Engineering muck ecological brick and slope protection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering muck ecological brick and a slope protection method thereof.The ecological brick is integrally formed by pressing a base layer and a grass seed layer, the ecological brick is of a hollowed-out structure and comprises a hollowed-out part and a non-hollowed-out part, and a concave-convex mortise and tenon joint structure is arranged on the periphery of the ecological brick; the base layer is formed by pressing engineering residue soil as a raw material, and honeycomb-shaped pits are formed in the surface of the base layer; the grass seed layer is formed by pressing a grass seed composite material and is embedded into the honeycomb-shaped pits, the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, a water-retaining agent, a fertilizer, organic soil and engineering residue soil and can continuously release nutrient elements needed by vegetation growth after being compacted, and the grass seed layer is located in the honeycomb-shaped pits, so that moisture can be effectively maintained, and the vegetation growth rate is increased; and normal growth of vegetation is guaranteed. The prepared ecological brick is connected and fixed to the slope through a concave-convex mortise and tenon joint structure, a large amount of engineering muck can be absorbed, the vegetation coverage rate can be increased, and the slope protection effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular relates to an engineering slag ecological brick and a slope protection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In various slope projects, such as highway projects, construction sites, and riverbank improvements, slope protection remains a critical component in ensuring project safety, stability, and ecological harmony. In recent years, ecological slope protection technology has gained increasing application in engineering practice due to its cost-effectiveness throughout its lifecycle and significant environmental benefits. However, these project slopes often have steep slopes. During the transitional period before slope protection vegetation fully covers the slope and achieves localized ecological stability, the slopes are highly susceptible to erosion and damage from rainfall, seriously impacting protection effectiveness and project safety.

[0003] Currently, ecological slope protection technologies mainly include direct fill seeding, hydraulic seeding, direct turf laying, three-dimensional vegetation nets, gridded grass planting, eco-bags, vegetation belts / mats, and vegetation concrete. While direct fill seeding offers the advantages of ease of construction and low cost, it has drawbacks such as difficulty in construction, difficulty in soil compaction, and weak erosion resistance when dealing with steep slopes. While hydraulic seeding improves construction convenience to a certain extent, it requires meshing for steep slopes, increasing costs. Eco-bag landfilling faces technical bottlenecks such as high material costs, easy aging and damage of the bags, and insufficient internal soil compaction. While newer methods such as vegetation belts / mats and vegetation concrete offer better protection, their high costs limit their large-scale application.

[0004] At the same time, these slope engineering projects and the areas in which they are located often face the challenge of disposing of construction waste. Traditional methods of disposing of construction waste typically involve landfill or stockpiling, which not only consumes land resources but also can cause secondary environmental pollution. Therefore, building on existing ecological slope protection technologies and developing new slope ecological protection methods through system integration and technological innovation that effectively utilize construction waste resources while also being economical and effective has become a pressing challenge in the fields of geotechnical engineering and ecological restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an engineering slag ecological brick and a slope protection method thereof, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides an engineering waste ecological brick, which is integrally pressed into shape by a base layer and a grass seed layer; the base layer is pressed into shape using engineering waste as raw material, and the surface of the base layer is pressed into honeycomb-shaped pits; the grass seed layer is pressed into shape using a grass seed composite material as raw material, and the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, water-retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil and engineering waste; the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb-shaped pits.

[0007] In the first aspect, the weight ratio of the grass seeds, the water retaining agent, the fertilizer, the organic soil and the construction waste soil is (0.005-0.03):(0.005-0.03):(0.03-0.05):(20-60):(50-80).

[0008] In the first aspect, the sand and gravel content of the construction waste soil is less than 50%, and the diameter of the construction waste soil is less than 2 cm.

[0009] In the first aspect, the eco-brick is a hollow structure, including a hollow part and a non-hollow part, and the periphery of the eco-brick is provided with a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure; the area of ​​the hollow part accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the eco-brick; the area of ​​the honeycomb pit accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part.

