Welding machine for repairing abrasion of main shaft of large equipment and machining method of welding machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of large equipment spindle abrasion repair, in particular to a large equipment spindle abrasion repair welding machine and a machining method thereof.The large equipment spindle abrasion repair welding machine comprises a first supporting ring, a second supporting ring and a transmission mechanism, six first mounting bases are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first supporting ring, and six second mounting bases are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second supporting ring; two first driving mechanisms are movably installed on the opposite sides of the first supporting ring and the second supporting ring, and each first driving mechanism comprises a synchronous servo motor. According to the method, a scheme for repairing the damage of the main shaft through online cladding is adopted, an adaptive online cladding welding machine and an outer circular lathe are specially researched, developed and manufactured according to the boundary dimension and site construction conditions of the main shaft, and the cladding welding machine has the advantages of being high in automation degree, easy and convenient to operate, convenient to transport and the like; the outer circular lathe can be used for precisely machining cylindrical parts made of various materials, and can meet the technical requirements of factory building production in shape and size precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of large-scale equipment spindle wear repair, in particular to a large-scale equipment spindle wear repair welding machine and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The main shaft of large-scale equipment is the core rotating component of the mechanical system. It plays the key role of transmitting torque and supporting rotational motion. It is commonly found in machine tools, wind power, metallurgy, chemical industry and other fields. Its characteristics include: high load and precision: it needs to withstand alternating loads, vibration and friction, and the precision directly affects the stability of equipment operation. Special material: medium and high carbon steel or alloy steel is mostly used, and it needs to be tempered, surface hardened and other treatments to improve strength and wear resistance. Difficult to repair: welding is often used to repair after wear, or brush plating, laser cladding and other technologies are used. After repair, it needs to be precisely processed to the designed size. Stress concentration caused by mechanical wear, corrosion fatigue, and installation errors requires regular nondestructive testing (such as ultrasound) and oil analysis to prevent failures.

[0003] Spindle damage of large equipment is a common problem in enterprise equipment management and maintenance, and the number is large and the damage is frequent. There are many reasons for spindle damage, the most common ones are as follows: 1. Insufficient lubrication. The compressive oil film on the surface of the bearing and the shaft will disappear, which will increase the static friction coefficient during operation, causing damage to the bearing and the shaft; 2. Spindle quality problems. This is mainly because the spindle is a forging part, and it has been running under heavy loads, high temperature and high pressure for a long time. Material defects will gradually form surface pitting and peeling. 3. Installation problems. When installing the support wheel, the spindle is damaged due to factors such as failure to install it in accordance with regulations or insufficient maintenance. In general, most shaft wear problems are not easy to detect. Only when the machine is overheated, the vibration amplitude is large, or there is an abnormal noise, which causes equipment failure, can it be discovered during shutdown and maintenance. At this time, the shaft is already seriously damaged. After damage occurs, the traditional repair mode is usually adopted: 1. Overall disassembly and return to the factory for repair by welding machine. Although it has high repair accuracy, its disadvantages are also obvious. Disassembly and transportation is a very difficult and realistic problem. The use of this repair process will affect the normal production of the enterprise due to the repair cycle and repair cost. 2. Replacing new parts is too expensive and online repair is impossible. Based on this, a large-scale equipment spindle wear repair welding machine and its processing method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and to propose a large-scale equipment spindle wear repair welding machine and a processing method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A welding machine for repairing spindle wear of large equipment includes a support ring 1, a support ring 2 and a transmission mechanism. Six mounting seats 1 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the support ring 1, and six mounting seats 2 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the support ring 2. Two active mechanisms 1 are movably installed on the opposite sides of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2. The two active mechanisms 1 both include a synchronous servo motor. The output end of the synchronous servo motor is transmission-connected to a moving screw. The outer side of the moving screw is threadedly connected to a moving seat. A clamping mechanism is installed on the outer sides of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2.

[0006] The transmission mechanism includes a support ring, the outer side of the support ring is fixedly mounted with four sliding seats, the inner sides of the four sliding seats are all slidably sleeved with sliding rods, the inner side of the support ring is sleeved with a support bearing, the inner side of the support bearing is sleeved with a mounting ring, the outer side of one end of the mounting ring is fixedly sleeved with a driven gear ring, the top of the support ring is installed with an active mechanism 2, the other end of the mounting ring is fixedly mounted with a base box, the outer side of the mounting ring away from one end of the driven gear ring is fixedly mounted with two electrically controlled telescopic columns 1, the output ends of the two electrically controlled telescopic columns 1 are fixedly mounted with oxyacetylene flame spray guns, the outer side of the mounting ring away from one end of the driven gear ring is fixedly mounted with a base box, the outer side of the support ring is connected to two air filter mechanisms, a plurality of air vents are provided on the side of the support ring away from the driven gear ring, a synchronous telescopic mechanism is fixedly mounted on the side of the support ring away from the driven gear ring, and an electromagnetic heating ring is installed on the output end of the synchronous telescopic mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, several groups of mounting holes 1 are opened inside the support ring 1, and several groups of mounting holes 2 are opened inside the support ring 2. The mounting holes 1 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the support ring 1, and the mounting holes 2 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the support ring 2. The mounting seats 1 and 2 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outsides of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2, respectively. The two groups of clamping mechanisms each include four clamping screws, and the outsides of the four clamping screws are threadedly connected with threaded seats. The two groups of threaded seats are fixedly installed on the outsides of the mounting seats 1 and 2. The opposite ends of the four clamping screws are fixedly installed with clamping heads, and the two groups of clamping screws are threadedly connected and extend to the inner sides of the support ring 2 and the support ring 1, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the synchronous servo motor is fixedly mounted on the outside of mounting seat one, the movable screw rod is movable through mounting seat one through a bearing and extends to one side of mounting seat two, the movable seat is fixedly mounted on the outside of the support ring, the four sliding seats and the movable seat are evenly distributed in a circle on the outside of the support ring, and the two ends of the sliding rod are respectively fixedly mounted on the opposite sides of mounting seat one and mounting seat two.

