High-pressure pump valve structure of descaling device
By designing a split discharge valve core in the high-pressure pump valve structure and utilizing the fluid dynamics of the hollow cavity and compensation hole, the valve core head can be self-polished, solving the problem of reduced surface smoothness of the discharge valve core and ensuring the sealing effect and service life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510690702.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
In the high-pressure pump and valve structure, the surface smoothness of the discharge valve core decreases, affecting the sealing effect, resulting in leakage and shortened service life.
A high-pressure pump valve structure for a descaling device was designed. The structure adopted a split-type discharge valve core. The valve core head and the valve core rod were laser welded. An axial hollow cavity and a compensation hole were provided inside. The self-polishing and sealing of the valve core head were achieved through the preload stroke of the spring and the action of fluid dynamics.
The sealing effect between the discharge valve core and the high-pressure valve seat is effectively maintained, which prolongs the service life of the valve structure and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120667361A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steel descaling devices and relates to a high-pressure pump valve structure of a descaling device. Background Art
[0002] During the hot-rolling process, high-temperature oxidation forms a dense layer of iron oxide (scale) on the steel surface, reaching a thickness of 50-200μm. Traditional descaling processes rely on a combination of mechanical descaling (rolling) and pickling, but suffer from low efficiency (processing speeds <3m / s), acid contamination, and residual surface microcracks. In the 1970s, as continuous rolling line speeds exceeded 10m / s, high-pressure water jet technology became the mainstream solution due to its environmental and efficiency advantages. This technology pressurizes water to 150-420MPa and forms a supersonic jet (Mach number ≥ 2) through a precision nozzle. This water wedge effect strips away the oxide layer, increasing descaling efficiency to 15-30m / s while minimizing damage to the metal substrate (substrate loss rate <0.5%).
[0003] The high-pressure pump is the core power source of the water jet system. Its development has undergone an iteration from plunger pumps to ultra-high-pressure pump groups. Early single-cylinder plunger pumps were limited by material strength (carbon steel plunger life <500h) and sealing technology, and the operating pressure remained below 100MPa for a long time. In the 1990s, the application of ceramic-coated plungers (zirconia-based composite materials) and multi-layer carbide valve groups increased the pump body's pressure bearing capacity to over 300MPa and extended its service life to over 8000h. The introduction of variable frequency speed regulation technology and multi-pump parallel design in the 21st century has achieved dynamic pressure-flow regulation (regulation accuracy ±0.5MPa), matching the process requirements of different rolling speeds (5-25m / s) and steel grades (carbon steel, stainless steel), and reducing energy consumption by 30%-40%.
[0004] The discharge valve core of the high-pressure pump is a key component for sealing the discharge chamber. Due to long-term use, the oil impacts the surface of the discharge valve core, which can easily cause the surface smoothness of the discharge valve core to decrease, affecting the sealing effect between the discharge valve core and the high-pressure valve seat. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and to provide a high-pressure pump valve structure for a descaling device.
[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-pressure pump valve structure of a descaling device includes a high-pressure valve seat, a liquid inlet pipe, a compression chamber, a pump rod, a liquid discharge chamber, a liquid discharge valve core and a liquid discharge pipe. The compression chamber is arranged on one side of the high-pressure valve seat, and the liquid discharge chamber is arranged on the other side of the high-pressure valve seat. A penetrating high-pressure valve hole is arranged on the high-pressure valve seat. One end of the high-pressure valve hole is connected with the compression chamber, and the other end is connected with the liquid discharge chamber. The liquid inlet pipe is connected with the compression chamber, the pump rod is slidably arranged in the compression chamber, the liquid discharge pipe is connected with the liquid discharge chamber, the liquid discharge valve core is placed in the liquid discharge chamber, and the high-pressure valve seat is concave on the side in contact with the liquid discharge chamber to form a valve seat groove, and the valve seat groove is arranged around the high-pressure valve hole. The discharge valve core includes a valve core head, a valve core rod and a spring. The valve core rod is sealed and slidably arranged in the discharge cavity. The valve core head is fixed at the head end of the valve core rod. The valve core rod is provided with a hollow cavity. The head end of the hollow cavity is a blind end, and the tail end is open at the tail end of the valve core rod. One end of the spring is fixed at the tail end of the discharge cavity, and the other end passes through the hollow cavity and is fixed at the head end of the hollow cavity. The valve core rod is provided with several compensation holes symmetrically arranged along the axis of the valve core rod. The hole axis of the compensation hole does not intersect with the axis of the valve core rod. The outer side surface of the tail of the valve core rod is sealed with the side surface of the tail of the discharge cavity. The valve core head can be pressed in the valve seat groove under the elastic force of the spring to seal the high-pressure valve hole.
