Automobile ball pin wear test equipment
By designing an automotive ball pin wear test device that includes rotation, swing and loading mechanisms, the problem that existing equipment cannot simulate multi-directional composite loads is solved, and more accurate test results are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510871232.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing automotive ball pin durability test equipment can only simulate bending moment in a single direction and cannot simultaneously consider the combined effects of axial force, radial force, rotation and swinging motion that the ball pin may be subjected to in actual work, resulting in inaccurate test results.
An automotive ball pin wear test equipment was designed, which includes a rotating mechanism, a swinging mechanism, a loading mechanism and an installation mechanism. It can simultaneously apply rotational load, swinging load, axial load and radial load to simulate multi-directional composite load conditions.
The multi-degree-of-freedom simulation of the ball pin in actual working conditions is realized, and the test results are closer to the actual usage scenarios, which improves the authenticity and effectiveness of the test.
Smart Images
Figure CN120651512A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ball pin wear testing, in particular to an automobile ball pin wear testing device. Background Art
[0002] In the automotive manufacturing and R&D fields, ball studs are key components in vehicle steering and suspension systems, and their performance directly impacts the vehicle's stability, safety, and handling. During actual vehicle operation, ball studs are subjected to complex loads from multiple directions. For example, during steering operations, the ball stud not only bears the radial load generated by the steering force, but also the axial force and swing torque caused by changes in the wheel steering angle. When the vehicle travels over bumpy roads, the ball stud is subjected to impact loads from uneven surfaces, and these loads present diverse combinations and variations depending on the driving speed, road conditions, and driving operation.
[0003] However, existing domestic automotive ball pin durability test equipment can only simulate uniaxial reciprocating motion. This single motion mode is far from being able to effectively replicate the multi-directional composite load conditions faced by the ball pin during actual vehicle operation. Taking the common ball pin bending fatigue test device as an example, it can often only apply a bending moment in a single direction to the ball pin, and cannot simultaneously take into account the combined effects of axial force, radial force, rotation and swinging motion that the ball pin may withstand in actual work, and cannot accurately evaluate the performance and durability of the ball pin in actual use. To this end, we proposed an automotive ball pin wear test equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention aims to provide a wear test device for an automobile ball pin, so as to solve the problem that the existing technology can only apply bending moment in a single direction to the ball pin, and cannot simultaneously take into account the combined effects of axial force, radial force, rotation and swinging motion that the ball pin may withstand in actual work.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automobile ball pin wear test equipment, including a rotating mechanism, a swinging mechanism, a loading mechanism, an installation mechanism and a test bench, the rotating mechanism is arranged in the test bench, the swinging mechanism is arranged between the rotating mechanisms, the installation mechanism is arranged in the swinging mechanism, the installation mechanism is used to install the test piece, the loading mechanism is arranged in the test bench, the loading mechanism can be connected to the installation mechanism, the loading mechanism can provide axial load and radial load to the test piece, the swinging mechanism can provide a swinging load to the test piece, and the rotating mechanism can provide a rotational load to the test piece, thereby realizing multi-directional composite load on the test piece.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of the rotational, swinging, and loading mechanisms, the device can provide rotational and swinging loads, as well as axial and radial loads, to the test piece, simulating multi-directional composite loads. This multi-degree-of-freedom testing method effectively replicates the complex operating conditions experienced by automotive ball studs during actual vehicle operation, making the testing environment more realistic and significantly enhancing the authenticity and validity of the test results.
[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the rotating mechanism includes a left swing shaft, a right swing shaft, a first drive member and a diaphragm coupling. The left swing shaft and the right swing shaft are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the test bench. The first drive member is arranged on the outer wall of the test bench close to the right swing shaft. One end of the diaphragm coupling is connected to the right swing shaft, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the first drive member. The swing mechanism is arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft. The first drive member can drive the right swing shaft to rotate, thereby driving the swing mechanism to rotate.
[0008] The beneficial effects are: the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft are connected by the swing mechanism, so that the first driving member can drive the right swing shaft to rotate according to preset parameters, and then drive the swing mechanism to rotate, thereby meeting the stringent requirements of the automobile ball pin for simulating the rotation working condition in the multi-directional composite load test, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the test data. The diaphragm coupling relies on the elastic deformation of the metal diaphragm to compensate for the relative displacement of the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft, avoiding the energy loss and reduced transmission efficiency caused by friction and wear, and also reducing maintenance costs and maintenance frequency.
