Integrated thermal management system and crane
By integrating a thermal management system, the circulation of refrigerant and coolant on and off the new energy crane is achieved, solving the problems of slow startup and high energy consumption of new energy cranes under low temperature conditions, reducing system costs and improving energy utilization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510877277.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
New energy cranes have problems with slow start-up, low energy utilization and high consumption under low temperature conditions. This is mainly because the air-conditioning system and electric drive cooling system are expensive, independent and cannot effectively recover waste heat, which affects the battery discharge performance.
An integrated thermal management system is adopted. By coupling the control room air-conditioning system and combining it with the electric drive cooling system, a heating and cooling system for getting on and off the vehicle is realized, and the circulation of refrigerant and coolant on and off the vehicle is realized. The waste heat is recovered and utilized by connecting the electric drive cooling unit with the battery thermal management circulation loop.
It effectively reduces system costs, reduces energy consumption, improves energy utilization, and solves the problems of slow start-up and high energy consumption of new energy cranes under low temperature conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN120663712A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated thermal management system and a crane, belonging to the technical field of crane equipment. Background Art
[0002] Of all the accessories on cranes, especially new energy cranes, the air conditioning system consumes the most power. Currently, new energy cranes typically use PTC heaters for low-temperature heating, which significantly impacts the crane's endurance. New energy cranes have an upper control room and an lower driver's cab. Most OEMs use two air conditioning systems to meet the cooling and heating needs of these two compartments, which is costly.
[0003] The electric drive system for new energy cranes consists of two parts: the lowering electric drive system responsible for dismounting and the loading electric drive system responsible for loading and unloading. Currently, most OEMs use two independent electric drive cooling systems to meet the cooling needs of loading and unloading. This not only leads to high costs for the electric drive cooling system, but also prevents the effective recovery of waste heat from the electric drive, resulting in wasted heat.
[0004] Furthermore, the discharge performance of batteries in new energy cranes is significantly affected by the environment, and in low-temperature environments, discharge may even become impossible. Currently, the operating machinery industry generally uses independent battery thermal management units to meet the battery's cooling and heating needs. This prevents waste heat from other subsystems from being used to heat or insulate the battery. Consequently, existing new energy cranes suffer from slow startup, low energy utilization, and high energy consumption in low-temperature conditions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated thermal management system and a crane. The integrated thermal management system of the present invention can couple the air conditioning systems of the control room and the cab, flexibly switch the electric drive cooling system for getting on and off the vehicle according to the working conditions, and reasonably recover the waste heat from the heat dissipation to heat the battery thermal management system. This can effectively reduce system costs and reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system, thereby solving the problem of high-integration management of the existing crane air conditioning and three-electric thermal management system.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated thermal management system, comprising: Electric drive cooling unit, battery thermal management loop, heating cycle unit and refrigeration cycle unit; The electric drive heat dissipation unit includes an upper electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit located in the operating room and an lower electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit located near the cab, and the two are connected through the central rotating body; the electric drive heat dissipation unit is connected to the battery thermal management circulation circuit; The heating circulation unit includes a cab heating circulation loop and a control room heating circulation loop, and the two are connected via a proportional valve; The refrigeration cycle units are respectively arranged in the cab and the operating room, and are connected to the battery thermal management cycle loop; When the crane needs to dissipate heat, the circulation of refrigerant and coolant on and off the vehicle is achieved through the connection between the electric drive cooling unit and the battery thermal management circulation loop. When the crane needs heating or cooling, the heating circulation unit or the cooling circulation unit is used to heat or cool the cab and the control room synchronously.
[0007] Optionally, the electric drive cooling unit is composed of a radiator, an electric control component of the upper motor, an electric control component of the lower motor, a first three-way reversing valve, a second three-way reversing valve, a third electronic water pump and a five-way reversing valve; The upper vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump, the upper vehicle motor electronic control component, the first three-way reversing valve, the five-way reversing valve, the radiator, and the second three-way reversing valve, and returns to the third electronic water pump through the second three-way reversing valve; The dismounting electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump, the dismounting motor electronic control component, the first three-way reversing valve, the five-way reversing valve, the radiator and the second three-way reversing valve, and returns to the third electronic water pump through the second three-way reversing valve.
