Vacuum switch rapid reclosing method and device

Abstract

The application discloses a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method and device, and relates to the technical field of reclosing, which comprises the following steps: designing and installing multiple groups of independent energy storage circuits, each group of energy storage circuits containing an energy storage capacitor; making the charging circuits of each group of energy storage capacitors independent of each other without being connected to a common end, isolating each group of energy storage capacitors by using diodes, and connecting them to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch; and charging each group of energy storage capacitors through the charging circuits. The application rapidly restores power supply when a transient fault occurs, significantly improves the power supply reliability of the power system, automatically performs the reclosing operation after detecting the transient fault and isolating, reduces the power outage time caused by the fault, and further ensures the reclosing to be performed immediately after the fault is cleared by monitoring system states such as current, voltage and temperature and other parameters in real time, thereby reducing the influence on the power supply of users and improving the overall stability of the system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reclosing, in particular to a vacuum switch fast reclosing method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of power systems, the structure of the power grid becomes more and more complex. In the power system, equipment failure or line failure can cause power interruption. The fast action speed of the vacuum switch can complete the opening and closing operation in a very short time, thereby improving the transient stability of the power grid. The fast reclosing technology can quickly restore power supply after detecting and clearing the fault, thereby reducing the power outage time and range and improving the continuity and reliability of power supply.

[0003] The reclosing self-checking obstacle reporting safety management platform and method of Chinese patent publication No. CN108445782A includes an intelligent electric meter box, a reclosing, a safety management module, and an alarm module. The intelligent electric meter box is correspondingly configured with a reclosing. The reclosing drives the opening / closing action of the switch through a motor and a transmission mechanism. The intelligent electric meter box provides the safety management module with the power consumption as the basis for user payment. The safety management module realizes intelligent control of the reclosing circuit module through control signals or monitoring signals according to user payment or self-checking needs.

[0004] In the prior art, the reclosing process adopts motor movement planning management combined with learning function, which can shorten the closing and opening time. However, after the vacuum switch operates once, the reclosing generally needs to wait for the completion of the re-energization before it can be performed. If fast reclosing of the switch is required, the time interval is less than the re-energization time, and multiple sets of energy storage circuits are required to sequentially release energy to achieve fast and multiple reclosing. Therefore, how to evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation to maintain and adjust the energy storage capacitor and ensure the effect of the reclosing is a problem to be solved. Therefore, the present application proposes a vacuum switch fast reclosing method and device. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a vacuum switch fast reclosing method and device to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, the vacuum switch fast reclosing method includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits. Each energy storage circuit contains an energy storage capacitor. Each energy storage capacitor has enough energy to drive the vacuum switch to perform one complete closing or opening operation.

[0009] Step 2, make each group of energy storage capacitor charging circuit independent of each other, no public end connected, to avoid the mutual influence in the charging process, can improve the charging efficiency and the reliability of the system, using diode to isolate each group of energy storage capacitor, and commonly connected to the closing and opening coil of vacuum switch, ensure that in the discharge process, the energy of each group of capacitor can be released independently, will not interfere with each other;

[0010] Step 3, each group of energy storage capacitor is charged through the charging circuit, until the predetermined voltage level, charging process can be carried out in parallel, to improve the efficiency, monitoring the charging state, to ensure that each group of energy storage capacitor is fully charged and ready;

[0011] Step 4, when the first closing operation needs to be performed, the first choice is a group of energy storage capacitor which has been fully charged, through the control circuit to trigger the selected energy storage capacitor thyristor, make it discharge, the electrical energy is converted into electromagnetic force, push the vacuum switch to close, after closing, the energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state, waiting for recharging;

[0012] Step 5, after the first closing, the detection circuit state, including whether the fault has been cleared, the switch is successfully closed, if the fast reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energizing time, then there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to recharge, in turn select the full energy storage capacitor, release energy in sequence for multiple reclosing, until the predetermined reclosing times or the system state meets the stop condition;

[0013] Step 6, after completing all the predetermined reclosing operation, recharge all the discharged energy storage capacitor, after charging, enter standby state, waiting for the next operation instruction.

[0014] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that in step 1, the design and installation process of the multiple independent energy storage circuits is:

[0015] Step 101, determine the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the energy required for closing or opening of the vacuum switch, evaluate the demand of the circuit for fast reclosing, including the frequency, speed and reliability requirement of closing and opening operation;

[0016] Step 102, design independent energy storage circuit, and the energy storage circuit is provided with multiple groups, for each group of energy storage circuit, including energy storage capacitor, charging circuit, discharge circuit, control circuit and each electrical element, provide stable charging voltage and current for each group of energy storage capacitor;

[0017] Step 103, the charging circuit includes a rectifier (converts alternating current to direct current), a current limiting resistor (protects the capacitor and power supply from excessive current impact), and a charging indicator light and voltage monitor (for indicating the charging state and monitoring the capacitor voltage), for transmitting the energy of the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches the predetermined voltage level, the discharge circuit includes a thyristor as a control element, and a protection diode (to prevent reverse voltage damage to the capacitor), for quickly releasing the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch when needed, the control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging state of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operation instructions and controlling the on-off of the discharge circuit, which is realized by microcontroller, logic circuit or relay, etc.