[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the swing mechanism includes a second driving member, a swing crankshaft, a swing rocker member and a swing mounting member, the second driving member is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the test bench away from the left swing shaft, and the output shaft of the second driving member passes through the left swing shaft, the swing mounting member is arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft, the swing mounting member includes two fixed seats and roller bearings, the two fixed seats are symmetrically arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft, the two roller bearings are respectively arranged in the two fixed seats, the swing crankshaft is arranged between the two roller bearings, and a connecting hole is opened in the middle of the swing crankshaft, and the connecting hole can be connected with the mounting mechanism The swing rocker member is connected between the left swing shaft and the swing crankshaft, and the swing rocker member includes a rotating rod, a universal joint yoke, an extension block, an arc block and a connecting block. The outer wall of the left swing shaft is symmetrically provided with mounting seats, the rotating rod is rotatably installed between the mounting seats, the universal joint yoke is provided on the outer wall of the rotating rod, the extension block is provided at one end of the rotating rod passing through the mounting seat, the connecting block is provided at one end of the swing crankshaft passing through the fixed seat, one end of the arc block is connected to the extension block, and the other end is connected to the connecting block. The output shaft of the second driving member is rotatably connected to the universal joint yoke, and the second driving member can drive the rotating rod to rotate back and forth through the universal joint yoke.
[0010] The beneficial effects are as follows: through the mutual cooperation of the second driving member, the swing crankshaft and the swing rocker member, the swing mechanism can accurately control the swing angle, frequency and amplitude of the test piece. The output shaft of the second driving member passes through the left swing shaft and is connected to the universal joint yoke, thereby converting the linear motion of the output shaft of the second driving member into the rotational motion of the rotating rod, and then driving the swing crankshaft to swing in the roller bearing through the arc block and the connecting block. The swing mechanism is connected to the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft through the roller bearing and the fixed seat, so that the test piece can not only achieve a maximum rotation of 55° with the rotating mechanism, and the rotation frequency can reach more than 10 Hz, but also achieve a 45° swing with the swing mechanism, and the swing frequency can reach more than 20 Hz. This composite motion mode effectively simulates the complex working conditions of the automobile ball pin in the process of driving, which is subjected to both rotational and swinging loads at the same time. It solves the technical problem that traditional test equipment cannot achieve multi-degree-of-freedom collaborative loading, and makes the test results closer to actual usage.
[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the loading mechanism includes a radial loading component and an axial loading component, the radial loading component includes a third driving member and a loading connecting member, the third driving member is arranged at an end of the test bench away from the swinging mechanism, the loading connecting member is arranged between the mounting mechanism and the third driving member, and one end of the loading connecting member is connected to the mounting mechanism, and the other end is connected to the output end of the third driving member, the axial loading component includes a fourth driving member and a loading connecting member, the fourth driving member is arranged at the upper end of the test bench, one end of the loading connecting member is connected to the output end of the fourth driving member, and the other end is connected to the mounting mechanism.
[0012] The beneficial effects are: the independent setting of the radial loading component and the axial loading component enables the test equipment to accurately control the application of radial and axial loads respectively. The third drive member and the fourth drive member can independently adjust the size, direction and frequency of the output force according to the test requirements, accurately reproducing the complex stress conditions that the automobile ball pin is subjected to during actual vehicle operation, effectively solving the problem of limited detection freedom of traditional equipment, and allowing the test data to more realistically reflect the actual performance of the ball pin. The loading mechanism works closely with the rotating mechanism and the swinging mechanism to achieve multi-directional composite load loading in one test. The radial loading component, the axial loading component, the swinging mechanism, and the rotating mechanism operate in coordination. There is no need to adjust the test workpiece and process multiple times to simulate the comprehensive stress state of the ball pin under different working conditions. Compared with traditional uniaxial reciprocating motion test equipment, the test cycle is greatly shortened, repeated operations are reduced, and the efficiency of automobile ball pin performance testing is significantly improved.
[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the radial loading assembly also includes a diaphragm loader, a support seat and a connecting seat. The support seat is arranged at the upper end of the test bench. A slide rail is provided at the upper end of the support seat. The diaphragm loader is slidably arranged at the upper end of the slide rail. The connecting seat is arranged at the upper end of the diaphragm loader, and the connecting seat can be connected to the mounting mechanism and the loading connector of the radial loading assembly.
