Ecological nutrient soil preparation device and method based on coal gangue solid waste
Through the integrated coal gangue solid waste preparation device, the problems of inefficiency and dust pollution caused by transportation between equipment during the coal gangue treatment process were solved, and the efficient preparation of coal gangue nutrient soil was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511132349.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
In the existing coal gangue solid waste treatment process, the single-machine operation mode of the crushing device can only complete primary crushing. The subsequent fine processing process requires repeated transfer between multiple devices, resulting in time loss, increased energy consumption, dust pollution and production process interruption, affecting the continuous operation of the production line and capacity improvement.
An integrated device for preparing ecological nutrient soil from coal gangue solid waste is designed, which includes a feeding frame, a shredding roller, an abrasive mechanism and a separator. Through the composite crushing of the shredding roller, the grinding of the abrasive mechanism and the rapid collection of the separator, the continuous treatment of coal gangue is achieved.
It improves the efficiency and production capacity of preparing nutrient soil from coal gangue, reduces the residence time of materials between processes, reduces energy consumption and dust pollution, and ensures continuous production operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN120662427A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gangue solid waste processing, and in particular to a device and method for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on gangue solid waste. Background Art
[0002] Mineral resources, as the cornerstone of modern industrial society, support the sustained and rapid development of social economy. However, with large-scale and continuous mineral mining activities, the original land structure and surface vegetation in the mining area have inevitably suffered severe disturbance and serious damage. The direct consequence of this damage is that the soil and water conservation capacity of the land has been significantly weakened. As we all know, healthy plant communities and well-functioning soil are the two core pillars of a stable and sustainable ecosystem. For the special soil environment of abandoned mining areas, which is highly impoverished and highly metallized, it is particularly urgent and of great practical and practical significance to actively develop special soil conditioners that can effectively improve their physical structure. In terms of ecological significance, utilizing the large amount of solid waste generated during mining, such as coal gangue, as raw materials and preparing soil conditioners through specific processes is one of the important strategies to meet this challenge. The core value of this strategy lies in "treating waste with waste". It not only finds a new way to utilize the resources of coal gangue that piles up like mountains, occupies land and easily causes environmental problems, but more importantly, its goal is to directly address the most fundamental land resource restoration and function recovery issues in abandoned mining areas. The transformation of coal gangue into efficient and safe soil conditioners usually requires specially designed preparation processes and corresponding processing equipment to ensure that the performance of the final product is stable and reliable, and can meet the strict requirements of mine ecological restoration.
[0003] In the existing process of resource utilization of coal gangue solid waste, the crushing link as a key process has obvious process bottlenecks. Traditional crushing equipment usually adopts a single-machine operation mode and can only complete the primary crushing function, while subsequent finishing processes such as secondary grinding and particle size classification need to rely on other special equipment. This segmented processing method requires materials to be repeatedly transported between multiple devices, which not only increases the time loss and energy consumption during material transportation, but also easily causes dust pollution problems. More importantly, poor connection between processes will cause interruption of the production process, which restricts the operating efficiency of the entire preparation system. Especially in the process of processing coal gangue into nutrient soil, this discrete production model significantly prolongs the residence time of materials between processes, which not only affects the continuous operation of the production line, but also restricts the improvement of the production capacity of the final product.
[0004] In view of this, we propose an ecological nutrient soil preparation device and method based on coal gangue solid waste. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological nutrient soil preparation device and method based on coal gangue solid waste, so as to solve the problem that the single-machine operation mode of the crushing device proposed in the above background technology can only complete the primary crushing function, and the subsequent finishing processes such as secondary grinding, particle size grading and other processes need to rely on other special equipment. This segmented processing method causes the material to be repeatedly transported between multiple devices, which not only increases the time loss and energy consumption in the material transportation process, but also easily causes dust pollution problems. More importantly, the poor connection between the processes will cause the interruption of the production process, which restricts the operation efficiency of the entire preparation system. Especially in the process of processing coal gangue into nutrient soil, this discrete production mode significantly prolongs the residence time of the material between the processes, which not only affects the continuous operation of the production line, but also restricts the problem of improving the production capacity of the final product. To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ecological nutrient soil preparation device based on coal gangue solid waste, comprising a feeding frame, the bottom of the feeding frame is fixedly connected to a processing frame, a cutting roller is fixedly provided on the front side of the feeding frame, a motor is fixedly connected to the front side of the processing frame, the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor passes through the interior of the processing frame, an abrasive mechanism for grinding coal gangue solid waste is rotatably provided on the side of the inner wall of the processing frame, a rectangular groove is provided on the top of the processing frame, a partition mechanism for blocking coal gangue solid waste is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner wall of the processing frame, and a collecting frame is movably connected to the left side of the processing frame.