[0010] In the first aspect, the compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%; the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%.

[0011] In the first aspect, the thickness of the base layer is 9-15 cm, the depth of the honeycomb-shaped pits is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is smaller than the depth of the honeycomb-shaped pits.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for slope protection with ecological bricks made of engineering slag, which comprises the following steps: S1, screening engineering slag; S2, preparing a grass seed composite material; the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, a water retaining agent, a fertilizer, organic soil and engineering slag, and the weight ratio of the grass seeds, the water retaining agent, the fertilizer, the organic soil and the engineering slag is (0.005-0.03): (0.005-0.03): (0.03-0.05): (20-60): (50-80); S3, preparing an ecological brick by a brick-making machine, wherein the ecological brick is formed by integrally pressing a base layer and a grass seed layer, and the base layer is formed by the The construction waste soil is pressed into shape as raw material, and the grass seed layer is pressed into shape with the grass seed composite material; and the ecological brick is a hollow structure, including a hollow part and a non-hollow part, and the periphery of the ecological brick is provided with a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure, and the area of ​​the hollow part accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the ecological brick; S4, clean the slope to be treated, lay the ecological bricks on the slope to be treated, and any two adjacent ecological bricks are connected and fixed by the concave-convex mortise and tenon structure; S5, sow the grass seed composite material so that the grass seed composite material is placed in the hollow part; S6, water and maintain regularly until the slope vegetation is localized.

[0013] In the second aspect, in step S1, the sand and gravel content in the construction waste soil is less than 50%, and the diameter of the construction waste soil is less than 2 cm.

[0014] In the second aspect, in step S3, the surface of the base layer is pressed into a honeycomb-shaped pit, and the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb pit; the area of ​​the honeycomb pit accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part, the depth of the honeycomb pit is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is less than the depth of the honeycomb pit.

[0015] In the second aspect, the compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%; the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides an ecological brick made of construction waste soil, which is integrally pressed into shape by a base layer and a grass seed layer; wherein the base layer is pressed into shape using construction waste soil as raw material, and the surface of the base layer is in the form of honeycomb-shaped pits, and the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb-shaped pits, thereby forming a double-layer structure of base layer + grass seed layer; further, the grass seed layer is pressed into shape using a grass seed composite material as raw material, and the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, water-retaining agents, fertilizers, organic soil and construction waste soil, and can continuously release the nutrients required for vegetation growth after compaction, and since the grass seed layer is located in the honeycomb-shaped pits, it can effectively maintain moisture and ensure the normal growth of vegetation; in addition, the present invention only uses construction waste soil as the base material, which can not only absorb a large amount of stored construction waste soil and reduce production costs, but also maintain the moisture of the grass seed layer to promote the germination and growth of grass seeds, thereby forming a stable whole through the vegetation root system, the base layer and the slope soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an engineering slag ecological brick in the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slope protection effect of an engineering slag ecological brick in the second embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Hollow part; 2. Non-hollow part; 3. Concave and convex mortise and tenon structure; 4. Honeycomb-shaped pits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 The present invention provides an ecological brick made of construction waste soil, which is integrally pressed into shape by a base layer and a grass seed layer; the base layer is pressed into shape using construction waste soil as raw material, and the surface of the base layer is pressed into honeycomb-shaped pits; the grass seed layer is pressed into shape using a grass seed composite material as raw material, and the grass seed composite material consists of grass seeds, water-retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil and construction waste soil; the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb-shaped pits.