[0014] The beneficial effects are: the diaphragm loader is used to support the installation mechanism and the radial loading component, and cooperates with the slide rail to guide the radial loading component, thereby optimizing the transmission path of the radial load, and thus ensuring that the test piece can perform radial loading tests while performing swing or rotation loading tests. The diaphragm loader acts as an elastic element. The diaphragm loader can accurately transmit radial force through its own elastic deformation, avoiding the force transmission distortion problem that may be caused by traditional rigid connections. When the third drive member applies a radial load, the diaphragm loader can adaptively adjust the deformation amount according to the test requirements, ensuring that the load acts on the test piece accurately, improving the accuracy of applying the radial load during the test, and making the test data more truly reflect the mechanical properties of the ball pin under actual working conditions.
[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the diaphragm loader includes a mounting shell, two support plates and a plurality of diaphragm groups, the two support plates are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting shell, each diaphragm group includes two partition blocks and a plurality of diaphragms, the plurality of diaphragms are evenly arranged between the two partition blocks, both support plates are penetrated by fixed grooves corresponding to the plurality of diaphragm groups, the plurality of diaphragm groups are respectively arranged in the corresponding fixed grooves, a movable plate is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the mounting shell, the movable plate can move in the mounting shell, and the support plate located on the upper side is in contact with the movable plate.
[0016] The beneficial effects are: when the third driving member applies a radial load, the diaphragm group deforms evenly under the constraint of the separator block, and the load is accurately transferred to the test piece. This elastic transmission mechanism can also absorb high-frequency vibrations during the test, reduce the measurement noise caused by vibration, and significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of the test data. When the swing mechanism drives the test piece to swing, the movable plate can slide freely in the mounting shell, maintain effective contact with the test piece, and ensure that the radial load is always applied in the correct direction.
[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the loading connector includes a support rod and two adjustable bearing seats, the two adjustable bearing seats are respectively arranged at both ends of the support rod, the adjustable bearing seat includes a bearing seat, an adjusting bolt, a clamping bolt, a wedge block, a bearing, a connecting rod and a clamping block, the bearing seat is arranged at the end of the support rod, the bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, the connecting rod is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing, an adjusting cavity is provided in the bearing seat, the adjusting bolt and the clamping bolt are symmetrically provided on both sides of the adjusting cavity, the wedge block is provided in the adjusting cavity, and the wedge block is located between the adjusting bolt and the clamping bolt, the inner wall of the adjusting cavity is provided with a groove matching the inclined surface of the wedge block, the clamping block is provided in the adjusting cavity, and the clamping block is located between the wedge block and the bearing.
[0018] The beneficial effect is that the adjustable bearing seat can adjust the bearing clearance by adjusting the bolt and the wedge block. When the bearing clearance needs to be adjusted, the adjusting bolt can be rotated to push the wedge block to move in the adjustment cavity. The cooperation between the inclined surface and the groove of the wedge block can push the clamping block to abut against the outer ring of the bearing, thereby reducing the bearing clearance and adjusting the loading force accuracy of the test equipment.
[0019] Preferably, the mounting mechanism includes a connecting tooling, a mounting plate, a connecting bearing seat and two clamping blocks. A docking groove is provided in the middle of the two clamping blocks, and semicircular grooves are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks. The adjustable bearing seat can be extended into the docking groove, and the semicircular groove matches the connecting rod. The mounting plate and the connecting bearing seat are respectively arranged at the two ends of the two clamping blocks, and the two clamping blocks can fix the mounting plate and the connecting bearing seat. The test piece is arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate, the connecting tooling is arranged at the upper end of the test piece, and the connecting tooling can be connected to the connecting hole of the swing crankshaft.
[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the loading mechanism, the swing crankshaft and the swing mounting parts are all arranged in three groups, and the fixed seats of each group of swing mounting parts are arranged in parallel, and the three groups of swing mounting parts are commonly provided with a rotating connection assembly at one end away from the connecting block, and the rotating connecting rod assembly includes a first clamping rocker, two second clamping rockers and an arc block, the side walls of the first clamping rocker are symmetrically provided with hinged platforms, the side walls of the two second clamping rockers are provided with hinged platforms, the two second clamping rockers are respectively arranged at one end of the two swing crankshafts far away from each other that pass through the fixed seat, and the hinged platforms of the two second clamping rockers are mirror-set, the first clamping rocker is arranged at one end of the swing crankshaft located in the middle that passes through the fixed seat, and the two arc blocks are hinged to the hinged platforms of the adjacent first clamping rocker and the second clamping rocker respectively.
