagnet; 17. steel rope; 18. fixed pulley; 19. gas tank; 20. piston cylinder; 21. piston rod; 22. crank; 23. air inlet pipe; 24. air outlet pipe; 25. micro switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Example: As shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown: A buffer performance detection test device includes a test track 1 and a test system; the bottom of the test track 1 is fixedly connected to a base box 3 by bolts; the top of the base box 3 is fixedly connected to a cylinder 4 by bolts, and the buffer 2 is detachably connected to the output shaft of the cylinder 4; this embodiment provides a method for placing the buffer into the test track 1, specifically, opening a placement opening on the side wall of the test track 1 near its bottom, for detachably connecting the buffer to be tested to the output shaft of the cylinder 4.

[0044] A heavy hammer 5 and a slider 6 are vertically slidably fitted in the test track 1; a T-shaped protrusion 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the heavy hammer 5 by bolts, and a clamping assembly for clamping the T-shaped protrusion 7 is provided on the side wall of the slider 6; a release assembly for driving the clamping assembly to release the T-shaped protrusion 7 is provided on the top of the test track 1; an L-shaped support rod 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base box 3 by bolts, and a number of fixed pulleys 18 are rotatably fitted on the side wall of the L-shaped support rod 2. A driving assembly for driving the slider 6 to lift on the test track 1 and a telescopic assembly for controlling the extension and retraction of the cylinder 4 are provided in the base box 3.

[0045] As attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the clamping assembly includes claw hooks 8 that are symmetrical and hinged on a side wall of the slider 6. The vertical ends of the claw hooks 8 are both arc-shaped, and springs 9 are fixedly connected between adjacent claw hooks 8 by bolts.

[0046] The release assembly includes an isosceles trapezoidal limiting groove 10 opened on the top of the test track 1 , and a trigger assembly for triggering the release assembly is arranged in the limiting groove 10 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the initial position of the weight 5 is located above the buffer 2 .

[0048] Combine Figure 2As shown, when the slider 6 slides downward on the test track 1 due to its own weight, driving the claw hook 8 to move downward and contact the T-shaped protrusion 7 on the heavy hammer 5, the claw hook 8 is hinged on the side wall of the slider 6, and the adjacent claw hooks 8 are fixedly connected with a spring 9 by bolts. At this time, the bottom ends of the adjacent claw hooks 8 can expand and pass through the horizontal end of the T-shaped protrusion 7, and the spring 9 is compressed. When the bottom ends of the claw hooks 8 drop to the bottom of the horizontal end of the T-shaped protrusion 7, the spring 9 recovers its deformation and makes the bottom ends of the adjacent claw hooks 8 retract with each other, so that the bottom ends of the claw hooks 8 can clamp the T-shaped protrusion 7, thereby realizing the clamping of the heavy hammer 5 by the claw hooks 8.

[0049] Combine Figure 2 As shown, when the slider 6 drives the claw hook 8 and then drives the heavy hammer 5 to move to the position of the limit slot 10 at the top of the test track 1, the top of the claw hook 8 can be inserted into the limit slot 10. Since the limit slot 10 is an isosceles trapezoid, which is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top, when the upper end of the claw hook 8 is inserted into the limit slot 10, the upper ends of the claw hooks 8 can move closer to each other, so that the bottom ends of the claw hooks 8 expand each other, and then the bottom ends of the claw hooks 8 loosen the horizontal ends of the T-shaped protrusions 7, releasing the heavy hammer 5, realizing the functional linkage of grabbing and releasing the heavy hammer 5, so that the heavy hammer 5 can perform free fall motion and hit the buffer 2 at the bottom end of the test track 1.

[0050] As attached Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the driving assembly includes a driving member fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base box 3 by bolts; the test system is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member. In this embodiment, the driving member is a reduction motor 11.

[0051] The output shaft of the reduction motor 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 12 by bolts, and the end of the rotating shaft 12 away from the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to a wheel 13 by bolts; a winding wheel 14 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 12, and the winding wheel 14 and the rotating shaft 12 rotate in coordination.

[0052] Combine Figure 5 As shown, the side wall of the winding wheel 14 is provided with a plurality of chute grooves circumferentially, each of which slides with an iron core 15. Several electromagnets 16 are embedded circumferentially inwardly of the rotating shaft 12, and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnets 16. A steel rope 17 is wound around the winding wheel 14. The end of the steel rope 17 away from the winding wheel 14 passes through a fixed pulley 18 and is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 6 by bolts.

[0053] Combine Figure 2 As shown, the trigger assembly includes a micro switch 25 fixedly connected to the limit slot 10 by screws. The test system is used to receive the contact signal of the claw hook 8 sent by the micro switch 25 and control the opening and closing of the electromagnet 16 based on the contact signal.

