Shale hot-pressing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system and method based on multi-type containers

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas geochemical experiments, in particular to a shale hot-pressing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system and method based on multi-type containers. The system comprises a hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit, a tube furnace heating unit, a hydraulic sealing unit, a liftable integrated platform unit, a pressure monitoring and product collecting and metering unit and a computer control unit, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation of shale samples is completed through mutual cooperation of all the units, and uniform and accurate control over the temperature of a sample area is achieved. Automatically sealing and disassembling the hydrocarbon-generating high-pressure kettle, and rapidly cooling and cleaning the reaction kettle body after the experiment is completed; the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the temperature of the lower tube furnace are controlled by calculating the combined stable weight, the temperature difference consistency coefficient, the temperature control effectiveness and the target regulation and control temperature, samples of different types and specifications can be simulated by selecting different reaction containers, the sample chamber in the autoclave body can be uniformly heated in the heating process, and the heating efficiency of the autoclave body is improved. And the accuracy and reliability of the experiment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas geochemical experiments, and in particular to a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system and method based on multiple types of containers. Background Art

[0002] Thermal simulation experiments for hydrocarbon generation are an important tool for evaluating the hydrocarbon generation potential and resources of source rocks. The experimental apparatus used can be categorized into three types based on their openness: open, closed, and semi-open systems. The most commonly used closed system is the autoclave, which offers a simple structure, ease of fabrication, and the ability to load large or small amounts of sample, making it suitable for a wide variety of samples.

[0003] At present, the main autoclave devices include the gold tube hydrocarbon generation simulator and the GF-3 autoclave hydrocarbon generation simulator. The heating methods of existing autoclave devices mainly include box-type heating furnace heating, electric heating rod heating, and medium-frequency induction furnace heating. Since the autoclave device is sealed by flanges and graphite gaskets, it is easy for the heating rod or medium-frequency induction furnace to fail to fully cover the heat energy of the sample chamber during the heating process. There is a large temperature difference from top to bottom in the sample chamber, which makes the sample chamber in the high-temperature autoclave body heated unevenly during the heating process, affecting the chemical reaction of the sample and, in turn, the accuracy and stability of the experiment. Secondly, the sealing process of the autoclave body requires manual compression of the graphite gasket between the upper and lower flanges, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The autoclave body is usually fixed inside the heating system. Due to the influence of the residual heat of the heating system, the cooling process is relatively slow. In addition, the autoclave body is placed vertically, making it difficult to clean the interior of the autoclave body after the experiment is completed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system and method based on multiple types of containers are provided to solve the existing problems.

[0005] The solution to the technical problem of this application is to provide a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system and method based on multiple types of containers, including the following steps:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shale hot-pressing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers, comprising a hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), a tubular furnace heating unit (200), a hydraulic sealing unit (300), a liftable integrated platform unit (400), a pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500), and a computer control unit (600), wherein:

[0007] The hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) is placed horizontally and passes through the tubular furnace heating unit (200), and the two are tightly fitted but not integrated; the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300) and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) are all fixedly placed on the liftable integrated platform unit (400); and the computer control unit (600) is respectively connected to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300), the liftable integrated platform unit (400), and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500).

[0008] Preferably, the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) comprises an autoclave body (101), a sealing pressure pad (102), a pressure cap (103), a plug (104), a temperature sensor (105), a locking cap (106), a graphite pad (107), a filling block (108), a sample chamber (109), a filter (110), a through hole (111), a fine graphite pad (112), a temperature test hole (113), a confining pressure hole (114), and a sample boat (115).

[0009] Preferably, the autoclave body (101) has two types, namely, autoclave body (101a) and autoclave body (101b), wherein:

[0010] The middle position inside the autoclave body (101a) is a sample chamber (109), which is filled with a sample boat (115). One side of the autoclave body (101) is provided with a through hole (111), and the other side is connected to a sealing assembly consisting of a plug (104a), a graphite pad (107), a sealing pressure pad (102), a pressure cap (103), and a locking cap (106); a filter (110) is provided on one side of the through hole inside the sample chamber (109), and a filling block (108) is provided on one side of the sealing assembly. The plug (104a) has a non- The temperature sensor (105) penetrates the autoclave body through the through hole to measure the temperature. The graphite pad (107) and the sealing pressure pad (102) pass through the small diameter portion of the plug (104) in sequence and then get stuck at the large diameter position. The pressure cap (103) and the autoclave body (101) are tightly connected by threads, and the locking cap (106) and the plug (104a) are also connected by threads. The sample chamber (109) inside the autoclave body (101a) can be directly used as a sample reaction container, or a sample boat or other sample reaction container can be added inside.

[0011] The autoclave body (101b) is different from the autoclave body (101a) in four aspects: first, the plug (104b) is a through hole; second, the sample chamber (109) is filled with a capsule tube sample reaction container (108b) instead of a sample boat (115), and there is an injection and discharge pipeline at both ends of the capsule tube sample reaction container, and the two pipelines pass through the through hole (111) and the plug (104b) respectively; third, in addition to the through hole (111), there is also a temperature test hole (113) and a confining pressure hole (114) on one side of the through hole; fourth, a fine graphite pad (112) and a short pressure cap (110b) can be passed through the outside of the through hole (111) and the plug (104b) in sequence, and a seal can be formed between the extension pipeline of the capsule tube sample reaction container and the autoclave body by compacting the fine graphite pad (112) through the short pressure cap (110b).

[0012] Preferably, the sample boat (115) is made of zircon and consists of an upper sample boat (1151), a lower sample boat (1152) and a pressure relief port (1153), wherein the protruding portion of the upper sample boat (1151) and the groove of the lower sample boat can be combined into one, and the sample boat (115) can be loaded with samples. The sample boat (115) is placed inside the sample chamber (109), and a pressure relief port (1153) is provided on one side of the lower sample boat (1152). This pressure relief port (1153) can prevent the sample in the sample boat from being broken, and is convenient for removing the sample boat from the hydrocarbon generation autoclave after the experiment is completed.

[0013] Preferably, the filter (110) has a kinetic energy that allows only fluid products to pass through while preventing solid products from passing through.

[0014] Preferably, the tubular furnace heating unit (200) comprises an upper tubular furnace (201), a lower tubular furnace (202), an autoclave limiting groove (203), a temperature sensor group (204), and a lock (205), wherein:

[0015] The upper tube furnace (201) and the lower tube furnace (202) contain autoclave limiting grooves (203) inside, wherein the upper tube furnace (201) can adjust the angle to realize the opening and closing of the tube furnace, and the upper and lower tube furnaces are provided with lock buckles (205) on the outside to lock the upper and lower tube furnaces, and the upper and lower tube furnaces both contain temperature sensor groups (204);

[0016] The function of the tubular furnace is to control the temperature of the hydrocarbon generating autoclave.

[0017] Preferably, the hydraulic sealing unit (300) comprises a docking joint (301), a hydraulic sealer (302), a movable support frame (303), a support frame movable platform (304), a stopper (305), and a connecting rod (306), wherein:

[0018] The hydraulic sealer (302) has a docking joint (301) on one side, the hydraulic sealer is fixed on a movable bracket (303), and the movable bracket (303) can freely adjust its position on the support frame movable platform (304). One side of the connecting rod (306) is connected to the docking joint (301), and the other side is connected to the plug (104). The limiter (305) is a movable part, which plays a role in controlling the docking joint (301) to maintain a fixed position when the movable bracket (303) is adjusted to an accurate position.

[0019] The hydraulic sealing unit is used to automatically control the sealing and disassembly of the hydrocarbon generating autoclave.