[0006] Preferably, the shredding roller includes a connecting rod, which is rotatably connected to the front side of the feed frame, and a shredding blade is fixedly sleeved on the side of the connecting rod. The number of the shredding blades is twelve, and the twelve shredding blades are grouped into six and five shredding hammers are rotatably provided on each side opposite to each other. A belt is sleeved on the side of the connecting rod and the rotating shaft of the motor, and the belt is connected to the side of the rotating shaft of the motor through the connecting rod. The side of the belt contacts the side of the rectangular groove, and the twelve groups of shredding blades cooperate with the rotating shredding hammers to form a stepped crushing matrix. The blade groups are symmetrically arranged to achieve the synergistic effect of bidirectional shear force. When the material enters the crushing zone, the high-speed rotating shredder hammer first impacts and crushes the coal gangue, followed by a fixed blade that accurately cuts the fragments. The belt drive system effectively suppresses transmission vibration through the rectangular groove limit design to ensure the smoothness of power transmission. The articulated structure of the shredder hammer enables it to automatically swing back to unload force when encountering hard ore layers, and maintain vertical impact when encountering soft interlayers, greatly reducing the risk of equipment jamming. This composite crushing mechanism significantly improves the adaptability to the processing of coal gangue with complex composition.
[0007] Preferably, a feed plate is fixedly provided on the right side of the inner wall of the feed frame, and the feed plate is inclined at 45° and arranged on the left side of the inner wall of the feed frame, and several reinforcement strips are fixedly provided on the bottom of the feed plate, and protective strips are provided on the front and rear sides of the top of the feed plate, and square grooves are provided on the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the feed frame, and a filter plate is slidingly provided inside the square groove, and four first compression springs are fixedly provided on the bottom of the filter plate, and the bottom end of the first compression spring is fixedly matched with the lower side of the inner wall of the square groove. The 45° inclined feed plate cooperates with the guide protection strip through gravity self-flow to construct a precise material flow control channel, and the reinforcement strip network enhances the structural rigidity while its ridge layout guides the material to form a thin layer with uniform distribution. The filter plate forms a dynamic screening system under the support of four groups of first compression springs: when oversized particles impact, the filter plate elastically sinks to expand the flow gap; under normal working conditions, the preset sieve hole size is maintained to optimize subsequent crushing efficiency from the source.
[0008] Preferably, the abrasive mechanism includes an active bevel gear, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor, a round rod is rotatably provided on the middle part of the inner wall of the processing frame, the bottom end of the round rod is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the active bevel gear, the side of the round rod is fixedly sleeved with a grinding disk, the upper side of the side of the round rod is fixedly sleeved with a cross bar, both sides of the cross bar of the cross bar are fixedly connected with grinding rollers, the side of the grinding roller is transmission-connected with the grinding disk, when the round rod drives the grinding disk on its side to rotate, it also drives the cross bar and the grinding roller to rotate, and makes the grinding roller contact with the side of the grinding disk, so that the grinding roller can rotate while rotating, thereby quickly grinding the coal gangue into particles.
[0009] Preferably, the top end of the round rod is fixedly sleeved with a protective sleeve, and an L-shaped scraper is fixedly provided on the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar, and the bottom of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper is slidably matched with the top of the grinding disk, and the front and rear sides of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper are beveled, and a reinforcement plate is fixedly provided on the top of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper, and the top of the reinforcement plate is fixedly matched with the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar, and an annular groove is provided on the side of the grinding disk. The L-shaped scraper forms a dynamic cleaning blade through the beveled cutting edge design, which continuously scrapes off the fine powder adhered to the surface of the grinding disk during the rotation with the cross bar, and the triangular support structure of the reinforcement plate enhances the bending stiffness of the scraper, so that it can maintain a stable veneer state under high-pressure working conditions.
