Foundation pit support structure and adjusting method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of foundation pit inner support structure and adjusting method, foundation pit inner support structure, including multiple support guard plates, each support guard plate is equipped with corresponding support assembly;The two side walls of support guard plate are all equipped with sliding side plate of sliding connection, and the outer wall of support guard plate is installed with jack a for driving sliding side plate;Support assembly includes bottom plate, and the top of bottom plate is fixedly connected with support frame, and the outer wall of support frame is equipped with multiple fixedly connected mounting plates, and the mounting plate is all equipped with fixedly connected jack b, and the driving sleeve of multiple jack b is inserted with the same fixedly connected linkage frame.The application can adjust the horizontal plane of support guard plate horizontally and longitudinally, and the guard plate can be withdrawn individually when local collapse occurs in foundation pit, without removing the overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit technology and relates to a support structure and adjustment method for foundation pits. Background Technology

[0002] An excavation pit is a pit dug at the designed foundation location according to the base elevation and foundation dimensions. Before excavation, a comprehensive analysis of geological and hydrological data, combined with the conditions of nearby buildings, should be conducted to determine the excavation plan and implement appropriate drainage measures. For shallow excavation pits, a slope excavation method can be used to stabilize the slope; the slope angle should be determined according to relevant construction regulations. For deeper excavation pits or those adjacent to buildings, pit wall support methods can be used to prevent the outer soil layer from collapsing.

[0003] Existing foundation pit wall support structures typically involve fixing multiple support plates together to form a single structure, thus protecting the inner wall of the foundation pit. However, during subsequent use, when a relatively large collapse occurs in a certain area of ​​the inner wall of the foundation pit, the position of the support plates in that area cannot be flexibly adjusted, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the overall structure.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new internal support structure for the foundation pit to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an internal support structure for foundation pits, which enables horizontal and vertical adjustment of the support plates. In the event of a partial collapse, the support plates can be retracted individually without dismantling the entire structure, thus solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the support structure within a foundation pit.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a support structure inside a foundation pit, comprising multiple support plates, each support plate being provided with a corresponding support component;

[0008] The two side walls of the support plate are provided with sliding side plates that are slidably connected, and the outer wall of the support plate is equipped with a jack a for driving the sliding side plates.

[0009] The support assembly includes a base plate, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, and multiple fixedly connected mounting plates are provided on the outer wall of the support frame. Each mounting plate is provided with a fixedly connected jack b, and the drive sleeve of the multiple jacks b is inserted with the same fixedly connected linkage frame.

[0010] The driving end of the jack b is equipped with a fixedly connected adapter plate. A fixedly connected tie rod is installed on the side wall of the adapter plate near the support frame. A slidingly connected support column is inserted inside the adapter plate. One end of the support column is connected to the support guard plate. A fixedly connected retaining ring is fitted on the outer wall of the other end of the support column. The same slidingly connected linkage plate is fitted on the outer walls of the support column and the tie rod in the same mounting plate. Nuts that limit the movement of the linkage plate are screwed onto the outer walls of the support column and the tie rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the support plate is provided with a shielding assembly, which includes shielding covers. Multiple shielding covers are provided and arranged in a ring above the support plate. The shielding covers have mounting holes inside, and bolts for fixing the shielding covers to the ground are inserted into the mounting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, both sides of the interior of the shield are provided with docking holes, and a docking plate is provided between two adjacent shields, and the docking plate is fixedly connected to the docking hole by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a top plate, which has multiple top plates distributed on the outside of the pit opposite to the supporting guard plate. The top plate has a positioning rod b inserted inside for fixed connection. The top of the top plate is supported by a fixedly connected mounting frame, and the mounting frame has a rotatably connected guide roller inside.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotatably connected take-up roller is mounted on the top plate, and a take-up motor that drives the take-up roller is fixedly installed on the top plate. A steel wire rope is wound on the outer wall of the take-up roller. One end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the take-up roller, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding support frame. The outer wall of the steel wire rope abuts against the outer wall of the guide roller, and the take-up motor is a self-locking motor.