[0007] To optimize the above technical solutions, specific measures taken also include: A one-way valve is installed in the liquid inlet pipe. The one-way valve allows the liquid in the liquid inlet pipe to enter the compression chamber, but prevents the liquid in the compression chamber from entering the liquid inlet pipe.
[0008] The above-mentioned high-pressure pump valve structure also includes a drain valve seat, which is an annular tube structure. The drain valve seat includes a drain valve seat head end, a drain valve seat transition section and a drain valve seat tail end connected in sequence. The diameter of the drain valve seat head end is larger than the diameter of the drain valve seat tail end. The valve core head can slide in the drain valve seat head end, and the valve core head is sealed with the inner side surface of the drain valve seat head end. The valve core rod can slide and rotate in the drain valve seat tail end, and the valve core rod is sealed with the inner side surface of the drain valve seat tail end.
[0009] The drain valve seat transition section is provided with a drain valve seat liquid through hole, and the drain valve seat liquid through hole communicates the inner side and the outer side of the drain valve seat.
[0010] A sealing ring is provided between the tail end of the drain valve seat and the bottom of the drain cavity. The sealing ring can prevent liquid from passing through the gap between the tail end of the drain valve seat and the bottom of the drain cavity.
[0011] The head end of the liquid discharge valve seat is in contact and sealed cooperation with the high pressure valve seat.
[0012] The above-mentioned high-pressure valve seat, drain valve core and drain valve seat are all made of stainless steel.
[0013] The valve core rod is provided with two compensation holes symmetrically arranged along the axis of the valve core rod.
[0014] There are several liquid inlet pipes, each of which is connected to the compression chamber, and a one-way valve is installed in each liquid inlet pipe.
[0015] The surfaces of the valve seat groove and valve core head are both smooth.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a concave seat groove on the high-pressure valve seat. The valve core head of the drain valve core is pressed against the seat groove under the elastic force of the spring, sealing the high-pressure valve hole. When the high-pressure valve is in operation, flushing water enters the compression chamber through the liquid inlet pipe. The pump rod applies pressure to the compression chamber, and the high-pressure water pushes the drain valve core open, enters the liquid discharge chamber, and then enters the liquid discharge pipe through the liquid discharge chamber. During this process, the high-pressure water impacts the valve core head of the drain valve core. Long-term use can cause the surface of the valve core head to become rough, affecting the sealing performance of the valve core head. In view of this situation, the present invention further designs a hollow cavity of the valve core rod, the tail end of the hollow cavity opens at the tail end of the valve core rod, one end of the spring is fixed to the tail end of the discharge cavity, and the other end passes through the hollow cavity and is fixed to the head end of the hollow cavity. The valve core rod is provided with a plurality of compensation holes symmetrically arranged along the axis of the valve core rod, and the hole axis of the compensation hole does not intersect with the axis of the valve core rod. When high-pressure water pushes open the discharge valve core, the valve core rod moves toward the tail end, the liquid in the hollow cavity is squeezed, and the liquid flows out from the compensation hole. When the high-pressure water disappears, the discharge valve core The liquid valve core returns to its position under the action of the spring, and the hollow cavity generates suction, which in turn sucks part of the liquid from the discharge cavity into the hollow cavity. In this process, since the hole axis of the compensation hole does not intersect with the axis of the valve core rod, when the liquid enters and exits the compensation hole, a thrust that does not intersect with the axis of the valve core rod is generated on the discharge valve core, which in turn causes the discharge valve core to rotate. When the rotating valve core head contacts the valve seat groove, the valve core head and the valve seat groove grind against each other to keep the surface of the valve core head smooth, thereby ensuring the sealing effect between the discharge valve core and the high-pressure valve seat.
[0017] The present invention has a simple overall structure, and can complete the real-time grinding of the valve core head by providing a hollow cavity and a compensation hole on the valve core rod, with low cost and good effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of part A; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the discharge valve core; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the drain valve seat; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of compensation holes on the valve core rod; The accompanying drawings are marked as: high-pressure valve seat 1, high-pressure valve hole 1a, valve seat groove 1b, liquid inlet pipe 2, compression chamber 3, pump rod 4, discharge chamber 5, discharge valve core 6, valve core head 6a, valve core rod 6b, spring 6c, hollow cavity 6d, compensation hole 6e, liquid outlet pipe 7, discharge valve seat 8, discharge valve seat head end 8a, discharge valve seat transition section 8b, discharge valve seat tail end 8c, and discharge valve seat liquid through hole 8d. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Furthermore, it is also understood that, although the effort involved in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, changes in design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as an insufficiency of the content disclosed in this application.