[0018] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the present application is that: in step 2, the process of using diodes to isolate each group of energy storage capacitors and connecting them to the vacuum switch closing and opening coil together is:

[0019] Step 201, design independent charging circuits for each group of energy storage capacitors, so that each energy storage capacitor is independent of each other and has no direct electrical connection, that is, no common end connection, to prevent a group of energy storage capacitors from interfering with other groups of energy storage capacitors during charging, wherein each charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator light and a voltage monitor, the rectifier is used to convert alternating current to direct current, the current limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitor and the power supply from excessive current impact, and the charging indicator light and the voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging state and monitor the capacitor voltage;

[0020] Step 202, in the discharge circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, use diodes for isolation, and connect the discharge circuits of all energy storage capacitors isolated by diodes to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch, since diodes have unidirectional conductivity, it can ensure that during discharging, the energy of each group of energy storage capacitors can only flow to the closing and opening coil, and cannot flow back to other groups of energy storage capacitors or the power supply in the opposite direction, when discharging is needed, each group of energy storage capacitors can independently and simultaneously release energy to the closing and opening coil to push the vacuum switch to operate closing or opening;

[0021] Step 203, connect the anode of the diode to the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode to the common closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch, and the closing and opening coil should be able to withstand the current generated when all energy storage capacitors discharge at the same time, and install a voltage-dependent resistor or transient voltage suppression diode in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection to prevent voltage spikes from damaging the energy storage capacitor, and install a protection diode in the discharge circuit to prevent reverse voltage damage to the energy storage capacitor;

[0022] Step 204, according to the design requirements of the energy storage circuit, the wiring and installation of the energy storage circuit are carried out, the energy storage capacitor, the charging loop element, the discharge loop element and the control circuit element are installed at the corresponding positions according to the design requirements, and the insulation wire is used for connection, it is ensured that all connections are firm and reliable, and the electrical safety standard is met;

[0023] Step 205, after installation, the energy storage circuit is debugged and tested to ensure that it can work normally and meet the design requirements, the charging efficiency of the charging loop, the discharge speed of the discharge loop and the response speed of the control circuit are checked, and the independence of each charging loop is checked, and it is verified whether the diode plays an effective isolation role.

[0024] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that in step 3, the process of charging each group of energy storage capacitors by each charging loop is:

[0025] Step 301, set the rated voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors r and capacity C, and determine the charging current I c according to the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitor;

[0026] Step 302, according to the power supply voltage V s , the rated voltage V r and the charging current I c , determine the current limiting resistance R limit to limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit, wherein the calculation expression of the current limiting resistance is:

[0027] Step 303, determine the charging time through the charging formula of the energy storage capacitor, and calculate the total charging current I t of n groups of energy storage capacitors when charging in parallel, so that the rectifier matches the total charging current to meet the charging requirements of all energy storage capacitors, wherein the calculation expression of the total charging current is: I t =n·I c ;

[0028] Step 304, start all charging loops to charge each group of energy storage capacitors, and comprehensively analyze the charging efficiency evaluation index according to the rated voltage, capacity, charging current and charging time of each group of energy storage capacitors, evaluate the influence of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process, and optimize the charging efficiency;

[0029] Step 305, use the voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage V cap of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time, and according to the charging voltage V cap and the rated voltage V rThe comparison result turns on or turns off the charging indicator light to reflect the charging state;

[0030] Step 306, a overcharge protection circuit is designed, when the charging voltage V cap approaches the rated voltage V r , the charging current is reduced or the charging is stopped, when the charging voltage V cap of all the energy storage capacitors reaches the rated voltage V r , the charging is completed;

[0031] Step 307, the entire charging period T is calculated, including the time when all the energy storage capacitors are fully charged, T = max (t1, t2, …, tn), tn is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors. n n Step 307, the entire charging period T is calculated, including the time when all the energy storage capacitors are fully charged, T = max (t1, t2, …, tn), tn is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors.

[0032] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the present application is that: the charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the charging time, calculating the sum of the ratio of the charging energy of each group of energy storage capacitors to the square root of the charging time, obtaining the functional relationship f(V, C, I) of the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time, and analyzing the functional relationship f(V, C) of the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under energy loss, and combining f(V, C, I) and f(V, C) to obtain the charging efficiency evaluation index, and its expression is:

[0033]

[0034] Wherein, E is the charging efficiency evaluation index, used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process, f(V, C, I) is the functional relationship of the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time, f(V, C) is the functional relationship of the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under energy loss, n is the number of energy storage capacitor groups, V r，i is the rated voltage of the ith group of energy storage capacitors, C i is the capacity of the ith group of energy storage capacitors, I c，i is the charging current of the ith group of energy storage capacitors, t i is the charging time of the ith group of energy storage capacitors, and λ is the energy loss rate constant, indicating the rate of energy loss in the charging process. The value of E is between 0 and 1, and the value closer to 1 indicates higher charging efficiency.

[0035] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the present application is that: in step 4, the process of performing the first closing operation is:

[0036] ​Step 401, check the voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors through the voltage monitor, select a group of energy storage capacitors whose voltage reaches the rated voltage and is fully charged, and be in standby state, to ensure that there is enough energy to discharge, and check whether the control circuit and the trigger mechanism are working normally, including whether the trigger circuit of the thyristor is ready;

[0037] Step 402, send a trigger signal to the selected energy storage capacitor corresponding thyristor through the control circuit, the trigger signal makes the thyristor change from blocking state to conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor to flow to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch through the thyristor, the thyristor is a kind of semiconductor switching device, which can quickly conduct after receiving the trigger signal and allow current to pass through;

[0038] Step 403, after the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitor starts to discharge, and the electrical energy flows to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch through the discharge circuit, the closing and opening coil receives the current and generates electromagnetic force, which pushes the mechanical parts of the vacuum switch to perform closing operation, the moving contact of the vacuum switch is in full contact with the static contact, and the closing process is completed, at this time, the circuit is connected, and the current flows through the vacuum switch, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor gradually decreases during the discharging process, until the discharging process is completed, and the energy storage capacitor enters the discharging completion state;

[0039] Step 404, after the closing is completed, the selected energy storage capacitor enters the discharging completion state, the control circuit updates its state, and prepares to recharge for the next closing operation, the control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitor, and starts the recharging process, the charging process is carried out through a special charging circuit, and the electrical energy provided by the external power supply is converted and stored in the energy storage capacitor.