[0010] Preferably, a discharge plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the bottom of the inner wall of the processing frame, the right side of the top of the discharge plate is beveled, and the left side of the discharge plate is rotatably matched with the side of the grinding disc, and the left side of the discharge plate is fixedly connected to the limit block, and the side of the limit block is rotatably matched with the inside of the annular groove. The angled discharge plate forms a gravity acceleration guide surface, so that materials that meet the particle size requirements can quickly slide away from the processing area. The precise fit between the limit block and the annular groove radially constrains the axial movement of the grinding disc, while oversized particles are blocked in the grinding chamber.
[0011] The cam is fixedly mounted on the top of the discharging plate, and the cam is provided with a plurality of discharge holes on the side of the discharging plate, the cam is provided with a partition for sliding inside the discharging plate, the side of the partition is provided with a through slot, the right side of the discharging plate is provided with a long slot, the inside of the long slot is provided with a rectangular frame for sliding inside the rectangular frame, and an H-shaped block is movably inserted into the inside of the rectangular frame, and the right side of the vertical block of the H-shaped block is fixedly connected to the second compression spring, and the right end of the second compression spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the rectangular frame. The right side of the partition frame is provided with a slot that matches the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block. After the H-shaped block is moved forward and the partition is driven upward by the rectangular frame, the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block is moved to the same center of the circle as the slot, and then the second compression spring is relaxed, so that the H-shaped block moves to the inside of the slot due to the rebound force of the second compression spring, and then the dividing frame is quickly opened, so that the ground coal gangue moves to the inside of the discharging plate through the through slot.
[0012] A method for using a device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste comprises the following steps:
[0013] S1. First, the gangue to be processed is poured into the inside of the feed plate. Then, the motor is started. The motor's rotating shaft drives the connecting rod and the shredding blades on its side to rotate through a belt. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the shredding blades drives the shredding hammers to swing outward, thereby quickly crushing the gangue.
[0014] S2. The crushed gangue falls to the upper side of the filter plate. The impact of the falling gangue on the filter plate presses the filter plate and the first compression spring downward, so that the first compression spring drives the filter plate and the gangue on its upper side to vibrate continuously. At this time, the gangue of appropriate size passes through the filter plate and falls into the processing frame. The larger gangue continues to be cut again by the shredding blade and the shredding hammer.
[0015] S3. When the gangue passes through the processing frame and falls to the upper side of the grinding disc, the rotating shaft of the motor drives the active bevel gear to rotate, and the active bevel gear drives the round rod and the cross bar on its upper side to rotate through the driven bevel gear. At the same time, the cross bar drives the grinding roller to rotate, and when the grinding roller rotates, it contacts the lower side of the grinding disc and rotates, thereby quickly grinding the small-sized gangue.
[0016] S4. When the round rod rotates, it drives the L-shaped scraper on its side to rotate as well. The ground coal gangue is moved to the side of the discharge plate by the L-shaped scraper. By moving the H-shaped block forward, the second compression spring is compressed, and the rectangular frame and the partition are driven upward by the H-shaped block, so that the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block moves to the same center as the slot. Then, the H-shaped block is relaxed, and the H-shaped block is moved to the inside of the slot by the rebound force of the second compression spring. The ground coal gangue soil can be quickly moved to the inside of the collection frame through the inside of the discharge hole.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] In the present invention, the motor drives the connecting rod and the chopping blade to rotate through the belt, and the centrifugal force of the chopping blade drives the chopping hammer to swing outward and expand, so as to crush the coal gangue. The crushed coal gangue falls onto the filter plate, and the impact of the falling coal gangue on the filter plate causes the first compression spring to drive the filter plate and the coal gangue on its upper side to vibrate continuously. At this time, the coal gangue of appropriate size falls through the filter plate to the inside of the processing frame, and the coal gangue of larger size continues to be cut again by the chopping blade and the chopping hammer, so that the coal gangue is quickly chopped.
[0019] In the present invention, when the gangue falls to the upper side of the grinding disc through the processing frame, the rotating shaft of the motor drives the active bevel gear to rotate, and the active bevel gear drives the round rod and the cross bar on its upper side to rotate through the driven bevel gear, and at the same time the cross bar drives the grinding roller to rotate, and the grinding roller contacts the grinding disc and rotates, so as to grind the cut small-sized gangue, and then the gangue can be directly ground after being chopped, thereby reducing the time for preparing the nutrition of the gangue and increasing the preparation output of the nutrient soil of the gangue.