[0020] Preferably, the liftable integrated platform unit (400) comprises a test bench (401), a tilting cylinder (402), a tiltable platform (403), an autoclave limiter (404), and a tubular furnace support base (405), wherein:

[0021] The tabletop on the experimental table (401) is a tiltable platform (403), and the tiltable platform (403) is provided with a lifting power by a tilting cylinder (402). The tiltable platform (403) is provided with an autoclave limiter (404) capable of fixing the tubular furnace heating unit (200) and the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), and a tubular furnace support base (405);

[0022] The tiltable platform is used to control the angle of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

[0023] Preferably, the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) includes a gas pressurization system (501), a vacuum system (502), a simulated gas collection and metering system (503), a pressure sensor (504), a pressure relief valve (505), valve 1 (506), valve 2 (507), valve 3 (508), a hydrocarbon discharge control valve (509), a surrounding rock pressure pump (510), a fluid pressure pump (511), and a cleaning tool (512).

[0024] Preferably, the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) has two connection methods, namely:

[0025] When the autoclave body (101) is an autoclave body (101a), the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), the pressure sensor (504), and the pressure relief valve (505) are all connected to the through hole (111) of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) through pipelines, wherein the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), and the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503) are all provided with independently controlled valves 1 (506), 2 (507), and 3 (508);

[0026] When the autoclave body is the autoclave body (101b), the connection method is different from that of the autoclave body (101a) in that the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), and the pressure sensor (504) are all connected to the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline extending from the through hole (111) of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) through pipelines, and a hydrocarbon discharge control valve (509) is provided between the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline and the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), the pressure sensor (504), and the pressure relief valve (505).

[0027] Preferably, the cleaning tool (512) is composed of a handle (5121), a connecting rod (5122), a locking cap (5123), an upper pressure pad (5124), a base (5125), and a cotton wool (5126), wherein the handle (5121) is connected to the connecting rod (5122), the locking cap (5123) and the upper pressure pad (5124) pass through the connecting rod (5122) in sequence, the bottom of the connecting rod (5122) has a thread, which can be connected to the thread in the groove of the base (5125), the cotton wool (5126) is unfolded into a thin sheet and rolled upward from the bottom of the base (5125) into the groove of the base (5125), and is locked and fixed in position by the locking cap (5123) after being compacted by the upper pressure pad (5124), and the locking cap (5123) and the connecting rod (5122) are connected by threads.

[0028] Preferably, the computer control unit (600) can automatically control the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300), the liftable integrated platform unit (400) and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500), and record and display the temperature and pressure data of the sample in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100).

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers. The simulation method is implemented on the basis of the shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers. The implementation steps of the simulation method include:

[0030] Acquiring in real time the top temperature and bottom temperature of the autoclave body (101) at each moment, as well as the upper tube furnace temperature of the upper tube furnace (201) and the lower tube furnace temperature of the lower tube furnace (202) at each moment; recording multiple moments before each moment as a neighboring monitoring period of each moment;

[0031] Analyze the difference fluctuations between the upper tube furnace temperature and the kettle top temperature, and between the lower tube furnace temperature and the kettle bottom temperature at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period, and obtain the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period;

[0032] Determine the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment by combining the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, and the temperature difference between the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment with the joint stability weight; analyze the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient between the current moment and different moments in the neighboring monitoring period, and calculate the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment;

[0033] Based on the average levels of the kettle body top temperature and kettle body bottom temperature at the current moment, and the differences between the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace, respectively, and in combination with the temperature control effectiveness, a target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and a target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment are obtained respectively; the computer control unit (600) controls the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit (200) based on the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace.

[0034] Preferably, obtaining the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period includes:

[0035] The difference between the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the top temperature of the kettle body at each moment during the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the top temperature difference;

[0036] The average of the top temperature differences between each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is used as the top thermal energy fluctuation degree at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period;

[0037] The difference between the temperature of the lower tube furnace and the bottom temperature of the kettle at each moment during the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the bottom temperature difference;

[0038] The average of the bottom temperature differences between each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is used as the bottom thermal energy fluctuation degree at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period;

[0039] The difference between the top thermal energy fluctuation and the bottom thermal energy fluctuation is recorded as the thermal energy supply difference; the calculation result of the exponential function with a natural constant as the base and the opposite number of the thermal energy supply difference as the exponent is used as the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period.

[0040] Preferably, determining the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment includes:

[0041] The difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the relative temperature difference;

[0042] The ratio of the joint stability weight to the relative temperature difference is calculated, and the sum of the ratios at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment is taken as the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment.

[0043] Preferably, the temperature control effectiveness Vr at the current moment q q The calculation method is: Among them, Gr q is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment q, Gr q,m is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the mth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the current moment q, N q is the number of all moments in the neighbor monitoring period of the current moment q, and ∈ is a preset value greater than 0.

[0044] Preferably, obtaining the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment includes:

[0045] The target control temperature As of the upper tube furnace at the current moment q q The calculation formula is: q =Es q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Es q ), where Es q is the upper tube furnace temperature at the current moment q, Vr q is the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment q, Gu q is the mean of the top temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle at the current time q, and exp() is an exponential function with a natural constant as the base;

[0046] The target control temperature Ax of the tube furnace at the current time q q The calculation formula is: Ax q =Ex q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Ex q ), where Ex q is the temperature of the lower tube furnace at the current moment q.

[0047] Preferably, the controlling the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit (200) comprises:

[0048] The current temperature of the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace, and the current temperature of the lower tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace are input into the computer control unit to obtain a temperature control signal of the tube furnace. The tube furnace heating unit controls the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace according to the temperature control signal of the tube furnace.

[0049] This application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The present application analyzes the fluctuation of the difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, and the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period, and obtains the joint stability weight of each moment in the neighbor monitoring period. Its beneficial effect is that it takes into account the difference in temperature difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, and the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body, so as to reflect the consistency of the upper and lower tube furnaces in providing heat energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, and to illustrate the stability of the joint effect of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in providing heat energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body; by calculating the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at all moments in the neighbor monitoring period at each moment, the combined stability weight is obtained. The temperature difference between the furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body is combined with the joint stability weight to determine the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment. Its beneficial effect is that it takes into account the consistency of the heating effects of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, thereby explaining the uniform heating of the entire hydrocarbon generation autoclave body during the heating process; the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient between the current moment and the different moments in the adjacent monitoring period is analyzed to calculate the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment. Its beneficial effect is that it takes into account the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient to reflect the temperature control effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, so as to clarify whether the temperature control adjustment should be increased so that the entire high-temperature autoclave body is uniformly heated during the heating process. The process can be evenly heated; based on the average levels of the kettle body top temperature and the kettle body bottom temperature at the current moment, and the differences with the upper tube furnace temperature and the lower tube furnace temperature, combined with the temperature control effectiveness, the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment are obtained respectively; the computer control unit 600 controls the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit 200 based on the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace, and its beneficial effect is that it analyzes the target control temperatures that should be controlled and adjusted for the upper and lower tube furnaces at the current moment, and adjusts the target control temperatures of the upper and lower tube furnaces to the target control temperatures of the lower tube furnaces at the current moment, and adjusts the target control temperatures of the upper and lower tube furnaces to the target control temperatures of the lower tube furnaces at the current moment. The temperatures of the upper and lower tube furnaces in the tube furnace heating unit are intelligently controlled, so that the sample chamber in the autoclave body of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit can be evenly heated during the heating process, thereby improving the intelligent control effect of the autoclave body heating, and thus helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. Secondly, the hydraulic sealing unit of the present application controls the sealing state of the autoclave body by a hydraulic method, which saves time and effort and has a good sealing effect. The upper and lower tube furnaces in the tube furnace heating unit can be opened and closed by a lock. After the experiment is completed, the upper tube furnace can be opened, and the hydrocarbon generation autoclave can be quickly cooled. The liftable integrated platform unit tilts the autoclave body in a liftable manner, reducing the difficulty of cleaning the autoclave body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The following is a detailed description of a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 A block diagram of a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an autoclave body 101a provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an autoclave body 101b provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a sample boat 115 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a tubular furnace heating unit 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a hydraulic sealing unit 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a liftable integrated platform unit 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a cleaning tool 512 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 11 A flowchart of the steps of a shale thermal compression hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a temperature sensor in the autoclave body 101 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 13 A flowchart of the steps of a method for obtaining the joint stability weight at each moment within the neighbor monitoring period provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples, further details the shale thermal compression and hydrocarbon generation simulation system and method based on multiple types of containers proposed in this application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0066] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0067] See also Figure 1 , which shows a block diagram of a shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers provided by one embodiment of the present application, the system includes:

[0068] The shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system mainly consists of six parts: a hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100, a tubular furnace heating unit 200, a hydraulic sealing unit 300, a liftable integrated platform unit 400, a pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500, and a computer control unit 600. Among them, the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100, the tubular furnace heating unit 200, the hydraulic sealing unit 300, and the liftable integrated platform unit 400 are components of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation device. The schematic diagram of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation device provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 is placed horizontally and passes through the tubular furnace heating unit 200. The two are tightly fitted but not integrated. The tubular furnace heating unit 200, the hydraulic sealing unit 300, and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 are all fixedly placed on the liftable integrated platform unit 400. The computer control unit 600 is respectively connected to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100, the tubular furnace heating unit 200, the hydraulic sealing unit 300, the liftable integrated platform unit 400, and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500.

[0069] The hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 includes: an autoclave body 101, a sealing pressure pad 102, a pressure cap 103, a plug 104, a temperature sensor 105, a locking cap 106, a graphite pad 107, a filling block 108, a sample chamber 109, a filter 110, a through hole 111, a fine graphite pad 112, a temperature test hole 113, a confining pressure hole 114, and a sample boat 115.

[0070] There are two types of autoclave bodies 101, namely autoclave body 101a and autoclave body 101b. The middle position inside the autoclave body 101a is a sample chamber 109, which is filled with a sample boat 115. There is a through hole 111 on one side of the autoclave body 101, and the other side is connected to a sealing assembly consisting of a plug 104a, a graphite pad 107, a sealing pressure pad 102, a pressure cap 103, and a locking cap 106. There is a filter 110 on one side of the through hole inside the sample chamber 109, and a filling block 108 on one side of the sealing assembly. Among them, there is a non-through hole inside the plug 104a, through which the temperature sensor 105 penetrates into the autoclave body to measure the temperature. The graphite pad 107 and the sealing pressure pad 102 pass through the thin diameter part of the plug 104 in sequence and get stuck at the thick diameter position. The pressure cap 103 and the autoclave body 101 are tightly connected by threads, and the locking cap 106 and the plug 104a are also connected by threads; secondly, the sample chamber 109 inside the autoclave body 101a can be directly used as a sample reaction container, or a sample boat or other sample reaction container can be added inside.

[0071] The autoclave body 101b is different from the autoclave body 101a in four aspects. First, the plug 104b is a through hole; second, the sample chamber 109 is filled with a capsule tube sample reaction container 108b instead of a sample boat 115, and there is an injection and discharge pipeline at each end of the capsule tube sample reaction container, and the two pipelines pass through the through hole 111 and the plug 104b respectively; third, in addition to the through hole 111, there are also a temperature test hole 113 and a confining pressure hole 114 on one side of the through hole; fourth, the outside of the through hole 111 and the plug 104b can be passed through a fine graphite pad 112 and a short pressure cap 110b in turn, and the fine graphite pad 112 is compacted by the short pressure cap 110b to form a seal between the extension pipeline of the capsule tube sample reaction container and the autoclave body. The schematic diagram of the autoclave body 101a and the autoclave body 101b provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown;

[0072] In addition, the schematic diagram of the sample boat 115 provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the sample boat is made of zircon. Figure 5 The sample boat is composed of an upper portion 1151, a lower portion 1152, and a pressure relief port 1153. The protruding portion of the upper portion 1151 and the groove of the lower portion can be integrated into one body. The sample boat can be loaded with samples. The sample boat is placed inside the sample chamber 109. A pressure relief port 1153 is provided on one side of the lower portion 1152. This pressure relief port prevents the sample in the sample boat from breaking and facilitates removal of the sample boat from the hydrocarbon generation autoclave after the experiment is completed. Secondly, the filter (110) has a kinetic energy that allows only fluid products to pass through while preventing solid products from passing through.

[0073] The schematic diagram of the tubular furnace heating unit 200 provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6The tubular furnace heating unit 200 includes an upper tubular furnace 201, a lower tubular furnace 202, an autoclave retaining groove 203, a temperature sensor assembly 204, and a locking buckle 205. The upper and lower tubular furnaces 201 and 202 each contain an autoclave retaining groove 203. The upper tubular furnace 201 can be adjusted in angle to open and close the tubular furnaces. Locking buckles 205 are provided on the exterior of the upper and lower tubular furnaces to lock them together. Both tubular furnaces contain a temperature sensor assembly 204. The tubular furnaces are used to control the temperature of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

[0074] The schematic diagram of the hydraulic sealing unit 300 provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The hydraulic sealing unit 300 includes a docking joint 301, a hydraulic sealer 302, a movable support frame 303, a support frame moving platform 304, a stopper 305, and a connecting rod 306. The hydraulic sealer 302 has a docking joint 301 on one side, which is fixed to the movable support frame 303. The movable support frame 303 can be freely adjusted on the support frame moving platform 304. The connecting rod 306 is connected to the docking joint 301 on one side and to the plug 104 on the other side. The stopper 305 is a movable part that controls the docking joint 301 to maintain its fixed position when the movable support frame 303 is adjusted to its precise position. The function of the hydraulic sealing unit is to automatically control the sealing and disassembly of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

[0075] The schematic diagram of the liftable integrated platform unit 400 provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The liftable integrated platform unit 400 includes a laboratory table 401, a tilting cylinder 402, a tiltable platform 403, an autoclave limiter 404, and a tubular furnace support base 405. The surface of the laboratory table 401 is the tiltable platform 403, which is powered by the tilting cylinder 402. The tiltable platform 403 is equipped with an autoclave limiter 404 and a tubular furnace support base 405, which can secure the tubular furnace heating unit 200 and the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100. The tiltable platform is used to control the angle of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

[0076] The schematic diagram of the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9The pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 includes: a gas pressurizing system 501, a vacuum system 502, a simulated gas collection and metering system 503, a pressure sensor 504, pressure relief valves 505, 506-valve 1, 507-valve 2, 508-valve 3, a hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509, a surrounding rock pressure pump 510, a fluid pressure pump 511, and a cleaning tool 512. There are two ways to connect the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500: First, when the autoclave body is 101a, the gas pressurizing system 501, vacuum system 502, simulated gas collection and metering system 503, pressure sensor 504, and pressure relief valve 505 are all connected to the through hole 111 of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 via pipelines. Among them, the gas pressurizing system 501, the vacuum system 502 and the simulated gas collecting and metering system 503 all have independently controlled 506-valve 1, 507-valve 2, and 508-valve 3; the second type, when the autoclave body is 101b: the difference from the connection method (1) is that the gas pressurizing system 501, the vacuum system 502, the simulated gas collecting and metering system 503 and the pressure sensor 504 are all connected to the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline extending from the through hole 111 of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 through pipelines, and there is a hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509 between the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline and the gas pressurizing system 501, the vacuum system 502, the simulated gas collecting and metering system 503, the pressure sensor 504 and the pressure relief valve 505.

[0077] The gas pressurizing system 501 is used to inject high-pressure gas into the hydrocarbon generation autoclave to test the system's sealing performance. The vacuum system 502 is used to evacuate the gas inside the hydrocarbon generation autoclave to simulate an oxygen-free underground environment. The simulated gas metering system 503 is used to collect and measure gas products. The cleaning tool 512 is used to clean the interior of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave. The hydrocarbon discharge control valve is used to control the hydrocarbon discharge pressure.

