Self-propelled full-hydraulic lifting type sea-buckthorn pruning harvester

Abstract

The invention provides a self-propelled full-hydraulic liftable hippophae rhamnoides pruning harvester which comprises a walking chassis, a pruning device, a conveying device, a material collecting device and a power transmission system. The front-end pruning device is connected with the conveying device, the rear end is connected with the collecting device, and the power transmission system is located on the middle section above the walking chassis. The power transmission system mainly comprises an engine and a hydraulic transmission system so as to achieve full-hydraulic driving of walking, steering and working mechanisms. The hydraulic transmission system comprises a walking control loop, a pruning-conveying control loop, a material collecting box overturning control loop and a chassis lifting control loop. The chassis lifting system can adjust the height of the whole machine to adapt to different terrains and adjust the cutting height of the pruning device. The cutting height of the pruning device is correspondingly adjusted. Different from a traditional mechanical single-power mode, the sea-buckthorn pruning machine is driven in a full-hydraulic mode, pruning, conveying, collecting and discharging of sea-buckthorn can be completed at a time, and the harvesting efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable seabuckthorn pruning and harvesting machine, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] In my country's vast, windswept, sandy northwest region, where the ecological environment is fragile, seabuckthorn, a tree species of great ecological value, has been cultivated on a large scale. With its well-developed root system and strong adaptability, seabuckthorn acts as a green barrier, firmly rooted in the barren sandy soil and playing an invaluable role in conserving water and soil, and preventing wind and sand. Statistics show that the area of ​​seabuckthorn planted in Northwest China has steadily increased over the past few decades, currently exceeding millions of mu (approximately 1,000 hectares), making it a key component of the local ecological restoration and protection system.

[0003] At present, the sea buckthorn harvesting process faces many difficulties. At present, sea buckthorn harvesting mainly relies on traditional manual harvesting, frozen fruit shaking harvesting, and pruning harvesting. Manual harvesting can guarantee the quality of the fruit to the greatest extent, but it requires a lot of manpower and material resources. Taking a medium-sized sea buckthorn plantation as an example, during the peak harvest season, it is often necessary to mobilize hundreds of workers to work at the same time, and each person works for more than 8 hours a day. The harvesting efficiency is extremely low, and on average, each person can only complete the harvesting task of less than 50 kilograms of sea buckthorn fruit per day. The frozen fruit shaking harvesting method is limited by the need for a low temperature environment. Not only is it applicable to a narrow area, but the operation process is also difficult to accurately control. It is very easy to cause excessive damage to the sea buckthorn branches, affecting the yield next year.

[0004] Although seabuckthorn harvesters are available overseas, in-depth research has revealed numerous drawbacks to these imported machines. For one thing, their complex structures, numerous internal components, and poor versatility not only lead to high maintenance costs, but also leave ordinary farmers and maintenance personnel helpless in the event of a malfunction. Furthermore, they are expensive, with a moderately equipped seabuckthorn harvester costing hundreds of thousands of yuan, far beyond the reach of most domestic growers. The booming seabuckthorn industry urgently requires the development of efficient and convenient mechanized seabuckthorn harvesting equipment tailored to my country's specific conditions. This would fill a domestic gap, address seabuckthorn harvesting challenges, and effectively meet the urgent needs of people in seabuckthorn-growing areas to increase their incomes and protect their ecological benefits.