[0015] Furthermore, mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the support plate. The inner wall of the mounting groove abuts against and slides with the outer wall of the sliding side plate. A mating rubber strip is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding side plate. Multiple evenly distributed guide rods are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding side plate away from the mating rubber strip. The outer wall of the guide rod abuts against and slides with the inner wall of the support plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the side wall of the sliding side plate is fixedly connected to the driving end of the jack a, the jack a is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the support guard plate, and multiple connecting cylinders are fixedly installed on the outside of the support guard plate, and the inner wall of the connecting cylinder is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the support column.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the support frames is provided with a connecting component at its top. The connecting component includes a support block (51), which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame. Symmetrically distributed protrusions are fixedly installed on the top of the support block, and the protrusions have slots inside.

[0018] Furthermore, a ferrule is inserted into the slot and fixedly connected by bolts. A rotating sleeve is installed on the outer wall of the ferrule. A rotating cylinder is mounted between two adjacent ferrules in two adjacent sets of connecting components. A threaded drive rod is inserted into both sides of the inside of the rotating cylinder. The end of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding rotating sleeve, and the thread direction of the threaded structure connecting the drive rod and the rotating cylinder on both sides is opposite.

[0019] A method for adjusting the support structure within a foundation pit includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: First, pull the sliding side plates on both sides of the support plate to be adjusted towards the center of the corresponding support plate, so that the two sides of the support plate are separated from the adjacent support plates on the outer sides.

[0021] Step 2: Then, the jack b can be controlled to retract, releasing the compression support on the support plate, thereby allowing the support plate to move away from the inner wall of the pit.

[0022] Step 3: After moving the support plate, the soil in the collapsed tower area can be cleaned, leveled, and reinforced.

[0023] Step 4: Next, reinforce and reposition the corresponding bottom and top plates of the support plate;

[0024] Step 5: Then drive jack b to compress the support plate, so that the support plate is back against the inner wall of the pit, thus providing support for the inside of the pit.

[0025] Step Six: At this time, the jack a on the support plate can be controlled to work, so that it drives the sliding side plate to move outward from the inside of the support plate until the connecting rubber strip on the outer wall of the sliding side plate abuts against the connecting rubber strip on the other side, thus achieving full shielding and support of the pit.

[0026] Step 7: Control the winding roller to wind up the wire rope to suspend the top of the support frame, increase the tension on the top of the support frame, thereby increasing the lateral support force of the support frame on the support guard plate. This completes the position adjustment of the inclined support guard plate.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. This invention provides sliding side plates that are movably connected to both sides of the support plate and supports the outside of them. During the installation and use of this device, the horizontal and vertical adjustments of the support plate can be made, thereby improving the flexibility of the device during installation. It also makes it easier for staff to adjust and maintain a single support plate independently, thus shortening the adjustment time of the support structure.

[0029] 2. By setting up a shielding component, after assembling multiple support plates, the present invention assembles multiple shielding covers in the shielding component to form an integral structure. At this time, the integral shielding cover can shield and protect the area above the connection between the assembled support plates and the foundation pit, thereby reducing the probability of rainwater seeping into the gaps between the two during subsequent use, which could lead to the collapse of the foundation pit sidewall. Therefore, the support and protection effect of this device can be improved.

[0030] 3. This invention involves erecting a top plate and other components on the outer side of the top of the foundation pit. After the support plate is erected, the top plate can be connected to the support frame by steel wire rope, thereby achieving suspension of the top of the support frame and further improving the lateral support strength of the support frame for the support plate.

[0031] 4. By installing the connecting components, after the support plate is installed, the clamps can be inserted into the slots in each protrusion, and then the rotating cylinder can be controlled to move the moving rod to fix the clamps. This allows multiple support frames to be integrated into a single structure, thereby further improving the support strength of the device for the support plate. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the foundation pit support structure provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural connection between the support plate and the support assembly.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an exploded view of the support plate and its components.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2The diagram shows the structure of the support component.