[0040] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that in step 5, the process of sequentially releasing energy for multiple reclosing is:

[0041] Step 501, after the first closing, detect the circuit state, analyze whether the current, voltage, temperature and other parameters are abnormal, check whether the fault has been cleared, and confirm whether the vacuum switch has been successfully closed by detecting the contact state of the switch;

[0042] Step 502, if it is detected that the fault has been cleared and power supply needs to be restored quickly, it is judged that reclosing operation needs to be performed, and the time interval requirement of reclosing is checked to determine whether the time interval is less than the re-energizing time of the energy storage capacitor, if the time interval of reclosing is less than the time required for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged, the energy storage capacitor does not need to wait for recharging;

[0043] Step 503, the voltage state of the energy storage capacitor is detected in real time by the voltage monitor without waiting for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, and the energy storage capacitor that has been fully charged is selected in turn, so as to ensure that the voltage of the selected energy storage capacitor reaches or approaches its rated voltage, so as to ensure that there is enough energy for discharging operation;

[0044] Step 504, a trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor through the control circuit, the trigger signal makes the thyristor conductive, allows the energy storage capacitor to discharge, and the energy storage capacitor that is fully charged is selected in turn to release energy in sequence for reclosing, and after each reclosing operation, the circuit state is detected again to confirm whether reclosing needs to be continued;

[0045] Step 505, the reclosing operation is continued until a predetermined reclosing number of times is reached, or a stop condition meeting fault clearing is detected, and the reclosing operation is stopped;

[0046] Step 506, after each reclosing operation, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated and marked as discharging completed, ready for recharging, and the charging state of all energy storage capacitors is monitored to ensure that the energy storage capacitors can be recharged in time;

[0047] Step 507, after the reclosing operation is completed, the voltage, discharging current and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor participating in the reclosing operation process are extracted, the number of energy storage capacitor groups participating in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations are obtained, the reclosing evaluation coefficient is comprehensively analyzed and calculated, the efficiency of the reclosing operation is evaluated, and the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation are optimized;

[0048] Step 508, different evaluation levels are set based on the reclosing evaluation coefficient, which are first-level evaluation level, second-level evaluation level, third-level evaluation level and fourth-level evaluation level, wherein the reclosing operation efficiency gradually decreases from the first level to the fourth level, and the corresponding evaluation threshold is set for each evaluation level.

[0049] Further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that the expression of the reclosing evaluation coefficient is:

[0050]

[0051] Wherein, R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, V c，j is the voltage of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, I d，j is the discharging current of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, t c，j is the charging time of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, m is the number of energy storage capacitor groups participating in the reclosing operation, S is the number of reclosing operations, β is a proportional constant for adjusting the influence of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index, and the value of R ranges from 0 to 1, and the higher the value, the better the efficiency of the reclosing operation;

[0052] The plurality of evaluation grades correspond to a plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include upper threshold and lower threshold;

[0053] The plurality of evaluation grades and the plurality of evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0054] Primary evaluation grade R ep ≤R<1;

[0055] Secondary evaluation grade R sp ≤R<R ep ;

[0056] Tertiary evaluation grade R fp ≤R<R sp ;

[0057] Quaternary evaluation grade 0<R<R fp ;

[0058] Wherein, R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, R ep is the lower threshold corresponding to the primary evaluation grade and the upper threshold corresponding to the secondary evaluation grade, R sp is the lower threshold corresponding to the secondary evaluation grade and the upper threshold corresponding to the tertiary evaluation grade, R fp is the lower threshold corresponding to the tertiary evaluation grade and the upper threshold corresponding to the quaternary evaluation grade, R ep =0.9, R sp =0.7, R fp =0.5.

[0059] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the application is that: in the step 6, the process of recharging all the discharged energy storage capacitors is:

[0060] Step 601, confirm that all the scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the state of the vacuum switch, confirm that all the energy storage capacitors have completed discharging, and check whether there is any abnormality in the appearance and connection line;

[0061] Step 602, in combination with the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, detect the discharged energy storage capacitors, analyze the state of each energy storage capacitor, and maintain and adjust it;

[0062] Step 603, identify and record all the discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare to charge, and start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor;

[0063] Step 604, use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time, ensure that the voltage rises stably during charging until the rated voltage is reached, and implement overcharge protection measures to prevent the energy storage capacitor from being charged beyond its rated voltage;

[0064] Step 605, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, it is judged that the charging is completed, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated, it is marked as charging completion, and the time and voltage of the charging completion are recorded for subsequent data analysis and maintenance;

[0065] Step 606, after all the energy storage capacitors are charged, the standby state is entered, and the next operation instruction is prepared to respond;

[0066] Step 607, record the data of the entire reclosing and charging period, including operation time, voltage, current, and generate operation report to analyze and optimize operation process.