[0009] Preferably, the second active mechanism includes a driving servo motor, the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor is connected to the driving gear, the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor is connected to a stabilizing seat through a bearing sleeve, the stabilizing seat is fixedly installed on the top of the support ring, the driving servo motor and the top of the stabilizing seat are fixed by a bracket, and the outer side of the driving gear is meshed and connected to the outer side of the driven gear ring.

[0010] Preferably, the synchronous telescopic mechanism includes an oil cylinder, both sides of the oil cylinder are connected with oil pipes, the other end of the oil pipe is connected with telescopic rod 1, the output end of telescopic rod 1 is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic heating ring, the inner side of the oil cylinder is movably sleeved with a sealing piston, one side of the sealing piston is fixedly installed with electric-controlled telescopic column 2, the fixed part of the electric-controlled telescopic column 2 is fixedly installed with a fixing frame, the end of the fixing frame away from the electric-controlled telescopic column 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support ring, hydraulic oil is provided inside the oil cylinder, the oil pipe and telescopic rod 1, the telescopic rod 1 is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the support ring, and the electromagnetic heating ring and the support ring are concentric circles.

[0011] Preferably, both of the air filter mechanisms include a threaded mounting cylinder, which is connected to the interior of the support ring. The support ring is hollow, and a non-woven filter element cotton is movably inserted into the interior of the threaded mounting cylinder. The internal thread of the threaded mounting cylinder away from the support ring is connected to a threaded fixing seat, and the threaded fixing seat is connected to a threaded connecting head at one end away from the threaded mounting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun is connected to an oxyacetylene multi-channel delivery pipe, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun is guided obliquely to the center of the support ring, the electrically controlled telescopic column 1 and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base material box, and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun is connected to the output end of the electrically controlled telescopic column 1 through an adjustable rotating connection.

[0013] Preferably, a box cover is movably installed on the top of the base material box, and a blanking box is fixedly installed on the bottom of the base material box, and the bottom of the blanking box is arc-shaped, and the specifications and dimensions of the arc are adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the inner side of the mounting ring, and a guide cone is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner cavity of the base material box, and a fixed opening baffle is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the blanking box, and two sliding bars are fixedly installed on the inner side of the blanking box, and a movable opening baffle is slidably installed on the top of the two sliding bars, and the top of the movable opening baffle is in sliding contact with the bottom of the fixed opening baffle, and the top of the fixed opening baffle is fixedly installed with the bottom of the guide cone, and the interior of the fixed opening baffle and the movable opening baffle are both provided with guide holes arranged in a matrix, and the holes of the movable opening baffle are slightly larger than the holes of the fixed opening baffle, and the bottom of the movable opening baffle is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod, and the fixed part of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the interior of the blanking box.

[0014] In the above-mentioned large-scale equipment spindle wear repair processing method, the above-mentioned large-scale equipment spindle wear repair welding machine is applied, including the following steps: S1. Preparation before construction: First, check the power supply, water source, materials and equipment on site to ensure that they meet the construction requirements. Then, equip the construction personnel, check and prepare labor protection equipment, construction machinery and materials, and go to the site to check the site terrain and construction space, confirm the construction method and the entry and exit of spare parts, and then ensure safe construction and enter the site for construction.

[0015] S2. Confirm the procedure: confirm the defective parts and the amount of wear, and perform post-cleaning flaw detection → roughening and purification → preheating → using FGM-KM-BU alloy for layer-by-layer deposition → external cylindrical machine processing → inspection → delivery, confirm the defective parts and the amount of wear, and then clean and inspect. First, clean the surface oil, rust layer, fatigue layer and irregular defects. After the defects are thoroughly cleaned, perform roughening treatment, and use the grinding wheel method to clean the carburized layer and oxide layer of the wound surface to expose the original luster of the metal, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding strength between the fusion zone and the semi-fusion zone of the matrix edge area. After completion, use color flaw detection to ensure that the matrix defects are thoroughly cleaned. Finally, perform purification treatment: eliminate metal debris and residual debris on the parts.

[0016] S3, preheating before cladding, and then by sleeve support ring 1 and support ring 2 and transmission mechanism on the outside of the main shaft of large equipment, and the size of the main shaft fits the inner side of the mounting ring of the specification, and make the mounting ring wear the main shaft of large equipment, then rotate the clamping screw to make the clamping head clamp on the outside of the main shaft, fix the equipment, and then extend the electromagnetic heating ring by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism, and connect the input port of the electric control telescopic column 1 to the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and use the oxyacetylene flame to spray the wear of the main shaft of large equipment through the oxyacetylene flame spray gun as needed. The workpiece is gradually preheated. If the crack is deep, the scar is preheated by an electromagnetic heating ring so that preheating treatment can be carried out according to demand. After preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-BU alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, due to the large size of the workpiece and online repair, the preheating is carried out in a local stage gradient to alleviate heat and stress deformation. During the entire cladding process, the temperature of the cladding part and the surrounding area is strictly controlled to ensure constant temperature welding within the permitted range and to ensure that the bonding strength between the cladding material and the substrate meets the cladding process standards.

[0017] S4. During the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor is started to rotate, thereby rotating the moving screw, pushing the support ring to move through the thread of the moving seat, and then the sliding rod has a sliding limit effect on the sliding seat, thereby prompting the support ring and the mounting ring to move outside the main shaft. Then, the prepared FGM-KM-BU alloy material is placed inside the base material box and cladding is performed layer by layer. Then, the servo motor is driven to rotate to drive the stable seat to rotate and the driving gear to rotate, and then the mounting ring is driven to rotate through the meshing driven gear ring, so that the blanking box and the mounting ring attached to the outside of the main shaft are rotated, and the rotation position outside the main shaft is adjusted. The angle of movement is adjusted, and the electric telescopic rod is opened to pull the movable opening baffle and the fixed opening baffle from misalignment to alignment, thereby promoting the connection of the feeding hole, discharging the material, and then evenly spreading a layer of material. The electric telescopic column extends the active mechanism and rotates to drive the transmission mechanism to retract, prompting the oxyacetylene flame spray gun to move to the cladding location, and flame heating is carried out to clad layer by layer. The process adopts the immersion method to prepare the alloy according to the gradient of the bonding layer and the working layer. During the cladding, it is noted that the alloy (accounting for 43.7%) can be comprehensively incorporated into the base metal (accounting for 56.3%). After preheating, cladding is carried out layer by layer. Two molten layers will be produced during the cladding process.