[0021] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments unless there is a conflict.
[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The words "a", "an", "a", "the" and the like used in this application do not indicate a limit on quantity and may indicate the singular or plural. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and any variations thereof used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may also include steps or units that are not listed, or may also include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The words "connect", "connected", "coupled" and the like used in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The words "multiple" / "several" used in this application refer to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, or B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. involved in this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects.
[0023] The present invention discloses a high-pressure pump valve structure for a descaling device, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the high-pressure pump valve structure mainly includes a high-pressure valve seat 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2, a compression chamber 3, a pump rod 4, a liquid discharge chamber 5, a liquid discharge valve core 6, a liquid outlet pipe 7 and a liquid discharge valve seat 8. The high-pressure valve seat 1 is fixed horizontally, with a compression chamber 3 machined on its left end and a drainage chamber 5 on its right end. The two chambers are connected by a central high-pressure valve hole 1a (aperture 8-12mm). The right end of the valve hole is circumferentially milled to form an annular valve seat groove 1b with a depth of 0.5mm. The groove surface is mirror polished (Ra ≤ 0.2μm).
[0024] The pump rod 4 is slidably arranged in the compression chamber 3, the liquid outlet pipe 7 is connected to the liquid discharge chamber 5, and the liquid discharge valve core 6 and the liquid discharge valve seat 8 are placed in the liquid discharge chamber 5. The drain valve core 6 is a split-piece design: the valve head 6a (15° taper) is laser-welded to the valve stem 6b (20mm diameter). An axial hollow cavity 6d (14mm diameter) is drilled inside. Two symmetrical compensation holes 6e (2mm diameter, offset 3mm from the stem axis) are located 10mm from the head. One end of a spring 6c (material: 60Si2MnA) is secured to the end cap of the drain chamber 5. The other end of the spring 6c passes through the hollow cavity 6d and is welded to the inner wall of the valve head 6a, forming an elastic reset system with a preload stroke of 15mm.
[0025] Four liquid inlet pipes 2 (DN15) are evenly distributed around the compression chamber 3, each with a built-in conical check valve (opening pressure 0.3 MPa). When the pump rod 4 returns, the check valve opens to draw in the medium; when the pump rod 4 is pressurized, the valve disc automatically closes to prevent backflow.
[0026] The head end (22mm inner diameter) of the drain valve seat 8 forms a hard seal with the end face of the high-pressure valve seat 1. Six φ5mm fluid holes are provided in the transition section. The tail end (20.5mm inner diameter) is sealed to the drain chamber 5 via an O-ring (made of fluororubber). The valve core head 6a has a clearance fit (H7 / g6) with the head end of the valve seat, and the valve core stem 6b forms a rotating seal with the tail end.
[0027] The method of using the present invention is as follows: Pressurized pushing stage: When pump rod 4 advances, the pressure in compression chamber 3 rises to 35 MPa. The high-pressure medium pushes valve core head 6a to the right by 12 mm. At this point, the hydraulic oil in hollow chamber 6d is compressed, forming a tangential jet (at a velocity of 8 m / s) through offset compensation hole 6e. This generates torque, causing valve core stem 6b to rotate at 5-8 rpm.
[0028] Pressure relief reset stage: When pump rod 4 retracts, spring 6c forces valve core head 6a to the left, sealing valve seat groove 1b. Negative pressure is generated in cavity 6d, drawing in a medium containing trace abrasive particles (particle size ≤ 10 μm) through compensation hole 6e. At the moment valve core head 6a contacts valve seat groove 1b, the rotational motion creates a micron-level grinding effect on the contact surface.
[0029] In this embodiment, the spring 6c has a stiffness coefficient of 80 N / mm.
[0030] In this embodiment, the valve core head 6a rotates 3-5 degrees per working cycle.
[0031] In this embodiment, the surface roughness is maintained by controlling the grinding amount through an online monitoring system to ensure that the Ra value of the sealing surface is stable in the range of 0.4-0.8 μm.
[0032] In this embodiment, a quick-release flange can be provided at the tail end 8c of the drain valve seat, and the valve core assembly can be quickly replaced using a hydraulic wrench.
[0033] This implementation achieves continuous self-repair of the seal pair through the coordinated design of fluid dynamics and mechanical structure. Bench tests have shown that after 2,000 hours of continuous operation, the seal performance degradation rate is 82% lower than that of traditional structures, effectively ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the high-pressure descaling system.