[0067] In the second aspect, the vacuum switch rapid reclosing device is used to realize the vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, comprising a control module, the control module is in communication connection with an energy storage capacitor module, a vacuum switch module, a monitoring and protection module and a communication interface module, wherein the electrical signal connection between the modules;

[0068] The control module is used to receive external instructions, analyze circuit state, judge whether the reclosing operation is needed, and send corresponding control signal, which can make decision whether to reclose according to real-time data of current, voltage, temperature and other parameters, and predetermined reclosing times and stopping conditions;

[0069] The energy storage capacitor module is used to store energy for vacuum switch closing or opening operation, when the device is in non-working state, the energy storage capacitor module is responsible for storing electrical energy, so as to release energy quickly for reclosing operation when needed, when the control module sends reclosing instruction, the energy storage capacitor module can discharge quickly, through silicon controlled switch element, the electrical energy is transmitted to the driving mechanism of the vacuum switch, after the reclosing operation is completed, the energy storage capacitor module needs to be recharged for next use, the charging process is monitored by the control module to ensure that the capacitor voltage reaches or approaches the rated value;

[0070] The vacuum switch module is used to quickly complete opening and closing operation after receiving the control signal;

[0071] The monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the current, voltage, temperature parameters in the circuit, and the contact state of the vacuum switch and the voltage state of the energy storage capacitor in real time, according to the monitored data, it is judged whether the circuit has fault and whether the fault has been cleared, if it is found that the fault has not been cleared or a new fault occurs, the alarm will be sent in time and the reclosing operation will be prevented;

[0072] The communication interface module is used to transmit the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

[0073] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the present application relative to the prior art is:

[0074] 1. The present application provides a method and device for fast reclosing of vacuum switches, which significantly improves the reliability of power supply of the power system by quickly restoring power supply when a transient fault occurs. After detecting the transient fault and isolating it, the reclosing operation is automatically performed, reducing the power outage time caused by the fault. In addition, the device monitors system status in real time, such as current, voltage, temperature and other parameters, to ensure that reclosing is performed immediately after the fault is cleared, thereby reducing the impact on user power supply and improving the overall stability of the system.

[0075] 2. The present application provides a method and device for fast reclosing of vacuum switches, which reduces the delay and errors of human operation through automation control, improves the speed and accuracy of fault handling, and enables the power system to operate more efficiently when facing transient faults. In addition, by analyzing the reclosing operation and judging the state of the energy storage capacitor during the reclosing operation, maintenance personnel can make targeted maintenance adjustments based on the reclosing operation evaluation results, thereby improving the economic efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0076] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art based on these drawings.

[0077] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present application;

[0078] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the first reclosing operation of the present application;

[0079] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit for twice reclosing of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0080] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit for twice reclosing of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0081] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the method of the present application for multiple reclosing of energy in sequence;

[0082] Figure 6 is a block diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0084] As shown in Embodiment 1, Figures 1-4 The present application provides a method for fast reclosing of vacuum switch, comprising the following steps:

[0085] Step 1, design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits, each energy storage circuit contains an energy storage capacitor, each energy storage capacitor has enough energy to drive the vacuum switch to complete a complete closing or opening operation, determine the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the energy required for closing or opening of the vacuum switch, evaluate the requirements of the circuit for fast reclosing, including the frequency, speed and reliability requirements of closing and opening operation, design independent energy storage circuits, and the energy storage circuits are provided with multiple groups, for each energy storage circuit, including energy storage capacitor, charging circuit, discharging circuit, control circuit and each electrical element, provide stable charging voltage and current for each energy storage capacitor, the charging circuit includes a rectifier (converts alternating current to direct current), a current limiting resistor (protects the capacitor and power supply from excessive current impact), and a charging indicator light and voltage monitor (used to indicate the charging status and monitor the capacitor voltage), used to transfer the energy of the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches the predetermined voltage level, the discharging circuit includes a thyristor as a control element, and a protection diode (to prevent reverse voltage damage to the capacitor), used to quickly release the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch when needed, the control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging status of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operation instructions and controlling the on-off of the discharging circuit, realized by microcontroller, logic circuit or relay, etc.;

[0086] Step 2: Make each charging circuit of the energy storage capacitor independent of each other, without a common end connected, to avoid mutual influence during charging, which can improve charging efficiency and system reliability. Use diodes to isolate each group of energy storage capacitors and connect them to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch. Ensure that the energy of each group of capacitors can be released independently during discharge and will not interfere with each other. Design an independent charging circuit for each group of energy storage capacitors, so that each energy storage capacitor is independent of each other and has no direct electrical connection, i.e. no common end connection, to prevent one group of energy storage capacitors from interfering with other groups of energy storage capacitors during charging. Each charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current-limiting resistor, a charging indicator light, and a voltage monitor. The rectifier is used to convert alternating current to direct current. The current-limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitor and power supply from excessive current surges. The charging indicator light and voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging status and monitor the capacitor voltage. In the discharge circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, diodes are used for isolation, and all discharge circuits of energy storage capacitors isolated by diodes are connected to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch. Since diodes have unidirectional conductivity, it can be ensured that during discharge, the energy of each group of capacitors can only flow to the closing and opening coil, and will not flow back to other groups of capacitors or the power supply in the opposite direction. When discharge is needed, each group of energy storage capacitors can independently and simultaneously release energy to the closing and opening coil to push the vacuum switch to close or open. Connect the anode of the diode to the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor and the cathode to the common closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch. The closing and opening coil should be able to withstand the current generated when all energy storage capacitors discharge simultaneously. Install a voltage-sensitive resistor or transient voltage suppression diode in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection to prevent voltage spikes from damaging the energy storage capacitors. Install protection diodes in the discharge circuit to prevent reverse voltage from damaging the energy storage capacitors. According to the design requirements of the energy storage circuit, wire and install the energy storage capacitors, charging circuit components, discharge circuit components, and control circuit components according to the design requirements. Use insulated wires to connect them, ensuring that all connections are secure and reliable and meet electrical safety standards. After installation, debug and test the energy storage circuit to ensure it works normally and meets design requirements. Check the charging efficiency of the charging circuit, the discharge speed of the discharge circuit, and the response speed of the control circuit. Check the independence of each charging circuit and verify that the diodes are effectively isolated.