[0018] ① Bonding layer: KM1# new material is used to dilute the S and P content in the deposited area, eliminating or reducing the occurrence of cold and hot cracks caused by S and P. M1# new material is primarily austenitic. Its main elements are Cr, C, Mn, Mo, and Ni. Different alloys are selected for different workpiece materials to modify the metallographic structure of the original material. The addition of specific elements from FGM-KM-BU can dilute the S and P content in the deposited layer, purify the intergranular structure, and reduce the occurrence of hot and cold cracks. To enhance bonding strength, certain alloying elements can reduce the C and Mn content in the solid solution in the fusion zone, improving the weldability and bonding strength of this area, achieving dimensional recovery and gradual transition strengthening, resulting in a bonding strength of 500N.

[0019] ② Working layer: The new KM3# material is used to improve the material's heat resistance, wear resistance, and load resistance. The new KM3# material is mainly composed of a pearlite multiphase wear-resistant alloy. The main elements are Co, Cr, Ti, Mn, W, Mo, etc., ensuring that the reinforced metal can withstand high stress and abrasive wear, and has excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, fatigue resistance, and wear resistance.

[0020] S5. During the cladding process, the "FGM-KM-BU" three new materials and BU new technology deposition process must be strictly followed. During this process, the threaded connecting head is externally connected to the exhaust pipe, and the airflow forms a passage between the threaded fixing seat and the threaded mounting cylinder, and the airflow of the support ring is extracted. The smoke particles generated during the cladding process pass through the air vents with the air flow and are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder. Then, the smoke particles are adsorbed by the non-woven filter cotton, thereby reducing the impact of the smoke on the operator's vision. After the cladding is completed, asbestos is used for slow cooling to room temperature to avoid deformation, cracks and other defects caused by rapid temperature changes. After the cladding is completed, the alloy powder is dispersed and the welding stress is eliminated by preheating, slow cooling, insulation and hammering.

[0021] S6. After the insulation and cooling is completed, the worn parts are leveled by machining.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine and processing method provided by the present invention are: 1. This solution confirms the defect location and wear amount and performs the following steps: post-cleaning flaw detection → roughening and purification → preheating → using FGM-KM-BU alloy for layer-by-layer deposition → external machining → testing → delivery. The defect location and wear amount are confirmed, and then cleaned and flaw detected. First, the surface oil, rust layer, fatigue layer and irregular defects are cleaned. After the defects are thoroughly cleaned, roughening treatment is performed. The carburized layer and oxide layer on the wound surface are cleaned by grinding with a grinding wheel to expose the original luster of the metal, which is conducive to improving the metallurgical bonding between the fusion zone and the semi-fusion zone of the matrix edge area. After completion, color flaw detection is used to ensure that the matrix defects are thoroughly cleaned. Finally, purification treatment is performed to eliminate metal debris and residual debris on the parts. The overall process is perfect, the processing effect is good, and online processing can shorten the construction period and reduce the use of funds. 2. Preheating before cladding, and then sleeve the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 and the transmission mechanism on the outside of the main shaft of the large equipment. The size of the main shaft fits the inner side of the mounting ring of the specification, and the mounting ring is placed on the worn part of the main shaft of the large equipment. Then, the clamping screw is rotated to clamp the clamping head on the outside of the main shaft to fix the equipment. Then, the electromagnetic heating ring is extended by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism, and the input port of the electric telescopic column 1 is connected to the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator. The worn part of the main shaft of the large equipment is gradually preheated by the oxyacetylene flame through the oxyacetylene flame spray gun as needed. If the crack is deep, the scar is preheated by the electromagnetic heating ring so that preheating treatment can be performed as needed. After preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-BU alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. It can be easily moved on the outside of the main shaft, so that it is suitable for active cladding operations at different positions. 3. During the cladding process of this solution, the "FGM-KM-BU" three new materials and BU new technology deposition process must be strictly followed. During this process, the threaded connecting head is externally connected to the exhaust pipe, and the airflow forms a passage between the threaded fixing seat and the threaded mounting cylinder, and the airflow of the support ring is extracted. The smoke particles generated during the cladding process pass through the air vents with the airflow and are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder. Then, the smoke particles are adsorbed by the non-woven filter cotton, thereby reducing the impact of the smoke on the workers' vision. After the cladding is completed, asbestos is used for slow cooling to room temperature to avoid deformation, cracks and other defects caused by rapid temperature changes. After the cladding is completed, preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering are used to disperse the alloy powder and eliminate welding stress, thereby ensuring the overall vision of the workers and indirectly ensuring the construction safety of the working environment. To sum up, the present invention adopts online cladding to repair the spindle damage. According to the external dimensions of the spindle and the on-site construction conditions, an adaptive online cladding welding machine and an external circular lathe have been specially developed and manufactured. The cladding welding machine has the characteristics of high degree of automation, simple operation and easy transportation. The external circular lathe can perform precision machining on cylindrical parts of various materials, and can meet the factory production technical requirements in terms of shape and size accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear-view and upward-view three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention from the right side; Figure 5 It is a rear cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A; Figure 7 This invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 8 This invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle; Figure 9 This invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle; Figure 10 This invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at E in the middle.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Support ring 1; 101. Mounting hole 1; 102. Mounting seat 1; 2. Clamping mechanism; 201. Clamping screw; 202. Threaded seat; 203. Clamping head; 3. Active mechanism 1; 301. Synchronous servo motor; 302. Moving screw; 303. Moving seat; 4. Support ring 2; 401. Mounting hole 2; 402. Mounting seat 2; 5. Transmission mechanism; 501. Support ring; 502. Sliding seat; 503. Sliding rod; 504. Driven gear ring; 505. Mounting ring; 506. Support bearing; 507. Breathing hole; 6. Air filter mechanism; 601. Threaded mounting cylinder; 602. Threaded connecting head; 603. Threaded fixing seat; 604. Non-woven filter cotton; 7. Synchronous telescopic mechanism; 701. Telescopic rod 1; 702. Oil cylinder; 703. Oil pipeline; 704. Electric telescopic column 2; 705. Sealing piston; 706. Fixed bracket; 8. Electromagnetic heating ring; 9. Active mechanism 2; 901. Driving servo motor; 902. Stabilizing seat; 903. Driving gear; 10. Oxyacetylene flame spray gun; 1001. Oxyacetylene multi-channel delivery pipe; 11. Electric telescopic column 1; 12. Base material box; 1201. Box cover; 1202. Unloading and coating box; 1203. Guide cone; 1204. Fixed opening baffle; 1205. Movable opening baffle; 1206. Electric telescopic rod; 1207. Slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-10 A large-scale equipment spindle wear repair welding machine includes a support ring 1, a support ring 2 4 and a transmission mechanism 5. Six mounting seats 102 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the support ring 1, and six mounting seats 2 402 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the support ring 2 4. Two active mechanisms 3 are movably installed on the opposite sides of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 4. The two active mechanisms 3 both include a synchronous servo motor 301. The output end of the synchronous servo motor 301 is transmission-connected with a moving screw 302. The outer side of the moving screw 302 is threadedly connected with a moving seat 303. A clamping mechanism 2 is installed on the outer sides of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 4.