[0008] Optionally, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the second interface of the five-way reversing valve, the second interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the electronic control component of the motor for getting off the vehicle, and the third interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the electronic control component of the motor for getting on the vehicle; The third port of the five-way reversing valve and the fourth port of the five-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the battery thermal management circulation loop; The first interface of the five-way reversing valve, the second interface of the five-way reversing valve, the third interface of the five-way reversing valve, the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve, and the fifth interface of the five-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the radiator inlet, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve, the battery thermal management cycle inlet, the battery thermal management cycle outlet, and the second interface of the second three-way reversing valve.
[0009] Optionally, the electronic control component of the motor for getting off the vehicle and the electronic control component of the motor for getting on the vehicle are connected between the third electronic water pump and the first three-way reversing valve via a heat dissipation channel passing through the central rotating body.
[0010] Optionally, the battery thermal management loop is composed of a second electronic water pump, a second heater, a heat exchanger and a battery pack connected in sequence; The inlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the third interface of the five-way reversing valve, and the outlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the inlet of the second heater; The second heater outlet is connected to the heat exchanger inlet, and the heat exchanger outlet is connected to the battery pack inlet; The outlet of the battery pack is connected to the electric drive heat dissipation unit through the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve.
[0011] Optionally, the heating circulation unit is composed of a first electronic water pump, a first heater, a proportional valve, a first warm air core and a second warm air core; The cab heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to the first electronic water pump, the first heater, the proportional valve and the first heater core; The control room heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to form a first electronic water pump, a first heater, a proportional valve and a second warm air core.
[0012] Optionally, the first electronic water pump outlet is connected to the first heater inlet, and the first heater outlet is connected to the first interface of the proportional valve; The second interface of the proportional valve is connected to the inlet of the first heater core, and the outlet of the first heater core is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump; The third interface of the proportional valve is connected to the inlet of the second heater core, and the outlet of the second heater core is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump; The first heater core and the second heater core are connected between the proportional valve and the first electronic water pump via a heating channel passing through the central rotating body.
[0013] Optionally, the refrigeration cycle unit includes a cab refrigeration cycle circuit, a control room refrigeration cycle circuit and a battery refrigeration cycle circuit; The refrigeration cycle unit is composed of a compressor, a condenser, a cab evaporator, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a gas-liquid separator and an electronic fan; The cab refrigeration cycle circuit, the control room refrigeration cycle circuit and the battery refrigeration cycle circuit share a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser and an electronic fan.
[0014] Optionally, the cab refrigeration cycle is sequentially connected to a compressor, a condenser, a third electronic expansion valve, a first evaporator and a gas-liquid separator; The control room refrigeration cycle loop is connected in sequence to the compressor, the condenser, the first electronic expansion valve, the second evaporator and the gas-liquid separator; The battery refrigeration cycle loop includes a compressor, a condenser, a second electronic expansion valve, a heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator in sequence; The inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected in parallel with the heat exchanger, the second evaporator and the first evaporator respectively, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor.
[0015] Optionally, the electronic fan is arranged close to the radiator and the condenser to provide airflow for the radiator and the condenser.
[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a crane equipped with the above-mentioned integrated thermal management system.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. A parallel heating circulation unit and refrigeration circulation unit are installed between the cab and the control room. This not only meets the independent operation requirements between the cab and the control room, but also realizes synchronous heating and cooling, reduces energy loss and significantly reduces the cost of air-conditioning equipment; the circulation of refrigerant and coolant on and off the vehicle is realized through the connection between the electric drive cooling unit and the battery thermal management circulation loop.
[0018] 2. The flow direction of the first three-way reversing valve between the upper car electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit and the lower car electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit can be adjusted according to the working conditions of the crane, and the lower car motor electronic control components and the upper car motor electronic control components can be flexibly connected to the heat dissipation circuit.