[0021] Specifically, the present invention provides an engineering slag ecological brick, which is integrally pressed and formed by a base layer and a grass seed layer; wherein the base layer is pressed and formed using engineering slag as raw material, and the surface of the base layer is honeycomb-shaped pits, and the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb pits, thereby forming a double-layer structure of base layer + grass seed layer; further, the grass seed layer is pressed and formed using a grass seed composite material as raw material, and the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, water-retaining agents, fertilizers, organic soil and engineering slag. After compaction, it can continuously release the nutrients required for vegetation growth, and since the grass seed layer is located in the honeycomb pits, it can effectively maintain moisture and ensure the normal growth of vegetation; in addition, the present invention only uses engineering slag as the base material, which can not only absorb a large amount of stored engineering slag and reduce production costs, but also maintain the moisture of the grass seed layer to promote the germination and growth of grass seeds, thereby forming a stable whole through the vegetation root system, the base layer and the slope soil.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the weight ratio of the grass seeds, the water retaining agent, the fertilizer, the organic soil and the construction waste soil is (0.005-0.03):(0.005-0.03):(0.03-0.05):(20-60):(50-80).

[0023] Specifically, grass seeds can be compounded based on the climatic conditions of the construction project location, with one or more grass seeds suitable for growth. This is the basic condition for vegetation growth; water retaining agents can be environmentally friendly water retaining agents to improve water storage capacity and ensure good vegetation growth; fertilizers can be compound fertilizers or fertilizers suitable for grass seed germination and growth, and in line with environmental protection indicators; organic soil is rich in organic matter and a variety of nutrients, which can promote the growth and development of the root system, and provide sufficient nutrients for vegetation growth, and has the function of retaining water and fertilizer. In this application, construction waste soil and organic soil are used as the main soil conditions, and the soil structure of construction waste soil is improved by organic soil, and is combined with grass seeds, water retaining agents and fertilizers to form a grass seed composite material, which is embedded in the honeycomb pit as a grass seed layer, simplifying the construction steps and providing a good nutritional basis for vegetation growth.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the sand and gravel content in the construction waste soil is less than 50%, and the diameter of the construction waste soil is less than 2 cm.

[0025] In this application, to ensure the viscosity of the construction waste soil for compaction and molding, the sand and gravel content in the construction waste soil is less than 50% and the diameter is less than 2 cm. To reduce costs, when using construction waste soil ecological bricks for slope protection projects, surplus construction waste soil is selected nearby, and the construction waste soil with a high moisture content is treated with water control to ensure that its moisture content is within the optimal moisture content ±3%.

[0026] For some possible implementations, see Figure 1The eco-brick has a hollow structure, including a hollow part and a non-hollow part, and the periphery of the eco-brick is provided with a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure; the area of ​​the hollow part accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the eco-brick; the area of ​​the honeycomb pit accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part.

[0027] In this application, the eco-bricks have a hollow structure, including hollowed-out and non-hollowed-out parts. Honeycomb-shaped pits are set on the surface of the non-hollowed-out parts to accommodate the grass seed layer, providing basic conditions for vegetation growth. At the same time, after being laid on the slope, rainwater can enter the dry soil on the slope through the hollowed-out parts, delaying the formation of slope runoff and promptly draining excess rainwater to reduce scour. Later, grass seed composite materials can be sown in the hollowed-out parts to enrich the vegetation root system and increase the vegetation coverage rate on the slope. In addition, when the eco-bricks are laid on the slope, they are connected and fixed using the concave and convex mortise and tenon structure set on the periphery of the eco-bricks to improve the slope's anti-scour ability.

[0028] Furthermore, the present application does not limit the shape of the eco-bricks, which can be rectangular, square or hexagonal; the hollow parts thereof can also be independent rectangles, semicircles or hexagons.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%; and the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%.

[0030] Specifically, the compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%, and its low permeability is used to maintain the moisture of the grass seed composite material; at the same time, the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%, which can slowly release fertilizer effects over a long period of time; the double-layer structure of base layer + grass seed layer achieves a balance between the stability of slope restoration and ecological functions.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the base layer is 9-15 cm, the depth of the honeycomb pits is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is less than the depth of the honeycomb pits.