[0028] The transmission mechanism 5 includes a support ring 501, four sliding seats 502 are fixedly installed on the outside of the support ring 501, and the inner sides of the four sliding seats 502 are all slidably sleeved with slide rods 503. The inner side of the support ring 501 is sleeved with a support bearing 506, and the inner side of the support bearing 506 is sleeved with a mounting ring 505. The outer side of one end of the mounting ring 505 is fixedly sleeved with a driven gear ring 504. The top of the support ring 501 is installed with an active mechanism 29, and the other end of the mounting ring 505 is fixedly installed with a base material box 12. The mounting ring 505 is away from one end of the driven gear ring 504. Two electrically controlled telescopic columns 11 are fixedly installed on the outside, and the output ends of the two electrically controlled telescopic columns 11 are fixedly installed with oxyacetylene flame spray guns 10. A base material box 12 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting ring 505 away from the driven gear ring 504. The outside of the support ring 501 is connected to two air filter mechanisms 6. A plurality of air holes 507 are provided on the side of the support ring 501 away from the driven gear ring 504. A synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the support ring 501 away from the driven gear ring 504, and an electromagnetic heating ring 8 is installed on the output end of the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, the FGM-KM-BU alloy material is a dispersion-strengthened composite metal gradient functional material, which is a special alloy series. This alloy material series is fusible and easy to fuse with the substrate, and has comprehensive physical properties such as wear resistance, impact resistance, heat-dissipating stress resistance, and corrosion resistance. The alloy layer formed after the alloy material is fused on the surface of the substrate has a crystal phase structure mainly composed of pearlite, martensite, austenite and bidirectional wear-resistant alloy. When the deposited alloy material is converted from solid to liquid and then to solid, the oxide on the surface of the substrate metal is deoxidized and a low The borosilicate slag with a low melting point floats out to form a protective film, so that the molten alloy and the solid substrate metal being processed are metallurgically bonded; preheating before cladding, by sleeve-mounting the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 4 and the transmission mechanism 5 on the outside of the main shaft of the large equipment, and the size of the main shaft fits the inside of the mounting ring 505 of this specification, and the mounting ring 505 is made to fit the wear part of the main shaft of the large equipment, and then the clamping screw 201 is rotated to cause the clamping head 203 to clamp on the outside of the main shaft to fix the equipment, and then the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is extended by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7, and the The input port of the electric telescopic column 11 is connected to the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and the oxyacetylene flame is used to gradually preheat the worn part of the main shaft of the large equipment through the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 as needed. If the crack is deep, the scar is preheated by the electromagnetic heating ring 8 so that preheating treatment can be performed according to needs. After preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-BU alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, due to the large size of the workpiece and online repair, the preheating is carried out in a local stage gradient to slow down the process. To prevent heat and stress deformation, the cladding area and surrounding temperature are strictly controlled throughout the cladding process to ensure constant temperature welding within the permitted range and to ensure that the bonding strength between the cladding material and the substrate meets the cladding process standards. During the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor 301 is started to rotate, thereby rotating the moving screw 302, pushing the support ring 501 to move through the thread of the moving seat 303, and then the sliding rod 503 acts as a sliding limiter on the sliding seat 502, thereby prompting the support ring 501 and the mounting ring 505 to move outside the main shaft. Then, the FGM-KM-B.After the U alloy material is prepared, it is placed in the base material box 12 and welded layer by layer. Then, the servo motor 901 is driven to rotate, drive the stable seat 902 to rotate, drive the driving gear 903 to rotate, and then drive the mounting ring 505 to rotate through the meshing driven gear ring 504, so that the blanking box 1202 and the mounting ring 505 attached to the outside of the main shaft are rotated, the angle of rotation on the outside of the main shaft is adjusted, and the electric telescopic rod 1206 is opened to pull the movable opening baffle 1205 and the fixed opening baffle 1204 from misalignment to alignment, thereby promoting the connection of the blanking hole for discharge, and then evenly spreading a layer of material, the electric telescopic column 11 extends the active mechanism 3 to rotate and drive the transmission mechanism 5 to retract, prompting the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 to move to the cladding location, and flame heating is carried out to clad layer by layer. In this process, the alloy is prepared by the immersion method according to the gradient of the bonding layer and the working layer. During the welding, attention should be paid to ensure that the alloy accounts for 43.7% and can be comprehensively incorporated into the base metal accounting for 5. 6.3%. After preheating, layer-by-layer deposition is performed. Two molten layers are produced during the deposition process. The cladding process must strictly adhere to the "FGM-KM-BU" three-new material and BU new technology deposition process. During this process, the threaded connector 602 is connected to an external exhaust pipe, creating a flow path between the threaded fixing seat 603 and the threaded mounting barrel 601, extracting air from the support ring 501. Smoke particles generated during the cladding process flow through the air vents 507 and are directed into the interior of the threaded mounting barrel 601. These smoke particles are then absorbed by the non-woven filter 604, minimizing the impact on the operator's vision. After cladding, the material is slowly cooled to room temperature using asbestos to prevent deformation, cracks, and other defects caused by rapid temperature changes. After cladding, preheating, slow cooling, insulation, and hammering are used to disperse and eliminate welding stress from the alloy powder. After the insulation and cooling process, the worn areas are machined and leveled.