[0034] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-pressure pump valve structure of a descaling device, comprising a high-pressure valve seat (1), a liquid inlet pipe (2), a compression chamber (3), a pump rod (4), a liquid discharge chamber (5), a liquid discharge valve core (6) and a liquid discharge pipe (7), wherein the compression chamber (3) is arranged on one side of the high-pressure valve seat (1), and the liquid discharge chamber (5) is arranged on the other side of the high-pressure valve seat (1), and a high-pressure valve hole (1a) is provided on the high-pressure valve seat (1), one end of the high-pressure valve hole (1a) is connected to the compression chamber (3), and the other end is connected to the liquid discharge chamber (5), the liquid inlet pipe (2) is connected to the compression chamber (3), the pump rod (4) is slidably arranged in the compression chamber (3), the liquid discharge pipe (7) is connected to the liquid discharge chamber (5), and the liquid discharge valve core (6) is placed in the liquid discharge chamber (5), and the characteristics are: The high-pressure valve seat (1) is concavely formed with a valve seat groove (1b) on a side in contact with the discharge chamber (5), and the valve seat groove (1b) is arranged around the high-pressure valve hole (1a). The discharge valve core (6) includes a valve core head (6a), a valve core rod (6b) and a spring (6c). The valve core rod (6b) is sealingly slidably arranged in the discharge chamber (5), the valve core head (6a) is fixed to the head end of the valve core rod (6b), and the valve core rod (6b) is provided with a hollow cavity (6d). The head end of the hollow cavity (6d) is a blind end, and the tail end is open to the tail end of the valve core rod (6b). End, one end of the spring (6c) is fixed to the tail end of the discharge cavity (5), and the other end passes through the hollow cavity (6d) and is fixed to the head end of the hollow cavity (6d). The valve core rod (6b) is provided with a plurality of compensation holes (6e) symmetrically arranged along the axis of the valve core rod (6b). The hole axis of the compensation hole (6e) does not intersect with the axis of the valve core rod (6b). The outer side surface of the tail of the valve core rod (6b) is sealed with the side surface of the tail of the discharge cavity (5). The valve core head (6a) can be pressed into the valve seat groove (1b) under the elastic force of the spring (6c) to seal the high-pressure valve hole (1a).
2. A high-pressure pump and valve structure for a descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed in the liquid inlet pipe (2), and the one-way valve allows the liquid in the liquid inlet pipe (2) to enter the compression chamber (3), while the liquid in the compression chamber (3) cannot enter the liquid inlet pipe (2).
3. The high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure pump valve structure also includes a drain valve seat (8), the drain valve seat (8) is an annular tube structure, the drain valve seat (8) includes a drain valve seat head end (8a), a drain valve seat transition section (8b) and a drain valve seat tail end (8c) connected in sequence, the diameter of the drain valve seat head end (8a) is larger than the diameter of the drain valve seat tail end (8c), the valve core head (6a) can slide in the drain valve seat head end (8a), and the valve core head (6a) is sealed with the inner side surface of the drain valve seat head end (8a), the valve core rod (6b) can slide and rotate in the drain valve seat tail end (8c), and the valve core rod (6b) is sealed with the inner side surface of the drain valve seat tail end (8c).
4. A high-pressure pump and valve structure for a descaling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drain valve seat liquid through hole (8d) is provided on the drain valve seat transition section (8b), and the drain valve seat liquid through hole (8d) communicates the inner side and the outer side of the drain valve seat (8).
5. The high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device according to claim 4 is characterized by: A sealing ring is provided between the tail end (8c) of the drain valve seat and the bottom of the drain cavity (5), and the sealing ring can prevent liquid from passing through the gap between the tail end (8c) of the drain valve seat and the bottom of the drain cavity (5).
6. A high-pressure pump and valve structure for a descaling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drain valve seat head end (8a) contacts and seals the high-pressure valve seat (1).
7. A high-pressure pump and valve structure for a descaling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure valve seat (1), the drain valve core (6) and the drain valve seat (8) are all made of stainless steel.
8. The high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core rod (6b) is provided with two compensation holes (6e) symmetrically arranged along the axis of the valve core rod (6b).
9. The high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are several liquid inlet pipes (2), each of which is connected to the compression chamber (3), and a one-way valve is installed in each of the liquid inlet pipes (2).
10. The high-pressure pump and valve structure of a descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the valve seat groove (1b) and the valve core head (6a) are both smooth.