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the shielding component.

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the top plate and its components.

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the connecting component.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention after installation.

[0041] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Support plate; 11. Mounting groove; 111. Connecting cylinder; 112. Jack a; 12. Sliding side plate; 121. Guide rod; 122. Connecting rubber strip; 2. Support assembly; 21. Base plate; 211. Positioning rod a; 22. Support frame; 23. Mounting plate; 231. Jack b; 232. Linkage frame; 24. Adapter plate; 241. Tie rod; 25. Support column; 251. Retaining ring; 252. Linkage... 3. Moving plate; 4. Covering assembly; 5. Cover; 6. Mounting hole; 7. Docking hole; 8. Docking plate; 9. Top plate; 10. Positioning rod b; 11. Mounting bracket; 12. Guide roller; 13. Winding roller; 14. Winding motor; 15. Wire rope; 16. Connecting assembly; 17. Support block; 18. Protrusion; 19. Slot; 10. Sleeve; 11. Rotating sleeve; 12. Rotating cylinder; 13. Drive rod. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A type of internal support structure for foundation pits, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a support plate 1 and a support assembly 2 for installing the support plate 1, and both the support plate 1 and the support assembly 2 are provided in multiple forms.

[0045] like Figures 2-4As shown, sliding side plates 12 are slidably connected on both sides of the support plate 1, and jacks a112 for driving the sliding side plates 12 are installed on the outer wall of the support plate 1; the support assembly 2 includes a base plate 21, a positioning rod a211 for fixed connection is inserted inside the base plate 21, a support frame 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 21 by bolts, a plurality of fixedly connected mounting plates 23 are provided on the outer wall of the support frame 22, and a fixedly connected jack b231 is provided on each mounting plate 23, and the same fixedly connected linkage frame 232 is inserted into the drive sleeve of the plurality of jacks b231; a fixedly connected adapter plate 24 is installed on the drive end of the jack b231, a fixedly connected pull rod 241 is installed on the side wall of the adapter plate 24 near the support frame 22, a slidably connected support column 25 is inserted inside the adapter plate 24, one end of the support column 25 is connected to the support plate 1, and a fixed rod is sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the support column 25. The retaining ring 251 is fixedly connected. A sliding linkage plate 252 is fitted onto the outer wall of the support column 25 and the tie rod 241 within the same mounting plate 23. Nuts are screwed onto the outer walls of both the support column 25 and the tie rod 241 to limit the movement of the linkage plate 252. Mounting grooves 11 are provided on both sides of the support guard plate 1. The inner wall of the mounting groove 11 abuts against and slides against the outer wall of the sliding side plate 12. A mating rubber strip 122 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sliding side plate 12. Multiple evenly distributed guide rods 121 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of plate 12 away from the mating rubber strip 122. The outer wall of the guide rod 121 abuts against and slides against the inner wall of the support guard plate 1. The side wall of the sliding side plate 12 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the jack a112. The jack a112 is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the support guard plate 1. Multiple connecting cylinders 111 are fixedly installed on the outside of the support guard plate 1, and the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 111 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the end of the support column 25.

[0046] By setting movable sliding side plates 12 on both sides of the support plate 1 and setting support components 2 on its exterior, the support plate 1 can be adjusted horizontally and longitudinally during the installation and use of this device. This improves the flexibility of the device during installation and also facilitates independent adjustment of a single support plate 1 by the staff. During the installation of the support plate 1, the entire device is not subjected to external forces. When the jack a112 operates, it moves the sliding side plates 12 at the ends until the mating rubber strips 122 on the side walls of the two sliding side plates 12 deform and abut against each other, thus sealing the gap between two adjacent support plates 1. During the protection process, it is only necessary to ensure that the lateral bearing capacity of the mutually pressing mating rubber strips 122 is greater than the lateral compressive force of the soil pressure to avoid the occurrence of discontinuity in the support.