[0078] The cleaning tool 512 is composed of six parts, namely a handle 5121, a connecting rod 5122, a locking cap 5123, an upper pressure pad 5124, a bottom support 5125, and a cotton wool 5126. The handle 5121 is connected to the connecting rod 5122, the locking cap 5123 and the upper pressure pad 5124 pass through the connecting rod 5122 in sequence, the bottom of the connecting rod 5122 has a thread, which can be connected with the thread in the groove of the bottom support 5125, the cotton wool 5126 is unfolded into a thin sheet and rolled up from the bottom of the bottom support 5125 into the groove of the bottom support 5125, and is locked and fixed in position by the locking cap 5123 after being compacted by the upper pressure pad 5124. The locking cap 5123 and the connecting rod 5122 are connected by threads. The schematic diagram of the cleaning tool 512 provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 10 shown.

[0079] The computer control unit 600 is respectively connected to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100, the tubular furnace heating unit 200, the hydraulic sealing unit 300, the liftable integrated platform unit 400, and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 to control the operation of each unit and record and display the temperature and pressure data of the sample in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100.

[0080] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, the embodiment of the present application also provides a shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers. The simulation method is implemented on the basis of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers. The step flow chart of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the implementation steps of the simulation method include:

[0081] Step 1: Real-time acquisition of the upper tube furnace temperature and the lower tube furnace temperature in the tube furnace heating unit 200 at each moment, as well as the top temperature and the bottom temperature of the autoclave body 101 in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 at each moment, wherein the autoclave body 101 can be filled with various types of sample reaction containers.

[0082] Based on the above-mentioned shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system, a simulation is performed. After the autoclave body 101 is sealed by flanges and graphite gaskets, the tubular furnace heating unit 200 is heated by a box-type heating furnace, an electric heating rod or a medium-frequency induction furnace. This may easily cause the heating rod or the medium-frequency induction furnace to fail to completely cover both ends of the sample chamber 109. A large temperature difference will exist at both ends of the sample chamber 109, resulting in uneven heating in the sample chamber 109. Secondly, the sealing process of the existing autoclave device requires manual tightening of the graphite gasket between the upper and lower flanges, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the autoclave device is usually fixed inside the heating system. Affected by the residual heat of the heating system, the cooling process of the autoclave device is relatively slow. In addition, the autoclave body is placed vertically, making it difficult to clean the inside of the autoclave body after the experiment is completed.

[0083] Based on the above analysis, during the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation process, the computer control unit 600 intelligently controls the stable operation of each unit in the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system, thereby improving the heating effect, sealing effect and cooling effect during the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation.

[0084] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of uneven heating in the sample chamber 109 in the autoclave body 101, the computer control unit 600 receives temperature data monitored in real time by the temperature sensor 105 in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit 100 and the temperature sensor group 204 in the tubular furnace heating unit 200, and accurately controls the heating temperature of the tubular furnace heating unit 200.

[0085] Temperature sensor groups are installed on the top and bottom of the autoclave body in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit directly connected to the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace. The installation diagram of the temperature sensors in the autoclave body 101 provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, Figure 11 Where A represents a temperature sensor. The average temperature monitored by all temperature sensors at the top of the autoclave at each moment is taken as the autoclave top temperature at each moment, and the average temperature monitored by all temperature sensors at the bottom of the autoclave at each moment is taken as the autoclave bottom temperature at each moment. Thus, the temperature sensors are used to collect in real time the top temperature of the autoclave in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit directly connected to the upper tubular furnace and the bottom temperature of the autoclave in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit directly connected to the lower tubular furnace.

[0086] Secondly, according to the temperature sensor group 204 contained in the upper and lower tube furnaces in the tube furnace heating unit, the average of the temperatures monitored by all the temperature sensors contained in the upper tube furnace at each moment is used as the upper tube furnace temperature at each moment, and the average of the temperatures monitored by all the temperature sensors contained in the lower tube furnace at each moment is used as the lower tube furnace temperature at each moment. The collection time interval is t, and the upper tube furnace temperature, lower tube furnace temperature, kettle top temperature and kettle bottom temperature at each moment are obtained.

[0087] In this embodiment, the collection time interval is 2 seconds. As for other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to actual conditions.

[0088] At this point, the upper tube furnace temperature, lower tube furnace temperature, kettle top temperature, and kettle bottom temperature at each moment are obtained.

[0089] Step 2: Analyze the fluctuations in the difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the kettle top temperature, and the lower tube furnace temperature and the kettle bottom temperature at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period to obtain the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period.

[0090] Since the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit are respectively adjacent to different positions of the autoclave body in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit, and the heating of the tube furnace in different time periods will be affected by a certain degree of voltage fluctuation, during the shale hot pressing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation process, if the consistency between the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit and the temperature at different positions on the autoclave body is poor, it means that the heating effect of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace on the autoclave body is inconsistent. At this time, it cannot be ensured that the entire high-temperature autoclave body can be heated evenly during the heating process, which easily leads to a large temperature difference from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit, which will reduce the intelligent control effect of the autoclave device heating. Therefore, in order to more accurately and intelligently control the heating temperature of the tube furnace, it is necessary to analyze the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace, the lower tube furnace and different positions on the autoclave body to determine the joint stability weight. The step flow chart of the method for obtaining the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows. Figure 13 shown.

[0091] First, by analyzing the temperature differences between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the autoclave, as well as the temperature between the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the autoclave at different time periods, the top heat energy fluctuation and the bottom heat energy fluctuation were determined to reflect the unstable characteristics of the process in which the upper tube furnace provides heat energy to the top of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave or the lower tube furnace provides heat energy to the bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave. Specifically,

[0092] The multiple moments before each moment are recorded as the neighbor monitoring period of each moment;

[0093] In this embodiment, the 30 moments before each moment are recorded as the neighbor monitoring period of each moment; as other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to actual conditions.

[0094] The difference between the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the top temperature of the kettle body at each moment during the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the top temperature difference;

[0095] In this embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the top temperature of the kettle body at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the top temperature difference.

[0096] The average of the top temperature differences between each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is used as the top thermal energy fluctuation degree at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period;

[0097] It should be noted that, since the upper tube furnace is adjacent to the top of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, the top temperature difference reflects the difference between the temperature in the upper tube furnace and the temperature at the top of the autoclave body. The larger the top temperature difference, the more unstable the process of the upper tube furnace providing heat energy to the top of the autoclave body. The top heat energy fluctuation reflects the unstable characteristics of the process of the upper tube furnace providing heat energy to the top of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body. The larger the top heat energy fluctuation, the more significant the fluctuation characteristics of the temperature difference in the process of the upper tube furnace providing heat energy to the top of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, and the more it can reflect the unstable characteristics of the heat energy supply process at the top of the autoclave body.

[0098] The difference between the temperature of the lower tube furnace and the bottom temperature of the kettle at each moment during the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the bottom temperature difference;

[0099] In this embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the lower tube furnace and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the bottom temperature difference.

[0100] The average of the difference between the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is used as the bottom thermal energy fluctuation degree at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period;

[0101] It should be noted that, since the lower tube furnace is adjacent to the bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, the bottom thermal energy fluctuation reflects the unstable characteristics of the process of providing thermal energy from the lower tube furnace to the bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body. The larger the bottom thermal energy fluctuation, the more significant the fluctuation characteristics of the temperature difference in the process of providing thermal energy from the lower tube furnace to the bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, and the more it can reflect the unstable characteristics of the thermal energy supply process at the bottom of the autoclave body.