[0054] When the claw hook 8 clamps the T-shaped protrusion 7, the test system controls the output shaft of the reduction motor 11 to rotate and drive the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, and at the same time controls the electromagnet 16 to be energized. Since there is an iron core 15 slidingly fitted in the slide groove, the electromagnet 16 is energized to attract the iron core 15. At this time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 12 drives the winding wheel 14 to rotate. Since there is a steel rope 17 wound on the winding wheel 14, the winding wheel 14 rotates to reel in the steel rope 17, thereby driving the slider 6 fixed with the steel rope 17 by bolts to lift upward. When the claw hook 8 moves to the limit slot 10 and triggers the microswitch 25, the heavy hammer 5 falls freely and impacts the buffer 2. At the same time, the test system receives the contact signal and immediately controls the electromagnet 16 to close for 10s, so that the electromagnet 16 is loose. The iron core 15 is attracted for 10 seconds. At this time, under the action of the gravity of the slider 6 itself, the slider 6 drives the claw hook 8 to do free fall motion. When the heavy hammer 5 first falls on the buffer 2 for impact test, the claw hook 8 immediately falls on the T-shaped protrusion 7 to clamp the heavy hammer 5. After 10 seconds, the test system controls the electromagnet 16 to attract the iron core 15 and lift the heavy hammer 5. The above process is repeated, realizing the function of multiple tests on the buffer 2. Compared with the traditional test device that needs to continuously control the height of the heavy hammer 5 and continuously grasp and release the heavy hammer 5, the present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and relatively simple control logic, which not only reduces the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and debugging, but also reduces the hidden dangers of failure caused by complex structure.

[0055] As attached Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the telescopic assembly includes an air storage tank 19 and a piston cylinder 20 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the base box 3 by bolts.

[0056] A piston is vertically slidably fitted in the piston cylinder 20 , and a piston rod 21 is integrally formed on the piston. A crank 22 is hinged to the top of the piston rod 21 , and the crank 22 is eccentrically hinged to the wheel disc 13 at one end away from the piston rod 21 .

[0057] An air inlet pipe 23 and an air outlet pipe 24 are connected to the side wall of the piston cylinder 20, and a one-way valve is connected inside the air inlet pipe 23 and the air outlet pipe 24. The air inlet pipe 23 is connected to the outside of the base box 3, and the air outlet pipe 24 is connected to the input end of the air storage tank 19, and the output end of the air storage tank 19 is connected to the input end of the cylinder 4; the output end of the air storage tank 19 is connected to the solenoid valve, and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0058] When the rotating shaft 12 rotates, it can drive the wheel plate 13 to rotate. Since one end of the crank 22 is eccentrically hinged to the wheel plate 13, and the other end of the crank 22 is hinged to the piston rod 21, when the wheel plate 13 rotates, it drives the crank 22 and then drives the piston rod 21 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the piston rod 21 drives the piston to do up and down piston movement in the piston cylinder 20. Under the action of the one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 23 and the air outlet pipe 24 on the side wall of the piston cylinder 20, the air outside the base box 3 can be sucked into the piston cylinder 20, and then transported from the air outlet pipe 24 to the air storage tank 19 for storage. When the test system needs to control the extension of the output shaft of the cylinder 4, the test system opens a certain time and then closes it by controlling the solenoid valve. At this time, the high-pressure gas in the air storage tank 19 can enter the cylinder 4, causing the output shaft of the cylinder 4 to extend a certain distance, thereby adjusting the height of the buffer 2, thereby changing the displacement of the falling hammer 5. Compared with traditional impact testing machines, the present invention can realize continuous, multiple and different impact displacement testing of the buffer 2 without frequently starting and stopping the testing machine, and can be achieved by only using one driving force, which has the advantage of saving energy.

[0059] As attached Figure 4 Specifically, a pressure sensor is provided between cylinder 4 and buffer 2. The test system is configured to receive impact force signals transmitted by the pressure sensor, indicating the impact force on buffer 2. A velocity sensor and a displacement sensor are screwed to the inner wall of test track 1. The test system is configured to receive velocity signals transmitted by the velocity sensor and displacement signals transmitted by the displacement sensor, indicating the velocity of weight 5 striking buffer 2 and the displacement of weight 5 falling.

[0060] The pressure sensor can accurately measure the pressure exerted on the buffer 2 when it is impacted by the weight 5 in real time, convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the test system. The test system analyzes and processes these signals, and can intuitively obtain the force conditions of the buffer 2 under different impact conditions, providing key data support for evaluating the buffering performance, mechanical strength, etc. of the buffer 2. The setting of the velocity sensor and displacement sensor can monitor the movement state of the weight 5 in real time during the falling process. The velocity sensor accurately measures the speed of the weight 5 at the moment of impact with the buffer 2, and the displacement sensor accurately records the distance the weight 5 falls. Through these data, the test system can analyze the performance of the buffer 2 under impacts of different speeds and heights.