[0030] Among them, several groups of mounting holes 101 are opened inside the support ring 1, and several groups of mounting holes 2 401 are opened inside the support ring 2 4. The mounting holes 101 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the support ring 1, and the mounting holes 2 401 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the support ring 2 4. The mounting seats 102 and 402 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outside of the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 4 respectively. The two groups of clamping mechanisms 2 each include four clamping screws 201, and the outer sides of the four clamping screws 201 are threadedly connected with threaded seats 202. The two groups of threaded seats 202 are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the mounting seats 102 and the mounting seats 2 402. The opposite ends of the four clamping screws 201 are fixedly installed with clamping heads 203. The two groups of clamping screws 201 are threadedly connected and extend to the inner sides of the support ring 2 4 and the support ring 1 respectively.

[0031] In this embodiment, support ring 1 and support ring 2 4 provide installation and fixation for the two ends of the main structure, and provide installation and limited fixation for the main structure through mounting seat 2 402 and mounting seat 1 102. When the clamping mechanism 2 is in use, it rotates the threaded connection force between the clamping screw 201 and the threaded seat 202, and plays a cooperating and stabilizing role through the side ring threads of support ring 1 1 and support ring 2 4. After rotation, the clamping head 203 is pressed against the outside of the main shaft, thereby playing a relatively stable fixing force, facilitating cooperation with subsequent processing operations, and increasing the relative stability of the overall structure.

[0032] Among them, the synchronous servo motor 301 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting seat 102, the moving screw 302 passes through the mounting seat 102 through the bearing and extends to one side of the mounting seat 2 402, the moving seat 303 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support ring 501, and the four sliding seats 502 and the moving seat 303 are evenly distributed in a circle on the outside of the support ring 501. The two ends of the sliding rod 503 are respectively fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the mounting seat 102 and the mounting seat 2 402.

[0033] In this embodiment, the synchronous servo motor 301 drives the moving screw 302 to rotate when it rotates. The synchronous servo motor 301 is a synchronously controlled servo motor, and the moving screw 302 is a high-precision screw of the same level and the error accuracy is within the allowable range. Therefore, after the synchronously controlled synchronous servo motor 301 rotates, it pushes the moving seat 303 through the threaded connection, and then the moving seat 303 maintains a relatively stable structural effect through the sliding limit of the sliding rod 503 and the sliding seat 502, thereby increasing the relative stability of the overall structure.

[0034] Among them, the active mechanism 2 9 includes a driving servo motor 901, the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901 is connected to the driving gear 903, the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901 is connected to the stable seat 902 through a bearing sleeve, the stable seat 902 is fixedly installed on the top of the support ring 501, the driving servo motor 901 and the top of the stable seat 902 are fixed by a bracket, and the outer side of the driving gear 903 is meshed and connected to the outer side of the driven gear ring 504.

[0035] In this embodiment, the driving servo motor 901 drives the driving gear 903 to rotate after rotation, and drives the driven gear ring 504 to rotate through the driving gear 903, and then drives the mounting ring 505 to rotate through the driven gear ring 504, and the mounting ring 505 maintains a relatively stable position under the rolling support of the support bearing 506, and the stabilizing seat 902 provides a stable fixed supporting force to the driving servo motor 901 through the bracket, and the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901 maintains a relatively stable supporting force on the inner side of the stabilizing seat 902 through the bearing.

[0036] Among them, the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 includes an oil cylinder 702, and both sides of the oil cylinder 702 are connected with an oil pipe 703, and the other end of the oil pipe 703 is connected with a telescopic rod 1 701. The output end of the telescopic rod 1 701 is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic heating ring 8. A sealing piston 705 is movably sleeved on the inner side of the oil cylinder 702, and an electric-controlled telescopic column 2 704 is fixedly installed on one side of the sealing piston 705. The fixed part of the electric-controlled telescopic column 2 704 is fixedly installed with a fixing frame 706, and the end of the fixing frame 706 away from the electric-controlled telescopic column 2 704 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support ring 501. Hydraulic oil is provided inside the oil cylinder 702, the oil pipe 703 and the telescopic rod 1 701. The telescopic rod 1 701 is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the support ring 501 in a circular shape, and the electromagnetic heating ring 8 and the support ring 501 are concentric circles.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 is extended, the electrically controlled telescopic column 2 704 is extended to drive the sealing piston 705 to push inside the oil cylinder 702, and the oil inside the oil cylinder 702 is discharged through the oil pipe 703 and pushed into the telescopic rod 1 701, thereby prompting the telescopic rod 1 701 to be pushed out synchronously and the electromagnetic heating ring 8 to be moved, thereby ensuring the moving position and synchronous moving distance of the electromagnetic heating ring 8, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the electromagnetic heating ring 8 for preheating and heating.

[0038] Among them, the two air filter mechanisms 6 both include a threaded mounting cylinder 601, which is connected to the interior of the support ring 501. The support ring 501 is hollow, and a non-woven filter element cotton 604 is movably inserted into the interior of the threaded mounting cylinder 601. The internal thread of the threaded mounting cylinder 601 away from the support ring 501 is connected to a threaded fixing seat 603, and the end of the threaded fixing seat 603 away from the threaded mounting cylinder 601 is connected to a threaded connecting head 602.

[0039] In this embodiment, during operation, the threaded connecting head 602 is externally connected to the exhaust pipe, and the air flow forms a passage between the threaded fixing seat 603 and the threaded mounting cylinder 601, and the air flow of the support ring 501 is extracted. The smoke particles generated during the surfacing process pass through the air vents 507 with the air flow, and are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder 601, and then the smoke particles are adsorbed by the non-woven filter cotton 604, thereby reducing the impact of the smoke on the operator's vision and ensuring that the impact on the working environment is reduced.