[0102] Furthermore, the process of the upper and lower tubular furnaces providing heat energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body is easily affected by external factors. If the difference between the heat energy fluctuation value at the top and the heat energy fluctuation value at the bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body at a certain moment is greater, and the temperature difference at the top and bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body is more dissimilar, it means that the combined effect of the upper and lower tubular furnaces providing heat energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body is more unstable. At this time, the temperature difference between the upper and lower tubular furnaces and the top and bottom positions of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body is less consistent, which is more likely to cause a large temperature difference from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit.

[0103] Therefore, based on the top heat energy fluctuation and the bottom heat energy fluctuation, a joint stability weight is determined to reflect the stability of the joint action of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in providing heat energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, specifically:

[0104] The difference between the top heat energy fluctuation and the bottom heat energy fluctuation at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the heat energy supply difference at each moment;

[0105] In this embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the top thermal energy fluctuation degree and the bottom thermal energy fluctuation degree at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period is recorded as the thermal energy supply difference at each moment.

[0106] The result of calculating an exponential function with a natural constant as the base and the opposite number of the heat energy supply difference as the exponent is used as the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period;

[0107] In this embodiment, the calculation method of the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period is: Fu t,k =exp(-|RS t,k -RX t,k |), in the formula, Fu t,k is the joint stability weight at the kth moment in the neighbor monitoring period at the tth moment, RS t,k is the top thermal energy fluctuation at the kth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the tth moment, RX t,k is the bottom thermal energy fluctuation at the kth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the tth moment, and exp() is an exponential function with a natural constant as the base.

[0108] It should be noted that the smaller the joint stability weight, the greater the difference between the thermal energy fluctuations at the top and bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave at the corresponding moment, reflecting that the combined effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces in providing thermal energy to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave is more unstable, and less conducive to maintaining a good temperature difference consistency between the upper and lower tube furnaces and the top and bottom positions of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

[0109] At this point, the joint stability weights of each moment in the neighbor monitoring period at each moment are obtained.

[0110] Step 3: Determine the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment by combining the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, and the temperature difference between the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment with the joint stability weight; analyze the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient between the current moment and different moments in its neighboring monitoring period, and calculate the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment.

[0111] Furthermore, based on the combined stability weight and analysis of the difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference, a temperature difference consistency coefficient is determined to reflect the consistency of the heating effects of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body, thereby indicating the uniformity of the heating of the entire hydrocarbon generation autoclave body during the heating process. Specifically, the temperature difference consistency coefficient is:

[0112] The difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the relative temperature difference;

[0113] In this embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period is recorded as the relative temperature difference.

[0114] Calculating the ratio of the joint stability weight to the relative temperature difference, and taking the sum of the ratios at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment as the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment;

[0115] In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment is: Among them, Gr t is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the tth moment, Fu t,k is the joint stability weight at the kth moment in the neighbor monitoring period at the tth moment, DS t,k is the top temperature difference at the kth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the tth moment, DX t,k is the bottom temperature difference at the kth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the tth moment, N t is the number of all moments in the neighbor monitoring period at the t-th moment, ε is a preset value greater than 0 to avoid the denominator being 0, and the value range of ε is (0,1]. In this embodiment, ε is 0.01. As other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the actual situation; secondly, |Dr t,k -Dz t,k | is the relative temperature difference.

[0116] It should be noted that the smaller the relative temperature difference, the smaller the difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference, indicating that the temperature differences between the top and bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body and the tubular furnace are more similar. At the same time, the larger the joint stability weight, the more conducive it is to maintaining good temperature difference consistency between the upper and lower tubular furnaces and the top and bottom positions of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body. By weighted summing the temperature difference similarity features between the top and bottom of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body and the tubular furnace using the joint stability weight, the temperature difference consistency features between the upper and lower tubular furnaces and the top and bottom positions of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body are measured, thereby improving the accuracy of the temperature difference consistency feature measurement. Therefore, the larger the obtained temperature difference consistency coefficient, the more consistent the heating effects of the upper and lower tubular furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body are, and the more uniform the heating of the entire autoclave body during the heating process.

[0117] Furthermore, during the simulation of shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, if the change in the temperature difference consistency coefficient at different times is greater and the temperature difference consistency coefficient is smaller, the temperature control effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body will be worse. At this time, it cannot be ensured that the entire autoclave body can be heated evenly during the heating process, which can easily lead to a large temperature difference from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit. Therefore, it is necessary to intelligently control the temperature in the upper and lower tube furnaces.

[0118] Based on the above analysis, the temperature control effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body is analyzed by the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment and at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period, and the temperature control effectiveness is determined, specifically:

[0119] The calculation method of temperature control effectiveness at the current moment is: Among them, Vr q is the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment q, Gr q is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment q, Gr q,m is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the mth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the current moment q, N q is the number of all moments in the neighboring monitoring period of the current moment q, ∈ is a preset value greater than 0 to avoid the denominator being 0, and the value range of ∈ is (0,1]. In this embodiment, ∈ is 0.01. As other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the actual situation.

[0120] It should be noted that the greater the difference between the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment and at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period, and the smaller the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment, the smaller the obtained temperature control effectiveness, indicating that the temperature control effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation high-pressure kettle body is worse at this time, and it cannot be ensured that the entire high-temperature kettle body can be heated evenly during the heating process. At this time, the temperature control adjustment intensity should be increased so that the entire high-temperature kettle body can be heated evenly during the heating process.

[0121] At this point, the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment is obtained.

[0122] Step 4: Based on the average levels of the kettle top temperature and the kettle bottom temperature at the current moment and the differences between the upper tube furnace temperature and the lower tube furnace temperature, respectively, combined with the temperature control effectiveness, the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment are obtained respectively; the computer control unit 600 controls the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit 200 based on the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace.

[0123] Furthermore, the temperature control effectiveness reflects the temperature control effect of the upper and lower tube furnaces on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body. The smaller the temperature control effectiveness of the tube furnace on the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body at the current moment, the more it is necessary to strengthen the intelligent control of the temperature in the current tube furnace. The temperature in the tube furnace is intelligently adjusted towards the temperature in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave, so that the temperature in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit is kept uniform from top to bottom, thereby improving the intelligent control effect of the autoclave device heating.

[0124] Therefore, based on the temperature control effectiveness and the upper tube furnace temperature, kettle top temperature, and kettle bottom temperature at the current moment, the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment is determined. Accordingly, the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment is determined, specifically:

[0125] The calculation formula for the target control temperature of the upper tube furnace at the current moment is: As q =Es q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Es q ), where As q is the target control temperature of the tube furnace corresponding to the current moment q, Es q is the upper tube furnace temperature at the current moment q, Vr q is the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment q, Gu q is the mean of the top temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle at the current time q, and exp() is an exponential function with a natural constant as the base.

[0126] The calculation formula for the target control temperature of the tube furnace at the current moment is: Ax q =Ex q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Ex q ), where Ax q is the target control temperature of the tube furnace at the current time q, Ex q is the lower tube furnace temperature at the current moment q, Vr q is the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment q, Gu q is the mean of the top temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle at the current time q, and exp() is an exponential function with a natural constant as the base.

[0127] It should be noted that if the temperature difference between the temperature of the upper tube furnace or the lower tube furnace and the temperature of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave body at the current moment is greater, the temperature in the upper tube furnace or the lower tube furnace should be controlled more to avoid the generation of a large temperature from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit. At the same time, the smaller the temperature control effectiveness is, the worse the temperature control effect of the tube furnace is at this time, and the more likely it is to produce a large temperature difference. In this case, the temperature control adjustment intensity should be increased to ensure that the temperature from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit remains uniform, thereby improving the intelligent control effect of the autoclave device heating.