[0020] In the present invention, the L-shaped scraper on its side is driven to rotate by the round rod, and the coal gangue is moved to the side of the discharge plate by the L-shaped scraper, the H-shaped block is moved forward, the second compression spring is compressed, and the rectangular frame and the partition are driven to move up by the H-shaped block, so that the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block is moved to the same center as the slot, and then the H-shaped block is relaxed, so that the H-shaped block is moved into the slot through the second compression spring, and the ground coal gangue soil can be moved to the inside of the collection frame through the inside of the discharge hole, and the ground coal gangue can be quickly collected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the feed frame of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3It is a partial three-dimensional structure expansion diagram of the shredding roller of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the feed frame of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the processing frame of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural expansion diagram of the processing frame of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the processing frame of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structure expansion diagram of the abrasive mechanism of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the separation mechanism of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 10 It is a partial three-dimensional structure expansion diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.
[0031] In the figure: 1. Feed frame; 101. Feed plate; 102. Reinforcement strip; 103. Protection strip; 104. Square groove; 105. Filter plate; 106. First compression spring; 2. Processing frame; 201. Discharge plate; 202. Stop block; 3. Chopping roller; 301. Connecting rod; 302. Chopping blade; 303. Chopping hammer; 304. Belt; 4. Motor; 5. Abrasive mechanism; 501. Active bevel gear; 502. Round rod; 503. Driven bevel gear; 504, grinding disc; 505, cross bar; 506, grinding roller; 507, protective sleeve; 508, L-shaped scraper; 509, reinforcement plate; 5010, annular groove; 6, rectangular groove; 7, separation mechanism; 701, separation frame; 702, discharge hole; 703, partition; 704, through groove; 705, long groove; 706, rectangular frame; 707, H-shaped block; 708, second compression spring; 709, slot; 8, collection frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0033] See also Figures 1 to 10The present invention provides a technical solution: an ecological nutrient soil preparation device based on coal gangue solid waste, comprising a feeding frame 1, a processing frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding frame 1, a cutting roller 3 is fixedly provided on the front side of the feeding frame 1, a motor 4 is fixedly connected to the front side of the processing frame 2, the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor 4 passes through the interior of the processing frame 2, an abrasive mechanism 5 for grinding coal gangue solid waste is rotatably provided on the side of the inner wall of the processing frame 2, a rectangular groove 6 is provided on the top of the processing frame 2, a partition mechanism 7 for blocking coal gangue solid waste is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner wall of the processing frame 2, and a collecting frame 8 is movably inserted on the left side of the processing frame 2.
[0034] Example 1:
[0035] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figures 3 and 4 , this embodiment provides a technical solution:
[0036] The chopping roller 3 includes a connecting rod 301, which is rotatably connected to the front side of the feed frame 1. A chopping blade 302 is fixedly sleeved on the side of the connecting rod 301. The number of chopping blades 302 is twelve, and the twelve chopping blades 302 are grouped into six groups, and five chopping hammers 303 are rotatably provided on each side of each pair of opposite sides. A belt 304 is sleeved on the side of the connecting rod 301 and the rotating shaft of the motor 4. The belt 304 is transmission-connected to the side of the rotating shaft of the motor 4 through the connecting rod 301, and the side of the belt 304 contacts the side of the rectangular groove 6.