[0087] Step 3: Charge each group of energy storage capacitors through their respective charging circuits until they reach the predetermined voltage level. The charging process can be done in parallel to improve efficiency. Monitor the charging status to ensure that each group of energy storage capacitors is fully charged and ready. Set the rated voltage V r and capacity C of each group of energy storage capacitors. Determine the charging current I c based on the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitors. According to the power supply voltage V sRated voltage V r and charging current I c Determine the current-limiting resistor R limit To limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit, the current-limiting resistor is calculated using the following expression: The charging time is determined using the charging formula for energy storage capacitors, and the total charging current I when n groups of energy storage capacitors are charged in parallel is calculated. t This ensures the rectifier is matched to the total charging current to meet the charging needs of all energy storage capacitors. The total charging current is calculated using the following expression: I t =n·I c All charging circuits are activated to charge each group of energy storage capacitors. Based on the rated voltage, capacity, charging current, and charging time of each group of energy storage capacitors, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to obtain a charging efficiency evaluation index. This assesses the impact of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process, optimizes charging efficiency, and uses a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time. cap According to the charging voltage V cap With rated voltage V r The comparison result illuminates or extinguishes the charging indicator light to reflect the charging status. An overcharge protection circuit is designed so that when the charging voltage V... cap Approximately rated voltage V r When charging current is reduced or charging is stopped, the charging voltage V of all energy storage capacitors is reduced. cap Reaching rated voltage V r When charging is complete, calculate the entire charging cycle T, including the time it takes for all energy storage capacitors to fully charge: T = max(t1, t2, ..., t...). n ), t n It is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors;

[0088] Furthermore, the charging efficiency evaluation index is calculated by summing the ratios of the charging energy to the square root of the charging time for each group of energy storage capacitors, under the condition of charging time, to obtain the functional relationship f(V, C, I) between charging energy and time efficiency within a given time. Then, under the condition of energy loss, the functional relationship f(V, C) between the theoretical maximum energy and the actual charging time for each group of energy storage capacitors is obtained. Combining f(V, C, I) and f(V, C), the charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained, and its expression is:

[0089]

[0090] Where E is the charging efficiency evaluation index, used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process; f(V, C, I) is the functional relationship between charging energy and time efficiency over a given time; f(V, C) is the functional relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each energy storage capacitor group and the actual charging time under energy loss conditions; n is the number of energy storage capacitor groups; and V...r，i is the rated voltage of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, C i is the capacitance of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, I c，i is the charging current of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, t i is the charging time of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, λ is the energy loss rate constant, indicating the rate of energy loss during the charging process, the value of E is between 0 and 1, the closer the value is to 1, the higher the charging efficiency, exp(-λt i ) is used to model the loss of energy over time;

[0091] Step 4, when the first closing operation needs to be performed, a group of fully charged energy storage capacitors is preferred, the control circuit triggers the selected energy storage capacitors to discharge, and the electrical energy is converted into electromagnetic force to push the vacuum switch to close. After the closing is completed, the energy storage capacitors enter the discharge completion state and wait for recharging. The voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors is checked by the voltage monitor, and a group of energy storage capacitors that have reached the rated voltage and are fully charged are selected and placed in standby state to ensure sufficient energy for discharge. At the same time, the normal operation of the control circuit and the triggering mechanism are checked, including whether the triggering circuit of the thyristor is ready. The control circuit sends a trigger signal to the selected energy storage capacitors corresponding to the thyristor, which makes the thyristor change from blocking state to conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitors to flow to the driving mechanism of the vacuum switch through the thyristor. The thyristor is a semiconductor switching device that can quickly conduct current after receiving a trigger signal. After the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitors begin to discharge, and the electrical energy flows to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch through the discharge circuit. The closing and opening coil receives the current and generates electromagnetic force to push the mechanical parts of the vacuum switch to perform closing operation. The moving contact of the vacuum switch is in full contact with the static contact, and the closing process is completed. At this time, the circuit is connected, and the current flows through the vacuum switch. The voltage of the energy storage capacitors gradually decreases during the discharge process until the discharge is completed and enters the discharge completion state. After the closing is completed, the selected energy storage capacitors enter the discharge completion state, and the control circuit updates its state to prepare for recharging for the next closing operation. The control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitors to start the recharging process. The charging process is carried out through a special charging circuit to convert and store the electrical energy provided by the external power supply in the energy storage capacitors;

[0092] Step 5, after the first closing, the state of the detection circuit is detected, including whether the fault has been cleared and whether the switch has successfully closed. If fast reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energizing time, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitors to recharge. The fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in turn to sequentially release energy for multiple reclosings until the predetermined number of reclosings is reached or the system state meets the stopping conditions.

[0093] Step 6, after all the scheduled reclosing operations are completed, all the discharged energy storage capacitors are recharged, and after the charging is completed, the standby state is entered, waiting for the next operation instruction.