[0128] Furthermore, based on the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment, the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit is controlled by the computer control unit, specifically:

[0129] The current upper tube furnace temperature and its corresponding target control temperature, as well as the current lower tube furnace temperature and its corresponding target control temperature, are input into the computer control unit 600 to generate a temperature control signal for the tube furnace. The tube furnace heating unit 200 controls the temperatures of the upper and lower tube furnaces based on the temperature control signal. This ensures that the current temperatures of the upper and lower tube furnaces continuously approach their corresponding target control temperatures, ensuring stable operation of the tube furnace heating unit, improving the heating effect during shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation, and avoiding large temperature differences from top to bottom in the sample chamber of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit.

[0130] The operation flow of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system during the simulation process has two operation flows depending on the type of the autoclave body 101, specifically:

[0131] When the autoclave body 101 is the autoclave body 101a, the specific process is as follows:

[0132] (1) The sample is placed in the lower portion 1152 of the sample boat, and the upper portion 1151 and the lower portion 1152 of the sample boat are combined to form a complete sample boat 115 . Water may or may not be added to the interior of the sample boat 115 .

[0133] (2) The tubular heating furnace unit 200 is fixed on the supporting frame moving platform 400, the autoclave body 101a is built into the autoclave limiting groove 203, the autoclave limiting fixture 404 is connected to the autoclave body 101a, locking the autoclave body 101a to be fixed, the upper tubular furnace 201 is buckled with the lower tubular furnace 202, and then the upper and lower tubular furnaces are fixed with the lock 205. The through hole 111 of the autoclave body 101a is connected to the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 according to Figure 9 Connect as shown.

[0134] (3) The filter 110, the sample boat 115, the filling block 108, the plug 104, the graphite gasket 107, and the sealing pressure gasket 102 are sequentially installed into the autoclave body 101a. The pressure cap 103 is passed through the plug 104 and connected to the autoclave body 101a by threading. Then, the locking cap 106 is connected to the plug 104 by threading.

[0135] (4) After fixing the position of the autoclave body 101a, adjust the position of the movable support frame 303 so that the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 are roughly in line, use the connecting rod 306 to connect the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 together, use the limit protector 305 to make the connecting rod 306, the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 in a straight line, fix the position of the movable support 303, control the hydraulic sealer 302 to tighten the plug through the computer control unit 600, compact the graphite pad 107 to form a seal, then fix the locking cap 106, remove the limit protector 305 and the connecting rod 306, deviate the movable support 303 from its original position, and then insert the temperature sensor 105 into the plug 104.

[0136] (5) The computer control unit 600 controls the 507-valve 2 and 508-valve 3 of the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 to be closed, and the 506-valve 1 is opened. The gas boosting system is controlled to inject high-pressure gas into the reactor body 101. In this embodiment, the injected gas pressure is 5 MPa. Then, the 506-valve 1 is closed. If the pressure of the pressure sensor 504 does not decrease after 8 hours, it indicates that the sealing effect of the autoclave body 101a is good. Then, the 507-valve 2 is opened, and the gas inside the autoclave body 101a is discharged through the vacuum system 502, and vacuum is applied. Then, the 507-valve 2 is closed.

[0137] (6) The computer control unit 600 controls the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit 200 according to the method of this embodiment, thereby controlling the heating process of the autoclave body 101a. The heating method is to heat the autoclave body 101a at a constant temperature after the autoclave body 101a reaches a certain set temperature. When the pressure sensor 504 detects that the internal pressure of the autoclave body 101a is close to the pressure bearing capacity of the equipment, the pressure relief valve 505 automatically opens to release the internal pressure, and the tube furnace heating unit 200 stops heating.

[0138] (7) After the equipment reaches the set heating time T, stop heating. In this embodiment, the heating time T is set to 48 hours. For other embodiments, the implementer can set it according to the experimental requirements. Use high-temperature insulation gloves to open the lock 205 and open the upper tube furnace 201 to the maximum angle to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling. After the equipment reaches room temperature, open 508-valve 3 and use the collection and metering function of the simulated gas collection and metering system 503 to collect gas and accurately measure it. Confirm that there is no pressure in the autoclave.

[0139] (8) Take out the temperature sensor 105, remove the locking cap 106 and the pressure cap 103 in turn, adjust the position of the movable support frame 303 on the support frame moving platform 304 again, so that the hydraulic press joint 301 and the plug 104 are in a straight line, fix the position of the movable support 303, connect the joint 301 and the plug 104 together with the connecting rod 306, install the limit protector 305, control the tension of the hydraulic sealer 302 through the computer control unit 600 to remove the plug, take out the internal sample boat 115, filling block 108, filter 110 in turn, and collect the generated oil inside and on the surface of the sample boat.

[0140] (9) Make the absorbent cotton 5126 into a circular sheet so that it can wrap the base 5125 and follow the Figure 10 Insert the center dotted line into the bottom bracket 5125, snap the upper pressure pad 5124 and the bottom bracket 5125 together to press the absorbent cotton 5126, then lock the locking cap 5123. Figure 10 The special tool is formed to penetrate into the interior of the autoclave body 101a and collect the oil products and residues on the inner surface of the autoclave body 101a.

[0141] (10) After the product and residue are completely collected, water is added to the interior of the autoclave 101a for cleaning. The computer control unit 600 controls the tiltable platform 403 to pour out the water, completing the cleaning of the reactor.

[0142] When the autoclave body 101 is the autoclave body 101b, the specific process is as follows:

[0143] (1) The sample is placed in the capsule sample reaction container 108b.

[0144] (2) The tubular heating furnace unit 200 is fixed on the support frame moving platform 400, the autoclave body 101b is built into the autoclave limiting groove 203, the autoclave limiting fixture 404 is connected to the autoclave body 101b, locking the autoclave body 101b to keep it stationary, and the upper tubular furnace 201 is buckled with the lower tubular furnace 202, and then the upper and lower tubular furnaces are fixed with the lock buckle 205.

[0145] (3) The pipeline on one side of the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b is sequentially passed through the through hole 111 of the autoclave body 101b, the fine graphite gasket 112, and the short pressure cap 110b. The short pressure cap 110b forms a seal on one side of the through hole 111 by compacting the fine graphite gasket 112. The pipeline on the other side of the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b is sequentially passed through the plug 104b, the fine graphite gasket 112, and the short pressure cap 110b. The short pressure cap 110b forms a seal on one side of the plug 104b by compacting the fine graphite gasket 112. The plug 104b is inside the autoclave body 101b. The outside of the plug 104b is sequentially passed through the graphite gasket 107 and the sealing pressure gasket 102. The pressure cap 103 is passed through the plug 104 and then connected to the autoclave body 101a by threading. Then, the locking cap 106 is threadedly connected to the plug 104.

[0146] (4) After fixing the position of the autoclave body 101b, adjust the position of the movable support frame 303 so that the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 are on the same horizontal line, use the connecting rod 306 to connect the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 together, use the limit protector 305 to put the connecting rod 306, the docking joint 301 and the plug 104 in a straight line, fix the position of the movable support 303, control the hydraulic sealer 302 to tighten the plug through the computer control unit 600, compact the graphite pad 107 to form a seal, then fix the locking cap 106, remove the limit protector 305 and the connecting rod 306, deviate the movable support 303 from its original position, and then insert the temperature sensor 105 into the temperature test hole 113.

[0147] (5) Connect the confining pressure hole 114 to the surrounding rock pressure pump 510, connect the pipeline on the side of the plug of the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b to the fluid pressure pump 511, and connect the pipeline on the side of the through hole 111 of the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b to the gas boosting system 501, the vacuum system 502, the simulated gas collection and metering system 503, the pressure sensor 504, the pressure relief valve 505 and the hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509 through pipelines, wherein the gas boosting system 501, the vacuum system 502 and the simulated gas collection and metering system 503 have independently controlled 506-valve 1, 507-valve 2 and 508-valve 3 respectively.