[0021] The beneficial effects are: by setting the loading mechanism, the swing crankshaft and the swing mounting part into three groups, multi-directional composite load tests can be carried out on three test pieces at the same time. The rotating connecting rod assembly ensures that the three groups of swing crankshafts maintain synchronous movement during the rotation process through the hinged structure of the first clamping rocker, the second clamping rocker and the arc block, so that the test can more realistically simulate the collaborative working state of multiple ball pins in the same system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the test equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the oscillating crankshaft and the fixing seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing rocker member according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the diaphragm loader according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a diaphragm loader according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the radial loading assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a loading connector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a loading connector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting mechanism in the installation state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the installation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a connecting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the protective shell according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: test bench 1, left swing shaft 2, right swing shaft 3, first driving member 4, diaphragm coupling 5, second driving member 6, swing crankshaft 7, fixing seat 8, connecting hole 9, rotating rod 10, universal joint yoke 11, extension block 12, arc block 13, connecting block 14, mounting seat 15, universal joint connecting rod 16, first clamping rocker 17, second clamping rocker 18, hinged platform 19, third driving member 20, supporting seat 21, slide rail 22, diaphragm loader 23, Install the shell 24, support plate 25, spacer 26, diaphragm 27, fixed groove 28, movable groove 29, movable plate 30, connecting seat 31, support rod 32, bearing seat 33, adjusting bolt 34, tightening bolt 35, wedge block 36, bearing 37, connecting rod 38, clamping block 39, adjusting chamber 40, fourth drive member 41, mounting plate 42, connecting bearing seat 43, clamping block 44, docking groove 45, semicircular groove 46, tapered sleeve 47, base assembly 48, test piece 49, protective shell 50.
[0024] Example The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1-14 As shown, Figure 1The vehicle ball pin wear test equipment shown in the figure includes a rotating mechanism, a swinging mechanism, a loading mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a test bench 1. The test bench 1 is configured as a rectangular frame. The test bench 1 includes a bottom plate, a top plate and four support columns. The four support columns are fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate by bolts. The top plate is fixed to the upper ends of the four support columns by bolts. The rotating mechanism is provided between the two support columns located at the front side. Figure 2 The rotating mechanism shown includes a left swing shaft 2, a right swing shaft 3, a first driving member 4 and a diaphragm coupling 5. The opposite ends of the left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3 are configured in a C-shape, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3 along the axis. The outer walls of the ends of the left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3 away from each other are both provided with a rotating bearing 37. Figure 1 The left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3 are rotatably mounted in the left and right support columns on the front side through the rotary bearings 37. The first driving member 4 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the support column on the right side by bolts. The first driving member 4 is configured as a hydraulic motor. In this embodiment, the model is: RDVA-500. Figure 2 The diaphragm coupling 5 shown is fixedly installed between the right swing shaft 3 and the output shaft of the first drive member 4, and the left end of the diaphragm coupling 5 is fixedly connected to the right end of the right swing shaft 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive member 4. The swing mechanism is arranged between the left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3, and the first drive member 4 can drive the right swing shaft 3 to rotate.