[0037] A feed plate 101 is fixedly provided on the right side of the inner wall of the feed frame 1, and the feed plate 101 is arranged at a 45° angle on the left side of the inner wall of the feed frame 1. A number of reinforcement strips 102 are fixedly provided on the bottom of the feed plate 101, and protective strips 103 are provided on the front and rear sides of the top of the feed plate 101. Square grooves 104 are provided on the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the feed frame 1, and a filter plate 105 is slidably provided inside the square groove 104. Four first compression springs 106 are fixedly provided on the bottom of the filter plate 105, and the bottom ends of the first compression springs 106 are fixedly engaged with the lower side of the inner wall of the square groove 104;
[0038] In this embodiment, in the preparation process of coal gangue soil conditioner, efficient crushing is crucial. The core of the equipment lies in the coordinated high-speed rotation of the shredding blade 302 and the shredding hammer 303. They strongly impact and cut the input coal gangue blocks, and can quickly crush them into particles of smaller size that meet the requirements. These qualified fine coal gangue particles are then screened by the filter plate 105 with a specific aperture below, and smoothly move to the inner wall area of the processing frame 2 where the next stage is located for subsequent processing. Those coal gangue blocks that fail to pass through the sieve holes and are still larger in size will be brought back to the crushing area by the rotating blades and hammers, and can be fully shredded again until they meet the size requirements and pass through the filter plate 105. 5. The entire feeding process is guided by the inclined feeding plate 101, which uses gravity to smoothly move the coal gangue raw materials to be processed from the entrance to the inside of the feeding frame 1. In order to ensure the safety and cleanliness of the feeding process, the equipment is provided with a protective strip 103 on the upper edge of the feeding frame 1, which can effectively prevent the coal gangue from splashing or overflowing during the pouring process. In addition, the side of the feeding plate 101 is also installed with a reinforcement strip 102, which significantly increases the firmness of the feeding plate 101 fixed to the side of the feeding frame 1, and at the same time reduces the possibility of strong impact on the upper side of the feeding plate 101 when a large amount of coal gangue raw materials is poured into it, thereby causing deformation or even damage to the feeding plate 101, thereby ensuring the durability and stability of the equipment;
[0039] Example 2:
[0040] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figures 7 and 8 , this embodiment provides a technical solution:
[0041] The abrasive mechanism 5 includes a driving bevel gear 501, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor 4. A round rod 502 is rotatably provided in the middle of the inner wall of the processing frame 2. The bottom end of the round rod 502 is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear 503. The driven bevel gear 503 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 501. A grinding disc 504 is fixedly sleeved on the side of the round rod 502. A cross bar 505 is fixedly sleeved on the upper side of the side of the round rod 502. Grinding rollers 506 are fixedly connected on both sides of the cross bar of the cross bar 505. The side of the grinding roller 506 is transmission-connected to the grinding disc 504.
[0042] A protective sleeve 507 is fixedly mounted on the top of the round rod 502. An L-shaped scraper 508 is fixedly provided on the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar 505. The bottom of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper 508 slides with the top of the grinding disc 504. Both the front and rear sides of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper 508 are beveled. A reinforcing plate 509 is fixedly provided on the top of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper 508. The top of the reinforcing plate 509 is fixedly fitted with the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar 505. An annular groove 5010 is provided on the side of the grinding disc 504.
[0043] In this embodiment, when the rotating shaft of the motor 4 drives the active bevel gear 501 to rotate, it can drive the driven bevel gear 503 and the round rod 502 to rotate, and at the same time the round rod 502 drives the cross bar 505 on its side and the grinding roller 506 to rotate, and the grinding roller 506 contacts the upper side of the grinding disk 504 when rotating, so that the grinding roller 506 rotates around the round rod 502 while rotating, so that the coal gangue chopped into small particles can be quickly ground. At the same time, the protective cover 507 can protect the upper side of the cross bar 505 to reduce the damage caused by the impact of the falling coal gangue fragments on the cross bar 505. The L-shaped scraper 508 can scrape the ground coal gangue to the right to the side of the discharge plate 201;
[0044] Example 3:
[0045] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figures 9 and 10 , this embodiment provides a technical solution:
[0046] The left side of the bottom of the inner wall of the processing frame 2 is fixedly connected to a discharge plate 201. The right side of the top of the discharge plate 201 is beveled, and the left side of the discharge plate 201 is rotatably engaged with the side of the grinding disc 504. The left side of the discharge plate 201 is fixedly connected to a limit block 202. The side of the limit block 202 is rotatably engaged with the inside of the annular groove 5010.
[0047] The partition mechanism 7 includes a partition frame 701, which is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge plate 201. A plurality of discharge holes 702 are provided on the side of the partition frame 701. A partition plate 703 is slidably provided inside the partition frame 701. A through slot 704 is provided on the side of the partition plate 703. A long slot 705 is provided on the right side of the partition frame 701. A rectangular frame 706 is slidably provided inside the long slot 705. An H-shaped block 707 is movably inserted into the interior of the rectangular frame 706. A second compression spring 708 is fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical block of the H-shaped block 707. The right end of the second compression spring 708 is fixedly connected to the interior of the rectangular frame 706. A slot 709 is provided on the right side of the partition frame 701 to cooperate with the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block 707.