[0148] (6) The computer control unit 600 controls the 507-valve 2 and 508-valve 3 of the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit 500 to be closed, and the 506-valve 1 to be opened, and the hydrocarbon exhaust control valve 509 to be opened, and the gas pressurization system to be controlled to inject high-pressure gas into the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b. In this embodiment, the injected gas pressure is 5 MPa, and then the 506-valve 1 is closed. If the pressure of the pressure sensor 504 does not decrease after 8 hours, it indicates that the sealing effect of the autoclave body 101b is good, and the 507-valve 2 is opened, and the gas inside the autoclave body 101b is exhausted through the vacuum system 502, and vacuum is drawn, and then the 507-valve 2 is closed, and then the hydrocarbon exhaust control valve 509 is closed.

[0149] (7) The computer control unit 600 controls the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit 200 according to the method of this embodiment, thereby controlling the heating process of the autoclave body 101b. The heating method can be: the autoclave body 101b is heated at a constant temperature after reaching a certain set temperature; when the pressure sensor 504 detects that the internal pressure of the autoclave body 101b is close to the pressure bearing capacity of the equipment, the pressure relief valve 505 automatically opens to release the internal pressure, and the tube furnace heating unit 200 stops heating.

[0150] (8) The computer control unit 600 controls the surrounding rock pressure pump 510 to inject high-pressure fluid into the sample chamber 109 to apply surrounding rock pressure to the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b, and controls the fluid pressure pump 511 to apply fluid pressure to the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b.

[0151] (9) The computer control unit 600 opens valve 508-3 and sets the hydrocarbon discharge control valve pressure P. In this embodiment, the hydrocarbon discharge control valve pressure P is set to 50 MPa. In other embodiments, the implementer can set the pressure according to experimental requirements. When the pressure in the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b is greater than or equal to P, the hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509 is opened. When the pressure is less than P, the hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509 is closed, thereby achieving simultaneous generation and discharge of products. The simulated gas collection and metering system 503 is used to collect and measure the gas products.

[0152] (10) After the equipment reaches the set heating time T, stop heating. In this embodiment, the heating time T is set to 48 hours. As for other implementations, the implementer can set it according to the experimental requirements. Use high-temperature insulation gloves to open the lock 205 and open the upper tube furnace 201 to the maximum angle to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling. After the equipment reaches room temperature, open 508-valve 3 and use the collection and metering function of the simulated gas collection and metering system 503 to collect and accurately measure the residual gas in the autoclave. Confirm that there is no pressure in the autoclave.

[0153] (11) Remove the temperature sensor 105, remove the short pressure cap 110b, fine graphite pad 112, locking cap 106, and pressure cap 103 in sequence, adjust the position of the movable support frame 303 on the support frame moving platform 304 again, so that the hydraulic press joint 301 and the plug 104 are in a straight line, fix the position of the movable support 303, connect the joint 301 and the plug 104 together with the connecting rod 306, install the limit protector 305, and control the tension of the hydraulic sealer 302 through the computer control unit 600 to remove the plug 104b, the sealing pressure pad 102, and the graphite pad. Disassemble the short pressure cap 110b and fine graphite pad 112 on one side of the through hole 111, separate the pipeline from the hydrocarbon discharge control valve 509, extract the capsule tube sample reaction container 108b, and disassemble the container to collect the generated oil product.

[0154] (12) If the capsule sample reaction container 108b leaks during operation, causing contamination inside the autoclave body 101b, make the absorbent cotton 5126 into a circular sheet so that it wraps the bottom support 5125 and Figure 10 Insert the center dotted line into the bottom bracket 5125, snap the upper pressure pad 5124 and the bottom bracket 5125 together to press the absorbent cotton 5126, then lock the locking cap 5123. Figure 10 The special tool is formed to penetrate into the interior of the autoclave body 101b for cleaning.

[0155] (13) After the product and residue are completely collected, water is added to the interior of the autoclave 101b for cleaning. The computer control unit 600 controls the tiltable platform 403 to pour out the water, completing the cleaning of the reactor.

[0156] It should be understood that although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. In addition, Figure 1 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0157] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0158] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments made in accordance with the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the present application's technical solution fall within the scope of protection of the present application's technical solution.

Claims

1. A shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers, characterized by: The invention comprises a hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), a tubular furnace heating unit (200), a hydraulic sealing unit (300), a liftable integrated platform unit (400), a pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500), and a computer control unit (600), wherein: The hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) is placed horizontally and passes through the tubular furnace heating unit (200), and the two are tightly fitted but not integrated; the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300) and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) are all fixedly placed on the liftable integrated platform unit (400); and the computer control unit (600) is respectively connected to the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300), the liftable integrated platform unit (400), and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500).

2. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) comprises an autoclave body (101), a sealing pressure pad (102), a pressure cap (103), a plug (104), a temperature sensor (105), a locking cap (106), a graphite pad (107), a filling block (108), a sample chamber (109), a filter (110), a through hole (111), a fine graphite pad (112), a temperature test hole (113), a confining pressure hole (114), and a sample boat (115).

3. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two types of autoclave bodies (101), namely autoclave body (101a) and autoclave body (101b), wherein: The middle position inside the autoclave body (101a) is a sample chamber (109), which is filled with a sample boat (115). One side of the autoclave body (101) is provided with a through hole (111), and the other side is connected to a sealing assembly consisting of a plug (104a), a graphite pad (107), a sealing pressure pad (102), a pressure cap (103), and a locking cap (106); a filter (110) is provided on one side of the through hole inside the sample chamber (109), and a filling block (108) is provided on one side of the sealing assembly. The plug (104a) has a non- The temperature sensor (105) penetrates the autoclave body through the through hole to measure the temperature. The graphite pad (107) and the sealing pressure pad (102) pass through the small diameter portion of the plug (104) in sequence and then get stuck at the large diameter position. The pressure cap (103) and the autoclave body (101) are tightly connected by threads, and the locking cap (106) and the plug (104a) are also connected by threads. The sample chamber (109) inside the autoclave body (101a) can be directly used as a sample reaction container, or a sample boat or other sample reaction container can be added inside. The autoclave body (101b) is different from the autoclave body (101a) in four aspects: first, the plug (104b) is a through hole; second, the sample chamber (109) is filled with a capsule tube sample reaction container (108b) instead of a sample boat (115), and there is an injection and discharge pipeline at both ends of the capsule tube sample reaction container, and the two pipelines pass through the through hole (111) and the plug (104b) respectively; third, in addition to the through hole (111), there is also a temperature test hole (113) and a confining pressure hole (114) on one side of the through hole; fourth, a fine graphite pad (112) and a short pressure cap (110b) can be passed through the outside of the through hole (111) and the plug (104b) in sequence, and a seal can be formed between the extension pipeline of the capsule tube sample reaction container and the autoclave body by compacting the fine graphite pad (112) through the short pressure cap (110b).

4. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sample boat (115) is made of zircon and consists of an upper portion (1151) of the sample boat, a lower portion (1152) of the sample boat and a pressure relief port (1153). The protruding portion of the upper portion (1151) of the sample boat and the groove of the lower portion of the sample boat can be integrated into one body. The sample boat (115) can be loaded with samples. The sample boat (115) is placed inside the sample chamber (109) and a pressure relief port (1153) is provided on one side of the lower portion (1152) of the sample boat. The pressure relief port (1153) can prevent the sample in the sample boat from being broken and facilitates the removal of the sample boat from the hydrocarbon generation autoclave after the experiment is completed.

5. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter (110) has a kinetic energy that allows only fluid products to pass through while preventing solid products from passing through.

6. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular furnace heating unit (200) comprises an upper tubular furnace (201), a lower tubular furnace (202), an autoclave limiting groove (203), a temperature sensor group (204), and a lock (205), wherein: The upper tube furnace (201) and the lower tube furnace (202) contain autoclave limiting grooves (203) inside, wherein the upper tube furnace (201) can adjust the angle to realize the opening and closing of the tube furnace, and the upper and lower tube furnaces are provided with lock buckles (205) on the outside to lock the upper and lower tube furnaces, and the upper and lower tube furnaces both contain temperature sensor groups (204); The function of the tubular furnace is to control the temperature of the hydrocarbon generating autoclave.

7. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic sealing unit (300) comprises a butt joint (301), a hydraulic sealer (302), a movable support frame (303), a support frame movable platform (304), a stopper (305), and a connecting rod (306), wherein: The hydraulic sealer (302) has a docking joint (301) on one side, the hydraulic sealer is fixed on a movable bracket (303), and the movable bracket (303) can freely adjust its position on the support frame movable platform (304). One side of the connecting rod (306) is connected to the docking joint (301), and the other side is connected to the plug (104). The limiter (305) is a movable part, which plays a role in controlling the docking joint (301) to maintain a fixed position when the movable bracket (303) is adjusted to an accurate position. The hydraulic sealing unit is used to automatically control the sealing and disassembly of the hydrocarbon generating autoclave.

8. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liftable integrated platform unit (400) comprises a test bench (401), a tilting cylinder (402), a tiltable platform (403), an autoclave limiter (404), and a tubular furnace support base (405), wherein: The tabletop on the experimental table (401) is a tiltable platform (403), and the tiltable platform (403) is provided with a lifting power by a tilting cylinder (402). The tiltable platform (403) is provided with an autoclave limiter (404) capable of fixing the tubular furnace heating unit (200) and the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100), and a tubular furnace support base (405); The tiltable platform is used to control the angle of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave.

9. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) includes a gas pressurization system (501), a vacuum system (502), a simulated gas collection and metering system (503), a pressure sensor (504), a pressure relief valve (505), valve 1 (506), valve 2 (507), valve 3 (508), a hydrocarbon discharge control valve (509), a surrounding rock pressure pump (510), a fluid pressure pump (511), and a cleaning tool (512).

10. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500) has two connection methods, namely: When the autoclave body (101) is an autoclave body (101a), the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), the pressure sensor (504), and the pressure relief valve (505) are all connected to the through hole (111) of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) through pipelines, wherein the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), and the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503) are all provided with independently controlled valves 1 (506), 2 (507), and 3 (508); When the autoclave body is the autoclave body (101b), the connection method is different from that of the autoclave body (101a) in that the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), and the pressure sensor (504) are all connected to the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline extending from the through hole (111) of the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100) through pipelines, and a hydrocarbon discharge control valve (509) is provided between the capsule tube sample reaction container pipeline and the gas pressurizing system (501), the vacuum system (502), the simulated gas collecting and metering system (503), the pressure sensor (504), and the pressure relief valve (505).

11. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning tool (512) is composed of a handle (5121), a connecting rod (5122), a locking cap (5123), an upper pressure pad (5124), a base (5125), and a cotton wool (5126), wherein the handle (5121) is connected to the connecting rod (5122), the locking cap (5123) and the upper pressure pad (5124) pass through the connecting rod (5122) in sequence, the bottom of the connecting rod (5122) has a thread that can be connected to the thread in the groove of the base (5125), the cotton wool (5126) is unfolded into a thin sheet and rolled upward from the bottom of the base (5125) into the groove of the base (5125), and is locked and fixed in position by the locking cap (5123) after being compacted by the upper pressure pad (5124), and the locking cap (5123) and the connecting rod (5122) are connected by a thread.

12. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The computer control unit (600) can automatically control the tubular furnace heating unit (200), the hydraulic sealing unit (300), the liftable integrated platform unit (400) and the pressure monitoring and product collection and metering unit (500), and record and display the temperature and pressure data of the sample in the hydrocarbon generation autoclave unit (100).

13. A shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers, the simulation method being implemented on the basis of the shale hot pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation system based on multiple types of containers as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation steps of the simulation method include: Acquiring in real time the top temperature and bottom temperature of the autoclave body (101) at each moment, as well as the upper tube furnace temperature of the upper tube furnace (201) and the lower tube furnace temperature of the lower tube furnace (202) at each moment; recording multiple moments before each moment as a neighboring monitoring period of each moment; Analyze the difference fluctuations between the upper tube furnace temperature and the kettle top temperature, and between the lower tube furnace temperature and the kettle bottom temperature at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period, and obtain the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period; Determine the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment by combining the temperature difference between the upper tube furnace temperature and the top temperature of the kettle body, and the temperature difference between the lower tube furnace temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle body at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment with the joint stability weight; analyze the difference in the temperature difference consistency coefficient between the current moment and different moments in the neighboring monitoring period, and calculate the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment; Based on the average levels of the kettle body top temperature and kettle body bottom temperature at the current moment, and the differences between the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace, respectively, and in combination with the temperature control effectiveness, a target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and a target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment are obtained respectively; the computer control unit (600) controls the temperatures of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit (200) based on the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace.

14. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers according to claim 13, characterized in that: The obtaining of the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period includes: The difference between the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the top temperature of the kettle body at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period is recorded as the top temperature difference; the average of the differences between the top temperature differences at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is recorded as the top thermal energy fluctuation at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period; The difference between the temperature of the lower tube furnace and the bottom temperature of the kettle at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period is recorded as the bottom temperature difference; the average of the difference between the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period and all other moments is recorded as the bottom thermal energy fluctuation at each moment in the neighbor monitoring period; The difference between the top thermal energy fluctuation and the bottom thermal energy fluctuation is recorded as the thermal energy supply difference; the calculation result of the exponential function with a natural constant as the base and the opposite number of the thermal energy supply difference as the exponent is used as the joint stability weight at each moment in the neighboring monitoring period.

15. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers according to claim 14, characterized in that: Determining the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment includes: The difference between the top temperature difference and the bottom temperature difference at each moment in the adjacent monitoring period is recorded as the relative temperature difference; The ratio of the joint stability weight to the relative temperature difference is calculated, and the sum of the ratios at all moments in the neighboring monitoring period at each moment is taken as the temperature difference consistency coefficient at each moment.

16. The method for simulating shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion based on multiple types of containers according to claim 13, characterized in that: Temperature control effectiveness Vr at the current time q q The calculation method is: Among them, Gr q is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the current moment q, Gr q,m is the temperature difference consistency coefficient at the mth moment in the neighboring monitoring period at the current moment q, N q is the number of all moments in the neighbor monitoring period of the current moment q, and ∈ is a preset value greater than 0.

17. The method for simulating shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion based on multiple types of containers according to claim 13, characterized in that: The obtaining of the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace at the current moment and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace at the current moment includes: The target control temperature As of the upper tube furnace at the current moment q q The calculation formula is: q =Es q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Es q ), where Es q is the upper tube furnace temperature at the current moment q, Vr q is the temperature control effectiveness at the current moment q, Gu q is the mean of the top temperature and the bottom temperature of the kettle at the current time q, and exp() is an exponential function with a natural constant as the base; The target control temperature Ax of the tube furnace at the current time q q The calculation formula is: Ax q =Ex q +exp(-Vr q )×(Gu q -Ex q ), where Ex q is the temperature of the lower tube furnace at the current moment q.

18. The shale thermal pressure hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation method based on multiple types of containers according to claim 13, characterized in that: The controlling of the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace in the tube furnace heating unit (200) comprises: The current temperature of the upper tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the upper tube furnace, and the current temperature of the lower tube furnace and the target control temperature corresponding to the lower tube furnace are input into the computer control unit to obtain a temperature control signal of the tube furnace. The tube furnace heating unit controls the temperature of the upper tube furnace and the lower tube furnace according to the temperature control signal of the tube furnace.

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