[0025] like Figure 1 The swing mechanism shown includes a second driving member 6, a swing crankshaft 7, a swing rocker member and a swing mounting member. In this embodiment, the swing mounting member is provided in three groups. The second driving member 6 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the support column on the left side by bolts. The second driving member 6 is provided as a rotary cylinder. In this embodiment, the model is: RDB-015-200. Figure 2 The three groups of swing mounting members shown are fixedly mounted in parallel between the left swing shaft 2 and the right swing shaft 3 by bolts. Each group of swing mounting members includes two fixing seats 8 and roller bearings 37. In this embodiment, the three fixing seats 8 are formed by one-piece molding technology. The roller bearings 37 of each group are fixedly mounted in each fixing seat 8. Both ends of each group of swing crankshafts 7 are interference fitted in the inner rings of the two roller bearings 37. A connecting hole 9 is opened in the middle of the swing crankshaft 7, and the connecting hole 9 can be connected to the mounting mechanism, as shown in FIG. Figure 4The swing rocker member shown is arranged between the left swing shaft 2 and the swing crankshaft 7. The swing rocker member includes a rotating rod 10, a universal joint yoke 11, an extension block 12, an arc block 13 and a connecting block 14. The outer wall of the rear end of the left swing shaft 2 is symmetrically fixed with a mounting seat 15 by bolts. The rotating rod 10 is rotatably installed between the two mounting seats 15. The universal joint yoke 11 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 10. The extension block 12 is fixedly installed on the lower end outer wall of the rotating rod 10 that passes through the lower mounting seat 15. The connecting block 14 is fixedly installed on the lower end outer wall of the left swing crankshaft 7. The arc block 13 is set to be C-shaped. The left end of the arc block 13 is hinged to the front end of the extension block 12, and the right end of the arc block 13 is hinged to the front end of the connecting block 14. The front end of the output shaft of the second driving member 6 is rotatably installed with a universal joint connecting rod 16. The universal joint connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the universal joint yoke 11, and the second driving member 6 can be rotated by The universal joint connecting rod 16 and the universal joint yoke 11 drive the rotating rod 10 to rotate back and forth, and a rotating connection assembly is commonly installed on the upper ends of the three groups of swing mounting parts. The rotating connecting rod assembly includes a first clamping rocker 17, two second clamping rockers 18 and an arc block 13. The front and rear ends of the first clamping rocker 17 are provided with a hinge platform 19 through one-piece molding technology, and the front ends of the two second clamping rockers 18 are also provided with a hinge platform 19 through one-piece molding technology. The two second clamping rockers 18 are respectively fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two swing crankshafts 7 far away from each other by bolts, and the hinge platforms 19 of the two second clamping rockers 18 are located at the front end and the other is located at the rear end in a mirror-image arrangement. The first clamping rocker 17 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the swing crankshaft 7 located in the middle by bolts, and the two arc blocks 13 are respectively hinged to the hinge platforms 19 of the adjacent first clamping rocker 17 and the second clamping rocker 18.
[0026] The loading mechanism is provided in the test bench 1. The loading mechanism can provide axial load and radial load to the test piece 49. The swing mechanism can provide swing load to the test piece 49. The rotation mechanism can provide rotation load to the test piece 49. Thus, the test piece 49 can be subjected to multi-directional composite load, such as Figure 5 The loading mechanism shown includes a radial loading component and an axial loading component. A reinforcing rib is fixedly installed between the two support columns at the front end. In this embodiment, the radial loading component and the axial loading component are both set to 3 groups, and the 3 groups of radial loading components and the 3 groups of axial loading components are arranged in parallel and correspond one to one with the 3 groups of swing mounting parts. Each group of radial loading components includes a third driving member 20 and a loading connecting member. The third driving member 20 is fixedly installed at the front end of the reinforcing rib. The third driving member 20 is set as an oil cylinder. In this embodiment, the model is: RDB-050-300. Each group of radial loading components also includes a diaphragm loader 23, such as Figure 5 The middle part of the upper part of the bottom plate of the test bench 1 is fixed with a raised seat by bolts, and the upper end of the raised seat is fixed with a support seat 21. Figure 6A slide rail 22 is provided at the upper end of the support seat 21 . The cross section of the slide rail 22 is set to be trapezoidal. The diaphragm loader 23 is slidably installed on the upper end of the slide rail 22 .
[0027] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diaphragm loader 23 shown includes a mounting housing 24, two support plates 25 and a plurality of diaphragm groups 27. The two support plates 25 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting housing 24 by bolts. Each diaphragm group 27 includes two spacer blocks 26 and a plurality of diaphragms 27. The diaphragms 27 are evenly fixedly mounted between the two spacer blocks 26. The two support plates 25 are each provided with a plurality of fixing grooves 28 corresponding to the spacer blocks 26. The plurality of diaphragm groups 27 are respectively snap-fitted and mounted in the corresponding fixing grooves 28. Figure 6 The left and right inner walls of the mounting shell 24 shown are symmetrically provided with movable grooves 29, and a movable plate 30 is installed between the movable grooves 29. The movable plate 30 can swing in the movable grooves 29, but the mounting shell 24 can limit the left and right swing of the movable plate 30. The upper end of the movable plate 30 is fixed with a connecting seat 31 by bolts. The front end of the connecting seat 31 can be fixedly connected to the loading connector of the radial loading assembly by bolts, and the rear side of the upper end of the connecting seat 31 can be fixedly connected to the mounting mechanism by bolts.