[0019] 3. A five-way reversing valve and a second three-way reversing valve are installed between the electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop and the battery thermal management circulation loop to realize the recovery and utilization of the electric drive waste heat; solve the problem of electric drive waste heat recovery efficiency under low temperature conditions and improve the energy utilization rate of the vehicle thermal management system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an integrated thermal management system proposed in this embodiment.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram of an installation embodiment in which the battery pack of this embodiment is provided with an off-vehicle installation.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram of an installation embodiment in which the battery pack of this embodiment is installed on a vehicle.
[0023] In the figure: 1 radiator, 2 condenser, 3 first electronic water pump, 4 first heater, 5 proportional valve, 6 first heater core, 7 first evaporator, 8 first blower, 9 heat exchanger, 10 five-way reversing valve, 11 second electronic water pump, 12 first three-way reversing valve, 13 electric control component of the motor for getting off, 14 electric control component of the motor for getting on, 15 second blower, 16 second evaporator, 17 second heater core, 18 central rotary body, 19 second heater, 20 battery pack, 21 first electronic expansion valve, 22 third electronic water pump, 23 second electronic expansion valve, 24 third electronic expansion valve, 25 gas-liquid separator, 26 compressor, 27 second three-way reversing valve, 28 electronic fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example
[0025] This embodiment provides an integrated thermal management system, including: an electric drive heat dissipation unit, a battery thermal management circulation loop, a heating circulation unit, and a refrigeration circulation unit; the electric drive heat dissipation unit includes an upper vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop located in the operator's cab and an lower vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop located near the cab, and the two are connected through a central rotating body 18; the electric drive heat dissipation unit is connected to the battery thermal management circulation loop via a five-way reversing valve 10 and a three-way reversing valve; the heating circulation unit includes a cab heating circulation loop and a control room heating circulation loop, and the two are connected via a proportional valve 5; the refrigeration circulation unit is respectively located in the cab and the control room and is connected to the battery thermal management circulation loop; when the crane needs to dissipate heat, the circulation of refrigerant and coolant in the upper and lower vehicles is achieved through the connection between the electric drive heat dissipation unit and the battery thermal management circulation loop. When the crane needs to heat or cool, the cab and the control room are heated or cooled synchronously through the heating circulation unit or the refrigeration circulation unit.
[0026] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the upper part of the crane is located on the central rotating body 18, and the lower part includes the traveling mechanism, steering and other related actuators. When the crane is operating, the motor of the upper part generates heat during electronic control operation and needs to be dissipated, while the actuator of the lower part has no kinetic energy output and does not need to dissipate heat. When the crane is traveling, especially in special environments such as climbing a slope or working continuously on muddy roads, the upper part has no kinetic energy output and only needs to dissipate heat to the lower part. The existing technology usually sets up two independent electric drive cooling systems to meet the cooling needs of the upper and lower parts. This not only leads to a high cost of the electric drive cooling system, but also makes it impossible to effectively recover the waste heat of the electric drive, and the heat is wasted.
[0027] Optional, such as Figure 1 The electric drive cooling unit shown is composed of a radiator 1, an electric control assembly 14 for the onboard motor, an electric control assembly 13 for the offboard motor, a first three-way reversing valve 12, a second three-way reversing valve 27, a third electronic water pump 22, a five-way reversing valve 10 and a second three-way reversing valve 27; The upper vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump 22, the upper vehicle motor electronic control component 14, the first three-way reversing valve 12, the five-way reversing valve 10, the radiator 1 and the second three-way reversing valve 27, and returns to the third electronic water pump 22 through the second three-way reversing valve 27; The dismounting electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump 22, the dismounting motor electronic control component 13, the first three-way reversing valve 12, the five-way reversing valve 10; the radiator 1 and the second three-way reversing valve 27, and returns to the third electronic water pump 22 through the second three-way reversing valve 27.