[0040] Among them, the input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is connected to the oxyacetylene multi-channel delivery pipe 1001, and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is guided to the center of the support ring 501 in an inclined shape. The electric telescopic column 11 and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base material box 12. The oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is connected to the output end of the electric telescopic column 11 through an adjustable rotation connection.

[0041] In this embodiment, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is an oxyacetylene spray gun and is rotatably mounted at the output end of an electrically controlled telescopic column 11, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position by cooperating with the electrically controlled telescopic column 11 and adjusting the tilt position by rotation, so as to facilitate directing the flame at the cladding position, thereby ensuring relative stability during operation. The oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 and the oxyacetylene multi-channel delivery pipe 1001 are oxygen and acetylene delivery pipelines and spray guns in the prior art, which are convenient for connecting and guiding with oxygen cylinders and acetylene generators and performing flame spraying, thereby cooperating with the cladding operation.

[0042] Among them, the top of the base material box 12 is movably installed with a box cover 1201, the bottom of the base material box 12 is fixedly installed with a blanking box 1202, the bottom of the blanking box 1202 is arc-shaped, and the specifications and dimensions of the arc are adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the inner side of the mounting ring 505, the bottom of the inner cavity of the base material box 12 is fixedly installed with a guide cone 1203, the top of the inner cavity of the blanking box 1202 is fixedly installed with a fixed opening baffle 1204, and two slide bars 1207 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the blanking box 1202, and the top of the two slide bars 1207 is slidably installed with a movable opening baffle 120 5. The top of the movable aperture baffle 1205 is in sliding contact with the bottom of the fixed aperture baffle 1204, and the top of the fixed aperture baffle 1204 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the guide cone 1203. The interiors of the fixed aperture baffle 1204 and the movable aperture baffle 1205 are provided with matrix-arranged guide holes, and the holes of the movable aperture baffle 1205 are slightly larger than the holes of the fixed aperture baffle 1204. An electric telescopic rod 1206 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable aperture baffle 1205, and the fixed part of the electric telescopic rod 1206 is fixedly installed inside the blanking box 1202.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the base material box 12 is in operation, the box cover 1201 is opened to knead the cladding alloy powder into the interior of the base material box 12, and the electric telescopic rod 1206 retracts when unloading, driving the movable opening baffle 1205 to slide under the clamping of the slide bar 1207 and the fixed opening baffle 1204, and the fixed opening baffle 1204 and the movable opening baffle 1205 are in a staggered blocking state at the initial position. After the electric telescopic rod 1206 drives the movable opening baffle 1205 to move, the unloading hole of the fixed opening baffle 1204 corresponds to the unloading hole of the movable opening baffle 1205, thereby prompting the cladding powder to be sprinkled, and cooperating with the movement of the active mechanism 3 and the transmission mechanism 5, the powder is prompted to be evenly sprinkled on the outside of the main shaft in a layer, and is clad and sprayed layer by layer, which is convenient for use with the automated control mechanism.

[0044] A method for repairing the wear of a main shaft of a large-scale equipment is disclosed. The method is used for suppressing residual stress of steel structural parts in a nuclear reactor and uses a large-scale equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine, including the following steps: S1. Preparation before construction: First, check the power supply, water source, materials and equipment on site to ensure that they meet the construction requirements. Then, equip the construction personnel, check and prepare labor protection equipment, construction machinery and materials, and go to the site to check the site terrain and construction space, confirm the construction method and the entry and exit of spare parts, and then ensure safe construction and enter the site for construction.

[0045] S2. Confirm the procedure: confirm the defective parts and the amount of wear, and perform post-cleaning flaw detection → roughening and purification → preheating → using FGM-KM-BU alloy for layer-by-layer deposition → external cylindrical machine processing → inspection → delivery, confirm the defective parts and the amount of wear, and then clean and inspect. First, clean the surface oil, rust layer, fatigue layer and irregular defects. After the defects are thoroughly cleaned, perform roughening treatment, and use the grinding wheel method to clean the carburized layer and oxide layer of the wound surface to expose the original luster of the metal, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding strength between the fusion zone and the semi-fusion zone of the matrix edge area. After completion, use color flaw detection to ensure that the matrix defects are thoroughly cleaned. Finally, perform purification treatment: eliminate metal debris and residual debris on the parts.

[0046] S3, preheating before cladding, and then by sleeve-mounting the support ring 1 and the support ring 2 4 and the transmission mechanism 5 on the outside of the main shaft of the large equipment, and the size of the main shaft fits the inner side of the mounting ring 505 of the specification, and make the mounting ring 505 on the wear part of the main shaft of the large equipment, then rotate the clamping screw 201 to make the clamping head 203 clamp on the outside of the main shaft to fix the equipment, and then start the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 to extend the electromagnetic heating ring 8, and connect the input port of the electric control telescopic column 11 to the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and use the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 to spray the oxygen and acetylene as needed. The flame is used to gradually preheat the worn part of the main shaft of large equipment. If the crack is deep, the scar is preheated by the electromagnetic heating ring 8 so that preheating treatment can be carried out according to demand. After preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-BU alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, due to the large size of the workpiece and online repair, the preheating is carried out in a local stage gradient to alleviate heat and stress deformation. During the entire cladding process, the temperature of the cladding part and the surrounding area is strictly controlled to ensure constant temperature welding within the permitted range and to ensure that the bonding strength between the cladding material and the substrate meets the cladding process standards.