[0047] Meanwhile, since the two adjacent support plates 1 are connected by squeezing and abutting each other, when the soil on the side wall of the foundation pit in a certain area of ​​the support plate 1 collapses during subsequent use, the support plate 1 in that area can be disassembled independently. This makes it easier for workers to clean and reinforce the soil in that area, and then re-install the support plate 1, thereby reducing the difficulty of maintenance of the device in the later stages of the work.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, a shielding assembly 3 is provided above the support plate 1 to shield and protect its top. The shielding assembly 3 includes a shield 31, and multiple shields 31 are arranged in a ring above the support plate 1. The shield 31 has a mounting hole 311 inside, and bolts for fixing the shield 31 to the ground are inserted into the mounting hole 311. Both sides of the shield 31 have a docking hole 312. A docking plate 32 is provided between two adjacent shields 31, and the docking plate 32 is fixedly connected to the docking hole 312 by bolts.

[0049] After assembling multiple support plates 1, multiple shields 31 in the shielding assembly 3 are assembled to form an integral structure. At this time, the integral shields 31 can shield and protect the area above the connection between the assembled support plates 1 and the foundation pit, thereby reducing the probability of rainwater seeping into the gap between the two during subsequent use and causing the foundation pit sidewall to collapse. Therefore, the support and protection effect of this device can be improved.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a top plate 4, which has multiple positioning rods b41 distributed on the outside of the pit opposite to the support plate 1. The top plate 4 has a fixed connection to the positioning rod b41 inserted inside. The top of the top plate 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 42, and the mounting frame 42 has a rotatably connected guide roller 421 inside. The top plate 4 has a rotatably connected take-up roller 43, and a take-up motor 431 that drives the take-up roller 43 is fixedly installed on the top plate 4. A steel wire rope 432 is wound on the outer wall of the take-up roller 43. One end of the steel wire rope 432 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the take-up roller 43, and the other end of the steel wire rope 432 is fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding support frame 22. The outer wall of the steel wire rope 432 abuts against the outer wall of the guide roller 421, and the take-up motor 431 is a self-locking motor.

[0051] After the support plate 1 is erected, the top plate 4 is connected to the support frame 22 via steel wire rope 432. Then, the winding motor 431 is controlled to drive the winding roller 43 to rotate. The rotating winding roller 43 suspends the top of the support frame 22 by winding the steel wire rope 432. During this process, the guide roller 421 can smoothly guide the steel wire rope 432, making the movement of the steel wire rope 432 more stable. At the same time, since the winding motor 431 is a self-locking motor, it can prevent the winding roller 43 from rotating in the opposite direction due to the tension of the steel wire rope 432, thus preventing the taut steel wire rope 432 from loosening. After installation and adjustment, the support frame 22 is in a vertical state and will not provide additional lateral pressure on the components located on the support frame 22. The function of the steel wire rope 432 is to reduce the pressure on the top of the relatively long support frame 22 when the pit collapses, which may cause the top to tilt towards the center of the pit, thereby increasing the support strength of the support frame 22 after installation.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, each support frame 22 is provided with a connecting component 5 at its top. The connecting component 5 includes a support block 51, which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 22. Symmetrically distributed protrusions 511 are fixedly installed on the top of the support block 51, and a slot 512 is opened inside the protrusion 511. A sleeve 52 is inserted into the slot 512 and fixedly connected by bolts. A rotating sleeve 521 is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 52. A rotating cylinder 53 is provided between two adjacent sleeves 52 in two adjacent sets of connecting components 5. A threaded drive rod 531 is inserted on both sides inside the rotating cylinder 53. The end of the drive rod 531 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding rotating sleeve 521, and the thread direction of the threaded structure of the drive rod 531 on both sides is opposite to that of the rotating cylinder 53.