[0005] This invention innovatively proposes a self-propelled, fully hydraulically liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine. First, to accommodate the vast differences in terrain, the height of the chassis is specifically designed to be finely adjusted using a chassis lift cylinder. Whether navigating low-lying areas or mountainous slopes with significant ups and downs, the chassis lift cylinder allows the harvester to adjust its chassis height, significantly improving its adaptability to complex terrain. This design ensures smooth navigation over rugged terrain while also meeting the need to cut sea buckthorn branches at varying heights. When navigating taller sea buckthorn plants, the chassis is raised to allow the pruning tools to reach the appropriate height. For shorter plants, the chassis is lowered for precise operation, avoiding unnecessary damage. This harvester completes the entire process of cutting, transporting, collecting, and unloading sea buckthorn branches in a single operation. Compared to traditional step-by-step operation, this reduces operation time and improves overall harvesting efficiency. Furthermore, the driving mechanism for the machine, including travel, steering, chassis lift, and other working mechanisms, is fully hydraulic. This fully hydraulic drive system has incomparable advantages. In terms of layout, it breaks away from the many constraints of traditional mechanical transmission. The layout of each component can be flexibly arranged according to the overall functional requirements and structural characteristics of the machine, optimizing the space utilization of the entire machine. During operation, the hydraulic system can ensure smooth power output, avoid damage to sea buckthorn branches such as tearing and breaking due to power fluctuations, and ensure the quality of harvest. In terms of control, the operator only needs to simply operate the hydraulic control valve to easily control the actions of each mechanism, which is convenient and fast. In the startup link, the hydraulic drive, due to its own characteristics, is easy to achieve quick startup compared to other drive methods, allowing the harvester to quickly enter the working state, further improving field operation efficiency, and injecting strong impetus into the modernization and efficient development of the sea buckthorn industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning harvester that can enter the field for operation and complete multiple processes of pruning, conveying, collecting and unloading at one time; the whole machine adopts a fully hydraulic drive, and has a flexible layout, stable operation, convenient control, easy quick start, and convenient speed change operation; the height of the walking chassis can be adjusted by the chassis lifting cylinder, so that the sea buckthorn harvester can meet the needs of cutting sea buckthorn fruit branches at different heights.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning harvester, comprising a walking chassis, a pruning device, a cab, a conveying device, a collecting device and a power transmission system, characterized in that the pruning device is arranged at the front end of the walking chassis, the cab is arranged on the left side of the pruning device in the front section of the walking chassis, the conveying device is arranged at the upper middle end of the walking chassis, the front end of the conveying device is correspondingly connected to the rear end of the pruning device, the collecting device is arranged at the rear end above the walking chassis, the collecting device is correspondingly connected to the rear end of the conveying device, and the engine is arranged at the upper middle end of the walking chassis and below the conveying device; the engine is used as the input power source in the power transmission system.

[0008] The camshaft is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder configured to move the camshafts and the hydraulic cylinder to move the camshafts upwards to move the camshafts, thereby enabling the camshafts to move in a straight line or in reverse order.

[0009] Optionally, the pruning device mainly includes a branch wheel lifting cylinder, a pruning device frame, a branch wheel, a cutter and a branch splitter; the pruning device is directly welded and fixed to the front end of the walking chassis, and the branch wheel is connected to the pruning device frame through the branch wheel lifting cylinder; the branch splitter in the pruning device separates the branches entangled together on both sides of the harvester, the branch wheel combs the branches and drives the branches to a reasonable cutting position, and the cutter then cuts off the sea buckthorn branches; the branch rod is installed on the branch wheel in a spiral winding manner; the working execution components that control the pruning device include two branch wheel lifting cylinders, a cutter drive motor and a branch wheel drive motor, which are hydraulic motors.

[0010] Optionally, the conveying device mainly includes a belt plate, a belt plate baffle, side plates on both sides of the conveyor belt, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a rolling bearing and a bearing support, etc.; the conveying device transports the cut sea buckthorn fruit branches to the collection box through the conveying device for collection; the conveying device is driven by a hydraulic motor.

[0011] Optionally, the aggregate device includes a rotating pin, an aggregate box, an aggregate box support frame and a unloading cylinder; the aggregate box support frame is connected between the walking chassis and the aggregate box; two unloading cylinders are designed and installed in parallel on both sides of the aggregate box. When the unloading cylinder is extended, the aggregate box is flipped around the rotating pin under the thrust of the unloading cylinder to unload.

[0012] Optionally, the power transmission system mainly includes an engine, a hydraulic pump, a radiator, a fuel tank and a hydraulic transmission system to achieve full hydraulic drive of walking, steering and working mechanisms; the hydraulic transmission system includes a walking control circuit, a pruning-conveying control circuit, a feed box flipping control circuit, a chassis lifting control circuit and a branch-moving wheel lifting control circuit.

[0013] Optionally, the walking chassis control circuit includes a wheel motor connected to the driving wheel and a cylinder connected to the steering wheel on the walking chassis; the pruning-conveying control circuit includes a driving branch-plugging wheel hydraulic motor connected to the branch-plugging wheel, a driving cutter hydraulic motor connected to the cutter, and a conveyor belt hydraulic motor connected to the conveying device; the aggregate box flipping control circuit includes a unloading cylinder connected to the aggregate box; the chassis lifting control circuit includes a chassis lifting cylinder connected to the walking chassis frame; the branch-plugging wheel lifting control circuit includes a branch-plugging wheel lifting cylinder connected to the branch-plugging wheel; the hydraulic transmission system makes the whole machine compact in structure, flexible in walking and turning, and stepless speed change can be easily achieved through the operating handle.