[0028] like Figure 8 The loading connector is installed between the diaphragm loader 23 and the third drive member 20, and the left end of the loading connector is fixedly connected to the connection seat 31, and the right end of the loading connector is fixedly connected to the output end of the third drive member 20, as shown. Figure 9 The loading connector shown includes a support rod 32 and two adjustable bearing seats, which are fixed to the left and right ends of the support rod 32 by bolts. Figure 10The adjustable bearing seat shown includes a bearing seat 33, an adjusting bolt 34, a tightening bolt 35, a wedge block 36, a bearing 37, a connecting rod 38 and a clamping block 39. The bearing seat 33 is fixedly mounted on the end of the support rod 32 by bolts, the bearing 37 is clamped in the bearing seat 33, and the connecting rod 38 is interference fitted on the inner ring of the bearing 37. An adjusting cavity 40 is defined in the bearing seat 33. The adjusting bolt 34 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the adjusting cavity 40, and the tightening bolt 35 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the adjusting cavity 40. The wedge block 36 is slidably mounted in the adjusting cavity 40, and the upper and lower ends of the wedge block 36 are in abutment with the adjusting bolt 34 and the tightening bolt 35. The inner wall of the left end of the adjusting chamber 40 is provided with a groove matching the inclined surface of the wedge block 36, and the right end of the wedge block 36 is set as a plane. The clamping block 39 is slidably installed in the adjusting chamber 40, and the right end of the clamping block 39 is provided with a clamping groove matching the outer ring of the bearing 37. The left end of the clamping block 39 is provided with a plane abutting the right end of the wedge block 36. By adjusting the relative positions of the adjusting bolt 34 and the tightening bolt 35 in the adjusting chamber 40, the contact position between the wedge block 36 and the groove is changed, and then the movement of the wedge block 36 pushes the clamping block 39 to press against the bearing 37, thereby changing the clearance of the bearing 37, and then adjusting the loading force accuracy of the test equipment.
[0029] like Figure 5 The axial loading assemblies shown all include a fourth driving member 41 and a loading connecting member. The three fourth driving members 41 are fixed in parallel on the upper end of the top plate above the test bench 1 by bolts. The fourth driving member 41 is configured as an oil cylinder. In this embodiment, the model is: RDB-050-300. One end of the loading connecting member is connected to the output end of the fourth driving member 41, and the other end is connected to the mounting mechanism.
[0030] like Figure 11 The mounting mechanism shown is provided between the oscillating crankshaft 7 and the diaphragm loader 23, and is used to mount the test piece 49, as shown in FIG. Figure 12 The mounting mechanism shown includes a connecting tool, a mounting plate 42, a connecting bearing seat 43 and two clamping blocks 44. The two clamping blocks 44 are both arranged in a T-shape. A docking groove 45 is provided in the middle of the two clamping blocks 44, and the adjustable bearing seat of the axial loading assembly can extend into the docking groove 45. The two clamping blocks 44 are symmetrically fixed and installed through one protruding end. The opposite ends of the two clamping blocks 44 are symmetrically provided with a semicircular groove 46, which abuts against the connecting rod 38 of the adjustable bearing seat. Figure 12 The mounting plate 42 shown is fixedly mounted on the middle of the right end of the two clamping blocks 44 by bolts, and the connecting bearing seat 43 is fixedly mounted on the middle of the left end of the two clamping blocks 44 by bolts. The middle of the connecting bearing seat 43 is equipped with a connecting rod 38 through interference fit. The connecting rod 38 in the connecting bearing seat 43 can be fixedly connected to the connecting seat 31. The test piece 49 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting plate 42 by bolts, as shown in FIG. Figure 13The connecting tool shown includes a tapered sleeve 47 and a base assembly 48. The tapered sleeve 47 is fixed to the upper end of the base assembly 48 by bolts. The upper end of the tapered sleeve 47 is configured as a hexagonal prism to be engaged with the upper end of the swing crankshaft 7. The upper end of the test piece 49 can be inserted into the tapered sleeve 47, thereby fixing the upper end of the test piece 49 through the tapered sleeve 47. The left end of the base assembly 48 can be fixed to the connecting hole 9 of the swing crankshaft 7 by bolts.