[0053] By setting the thread direction of the threaded structure connecting the drive rod 531 and the rotating cylinder 53 to be opposite, when the operator controls the rotating cylinder 53 to rotate, the drive rods 531 on both sides can be moved relative to each other or in opposite directions, thereby adjusting the position of the sleeves 52 on both sides. Since the sleeves 52 and the drive rod 531 are rotatably connected by the rotating sleeve 521, the sleeves 52 can be smoothly inserted into the slots 512 in the two adjacent protrusions 511 and fixed with bolts. In this way, multiple support frames 22 can be connected to form a whole, thereby helping to improve the support strength of the support frame 22 for the support guard plate 1.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A method for adjusting the support structure within a foundation pit includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: First, pull and retract the sliding side plates 12 on both sides of the support plate 1 to be adjusted towards the center of the corresponding support plate 1, so that the two sides of the support plate 1 are separated from the adjacent support plates 1 on the outer sides.

[0057] Step 2: Control the jack b231 to retract, release the compression support on the support plate 1, so that the support plate 1 can move away from the inner wall of the pit;

[0058] Step 3: After moving the support plate 1, the soil in the collapsed area of ​​the tower can be cleaned, leveled and reinforced; depending on the actual situation, temporary supports can be added when the support plate is retracted and the collapsed soil is cleaned in steps 1 to 3.

[0059] Step 4: Next, reinforce and reposition the base plate 21 and top corresponding to the support guard plate 1;

[0060] Step 5: Then drive jack b231 to press the support plate 1, so that the support plate 1 is back against the inner wall of the pit, thus providing support for the inside of the pit.

[0061] Step Six: At this time, control the jack a112 on the support plate 1 to work, so that it drives the sliding side plate 12 to move outward from the inside of the support plate 1 until the connecting rubber strip 122 on the outer wall of the sliding side plate 12 abuts against the connecting rubber strip 122 on the other side, so as to achieve full shielding and support of the pit.

[0062] Step 7: Control the winding roller 43 to wind up the wire rope 432, suspending the top of the support frame 22, increasing the tension on the top of the support frame 22, thereby increasing the lateral support force of the support frame 22 on the support guard plate 1. This completes the position adjustment of the inclined support guard plate 1. When performing auxiliary tensioning reinforcement of the wire rope, the tension should be controlled within a range compatible with the lifting force of the jack b231 to avoid offsetting the thrust of the jack b231.

[0063] The working principle of the pit support structure provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0064] When installing this device, such as Figure 8 As shown, the base plate 21 can be fixedly installed at the bottom of the pit by the positioning rod a211. Then, the support frame 22 is fixed to the base plate 21 by bolts. Next, the support guard plate 1 is taken out and placed inside the pit at the position opposite to the support frame 22. Then, the support column 25 is inserted into the mounting plate 23 until its end is threadedly connected to the connecting cylinder 111 in the support guard plate 1. After the insertion and installation of the support column 25 is completed, the linkage plate 252 is taken out and sleeved on the outside of the support column 25 and the tie rod 241. Then, nuts are screwed on the ends of the support column 25 and the tie rod 241 to fix the linkage plate 252.

[0065] By moving the linkage frame 232 outside the jack b231, multiple jacks b231 can be driven synchronously. At this time, the extended jack b231 can lift and move the end adapter plate 24. The moving adapter plate 24 can pull the linkage plate 252 through the pull rod 241. Thus, the moving linkage plate 252 can drive the support column 25 and its end support guard plate 1, thereby realizing the installation and movement of the support guard plate 1.

[0066] Next, the jack a112 is controlled to work as needed. The working jack a112 can drive the sliding side plate 12 at the end, thereby changing the support area of ​​the support plate 1. This allows the opposite sides of two adjacent support plates 1 to smoothly abut against each other, so that multiple support plates 1 can completely shield and support the inner wall of the pit.