[0047] S4. During the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor 301 is started to rotate, thereby rotating the moving screw 302, pushing the support ring 501 to move through the thread of the moving seat 303, and then the sliding rod 503 has a sliding limit effect on the sliding seat 502, thereby prompting the support ring 501 and the mounting ring 505 to move outside the main shaft, and then the prepared FGM-KM-BU alloy material is put into the base material box 12 and cladding operation is carried out layer by layer, and then the servo motor 901 is driven to rotate to drive the stable seat 902 to rotate and drive the driving gear 903 to rotate, and then drive the mounting ring 505 to rotate through the meshing driven gear ring 504, so that the blanking and coating box 1202 and the mounting ring 505 attached to the outside of the main shaft are fixed. The ring 505 rotates to adjust the rotation angle on the outside of the main shaft, and the electric telescopic rod 1206 is opened to pull the movable opening baffle 1205 and the fixed opening baffle 1204 from misalignment to alignment, thereby promoting the connection of the discharge hole for discharge, and then evenly spreading a layer of material, the electric telescopic column 11 extends the active mechanism 3 to rotate and drive the transmission mechanism 5 to retract, prompting the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 to move to the cladding location, and flame heating is carried out to clad layer by layer. In this process, the alloy is prepared by the immersion method according to the gradient of the bonding layer and the working layer. During the cladding, it is important to ensure that 43.7% of the alloy can be comprehensively incorporated into the base metal accounting for 56.3%. After preheating, cladding is carried out layer by layer, and two molten layers will be produced during the cladding process.

[0048] ① Bonding layer: KM1# new material is used to dilute the S and P content in the deposited area, eliminating or reducing the occurrence of cold and hot cracks caused by S and P. M1# new material is primarily austenitic. Its main elements are Cr, C, Mn, Mo, and Ni. Different alloys are selected for different workpiece materials to modify the metallographic structure of the original material. The addition of specific elements from FGM-KM-BU can dilute the S and P content in the deposited layer, purify the intergranular structure, and reduce the occurrence of hot and cold cracks. To enhance bonding strength, certain alloying elements can reduce the C and Mn content in the solid solution in the fusion zone, improving the weldability and bonding strength of this area, achieving dimensional recovery and gradual transition strengthening, resulting in a bonding strength of 500N.

[0049] ② Working layer: The new KM3# material is used to improve the material's heat resistance, wear resistance, and load resistance. The new KM3# material is mainly composed of a pearlite multiphase wear-resistant alloy. The main elements are Co, Cr, Ti, Mn, W, Mo, etc., ensuring that the reinforced metal can withstand high stress and abrasive wear, and has excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, fatigue resistance, and wear resistance.

[0050] S5. During the cladding process, the "FGM-KM-BU" three new materials and BU new technology deposition process must be strictly followed. During this process, the threaded connecting head 602 is externally connected to the exhaust pipe, and the air flow forms a passage between the threaded fixing seat 603 and the threaded mounting cylinder 601, and the air flow of the support ring 501 is extracted. The smoke particles generated during the cladding process pass through the air vents 507 with the air flow and are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder 601. Then, the smoke particles are adsorbed by the non-woven filter cotton 604, thereby reducing the impact of the smoke on the operator's vision. After the cladding is completed, asbestos is used for slow cooling to room temperature to avoid deformation, cracks and other defects caused by rapid temperature changes. After the cladding is completed, the alloy powder is dispersed and the welding stress is eliminated by preheating, slow cooling, insulation and hammering.

[0051] S6. After the insulation and cooling is completed, the worn parts are leveled by machining.

[0052] It is further explained that the above-mentioned fixed connection should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, it can be welding, gluing, or one-piece molding, etc., which are common means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine, comprising a support ring 1 (1), a support ring 2 (4) and a transmission mechanism (5), characterized in that: Six mounting seats 1 (102) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the support ring 1 (1), and six mounting seats 2 (402) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the support ring 2 (4). Two active mechanisms 1 (3) are movably mounted on the opposite sides of the support ring 1 (1) and the support ring 2 (4). Both active mechanisms 1 (3) include a synchronous servo motor (301), an output end of the synchronous servo motor (301) is transmission-connected to a moving screw (302), and the outer side of the moving screw (302) is threadedly connected to a moving seat (303). A clamping mechanism (2) is mounted on the outer side of each of the support rings 1 (1) and 2 (4). The transmission mechanism (5) comprises a support ring (501), four sliding seats (502) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the support ring (501), a slide rod (503) is slidably sleeved on the inner side of each of the four sliding seats (502), a support bearing (506) is sleeved on the inner side of the support ring (501), a mounting ring (505) is sleeved on the inner side of the support bearing (506), a driven gear ring (504) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of one end of the mounting ring (505), an active mechanism 2 (9) is mounted on the top of the support ring (501), a base material box (12) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the mounting ring (505), and the mounting ring (505) is away from the driven gear ring (5 04) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one end of the two electrically controlled telescopic columns (11), and the output ends of the two electrically controlled telescopic columns (11) are fixedly mounted with oxygen-acetylene flame spray guns (10), and the outer side of the mounting ring (505) away from the driven gear ring (504) is fixedly mounted with a base material box (12), and the outer side of the support ring (501) is connected to two air filter mechanisms (6), and a plurality of air holes (507) are provided on the side of the support ring (501) away from the driven gear ring (504), and a synchronous telescopic mechanism (7) is fixedly mounted on the side of the support ring (501) away from the driven gear ring (504), and an electromagnetic heating ring (8) is mounted on the output end of the synchronous telescopic mechanism (7).

2. A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring 1 (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes 1 (101) inside, and the support ring 2 (4) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes 2 (401) inside. The mounting holes 1 (101) are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner inside the support ring 1 (1), and the mounting holes 2 (401) are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner inside the support ring 2 (4). The mounting seats 1 (102) and the mounting seats 2 (402) are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner on the outside of the support ring 1 (1) and the support ring 2 (4), respectively. The two groups of mounting holes 1 (101) and the mounting holes 2 (401) are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner on the outside of the support ring 1 (1) and the support ring 2 (4). The clamping mechanism (2) comprises four clamping screws (201), the outer sides of the four clamping screws (201) are all threadedly connected to threaded seats (202), and two groups of threaded seats (202) are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer sides of mounting seat 1 (102) and mounting seat 2 (402), and the opposite ends of the four clamping screws (201) are all fixedly mounted with clamping heads (203), and the two groups of clamping screws (201) are threadedly connected and extend to the inner sides of support ring 2 (4) and support ring 1 (1).