[0032] In this application, the honeycomb-shaped pits are 3-4 cm deep, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is less than the depth of the honeycomb pits. This prevents the grass seeds from being washed away by rain before they germinate and grow, thereby reducing the vegetation growth rate. Furthermore, this application can also store a small amount of water through the honeycomb pits, and combined with the grass seed composite material, promote grass seed germination and growth, thereby improving the vegetation growth rate.

[0033] Example 2 The present invention provides a method for slope protection using ecological engineering slag bricks, which is used to protect a slope with a large slope, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Screening of construction waste soil: Select surplus construction waste soil nearby to reduce transportation costs. Simultaneously, perform simple processing on the construction waste soil to reduce its diameter to less than 2 cm, its sand and gravel content to less than 50%, and its moisture content to within ±3% of the optimal moisture content. S2. Preparing a grass seed composite material; the grass seed composite material comprises grass seeds, a water retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil, and construction waste soil, wherein the weight ratio of the grass seeds, water retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil, and construction waste soil is (0.005-0.03):(0.005-0.03):(0.03-0.05):(20-60):(50-80); S3. Use a mobile brick-making machine with a high degree of automation to prepare ecological bricks, wherein the ecological bricks are pressed and formed as a whole by the base layer and the grass seed layer, and the ecological bricks have a hollow structure, including a hollow part and a non-hollow part, and a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure is set on the periphery, and the area of ​​the hollow part accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the ecological brick; the base layer is pressed and formed with engineering waste soil as raw material, and its compaction degree is ≥90%, and the thickness is 9-15cm. The surface of the base layer has honeycomb pits, the depth of the honeycomb pits is 3-4cm, and the area of ​​the honeycomb pits accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part; the grass seed layer is pressed and formed with a grass seed composite material, and its compaction degree is 80-85%, and is embedded in the honeycomb pits. The brick-making machine mold is manufactured according to the above requirements to improve the efficiency of brick making; S4, clean the slope to be treated, make it flat and compact; then lay ecological bricks on the slope to be treated, and any two adjacent ecological bricks are connected and fixed by a concave and convex mortise and tenon structure, such as Figure 2 As shown; S5. After the ecological bricks are laid, the grass seed composite material is sown so that the grass seed composite material is placed in the hollow part; S6. Carry out watering and maintenance regularly until the vegetation on the slope becomes localized and the slope protection effect is achieved.

[0034] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: (1) This application uses construction waste as the main raw material to press into ecological bricks, which can not only dispose of a large amount of construction waste nearby, but also reduce transportation costs and realize the resource utilization of construction waste.

[0035] (2) The grass seed composite material composed of grass seeds, water retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil and engineering waste soil in this application is placed in the honeycomb pit after being pressed. It can not only enhance the storage capacity and play a role in water regulation, but also slowly release fertilizer effect and regulate nutrients over a long period of time, thereby promoting the germination and growth of grass seeds, so that vegetation can quickly cover the slope surface and prevent landslides.

[0036] (3) This application embeds the grass seed layer into the honeycomb-shaped pits on the surface of the base layer, which not only reduces the amount of grass seed layer used and reduces costs, but also achieves a balance between slope stability and ecological function through the double-layer structure of base layer + grass seed layer.

[0037] (4) When the ecological bricks prepared in this application are used for slope protection, the construction is convenient, and the stability is enhanced after the adjacent bricks are connected and fixed by the concave and convex mortise and tenon structure. Before the vegetation roots completely cover the slope soil, the slope's anti-scouring ability can be significantly enhanced. At the same time, the engineering waste ecological bricks of this application are more conducive to the growth of vegetation roots than conventional concrete bricks or stones. Then, the vegetation roots and the slope soil can form a stable whole to achieve the purpose of slope protection.