[0094] As shown in Figure 1, the application provides a technical solution based on example 1: preferably, in step 5, the process of releasing energy for multiple reclosing operations in sequence is as follows: Figure 5

[0095] After the first closing, the circuit state is detected, the current, voltage, temperature and other parameters are analyzed to determine whether the fault has been cleared, and the contact state of the detection switch is checked to confirm whether the vacuum switch has successfully closed. If it is detected that the fault has been cleared and the power needs to be restored quickly, it is determined that the reclosing operation needs to be performed, and the time interval requirement of the reclosing is checked to determine whether the time interval is less than the re-energizing time of the energy storage capacitor. If the time interval of the reclosing is less than the time required for the recharging of the energy storage capacitor, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged. In the case where there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, the voltage state of the energy storage capacitor is detected in real time by the voltage monitor, and the energy storage capacitors that have been fully charged are selected in sequence to ensure that the voltage of the selected energy storage capacitor reaches or approaches its rated voltage, so as to ensure that there is enough energy for discharging operation. The control circuit sends a trigger signal to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor, and the trigger signal makes the thyristor conductive to allow the energy storage capacitor to discharge. The fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence, and the energy is released in sequence for reclosing. After each reclosing operation, the circuit state is detected again to determine whether the reclosing needs to continue, and the reclosing operation continues until the predetermined number of reclosing operations is reached or the stop condition of fault clearing is met. After each reclosing operation, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated and marked as discharged, and the charging state of all energy storage capacitors is monitored to ensure that the energy storage capacitors can be recharged in time. After the reclosing operation is completed, the voltage, discharge current and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor involved in the reclosing operation process are extracted, and the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations are obtained. The reclosing evaluation coefficient is calculated by comprehensive analysis, the efficiency of the reclosing operation is evaluated, the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation are optimized, different evaluation levels are set based on the reclosing evaluation coefficient, and the evaluation levels are first, second, third and fourth evaluation levels. Among them, the efficiency of the reclosing operation gradually decreases from the first to the fourth evaluation level, and the corresponding evaluation threshold is set for each evaluation level.

[0096] Further, the expression of the reclosing evaluation coefficient is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] wherein R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, V​c，j is the voltage of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, I d，j is the discharge current of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, t c，j is the charging time of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, m is the number of groups of energy storage capacitors participating in the reclosing operation, S is the number of reclosing operations, β is a proportional constant used to adjust the influence of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index, R ranges from 0 to 1, and the higher the value, the better the efficiency of the reclosing operation, and as the number of reclosing operations increases, the exponential part e -β·S gradually decreases, thereby reducing the value of R, reflecting the negative impact that frequent reclosing may have, and the sum of the ratios of the voltage to the discharge current of all energy storage capacitors participating in the reclosing operation is calculated, and then divided by the number of groups m to obtain the average discharge efficiency;

[0099] The plurality of evaluation levels correspond to a plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0100] The plurality of evaluation levels and the plurality of evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0101] The first evaluation level R ep ≤R<1;

[0102] The second evaluation level R sp ≤R<R ep ;

[0103] The third evaluation level R fp ≤R<R sp ;

[0104] The fourth evaluation level 0<R<R fp ;

[0105] wherein R is a reclosing evaluation coefficient, R ep is the lower threshold corresponding to the first evaluation level and the upper threshold corresponding to the second evaluation level, R sp is the lower threshold corresponding to the second evaluation level and the upper threshold corresponding to the third evaluation level, R fp is the lower threshold corresponding to the third evaluation level and the upper threshold corresponding to the fourth evaluation level, R ep =0.9, R sp =0.7, R fp =0.5;

[0106] In step 6, the process of recharging all discharged energy storage capacitors is as follows:

[0107] Confirm that all scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the status of the vacuum switch, confirm that all energy storage capacitors have completed discharging, and check their appearance and connection lines for abnormalities. Based on the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, detect the discharged energy storage capacitors, analyze the status of each energy storage capacitor, and perform maintenance and adjustment. Identify and record all discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare for charging, start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor, ensure that the parameters of the charging circuit (such as charging current, current limiting resistor, etc.) are set correctly, use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time, ensure that the voltage rises steadily during charging until it reaches the rated voltage, and implement overcharge protection measures to prevent the energy storage capacitor from being charged beyond its rated voltage. When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, determine that the charging is complete, update the status of the energy storage capacitor, mark it as charging complete, and record the time and voltage of the charging completion for subsequent data analysis and maintenance. All energy storage capacitors are charged and enter standby state, ready to respond to the next operation instruction. Record the data of the entire reclosing and charging period, including operation time, voltage, and current, and generate an operation report for analysis and optimization of the operation process.

[0108] As shown in Example 3, Figure 3 , Figure 4 Based on Examples 1-2, the present application provides a technical solution: preferably, as shown in the circuit schematic diagram of the reclosing twice, the rapid opening and closing action of the switch is driven by the electromagnetic force generated by the discharge of the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coil. Generally, each closing and opening action requires a group of capacitor energy storage, and the discharge of the trigger can be triggered during the action. Therefore, when multiple actions and interval time are less than the charging time of the capacitor, multiple groups of capacitor energy storage must be connected in parallel with the closing or opening coil. This patent mainly realizes the sequential discharge of multiple groups of capacitors connected to the same coil, avoiding the problem of simultaneous discharge of multiple groups of capacitors.

[0109] As shown in Example 4, Figure 6 Based on Examples 1-3, the present application also provides a vacuum switch rapid reclosing device for implementing the vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, including a control module, the control module is communicatively connected with an energy storage capacitor module, a vacuum switch module, a monitoring and protection module, and a communication interface module, wherein the modules are electrically connected;

[0110] The control module is used to receive external instructions, analyze circuit status, determine whether to perform reclosing operation, and issue corresponding control signals. It can make decisions on whether to reclose based on real-time data of current, voltage, temperature, and other parameters, as well as scheduled reclosing times and stopping conditions.

[0111] The energy storage capacitor module is used for storing energy for closing or opening operation of the vacuum switch. When the device is in a non-working state, the energy storage capacitor module is responsible for storing electric energy so as to release energy rapidly for reclosing operation when needed. When the control module issues a reclosing instruction, the energy storage capacitor module can rapidly discharge to transmit electric energy to the driving mechanism of the vacuum switch through a switching element such as a thyristor, and complete the reclosing operation. After the reclosing operation is completed, the energy storage capacitor module needs to be recharged for next use. The charging process is monitored by the control module to ensure that the capacitor voltage reaches or approaches the rated value.