[0048] In this embodiment, the H-shaped block 707 is moved toward the front side of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 706, and the second compression spring 708 is compressed. Then, the H-shaped block 707 drives the rectangular frame 706 and the partition 703 to move upward, releasing the sealing state of the through groove 704. Then, the H-shaped block 707 is relaxed, and the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block 707 can be moved to the inside of the slot 709, thereby quickly fixing the moved partition 703.
[0049] A method for using a device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste comprises the following steps:
[0050] S1. First, the gangue to be processed is poured into the interior of the feed plate 101. Then, the motor 4 is started. The connecting rod 301 and the chopping blades 302 on its side are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft of the motor 4 through the belt 304. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the chopping blades 302 drives the chopping hammers 303 to swing outward, thereby quickly crushing the gangue.
[0051] S2. The crushed gangue falls to the upper side of the filter plate 105. The impact of the falling gangue on the filter plate 105 presses the filter plate 105 and the first compression spring 106 downward, causing the first compression spring 106 to drive the filter plate 105 and the gangue on its upper side to vibrate continuously. At this time, the gangue of appropriate size passes through the filter plate 105 and falls into the interior of the processing frame 2. The larger gangue continues to be cut again by the shredder blade 302 and the shredder hammer 303.
[0052] S3. After the gangue passes through the processing frame 2 and falls to the upper side of the grinding disc 504, the rotating shaft of the motor 4 drives the active bevel gear 501 to rotate, and the active bevel gear 501 drives the round rod 502 and the cross bar 505 on its upper side to rotate through the driven bevel gear 503. At the same time, the cross bar 505 drives the grinding roller 506 to rotate, and when the grinding roller 506 rotates, it contacts the lower side of the grinding disc 504 and rotates, thereby quickly grinding the small-sized gangue.
[0053] S4. When the round rod 502 rotates, it drives the L-shaped scraper 508 on its side to rotate, and the ground coal gangue is moved to the side of the discharge plate 201 through the L-shaped scraper 508. By moving the H-shaped block 707 forward, the second compression spring 708 is compressed, and the rectangular frame 706 and the partition 703 are driven upward by the H-shaped block 707, so that the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block 707 moves to the same center as the slot 709, and then the H-shaped block 707 is relaxed, so that the H-shaped block 707 is moved to the inside of the slot 709 by the rebound force of the second compression spring 708, and the ground coal gangue soil can be quickly moved to the inside of the collection frame 8 through the inside of the discharge hole 702.
[0054] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste, comprising a feed frame (1), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a processing frame (2), characterized in that: A shredding roller (3) is fixedly provided on the front side of the feed frame (1), a motor (4) is fixedly connected to the front side of the processing frame (2), the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor (4) passes through the interior of the processing frame (2), an abrasive mechanism (5) for grinding coal gangue solid waste is rotatably provided on the side of the inner wall of the processing frame (2), a rectangular groove (6) is provided on the top of the processing frame (2), a partition mechanism (7) for blocking coal gangue solid waste is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner wall of the processing frame (2), and a collecting frame (8) is movably connected to the left side of the processing frame (2).
2. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chopping roller (3) comprises a connecting rod (301), the connecting rod (301) being rotatably connected to the front side of the feed frame (1), a chopping blade (302) being fixedly sleeved on the side of the connecting rod (301), the number of the chopping blades (302) being twelve, the twelve chopping blades (302) being grouped into six and each having five chopping hammers (303) rotatably arranged on one side opposite to the other, a belt (304) being sleeved on the side of the connecting rod (301) and the rotating shaft of the motor (4), the belt (304) being transmission-connected to the side of the rotating shaft of the motor (4) through the connecting rod (301), and the side of the belt (304) being in contact with the side of the rectangular groove (6).
3. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed plate (101) is fixedly provided on the right side of the inner wall of the feed frame (1), and the feed plate (101) is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees on the left side of the inner wall of the feed frame (1). A plurality of reinforcement strips (102) are fixedly provided on the bottom of the feed plate (101), and protective strips (103) are provided on the front and rear sides of the top of the feed plate (101). A square groove (104) is provided on the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the feed frame (1), and a filter plate (105) is slidably provided inside the square groove (104). Four first compression springs (106) are fixedly provided on the bottom of the filter plate (105), and the bottom ends of the first compression springs (106) are fixedly matched with the lower side of the inner wall of the square groove (104).
4. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abrasive mechanism (5) comprises a driving bevel gear (501), the driving bevel gear (501) being fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft of the motor (4); a round rod (502) being rotatably provided in the middle of the inner wall of the processing frame (2); a driven bevel gear (503) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the round rod (502); the driven bevel gear (503) being meshed with the driving bevel gear (501); a grinding disc (504) being fixedly sleeved on the side of the round rod (502); a cross bar (505) being fixedly sleeved on the upper side of the side of the round rod (502); grinding rollers (506) being fixedly connected to both sides of the cross bar of the cross bar (505); and the side of the grinding roller (506) being transmission-connected to the grinding disc (504).
5. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the round rod (502) is fixedly sleeved with a protective sleeve (507), the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar (505) is fixedly provided with an L-shaped scraper (508), the bottom of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper (508) is slidably matched with the top of the grinding disc (504), and the front and rear sides of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper (508) are both beveled, and the top of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped scraper (508) is fixedly provided with a reinforcing plate (509), and the top of the reinforcing plate (509) is fixedly matched with the lower side of the front vertical bar of the cross bar (505), and the side of the grinding disc (504) is provided with an annular groove (5010).
6. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: A discharge plate (201) is fixedly connected to the left side of the bottom of the inner wall of the processing frame (2), the right side of the top of the discharge plate (201) is beveled, and the left side of the discharge plate (201) is rotatably engaged with the side of the grinding disc (504), and the left side of the discharge plate (201) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (202), and the side of the limiting block (202) is rotatably engaged with the inside of the annular groove (5010).
7. The device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition mechanism (7) includes a partition frame (701), which is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge plate (201), and a plurality of discharge holes (702) are provided on the side of the partition frame (701). A partition plate (703) is provided inside the partition frame (701) for sliding, and a through groove (704) is provided on the side of the partition plate (703). A long groove (705) is provided on the right side of the partition frame (701), and a rectangular frame (706) is provided inside the long groove (705). An H-shaped block (707) is movably inserted inside the rectangular frame (706), and a second compression spring (708) is fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical block of the H-shaped block (707), and the right end of the second compression spring (708) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rectangular frame (706). A slot (709) is provided on the right side of the partition frame (701) for matching with the upper horizontal block of the H-shaped block (707).
8. A method for using a device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste, using the device for preparing ecological nutrient soil based on coal gangue solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. First, the gangue to be processed is poured into the interior of the feed plate (101), and then the motor (4) is started. The connecting rod (301) and the chopping blades (302) on its side are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft of the motor (4) through the belt (304). At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the chopping blades (302) drives the chopping hammers (303) to swing outward, thereby quickly crushing the gangue; S2, the crushed gangue falls to the upper side of the filter plate (105), and the impact of the falling gangue on the filter plate (105) presses the filter plate (105) and the first compression spring (106) downward, so that the first compression spring (106) drives the filter plate (105) and the gangue on the upper side thereof to vibrate continuously. At this time, the gangue of appropriate size falls through the filter plate (105) into the interior of the processing frame (2), and the gangue of larger size continues to be cut again by the chopping blade (302) and the chopping hammer (303); S3. After the gangue passes through the processing frame (2) and falls to the upper side of the grinding disc (504), the driving bevel gear (501) is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft of the motor (4), and the driving bevel gear (501) drives the round rod (502) and the cross bar (505) on the upper side thereof to rotate through the driven bevel gear (503). At the same time, the cross bar (505) drives the grinding roller (506) to rotate, and the grinding roller (506) rotates and contacts the lower side of the grinding disc (504) to rotate, thereby quickly grinding the small-sized gangue after cutting; S4. When the round rod (502) rotates, the L-shaped scraper (508) on its side is driven to rotate, and the ground coal gangue is moved to the side of the discharge plate (201) by the L-shaped scraper (508). By moving the H-shaped block (707) forward, the second compression spring (708) is compressed, and the rectangular frame (706) and the partition (703) are driven upward by the H-shaped block (707), so that the upper side horizontal block of the H-shaped block (707) moves to the same center as the slot (709). Then, the H-shaped block (707) is relaxed, and the H-shaped block (707) is moved to the inside of the slot (709) by the rebound force of the second compression spring (708), so that the ground coal gangue soil can be quickly moved to the inside of the collection frame (8) through the inside of the discharge hole (702).