[0038] (5) The eco-bricks prepared by the brick-making machine in this application are hollow structures. After being laid on a slope with a large slope, a complete vegetation root system has not yet been formed. When it encounters the early stage of rainfall or a small amount of rainfall, rainwater can enter the dry soil on the slope through the hollow part and delay the formation of slope runoff, thereby preventing the eco-bricks from overall landslide; when it encounters the late stage of rainfall or a large amount of rainfall, the water flow speed on the slope can be slowed down and water can be removed in time to avoid the grass seeds in the pressed grass seed layer being washed away, thereby reducing the vegetation growth rate.

[0039] (6) After the ecological bricks are laid, the present application further increases the vegetation coverage by sowing grass seed composite materials into the hollowed-out parts, thereby ensuring the slope protection effect.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications, changes, or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An engineering slag ecological brick, characterized in that: The ecological brick is formed by pressing a base layer and a grass seed layer in one piece; the base layer is pressed and formed using construction waste soil as raw material, and the surface of the base layer is pressed into honeycomb-shaped pits; the grass seed layer is pressed and formed using a grass seed composite material as raw material, and the grass seed composite material is composed of grass seeds, water-retaining agent, fertilizer, organic soil and construction waste soil; the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb-shaped pits.

2. The construction waste soil ecological brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the grass seeds, the water retaining agent, the fertilizer, the organic soil and the construction waste soil is (0.005-0.03):(0.005-0.03):(0.03-0.05):(20-60):(50-80).

3. The construction waste soil ecological brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand and gravel content of the engineering slag is less than 50%, and the diameter of the engineering slag is less than 2 cm.

4. The construction waste soil ecological brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eco-brick is a hollow structure, including a hollow part and a non-hollow part, and the periphery of the eco-brick is provided with a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure; the area of ​​the hollow part accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the eco-brick; the area of ​​the honeycomb pit accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part.

5. The construction waste soil ecological brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%; the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%.

6. The construction waste soil ecological brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the base layer is 9-15 cm, the depth of the honeycomb pit is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is less than the depth of the honeycomb pit.

7. A method for slope protection using ecological bricks made of engineering slag, characterized in that: The slope protection method comprises: S1. Screening of construction waste; S2. Preparing a grass seed composite material; the grass seed composite material comprises grass seeds, a water retaining agent, a fertilizer, organic soil, and construction waste soil, wherein the weight ratio of the grass seeds, the water retaining agent, the fertilizer, the organic soil, and the construction waste soil is (0.005-0.03):(0.005-0.03):(0.03-0.05):(20-60):(50-80); S3. Prepare eco-bricks using a brick-making machine, wherein the eco-bricks are integrally formed by pressing a base layer and a grass seed layer, wherein the base layer is pressed and formed using the construction waste soil as a raw material, and the grass seed layer is pressed and formed using the grass seed composite material; the eco-bricks are hollow structures, including hollow portions and non-hollow portions, and the periphery of the eco-bricks is provided with a concave-convex mortise and tenon structure, wherein the area of ​​the hollow portion accounts for 30-50% of the area of ​​the eco-brick; S4, cleaning the slope to be processed, laying the eco-bricks on the slope to be processed, and connecting and fixing any two adjacent eco-bricks by the concave-convex mortise and tenon structure; S5, sowing the grass seed composite material so that the grass seed composite material is placed in the hollow portion; S6. Carry out watering and maintenance regularly until the slope vegetation becomes localized.

8. The method for slope protection using ecological engineering waste bricks according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the sand and gravel content in the construction waste soil is less than 50%, and the diameter of the construction waste soil is less than 2 cm.

9. The method for slope protection using ecological bricks made of construction waste soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the surface of the base layer is pressed into a honeycomb-shaped pit, and the grass seed layer is embedded in the honeycomb pit; the area of ​​the honeycomb pit accounts for 50-60% of the area of ​​the non-hollow part, the depth of the honeycomb pit is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of the grass seed layer is less than the depth of the honeycomb pit.

10. The method for slope protection using ecological bricks made of construction waste soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compaction degree of the base layer is ≥90%; the compaction degree of the grass seed layer is 80-85%.

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