[0028] Optionally, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12 is connected to the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the second interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12 is connected to the electric control component 13 of the getting-off motor, and the third interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12 is connected to the electric control component 14 of the getting-on motor; The third port of the five-way reversing valve 10 and the fourth port of the five-way reversing valve 10 are connected to the inlet and outlet of the battery thermal management loop respectively; The first interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the third interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, and the fifth interface of the five-way reversing valve 10 are respectively connected to the inlet of the radiator 1, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12, the inlet of the battery thermal management cycle loop, the outlet of the battery thermal management cycle loop, and the second interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27.
[0029] In this embodiment, when the vehicle is cooling, the coolant in the vehicle electric drive cooling circulation circuit passes through the third electronic water pump 22, the vehicle motor electronic control component 14, the third interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12, the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the first interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the radiator 1, the third interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27, and the first interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27, and returns to the third electronic water pump 22.
[0030] In this embodiment, when discharging heat when getting off the vehicle, the coolant in the discharging electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop passes through the third electronic water pump 22, the discharging motor electronic control component 13, the second interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve 12, the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the first interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, the radiator 1, the third interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27, and the first interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27 to return to the third electronic water pump 22. Optionally, the electric control assembly 13 for the motor for getting off the vehicle and the electric control assembly 14 for the motor for getting on the vehicle are connected between the third electronic water pump 22 and the first three-way reversing valve 12 via a heat dissipation channel passing through the central rotating body 18 .
[0031] In this embodiment, the central rotating body 18 is a mechanism on the crane used to connect the upper and lower vehicles. The fixed body inside the rotating body is connected to the lower vehicle pipe line, and the external rotating body is connected to the upper vehicle pipe line. There are multiple channels between the fixed body and the rotating body, including heat dissipation channels, heating channels, cooling channels and electrical wires, etc., to realize heating, coolant, refrigerant and electrical communication for the upper and lower vehicles during the rotation of the upper vehicle.
[0032] Optionally, the battery thermal management loop is composed of a second electronic water pump 11, a second heater 19, a heat exchanger 9 and a battery pack 20 connected in sequence; The inlet of the second electronic water pump 11 is connected to the third interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, and the outlet of the second electronic water pump 11 is connected to the inlet of the second heater 19; The outlet of the second heater 19 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 9, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the inlet of the battery pack 20; The outlet of the battery pack 20 is connected to the electric drive cooling unit through the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve 10.
[0033] In this embodiment, the coolant in the battery thermal management circulation loop passes through the second electronic water pump 11, the second heater 19, the heat exchanger 9, the battery pack 20, the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve 10, and the third interface of the five-way reversing valve 10 and returns to the second water pump; when the temperature of the battery pack 20 is lower than the target temperature, the second heater 19 is turned on to heat the battery pack 20, the heat exchanger 9 is closed and the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10 is controlled to be connected to the third interface, the fourth interface is connected to the fifth interface, and the first interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27 is connected to the second interface; thereby, the battery thermal management circulation loop is connected to the upper and lower vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loops, and the hot water temperature coming out of the electric drive system is lower than the inlet water temperature limit of the battery pack 20, and the waste heat in the upper and lower vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loops is transported to the battery thermal management circulation loop to realize the recovery and utilization of the electric drive waste heat. When the battery pack 20 needs to be cooled and the waste heat in the electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop for getting on and off the vehicle is higher than the inlet water temperature limit of the battery pack 20, the heat exchanger 9 is turned on, the second heater 19 is stopped, and the second interface of the five-way reversing valve 10 is controlled to be connected with the first interface, the third interface of the five-way reversing valve 10 is connected with the fourth interface, and at the same time, the third interface of the second three-way reversing valve 27 is connected with the second interface. The electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop for getting on and off the vehicle and the battery thermal management circuit are self-circulated respectively, and the battery thermal management circuit does not receive the waste heat from the electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop for getting on and off the vehicle, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid cooling of the battery thermal management.
[0034] Optionally, the heating circulation unit is composed of a first electronic water pump 3, a first heater 4, a proportional valve 5, a first warm air core 6 and a second warm air core 17; The cab heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to the first electronic water pump 3, the first heater 4, the proportional valve 5 and the first heater core 6; The control room heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to the first electronic water pump 3, the first heater 4, the proportional valve 5 and the second warm air core 17.