[0067] After assembling multiple support plates 1, the shielding component 3 can be removed, and multiple shielding covers 31 can be bolted to the top of the support plates 1 at the top of the pit. This allows the shielding covers 31 to shield and protect the area above the joint between the support plates 1 and the pit, thereby reducing the probability of rainwater seeping into the gaps between the two during subsequent use and causing the pit sidewall to collapse. Therefore, the support and protection effect of this device can be improved.

[0068] Next, the top plate 4 is installed on the ground at the position opposite to the multiple support frames 22 via the positioning rod b41. Then, the end of the wire rope 432 on the winding roller 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding support frame 22. After the wire rope 432 is connected, the winding motor 431 can be controlled to drive the winding roller 43 to rotate and wind the wire rope 432 until the wire rope 432 is taut and suspends and stretches the top of the support frame 22. This can reduce the phenomenon of the top of the support frame 22 tilting during later use, and thus help improve the lateral support strength of the support frame 22 for the support guard plate 1.

[0069] Next, take out the rotating cylinder 53 from the connecting assembly 5, and insert the sleeves 52 at both ends of the rotating cylinder 53 into the slots 512 inside the protrusion 511. After inserting the sleeves 52, use bolts to insert and fix the sleeves 52 to the protrusion 511. Then control the rotating cylinder 53 to rotate. At this time, the rotating cylinder 53 will drive the drive rods 531 on both sides of the inside to move relative to each other through the thread structure with opposite threads on both sides. This can connect two adjacent support frames 22, so that multiple support frames 22 form an integral structure, thereby further improving the support strength of the device for the support plate 1.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for supporting a pit, comprising a plurality of support sheets (1), characterized in that, Each support guard plate (1) is provided with a corresponding support assembly (2); The two side walls of the support guard plate (1) are provided with sliding side plates (12) connected slidingly, and the outer wall of the support guard plate (1) is provided with a jack a (112) driving the sliding side plates (12); The support assembly (2) comprises a bottom plate (21), the top of the bottom plate (21) is fixedly connected with a support frame (22), the outer wall of the support frame (22) is provided with a plurality of fixedly connected mounting plates (23), the mounting plates (23) are all provided with fixedly connected jacks b (231), the driving sleeves of the plurality of jacks b (231) are provided with the same fixedly connected linkage frame (232); The driving end of the jack b (231) is provided with a fixedly connected adapter plate (24), one side wall of the adapter plate (24) close to the support frame (22) is provided with a fixedly connected pull rod (241), the inside of the adapter plate (24) is provided with a slidingly connected support column (25), one end of the support column (25) is connected with the support guard plate (1), the outer wall of the other end of the support column (25) is provided with a fixedly connected retaining ring (251), the outer walls of the support column (25) and the pull rod (241) in the same mounting plate (23) are provided with the same slidingly connected linkage plate (252), and the outer walls of the support column (25) and the pull rod (241) are all screwed with nuts limiting the linkage plate (252); It also comprises a top plate (4), the top plate (4) is provided with a plurality of and distributed on the opposite parts of the support guard plate (1) outside the foundation pit, the inside of the top plate (4) is provided with a fixedly connected positioning rod b (41), the top of the top plate (4) is provided with a fixedly connected mounting frame (42), and the inside of the mounting frame (42) is provided with a rotationally connected guide roller (421); The top plate (4) is provided with a rotationally connected winding roller (43), the top plate (4) is fixedly provided with a winding motor (431) driving the winding roller (43), the outer wall of the winding roller (43) is wound with a steel wire rope (432), one end of the steel wire rope (432) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the winding roller (43), the other end of the steel wire rope (432) is fixedly connected with the top of the corresponding support frame (22), the outer wall of the steel wire rope (432) abuts against the outer wall of the guide roller (421), and the winding motor (431) is a self-locking motor.