[0061] Specifically, the test system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a control module and a display module.

[0062] The data acquisition module is used to receive the speed signal when the hammer 5 hits the buffer 2 and the displacement signal of the falling hammer 5 sent by the speed sensor and the displacement sensor, and to receive the impact force signal of the buffer 2 sent by the pressure sensor, to calculate the mechanical performance data of the buffer 2 and generate test data.

[0063] The control module is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member and the opening and closing of the electromagnet 16; the control module is also used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve using a dynamic test mechanism.

[0064] The display module includes a display for displaying test data in real time; the test data includes the speed of the weight 5 when it hits the buffer 2, the displacement of the weight 5 when it falls, and the impact force on the buffer 2.

[0065] Among them, in the control module, the dynamic testing mechanism includes the following steps: Step 1: Before the test begins, the user sets multiple sets of weight 5 drop displacements and corresponding buffer 2 height parameters through the test system to generate a test sequence.

[0066] Step 2: During the test, after completing an impact test of the heavy hammer 5, the control module calculates the amount of air in the cylinder 4 required to be increased in the current stage according to the test sequence, controls the opening time of the solenoid valve, and allows the compressed air in the air tank 19 to enter the cylinder 4, pushing the output shaft of the cylinder 4 to extend, increasing the height of the buffer 2, and shortening the displacement of the heavy hammer 5 when falling.

[0067] The specific implementation process is as follows: The buffer to be tested is detachably connected to the output shaft of the cylinder 4 through the placement port. Then, the control module is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the reduction motor 11, and at the same time, the electromagnet 16 is energized to attract the iron core 15. The winding wheel 14 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 12, and the steel rope 17 is wound to drive the slider 6 to move upward along the test track 1.

[0068] During the rising process of the slider 6, the claw hook 8 on the side wall tightly clamps the T-shaped protrusion 7 on the top of the heavy hammer 5 due to the elastic force of the spring 9, ensuring that the heavy hammer 5 is lifted synchronously.

[0069] When the wheel disc 13 rotates with the rotating shaft 12, the eccentrically hinged crank 22 drives the piston rod 21 to reciprocate, and the piston draws external air in the piston cylinder 20 and compresses it into the air storage tank 19 for storage.

[0070] If the height of the buffer 2 needs to be adjusted, the test system calculates the required air volume of the cylinder 4 according to the test sequence, and controls the corresponding opening time of the solenoid valve. For example, when the height of the buffer 2 increases by 50 mm, it is opened for 3 seconds; the compressed air in the air tank 19 pushes the output shaft of the cylinder 4 to extend, driving the buffer 2 to rise by 50 mm, thereby shortening the falling displacement of the heavy hammer 5 by 50 mm.

[0071] When the slider 6 drives the heavy hammer 5 to rise to the isosceles trapezoidal limit groove 10 at the top of the test track 1, the upper end of the claw hook 8 is inserted into the limit groove 10 and is squeezed toward the middle by the inner wall of the trapezoid, while contacting the micro switch 25. The bottom end of the claw hook 8 expands and releases the T-shaped protrusion 7, and the heavy hammer 5 falls freely.

[0072] At the moment when the heavy hammer 5 hits the buffer 2, the data acquisition module uses the pressure sensor to collect the impact force signal of the heavy hammer 5 on the buffer 2 in real time, the speed sensor records the impact speed of the heavy hammer 5 on the buffer 2, and the displacement sensor feeds back the displacement of the falling heavy hammer 5.

[0073] Subsequently, after receiving the trigger signal of the micro switch 25, the control module controls the electromagnet 16 to be powered off for 10 seconds, the iron core 15 is separated from the electromagnet 16, the winding wheel 14 stops rotating, and the slider 6 falls under the action of gravity.

[0074] During the falling process of the slider 6, the bottom end of the claw hook 8 expands and passes through the horizontal end of the T-shaped protrusion 7. After the spring 9 recovers its deformation, it retracts and clamps the T-shaped protrusion 7 to complete the re-grabbing of the heavy hammer 5.

[0075] After 10 seconds, the electromagnet 16 is energized again to attract the iron core 15, and the winding wheel 14 reels in the line and lifts the heavy hammer 5. At the same time, the control module controls the solenoid valve to adjust the height of the cylinder 4 according to the test sequence, for example, shortening the displacement of the heavy hammer 5 to the next set value and entering the next round of impact test.

[0076] The above process is repeated until all preset test sequences are completed. The display module displays the speed, displacement and impact force data curves of each test in real time for the operator to monitor and analyze.