[0014] The present invention proposes a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine, which establishes a complete harvesting chain for the pruning, conveying, collecting and unloading processes of sea buckthorn. It is suitable for large sea buckthorn planting areas and can efficiently complete the sea buckthorn harvesting work.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides a mechanized harvesting device that can replace the existing manual harvesting mode and can realize hydraulic control of the entire machine. The reasonable structural layout of the entire machine can realize the height adjustment of the entire machine to meet the needs of passing through different terrains. The sea buckthorn harvester has a compact structure.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a mechanized harvesting device that can replace the existing manual harvesting mode and realize hydraulic control of the entire machine. The hydraulic transmission device realizes full hydraulic drive of the walking, steering and working mechanisms, easily realizes stepless speed change and steering, and solves the defects of using a mechanical transmission system with cumbersome operation and high labor intensity.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides a mechanized harvesting device that can replace the existing manual harvesting mode and can realize hydraulic control of the whole machine. The walking chassis adopts a tire-type walking device, which enhances the stability of the whole machine. When the sea buckthorn branches need to be cut at different heights, the height of the harvester's walking chassis can be adjusted, so that the sea buckthorn harvester can meet the needs of cutting sea buckthorn fruit branches at different heights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine traveling chassis.

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a pruning device of a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning harvester.

[0022] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine conveying device.

[0023] Figure 5 The present invention discloses a self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine with a collecting device.

[0024] Shown in the figure: 1-collecting device, 2-conveying device, 3-cab, 4-pruning device, 5-engine, 6-hydraulic pump, 7-radiator, 8-fuel tank, 9-traveling chassis, 11-rotating pin, 12-collecting box, 13-collecting box support frame, 14-unloading cylinder, 21-driving shaft, 22-belt plate, 23-side plates on both sides of conveyor belt, 24-belt plate baffle, 25-driven shaft, 41-branch-push wheel lifting cylinder, 42-pruning device frame, 43-branch-push wheel, 44-cutter, 45-brancher, 91-steering wheel, 92-chassis lifting cylinder, 93-wheel frame, 94-traveling chassis frame, 95-driving wheel, 431-branch-push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-5This embodiment provides the following technical solutions: A self-propelled fully hydraulically liftable sea buckthorn pruning harvester of the present invention includes a walking chassis frame with a plane size of 5800×2700mm; a pruning device, a conveying device and a collecting device are arranged above the walking chassis frame in sequence; a driving wheel, a chassis lifting cylinder and a steering wheel are arranged below the walking chassis frame; an engine, a hydraulic pump, a radiator, a fuel tank and a hydraulic transmission system are arranged in the middle of the walking chassis frame.

[0027] The hydraulic transmission system includes a walking control circuit, a pruning-conveying control circuit, a feed box flipping control circuit, a chassis lifting control circuit and a branch plucking wheel lifting control circuit. The hydraulic transmission system has a gear pump, a multi-way reversing valve, a synchronization valve, a diverter valve, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic pump, etc.

[0028] Working principle: When in use, start the vehicle and the engine, and the travel control circuit ensures that the oil supply through the connected pipeline drives the two hydraulic wheel motors. The straight and reverse movement of the sea buckthorn pruning harvester is achieved by adjusting the speed and rotation direction of the hydraulic wheel motors; the chassis lifting cylinder is extended and retracted to lift the entire vehicle, thereby adjusting the appropriate height between the walking chassis and the pruning device and the ground, making the picking more efficient and avoiding waste; the cutter motor is used to make the cutter move back and forth and cut the sea buckthorn branches, and the height of the branch wheel is adjusted by making the branch wheel lifting cylinder so as to comb the sea buckthorn branches and drive the cut branches to the conveying device. The cut sea buckthorn branches are driven by the conveying device to be put into the aggregate box for aggregation. After the space in the aggregate box is full, the sea buckthorn branches in the aggregate box are unloaded by the unloading cylinder.

[0029] In order to ensure that the sea buckthorn branches cut by the cutter are not blocked at the connection position between the conveying device and the cutter, the lifting cylinder of the branch wheel is adjusted up and down so that the cut sea buckthorn branches can be smoothly driven to the conveying device under the rotation of the branch wheel.