[0112] The vacuum switch module is used for rapidly completing opening and closing operations after receiving a control signal.

[0113] The monitoring and protection module is used for monitoring current, voltage, temperature parameters in the circuit, and the contact state of the vacuum switch and the voltage state of the energy storage capacitor in real time. According to the monitored data, it is determined whether the circuit has a fault and whether the fault has been cleared. If it is found that the fault has not been cleared or a new fault occurs, an alarm will be issued in time and reclosing operation will be prevented.

[0114] The communication interface module is used for transmitting the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

[0115] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of fast reclosing of a vacuum switch, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits, each energy storage circuit containing an energy storage capacitor; Step 2, make the charging circuits of each energy storage capacitor independent of each other without a common end connected, isolate each group of energy storage capacitors using diodes, and connect them to the closing coil of the vacuum switch; Step 3, charge each group of energy storage capacitors through the charging circuit until the predetermined voltage level is reached, monitor the charging state to ensure that each group of energy storage capacitors is fully charged and ready for use; Step 4, when the first closing operation is required, first select a group of fully charged energy storage capacitors, trigger the thyristor of the selected energy storage capacitor through the control circuit to discharge it, convert the electrical energy into electromagnetic force, and push the vacuum switch to close, after the closing is completed, the energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state and waits for recharging; Step 5, after the first closing, detect the circuit state, if rapid reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energizing time of the energy storage capacitor, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, and the process is as follows: Step 501, after the first closing, detect the circuit state, check if the fault has been cleared, and confirm whether the vacuum switch has been successfully closed by detecting the contact state of the switch; Step 502, if the fault has been cleared and rapid power restoration is required, determine that reclosing operation is required, check the time interval requirement of reclosing, and determine whether the time interval is less than the re-energizing time of the energy storage capacitor, if the time interval of reclosing is less than the recharging time of the energy storage capacitor, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged; Step 503, in the case where there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, real-time detect the voltage state of the energy storage capacitor through the voltage monitor, and select the energy storage capacitor that has been fully charged in turn; Step 504, send a trigger signal to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor through the control circuit, the trigger signal makes the thyristor conductive, allowing the energy storage capacitor to discharge, and the energy storage capacitor that is fully charged is selected in turn to release energy for reclosing, after each reclosing operation, the circuit state is detected again to determine whether reclosing is required; Step 505, continue reclosing operation until the predetermined number of reclosing is reached, or stop reclosing operation when the stop condition of fault clearance is met; Step 506, after each reclosing operation, update the state of the energy storage capacitor, mark it as discharged and ready for recharging, and monitor the charging state of all energy storage capacitors; Step 507, after the reclosing operation is completed, extract the voltage, discharge current, and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor involved in the reclosing operation, obtain the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations, and comprehensively analyze and calculate the reclosing evaluation coefficient to evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation and optimize the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation. Step 508, based on the coincidence evaluation coefficient, set different evaluation levels, respectively, first level evaluation level, second level evaluation level, third level evaluation level and fourth level evaluation level, wherein the evaluation level from the first level to the fourth level gradually reduces the coincidence operation efficiency, and the corresponding evaluation threshold is set for each evaluation level; The expression of the coincidence evaluation coefficient is: ； wherein, is a reclosing assessment coefficient, is the voltage of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the discharge current of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the charging time of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the number of groups of energy storage capacitors involved in the reclosing operation, is the number of reclosing operations, is a proportional constant to adjust the influence of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index; A plurality of evaluation levels correspond to a plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation threshold includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold; A plurality of evaluation levels and a plurality of evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Primary assessment grade ; Secondary assessment level ; Three-level assessment scale ; Quaternary assessment scale ; wherein, is a reclosing assessment coefficient, is a lower threshold value corresponding to the first assessment level and an upper threshold value corresponding to the second assessment level, is a lower threshold value corresponding to the second assessment level and an upper threshold value corresponding to the third assessment level, is a lower threshold value corresponding to the third assessment level and an upper threshold value corresponding to the fourth assessment level; Step 6, after completing all the scheduled reclosing operations, recharge all the discharged energy storage capacitors, and after charging is completed, enter standby state and wait for the next operation instruction.

2. The vacuum switch fast reclosing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the design and installation process of multiple independent energy storage circuits is as follows: Step 101, determine the capacity of the energy storage capacitor according to the energy required for the closing or opening of the vacuum switch, and evaluate the demand of the fast reclosing circuit, including the frequency, speed and reliability requirements of the closing and opening operation; Step 102, design independent energy storage circuits, and the energy storage circuit is provided with multiple groups, and each group of energy storage circuit includes energy storage capacitor, charging circuit, discharging circuit, control circuit and electrical elements, and each group of energy storage capacitor provides stable charging voltage and current; Step 103, the charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator and a voltage monitor, which is used to transfer the energy of the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches the predetermined voltage level, the discharging circuit includes a thyristor as a control element and a diode, which is used to release the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch when needed, and the control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging state of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operation instructions and controlling the on-off of the discharging circuit.