[0077] The operator can compare multiple sets of data through the display, analyze the performance change trend of the buffer 2 under impacts of different heights, and generate an experimental report.

[0078] The present invention achieves the lifting and release of the weight 5 without stopping the machine through the coordinated operation of the driving component, the clamping component, and the release component. Combined with the telescopic component to adjust the height of the buffer 2 in real time, multiple sets of continuous and uninterrupted impact tests at different heights can be performed, saving up to several hours of cumulative time, thereby improving test efficiency, accelerating experimental progress, and reducing the time and cost of enterprise research and development. At the same time, compared with traditional test devices that require continuous control of the height of the weight 5 and continuous grasping and releasing of the weight 5, the present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and relatively simple control logic, which not only reduces the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and debugging, but also reduces the potential for failure caused by complex structures.

[0079] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buffer performance testing device, comprising a test track (1), characterized in that: Also included is a test system; the bottom of the test track (1) is fixedly connected to a base box (3); A cylinder (4) for adjusting the height of the buffer is installed on the top of the base box (3) located in the test track (1); A weight (5) and a slider (6) are vertically slidably fitted in the test track (1); a T-shaped protrusion (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the weight (5), and a clamping assembly for clamping the T-shaped protrusion (7) is provided on the side wall of the slider (6); A release assembly is provided on the top of the test track (1) for driving the clamping assembly to release the T-shaped protrusion (7); An L-shaped support rod (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the base box (3), and a plurality of fixed pulleys (18) are rotatably engaged on the side wall of the L-shaped support rod (2). A driving assembly for driving the slider (6) to lift on the test track (1) and a telescopic assembly for controlling the telescopic movement of the cylinder (4) are provided in the base box (3).

2. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises claw hooks (8) which are symmetrical and hinged on a side wall of the slider (6). The vertical ends of the claw hooks (8) are both arc-shaped, and springs (9) are fixedly connected between adjacent claw hooks (8).

3. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The release assembly comprises an isosceles trapezoidal limiting groove (10) opened on the top of the test track (1), and a triggering assembly for triggering the release assembly is provided in the limiting groove (10).

4. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a driving member fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base box (3); the testing system is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member; A rotating shaft (12) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving member, and a wheel (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (12) away from the driving member; a winding wheel (14) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (12), and the winding wheel (14) and the rotating shaft (12) are rotatably matched. A plurality of sliding grooves are opened on the side wall of the winding wheel (14), and an iron core (15) is slidably matched in each of the sliding grooves; A plurality of electromagnets (16) are embedded inwardly on the rotating shaft (12), and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnets (16); a steel rope (17) is wound around the winding wheel (14), and the end of the steel rope (17) away from the winding wheel (14) passes through the fixed pulley (18) and is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (6).

5. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly comprises an air storage tank (19) and a piston cylinder (20) fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the base box (3); A piston is vertically slidably fitted in the piston cylinder (20), a piston rod (21) is fixedly connected to the piston, a crank (22) is hinged to the top end of the piston rod (21), and an end of the crank (22) away from the piston rod (21) is eccentrically hinged to the wheel disc (13); The side wall of the piston cylinder (20) is connected with an air inlet pipe (23) and an air outlet pipe (24), and the air inlet pipe (23) and the air outlet pipe (24) are both connected with a one-way valve. The air inlet pipe (23) is connected to the outside of the base box (3), the air outlet pipe (24) is connected to the input end of the air storage tank (19), and the output end of the air storage tank (19) is connected to the input end of the cylinder (4); the output end of the air storage tank (19) is connected to a solenoid valve, and the test system is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

6. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger assembly includes a micro switch (25) fixedly connected to the limit slot (10), and the test system is used to receive a contact signal of the claw hook (8) sent by the micro switch (25) and control the opening and closing of the electromagnet (16) based on the contact signal.

7. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided between the cylinder (4) and the buffer, and the test system is used to receive the impact force signal of the buffer sent by the pressure sensor.

8. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A speed sensor and a displacement sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test track (1), and the test system is used to receive speed signals sent by the speed sensor and the displacement sensor when the weight (5) hits the buffer and displacement signals when the weight (5) falls, respectively.

9. The buffer performance testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a control module and a display module; A data acquisition module is used to receive a speed signal of the weight (5) striking the buffer and a displacement signal of the weight (5) falling, which are sent by a speed sensor and a displacement sensor, and to receive an impact force signal of the buffer received, which is sent by a pressure sensor, to calculate mechanical performance data of the buffer and generate test data; A control module is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member and the opening and closing of the electromagnet (16); the control module is also used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve using a dynamic test mechanism; The display module includes a display, and the display is used to display test data in real time; the test data includes the speed of the heavy hammer (5) when it hits the buffer, the displacement of the heavy hammer (5) when it falls, and the impact force received by the buffer.

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