[0030] In order to ensure the smooth lifting of the branch-pushing wheel, the two sides of the branch-pushing wheel lifting cylinder are designed to be parallel; to ensure the smooth flipping and unloading of the aggregate box, the unloading cylinders on both sides of the aggregate box are designed to be parallel; to ensure the smooth lifting of the walking chassis, the upper and lower connection positions of the chassis lifting cylinders are designed to be parallel on the horizontal plane.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed or detachable connections, mechanical or hydraulic connections. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "middle", "back", "left", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply the specific direction structure or direction of the elements or devices referred to. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0033] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate ordinary technicians in this technical field to understand and use the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning harvester, comprising a walking chassis (9), a pruning device (4), a cab (3), a conveying device (2), a collecting device (1) and a power transmission system, characterized in that The pruning device (4) is arranged at the front end of the traveling chassis (9), the cab (3) is arranged on the left side of the pruning device (4) at the front end of the traveling chassis (9), the conveying device (2) is arranged at the upper middle end of the traveling chassis (9), the front end of the conveying device (2) is correspondingly connected to the rear end of the pruning device (4), the collecting device (1) is arranged at the rear end of the traveling chassis (9), the collecting device (1) is correspondingly connected to the rear end of the conveying device (2), the engine (5) is arranged at the upper middle end of the traveling chassis (9) and below the conveying device (2); the engine (5) is used as an input power source in the power transmission system.

2. The self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking chassis (9) is of a liftable type and mainly comprises a steering wheel (91), a chassis lifting oil cylinder (92), a wheel frame (93), a walking chassis frame (94) and a driving wheel (95); one end of the chassis lifting oil cylinder (92) is connected to the walking chassis frame (94), and the other end is connected to the wheel frame (93), and the height between the walking chassis (9) and the ground is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the chassis lifting oil cylinder (92); the driving wheel (95) of the walking chassis (9) comprises two hydraulic wheel motors, and the driving of the wheel is directly driven by the hydraulic wheel motors; the steering wheel (91) of the walking chassis (9) comprises a steering oil cylinder, and the steering direction of the steering wheel (91) is achieved by the expansion and contraction of the steering oil cylinder.

3. The self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pruning device (4) mainly comprises a branch-moving wheel lifting cylinder (41), a pruning device frame (42), a branch-moving wheel (43), a cutter (44) and a branch splitter (45); the pruning device (4) is directly connected to the front end of the walking chassis (9), the branch-moving wheel (43) is connected to the pruning device frame (42) through the branch-moving wheel lifting cylinder (41), the cutter (44) is installed at the front end of the pruning device frame (42), and the branch splitter (45) is installed on both sides of the cutter (44) and connected to the pruning device frame (42).

4. The self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device (2) mainly comprises a belt plate (22), a belt plate baffle (24), side plates (23) on both sides of the conveyor belt, a driving shaft (21), a driven shaft (25), a rolling bearing and a bearing support.

5. The self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material collecting device (1) comprises a rotating pin (11), a material collecting box (12), a material collecting box support frame (13) and a discharge oil cylinder (14).

6. The self-propelled fully hydraulic liftable sea buckthorn pruning and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission system mainly includes an engine (5), a hydraulic pump (6), a radiator (7), an oil tank (8) and a hydraulic transmission system to realize full hydraulic drive of walking, steering and working mechanisms; the hydraulic transmission system includes a walking control circuit, a pruning-transporting control circuit, a collection box turnover control circuit, a chassis lifting control circuit and a branch-moving wheel lifting control circuit; the walking chassis control circuit includes a wheel motor connected to the driving wheel (95) and an oil cylinder connected to the steering wheel (91) on the walking chassis (9); the pruning-transporting control circuit includes a control circuit connected to the branch-moving wheel (43) The hydraulic motor for driving the branch-moving wheel is connected to the cutter (44), the hydraulic motor for driving the cutter is connected to the conveyor belt (2), the aggregate box turnover control circuit includes a discharge oil cylinder (14) connected to the aggregate box (12), the chassis lifting control circuit includes a chassis lifting oil cylinder (92) connected to the traveling chassis frame (94), and the branch-moving wheel lifting control circuit includes a branch-moving wheel lifting oil cylinder (41) connected to the branch-moving wheel (43); the hydraulic transmission system makes the whole machine compact in structure, flexible in walking and turning, and stepless speed change can be easily achieved through the operating handle.

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