[0031] like Figure 14 A protective shell 50 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bottom plate of the test bench 1 shown, and the protective shell 50 can wrap the rotating mechanism, the swinging mechanism, the loading mechanism and the installation mechanism. A protective door is hingedly mounted on the front end of the protective shell 50.
[0032] The specific implementation process is as follows: Fix the test piece 49 to the upper end of the mounting plate 42 of the mounting mechanism by bolts, ensure that the ball pin is firmly installed and accurately positioned, sleeve the tapered sleeve 47 of the connecting tool on the upper end of the ball pin, and then insert the upper end of the tapered sleeve 47 into the upper end of the swing crankshaft 7, and then fix the base assembly 48 to the connecting hole 9 of the swing crankshaft 7 by bolts, so that the test piece 49 is fixed to the swing mechanism and the rotating mechanism, and then fix the connecting bearing seat 43 of the mounting mechanism to the connecting seat 31, then fix the loading connector of the axial loading assembly to the mounting mechanism, and then fix the loading connector of the radial loading assembly to the connecting seat 31 at the upper end of the diaphragm loader 23, and finally Start the first drive member 4, the second drive member 6, the third drive member 20 and the fourth drive member 41 of the test equipment. The first drive member 4 of the rotating mechanism drives the right swing shaft 3 to rotate, thereby driving the swing mechanism to rotate as a whole. The second drive member 6 drives the rotating rod 10 to rotate back and forth through the universal joint connecting rod 16 and the universal joint yoke 11, thereby causing the swing crankshaft 7 to swing. The radial loading assembly is driven by the third drive member 20 to apply a radial load to the test piece 49 through the loading connector and the diaphragm loader 23. The axial loading assembly is driven by the fourth drive member 41 to apply an axial load to the test piece 49 through the loading connector, thereby realizing a multi-directional composite load simulation of the test piece 49.
[0033] Through the coordinated operation of the rotating mechanism, the swinging mechanism, and the loading mechanism, this equipment can provide the test piece 49 with a rotational load, a swinging load, and an axial and radial load, thereby realizing the simulation of the multi-directional composite load of the test piece 49. This multi-degree-of-freedom testing method effectively reproduces the complex working conditions that the automobile ball pin is subjected to during actual vehicle operation, making the test environment closer to the actual usage scenario, and greatly improving the authenticity and effectiveness of the test results. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the description can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. An automobile ball pin wear test equipment, characterized by: It includes a rotating mechanism, a swinging mechanism, a loading mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a test bench. The rotating mechanism is arranged in the test bench, the swinging mechanism is arranged between the rotating mechanisms, the mounting mechanism is arranged in the swinging mechanism, the mounting mechanism is used to install the test piece, the loading mechanism is arranged in the test bench, the loading mechanism can be connected to the mounting mechanism, the loading mechanism can provide axial load and radial load to the test piece, the swinging mechanism can provide swinging load to the test piece, and the rotating mechanism can provide rotational load to the test piece, thereby realizing multi-directional composite load on the test piece.
2. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a left swing shaft, a right swing shaft, a first driving member and a diaphragm coupling. The left swing shaft and the right swing shaft are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the test bench. The first driving member is arranged on the outer wall of the test bench close to the right swing shaft. One end of the diaphragm coupling is connected to the right swing shaft, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the first driving member. The swing mechanism is arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft. The first driving member can drive the right swing shaft to rotate, thereby driving the swing mechanism to rotate.
3. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing mechanism includes a second driving member, a swing crankshaft, a swing rocker member and a swing mounting member. The second driving member is arranged on the outer wall of the test bench away from the left swing shaft, and the output shaft of the second driving member passes through the left swing shaft. The swing mounting member is arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft. The swing mounting member includes two fixed seats and roller bearings. The two fixed seats are symmetrically arranged between the left swing shaft and the right swing shaft. The two roller bearings are respectively arranged in the two fixed seats. The swing crankshaft is arranged between the two roller bearings. A connecting hole is opened in the middle of the swing crankshaft, and the connecting hole can be connected to the mounting mechanism. The swing The rocker member is arranged between the left swing shaft and the swing crankshaft. The swing rocker member includes a rotating rod, a universal joint yoke, an extension block, an arc block and a connecting block. The outer wall of the left swing shaft is symmetrically provided with mounting seats. The rotating rod is rotatably installed between the mounting seats. The universal joint yoke is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod. The extension block is arranged at one end of the rotating rod passing through the mounting seat. The connecting block is arranged at one end of the swing crankshaft passing through the fixed seat. One end of the arc block is connected to the extension block, and the other end is connected to the connecting block. The output shaft of the second driving member is rotatably connected to the universal joint yoke, and the second driving member can drive the rotating rod to rotate back and forth through the universal joint yoke.
4. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loading mechanism includes a radial loading component and an axial loading component. The radial loading component includes a third driving member and a loading connecting member. The third driving member is arranged at one end of the test bench away from the swinging mechanism. The loading connecting member is arranged between the mounting mechanism and the third driving member, and one end of the loading connecting member is connected to the mounting mechanism, and the other end is connected to the output end of the third driving member. The axial loading component includes a fourth driving member and a loading connecting member. The fourth driving member is arranged at the upper end of the test bench, one end of the loading connecting member is connected to the output end of the fourth driving member, and the other end is connected to the mounting mechanism.
5. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radial loading assembly also includes a diaphragm loader, a support seat and a connecting seat. The support seat is arranged at the upper end of the test bench. A slide rail is provided at the upper end of the support seat. The diaphragm loader is slidably arranged at the upper end of the slide rail. The connecting seat is arranged at the upper end of the diaphragm loader, and the connecting seat can be connected to the mounting mechanism and the loading connector of the radial loading assembly.
6. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diaphragm loader includes a mounting shell, two support plates and several diaphragm groups. The two support plates are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of the mounting shell. Each diaphragm group includes two partition blocks and several diaphragms. The several diaphragms are evenly arranged between the two partition blocks. Both support plates are penetrated by fixed grooves corresponding to the several diaphragm groups. The several diaphragm groups are respectively arranged in the corresponding fixed grooves. A movable plate is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the mounting shell. The movable plate can move in the mounting shell, and the support plate located on the upper side is in contact with the movable plate.
7. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading connector includes a support rod and two adjustable bearing seats. The two adjustable bearing seats are respectively arranged at both ends of the support rod. The adjustable bearing seat includes a bearing seat, an adjusting bolt, a clamping bolt, a wedge block, a bearing, a connecting rod and a clamping block. The bearing seat is arranged at the end of the support rod, the bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, the connecting rod is arranged in the inner ring of the bearing, an adjusting cavity is provided in the bearing seat, the adjusting bolt and the clamping bolt are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjusting cavity, the wedge block is provided in the adjusting cavity, and the wedge block is located between the adjusting bolt and the clamping bolt. The inner wall of the adjusting cavity is provided with a groove matching the inclined surface of the wedge block. The clamping block is provided in the adjusting cavity, and the clamping block is located between the wedge block and the bearing.
8. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism includes a connecting tooling, a mounting plate, a connecting bearing seat and two clamping blocks. A docking groove is provided in the middle of the two clamping blocks. Semicircular grooves are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks. The adjustable bearing seat can be extended into the docking groove. The semicircular groove matches the connecting rod. The mounting plate and the connecting bearing seat are respectively arranged at the two ends of the two clamping blocks, and the two clamping blocks can fix the mounting plate and the connecting bearing seat. The test piece is arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate, the connecting tooling is arranged at the upper end of the test piece, and the connecting tooling can be connected to the connecting hole of the swing crankshaft.
9. The automobile ball pin wear test equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The loading mechanism, the swing crankshaft and the swing mounting parts are all arranged in three groups, and the fixed seats of each group of swing mounting parts are arranged in parallel. The three groups of swing mounting parts are commonly provided with a rotating connection assembly at one end away from the connecting block. The rotating connecting rod assembly includes a first clamping rocker, two second clamping rockers and an arc block. The side walls of the first clamping rocker are symmetrically provided with hinged platforms, and the side walls of the two second clamping rockers are provided with hinged platforms. The two second clamping rockers are respectively arranged at one end of the two swing crankshafts away from each other that pass through the fixed seat, and the hinged platforms of the two second clamping rockers are mirrored. The first clamping rocker is arranged at one end of the swing crankshaft located in the middle that passes through the fixed seat, and the two arc blocks are respectively hinged to the hinged platforms of the adjacent first clamping rocker and the second clamping rocker.