2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein The top of the support guard plate (1) is provided with a shielding assembly (3), the shielding assembly (3) comprises a shielding cover (31), the shielding cover (31) is provided with a plurality of and annularly distributed above the support guard plate (1), the inside of the shielding cover (31) is provided with a mounting hole (311), and the inside of the mounting hole (311) is provided with a bolt fixedly connecting the shielding cover (31) with the ground.

3. The structure according to claim 2, wherein Both sides of the shielding cover (31) are provided with butt joint holes (312), and adjacent two shielding covers (31) are arranged with butt joint plates (32), and the butt joint plates (32) and the butt joint holes (312) are fixedly connected through bolts.

4. The excavation bracing structure according to claim 1, wherein The two side walls of the support guard plate (1) are provided with mounting grooves (11), the inner walls of the mounting grooves (11) abut against and are slidably connected with the outer walls of the sliding side plates (12), the outer walls of the sliding side plates (12) are fixedly provided with butt joint rubber strips (122), the outer walls of the sliding side plates (12) away from the butt joint rubber strips (122) are fixedly provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed guide rods (121), and the outer walls of the guide rods (121) abut against and are slidably connected with the inner walls of the support guard plate (1).

5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein The side wall of the sliding side plate (12) is fixedly connected with the driving end of the jack a (112), the jack a (112) is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the support guard plate (1), a plurality of connecting barrels (111) are fixedly installed on the outer part of the support guard plate (1), and the inner walls of the connecting barrels (111) are threadedly connected with the outer walls of the end portions of the support columns (25).

6. The excavation bracing structure according to claim 1, wherein The top of each support frame (22) is provided with a connecting assembly (5), the connecting assembly (5) comprises a support block (51), the support block (51) is fixedly installed at the top of the support frame (22), the top of the support block (51) is fixedly provided with symmetrically distributed protrusions (511), and the interiors of the protrusions (511) are provided with clamping grooves (512).

7. The structure according to claim 6, wherein The interiors of the clamping grooves (512) are inserted with clamping sleeves (52) and are fixedly connected through bolts, the outer walls of the clamping sleeves (52) are provided with rotatably connected rotating sleeves (521), adjacent two clamping sleeves (52) in adjacent two connecting assemblies (5) are arranged with rotating barrels (53), the interiors of the rotating barrels (53) are inserted with threadedly connected driving rods (531) on both sides, the end portions of the driving rods (531) are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the corresponding rotating sleeves (521), and the thread directions of the connecting thread structures of the driving rods (531) on both sides and the rotating barrel (53) are opposite.

8. The method of adjusting a retaining structure for an excavation according to claim 4, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: first, pull the sliding side plates (12) on both sides of the support guard plate (1) to the center of the corresponding support guard plate (1) to separate the two sides of the support guard plate (1) from the adjacent support guard plates (1) on the outside; Step two: then control the jack b (231) to shrink to release the extrusion support of the support guard plate (1), so that the support guard plate (1) moves away from the inner wall of the foundation pit; Step three: after moving the support guard plate (1), the soil of the regional collapse is cleaned, leveled and reinforced; Step four: then, the bottom plate (21) and the top of the support guard plate (1) are reinforced and reset; Step five: then, drive the jack b (231) to extrude the support guard plate (1), so that the support guard plate (1) abuts against the inner wall of the foundation pit, thereby supporting the inside of the foundation pit. Step six: at this time control the support guard plate (1) on the jack a (112) work, make it drive the sliding side plate (12) from the inside of the support guard plate (1) to unfold and move outward, until the sliding side plate (12) outer wall of the butt rubber strip (122) and the other side of the butt rubber strip (122) abut, realize the overall shielding support to the inside of the foundation pit; Step seven: control the winding roller (43) to wind the steel wire rope (432), to suspend the top of the support frame (22), improve the tension of the top of the support frame (22), so as to increase the lateral support force of the support frame (22) to the support guard plate (1), thus completing the position adjustment of the inclined support guard plate (1).

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