[0035] Optionally, the outlet of the first electronic water pump 3 is connected to the inlet of the first heater 4 , and the outlet of the first heater 4 is connected to the first interface of the proportional valve 5 ; The second interface of the proportional valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the first heater core 6, and the outlet of the first heater core 6 is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump 3; The third interface of the proportional valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the second heater core 17, and the outlet of the second heater core 17 is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump 3; The first heater core 6 and the second heater core 17 are connected between the proportional valve 5 and the first electronic water pump 3 via a heating channel passing through the central rotary body 18 .
[0036] In this embodiment, the coolant in the cab heating circulation loop passes through the first electronic water pump 3, the first heater 4, the first interface of the proportional valve 5, the second interface of the proportional valve 5 and the first heater core 6 and returns to the first electronic water pump 3; the coolant in the control room heating circulation loop passes through the first electronic water pump 3, the first heater 4, the first interface of the proportional valve 5, the third interface of the proportional valve 5 and the second heater core 17 and returns to the first electronic water pump 3.
[0037] When the cab heating function is turned on, the proportional valve 5 connects the first water pump, the first PTC, and the first warm air core 6; when the control room heating function is turned on, the proportional valve 5 connects the first water pump, the first PTC, and the second warm air core 17; when the cab and the control room need to be heated at the same time, the cab and the control room are heated at the same time by adjusting the valve core angle of the proportional valve 5, the power of the first PTC, and the flow rate of the first water pump.
[0038] Optionally, the refrigeration cycle unit includes a cab refrigeration cycle circuit, a control room refrigeration cycle circuit, and a battery refrigeration cycle circuit; The refrigeration cycle unit is composed of a compressor 26, a condenser 2, a first evaporator 7, a second evaporator 16, a first electronic expansion valve 21, a second electronic expansion valve 23, a third electronic expansion valve 24, a gas-liquid separator 25 and an electronic fan 28; The cab refrigeration cycle circuit, the control room refrigeration cycle circuit and the battery refrigeration cycle circuit share a gas-liquid separator 25 , a compressor 26 , a condenser 2 and an electronic fan 28 .
[0039] Optionally, the cab refrigeration cycle is connected in sequence to the compressor 26, the condenser 2, the third electronic expansion valve 24, the first evaporator 7 and the gas-liquid separator 25; The control room refrigeration cycle is connected in sequence to the compressor 26, the condenser 2, the first electronic expansion valve 21, the second evaporator 16 and the gas-liquid separator 25; The battery refrigeration cycle loop includes the compressor 26, the condenser 2, the second electronic expansion valve 23, the heat exchanger 9 and the gas-liquid separator 25; The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 25 is connected in parallel to the heat exchanger 9 , the second evaporator 16 , and the first evaporator 7 , respectively, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 25 is connected to the compressor 26 .
[0040] In this embodiment, the cab, control room, and battery cooling circuits utilize compressor 26, condenser 2, electronic fan 28, gas-liquid separator 25, and three electronic expansion valves to support seven cooling modes: battery pack 20 cooling alone, cab cooling alone, control room cooling alone, simultaneous cooling of the battery and cab, simultaneous cooling of the battery and control room, simultaneous cooling of the cab and control room, and simultaneous cooling of the battery pack 20, cab, and control room. The cab and control room utilize a single air conditioning outdoor unit, reducing the number of compressors 26, condensers 2, and PTC units from two to one, significantly reducing air conditioning system costs without compromising cooling performance.
[0041] Optionally, the electronic fan 28 is provided near the radiator 1 and the condenser 2 to provide airflow for the radiator 1 and the condenser 2 .