3. The large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous servo motor (301) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first mounting seat (102), the movable screw (302) is movably passed through the first mounting seat (102) through the bearing and movably extends to one side of the second mounting seat (402), the movable seat (303) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the support ring (501), the four sliding seats (502) and the movable seat (303) are evenly distributed in a circular pattern on the outside of the support ring (501), and the two ends of the sliding rod (503) are respectively fixedly mounted on the opposite sides of the first mounting seat (102) and the second mounting seat (402).

4. A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second active mechanism (9) includes a driving servo motor (901), the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor (901) is connected to a driving gear (903), the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor (901) is connected to a stabilizing seat (902) via a bearing sleeve, the stabilizing seat (902) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support ring (501), the driving servo motor (901) and the top of the stabilizing seat (902) are fixed by a bracket, and the outer side of the driving gear (903) is meshed with the outer side of the driven gear ring (504) for transmission connection.

5. The large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous telescopic mechanism (7) includes an oil cylinder (702), both sides of the oil cylinder (702) are connected to oil pipes (703), the other end of the oil pipe (703) is connected to a telescopic rod (701), the output end of the telescopic rod (701) is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic heating ring (8), the inner side of the oil cylinder (702) is movably sleeved with a sealing piston (705), and one side of the sealing piston (705) is fixedly installed with an electric control telescopic column (704). A fixing frame (706) is fixedly mounted on the fixing portion of the second electrically controlled telescopic column (704), and one end of the fixing frame (706) away from the second electrically controlled telescopic column (704) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support ring (501). Hydraulic oil is provided inside the oil cylinder (702), the oil delivery pipe (703) and the first telescopic rod (701). The first telescopic rod (701) is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the support ring (501) in a circular manner, and the electromagnetic heating ring (8) and the support ring (501) are concentric circles.

6. The large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two air filter mechanisms (6) each comprise a threaded mounting cylinder (601), the threaded mounting cylinder (601) being connected to the interior of a support ring (501), the support ring (501) being hollow, a non-woven filter core cotton (604) being movably inserted into the interior of the threaded mounting cylinder (601), an internal thread of the threaded mounting cylinder (601) at one end away from the support ring (501) being connected to a threaded fixing seat (603), and an end of the threaded fixing seat (603) away from the threaded mounting cylinder (601) being connected to a threaded connecting head (602).

7. The large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is connected to the oxyacetylene multi-channel delivery pipe (1001), and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is guided to the center of the support ring (501) in an inclined shape. The electric-controlled telescopic column (11) and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base material box (12), and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is connected to the output end of the electric-controlled telescopic column (11) through an adjustable rotation connection.

8. The large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the base material box (12) is movably mounted with a box cover (1201), the bottom of the base material box (12) is fixedly mounted with a blanking box (1202), the bottom of the blanking box (1202) is arc-shaped, and the specifications and dimensions of the arc are adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the inner side of the mounting ring (505), the bottom of the inner cavity of the base material box (12) is fixedly mounted with a guide cone (1203), the top of the inner cavity of the blanking box (1202) is fixedly mounted with a fixed hole baffle (1204), the inner side of the blanking box (1202) is fixedly mounted with two slide bars (1207), the tops of the two slide bars (1207) are slidably mounted with movable hole baffles (12 05), the top of the movable opening baffle (1205) is in sliding contact with the bottom of the fixed opening baffle (1204), the top of the fixed opening baffle (1204) is fixedly installed with the bottom of the guide cone (1203), the interiors of the fixed opening baffle (1204) and the movable opening baffle (1205) are provided with matrix-arranged guide holes, and the holes of the movable opening baffle (1205) are slightly larger than the holes of the fixed opening baffle (1204), and the bottom of the movable opening baffle (1205) is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod (1206), and the fixed part of the electric telescopic rod (1206) is fixedly installed inside the blanking box (1202).

9. A method for repairing the wear of a main shaft of a large-scale equipment, characterized by: A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-construction preparation: First, check the power supply, water source, materials and equipment at the construction site to ensure that they meet the construction requirements and ensure safe construction before entering the construction site; S2. Confirm the procedure: confirm the defect location and amount of wear, and perform post-cleaning flaw detection → roughening and purification → preheating → using FGM-KM-BU alloy for layer-by-layer deposition → external cylindrical machining → inspection → delivery. Confirm the defect location and amount of wear, clean the surface oil, rust layer, fatigue layer and irregular defects, and perform roughening after cleaning. Clean the carburized layer and oxide layer of the wound surface with a grinding wheel. After completion, use color flaw detection to ensure that the matrix defects are thoroughly cleaned. Finally, perform purification: remove metal debris and residual debris on the parts; S3, preheating before cladding, and then by sleeve-fitting the device on the outside of the main shaft of the large equipment, and making the mounting ring (505) located at the worn part of the main shaft, the device is fixed by the clamping screw (201) and the clamping head (203), and the worn part of the main shaft is gradually preheated by using the oxyacetylene flame through the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) as needed, and after preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-BU alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, due to the large size of the workpiece, the preheating is carried out in a local stage gradient to alleviate the heat and stress deformation, and ensure that the bonding strength between the cladding material and the substrate meets the cladding process standard; S4. During the cladding process, the support ring (501) and the mounting ring (505) are moved outside the main shaft, and then the prepared FGM-KM-BU alloy material is placed inside the base material box (12) and cladding is performed layer by layer, and the discharge hole of the discharge box (1202) is connected to discharge the material. After a layer of material is evenly spread, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is flame-heated and clad layer by layer. In this process, the alloy is prepared by the immersion method according to the gradient of the bonding layer and the working layer, and is clad layer by layer after preheating. Two molten layers are generated during the cladding process: the bonding layer and the working layer. S5. During the cladding process, the "FGM-KM-BU" three new materials and BU new technology deposition process must be strictly followed. During this process, the threaded connecting head (602) is externally connected to the exhaust pipe, and the air flow forms a passage, which guides the smoke particles generated during the cladding process to the non-woven filter cotton (604) along with the air flow to absorb the smoke particles. After the cladding is completed, it is slowly cooled to room temperature. After the cladding is completed, the alloy powder is dispersed and the welding stress is eliminated by preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering. S6. After the insulation and cooling is completed, the worn parts are leveled by machining.

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