3. The vacuum switch fast reclosing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the process of isolating each group of energy storage capacitors using diodes and connecting them to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch is as follows: Step 201, design independent charging circuit for each group of energy storage capacitors, so that each energy storage capacitor is independent of each other, wherein each charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator and a voltage monitor, the rectifier is used to convert alternating current into direct current, the current limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitor and the power supply from excessive current impact, and the charging indicator and the voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging state and monitor the capacitor voltage; Step 202, in the discharging circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, use diodes to isolate and connect the discharging circuits of all energy storage capacitors isolated by diodes to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch; Step 203, connect the anode of the diode to the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor, and connect the cathode to the common closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch, install a pressure sensitive resistor or a transient voltage suppression diode in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection, and install a diode in the discharging circuit; Step 204, according to the design requirements of the energy storage circuit, carry out the wiring and installation of the energy storage circuit, install the energy storage capacitor, the charging circuit element, the discharging circuit element and the control circuit element according to the design requirements, and connect them with insulating wires. Step 205, after installation, debug and test the energy storage circuit, check the charging efficiency of the charging circuit, the discharge speed of the discharge circuit and the response speed of the control circuit, and check whether the independence of each charging circuit is good, verify whether the diode plays an isolation role.

4. The vacuum switch fast reclosing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the process of charging each group of energy storage capacitors by each charging circuit is as follows: Step 301, set the rated voltage of each group of energy storage capacitor and capacity , and determine the charging current according to the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitor ; Step 302, based on the power supply voltage Rated voltage and charging current Determine the current limiting resistor To limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit, the current-limiting resistor is calculated using the following expression: ; Step 303, determine the charging time by the charging formula of the energy storage capacitor, and calculate the total charging current when n groups of energy storage capacitors are charged in parallel The rectifier is matched with the total charging current to meet the charging requirements of all energy storage capacitors, and the calculation expression of the total charging current is: ; Step 304, start all charging circuits, charge each group of energy storage capacitors, and comprehensively analyze the charging efficiency evaluation index according to the rated voltage, capacity, charging current and charging time of each group of energy storage capacitors to evaluate the influence of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process and optimize the charging efficiency; Step 305, using voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitor in real time , according to the comparison result of charging voltage and rated voltage , turn on or off the charging indicator to reflect the charging state; Step 306, design overcharge protection circuit, when the charging voltage approaches the rated voltage , reduce the charging current or stop charging, when the charging voltage of all energy storage capacitors reaches the rated voltage , charging is complete; Step 307, calculate the entire charging period , including the time for all energy storage capacitors to be fully charged, , is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors.

5. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method of claim 4, wherein: The charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the charging time, calculating the sum of the ratio of the charging energy of each group of energy storage capacitors to the square root of the charging time, and obtaining the function relationship between the charging energy and the time efficiency in a given time , and analyzing the energy loss to obtain the function relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time , combining and to obtain the charging efficiency evaluation index, and the expression is: ； ； ； wherein, is the charging efficiency evaluation index, used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process, is the function relationship between the charging energy and the time efficiency within a given time, is the function relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time in the case of energy loss, is the number of energy storage capacitor groups, is the rated voltage of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the capacity of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the charging current of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the charging time of the group of energy storage capacitors, is the energy loss rate constant, representing the rate of energy loss during the charging process.

6. The vacuum switch fast reclosing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, the process of performing the first closing operation is as follows: Step 401, check the voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors through the voltage monitor, select a group of energy storage capacitors that have reached the rated voltage and are fully charged, and are in standby state, and check whether the control circuit and trigger mechanism are working normally, including whether the trigger circuit of the thyristor is ready; Step 402, send a trigger signal to the selected energy storage capacitor corresponding to the thyristor through the control circuit, the trigger signal makes the thyristor change from blocking state to conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor to flow to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch through the thyristor; Step 403, after the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitor starts to discharge, and the electrical energy flows to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch through the discharge circuit. After receiving the current, the closing and opening coil generates electromagnetic force, which pushes the mechanical parts of the vacuum switch to perform closing operation. The moving contact and the stationary contact of the vacuum switch are in full contact, and the closing process is completed. Step 404, after the closing is completed, the selected energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state, the control circuit updates its state, and prepares to recharge. The control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitor to start the recharging process.

7. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method of claim 6, wherein: In step 6, the process of recharging all discharged energy storage capacitors is as follows: Step 601, confirm that all scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the state of the vacuum switch, confirm that all energy storage capacitors have completed discharging, and check whether there is any abnormality in the appearance and connection line; Step 602, combine the evaluation results of the reclosing operation to detect the discharged energy storage capacitors and analyze the state of each energy storage capacitor for maintenance and adjustment; Step 603, identify and record all discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare to charge, and start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor; Step 604, use the voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time to ensure that the voltage rises steadily during charging until it reaches the rated voltage, and implement overcharge protection measures; Step 605, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, it is judged that the charging is completed, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated, and it is marked as charging completed, and the time and voltage of charging completion are recorded; Step 606, all energy storage capacitors are charged and enter standby state, ready to respond to the next operation instruction; Step 607, record the data of the whole reclosing and charging cycle, including operation time, voltage, current, and generate operation report to analyze and optimize operation process.

8. Vacuum switch fast reclosing device for implementing the vacuum switch fast reclosing method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-7, comprising a control module, characterized in that: The control module is in communication connection with an energy storage capacitor module, a vacuum switch module, a monitoring and protection module, and a communication interface module, wherein the modules are electrically connected; The control module is used for receiving external instructions, analyzing circuit state, judging whether reclosing operation is needed, and issuing corresponding control signals; The energy storage capacitor module is used for storing energy for the vacuum switch to perform closing or opening operation; The vacuum switch module is used for completing opening and closing operation after receiving the control signal; The monitoring and protection module is used for monitoring current, voltage, temperature parameters in the circuit, and contact state of the vacuum switch and voltage state of the energy storage capacitor in real time, and judging whether the circuit has fault according to the monitored data; The communication interface module is used for transmitting the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

Images