[0042] This embodiment's integrated thermal management system couples the air conditioning systems of the control and driver's cabs, flexibly switches between the onboard and offboard electric drive cooling systems based on operating conditions, and rationally recovers waste heat to heat the battery thermal management system. This effectively reduces system costs and energy consumption. Specifically, in cooling mode, the onboard motor electronic control assembly 14 or the offboard motor electronic control assembly 13 is selectively connected to the electric drive cooling loop, depending on the crane's travel or operating status, providing targeted cooling for the crane. When the battery requires heating, a five-way reversing valve 10 and a three-way reversing valve are installed between the electric drive cooling loop and the battery thermal management loop to recycle waste heat from the electric drive. When the crane needs cooling, the following seven working modes can be achieved through the opening and closing combination of the three electronic expansion valves: battery cooling alone, cab cooling alone, control room cooling alone, battery and cab cooling at the same time, battery and control room cooling at the same time, cab and control room cooling at the same time, and all three cooling at the same time; when the crane needs heating, a proportional valve 5 is set between the cab heating circulation loop and the control room heating circulation loop, which can achieve the following three working modes: cab heating alone, control room heating alone, and cab and control room heating at the same time. Example
[0043] This embodiment is a new energy crane, which is equipped with the integrated thermal management system of embodiment 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the thermal management unit is positioned adjacent to the power battery, allowing both to be located on the upper or lower vehicle. The power battery and battery thermal management unit are located on the lower vehicle. The operating principles and control strategies of the integrated thermal management system are the same as those in Example 1. The electronic fan 28, radiator 1, and condenser 2 form the cooling module, which is located in a well-ventilated location. The first heater core 6, first evaporator 7, and first blower 8 together form the first air conditioning unit, located within the cab. The second blower 15, second evaporator 16, and second heater core 17 together form the second air conditioning unit, located within the operator's cab.
[0044] Optionally, the crane's power battery and battery thermal management unit are placed on the upper vehicle. The battery thermal management circuit passes through the central rotor 18 and connects to the electric drive cooling unit. The operating principle and control strategy of this integrated thermal management system are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be further described. The heating device in this embodiment is not limited to a heater and a warm air core; an air-heated PTC can also be used. The five-way reversing valve 10 can also be a combination of a three-way valve and a four-way valve. The electronic expansion valve can also be replaced with a thermal expansion valve.
[0045] In summary, the present invention sets a parallel heating circulation unit and a refrigeration circulation unit between the cab and the operating room, which can not only meet the independent operation requirements between the cab and the operating room, but also realize heating and cooling synchronously, reduce energy loss and significantly reduce the cost of air-conditioning equipment; the circulation of refrigerant and coolant for getting on and off the vehicle is realized through the connection between the electric drive heat dissipation unit and the battery thermal management circulation loop. The flow direction of the first three-way reversing valve 12 between the on-vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop and the off-vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop can be adjusted according to the working conditions of the crane, and the off-vehicle motor electronic control component 13 and the on-vehicle motor electronic control component 14 can be flexibly connected to the heat dissipation circuit. A five-way reversing valve 10 and a second three-way reversing valve 27 are set between the electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop and the battery thermal management circulation loop to realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat from the electric drive; solve the problem of waste heat recovery efficiency of the electric drive under low temperature conditions and improve the energy utilization rate of the thermal management system of the whole vehicle.
[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.
Claims
1. An integrated thermal management system, characterized in that: include: Electric drive cooling unit, battery thermal management loop, heating cycle unit and refrigeration cycle unit; The electric drive heat dissipation unit includes an upper electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit located in the operating room and an lower electric drive heat dissipation circulation circuit located near the cab, and the two are connected through the central rotating body; the electric drive heat dissipation unit is connected to the battery thermal management circulation circuit; The heating circulation unit includes a cab heating circulation loop and a control room heating circulation loop, and the two are connected via a proportional valve and a central rotating body; The refrigeration cycle units are respectively arranged in the cab and the operating room, and are connected to the battery thermal management cycle loop; When the crane needs to dissipate heat, the circulation of refrigerant and coolant on and off the vehicle is achieved through the connection between the electric drive cooling unit and the battery thermal management circulation loop. When the crane needs heating or cooling, the heating circulation unit or the cooling circulation unit is used to heat or cool the cab and the control room synchronously.
2. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The electric drive heat dissipation unit is composed of a radiator, an electric control component of the onboard motor, an electric control component of the offboard motor, a first three-way reversing valve, a second three-way reversing valve, a third electronic water pump and a five-way reversing valve; The upper vehicle electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump, the upper vehicle motor electronic control component, the first three-way reversing valve, the five-way reversing valve, the radiator, and the second three-way reversing valve, and returns to the third electronic water pump through the second three-way reversing valve; The dismounting electric drive heat dissipation circulation loop is connected in sequence to the third electronic water pump, the dismounting motor electronic control component, the first three-way reversing valve, the five-way reversing valve, the radiator and the second three-way reversing valve, and returns to the third electronic water pump through the second three-way reversing valve.
3. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The first interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the second interface of the five-way reversing valve, the second interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the electric control component of the motor for getting off the vehicle, and the third interface of the first three-way reversing valve is connected to the electric control component of the motor for getting on the vehicle; The third port of the five-way reversing valve and the fourth port of the five-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the battery thermal management circulation loop; The first interface of the five-way reversing valve, the second interface of the five-way reversing valve, the third interface of the five-way reversing valve, the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve, and the fifth interface of the five-way reversing valve are respectively connected to the radiator inlet, the first interface of the first three-way reversing valve, the battery thermal management cycle inlet, the battery thermal management cycle outlet, and the second interface of the second three-way reversing valve; The electric control assembly of the motor for getting off the vehicle and the electric control assembly of the motor for getting on the vehicle are connected between the third electronic water pump and the first three-way reversing valve via a heat dissipation channel passing through the central rotating body.
4. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery thermal management loop is composed of a second electronic water pump, a second heater, a heat exchanger and a battery pack connected in sequence; The inlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the third interface of the five-way reversing valve, and the outlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the inlet of the second heater; The second heater outlet is connected to the heat exchanger inlet, and the heat exchanger outlet is connected to the battery pack inlet; The outlet of the battery pack is connected to the electric drive heat dissipation unit through the fourth interface of the five-way reversing valve.
5. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The heating circulation unit is composed of a first electronic water pump, a first heater, a proportional valve, a first warm air core and a second warm air core; The cab heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to the first electronic water pump, the first heater, the proportional valve and the first heater core; The control room heating circulation loop is connected in sequence to form a first electronic water pump, a first heater, a proportional valve and a second warm air core.
6. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first electronic water pump outlet is connected to the first heater inlet, and the first heater outlet is connected to the first interface of the proportional valve; The second interface of the proportional valve is connected to the inlet of the first heater core, and the outlet of the first heater core is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump; The third interface of the proportional valve is connected to the inlet of the second heater core, and the outlet of the second heater core is connected to the inlet of the first electronic water pump; The first heater core and the second heater core are connected between the proportional valve and the first electronic water pump via a heating channel passing through the central rotating body.
7. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The refrigeration cycle unit includes a cab refrigeration cycle circuit, a control room refrigeration cycle circuit and a battery refrigeration cycle circuit; The refrigeration cycle unit is composed of a compressor, a condenser, a first evaporator, a second evaporator, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a gas-liquid separator and an electronic fan; The cab refrigeration cycle circuit, the control room refrigeration cycle circuit and the battery refrigeration cycle circuit share a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a condenser and an electronic fan.
8. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 7, wherein: The cab refrigeration cycle is connected in sequence to a compressor, a condenser, a third electronic expansion valve, a first evaporator and a gas-liquid separator; The control room refrigeration cycle loop is connected in sequence to the compressor, the condenser, the first electronic expansion valve, the second evaporator and the gas-liquid separator; The battery refrigeration cycle loop includes a compressor, a condenser, a second electronic expansion valve, a heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator in sequence; The inlet of the gas-liquid separator is respectively connected to the first evaporator and the heat exchanger and is connected to the second evaporator through the central rotating body. The outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the compressor.
9. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 7, wherein: The electronic fan is arranged close to the radiator and the condenser and is used to provide airflow for the radiator and the condenser.
10. A crane, characterized in that: The crane is provided with the integrated thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.