Construction method of silicon crystal floating bead fire-fighting smoke exhaust air pipe

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of high cost, complicated construction, insufficient fire resistance and the like of a traditional galvanized iron sheet air pipe, a silicon crystal floating bead fireproof plate (color steel on a surface layer and a sulfur-magnesium-silicon crystal floating bead composite plate of which the thickness is 14 mm and the fire resistance is more than or equal to 1 hour, the thickness is 20 mm and the inner side is less than or equal to 180 DEG C when the external part is 1000 DEG C) is adopted; the method comprises the following steps: lofting and cutting a plate, carrying out numerical control processing on an angle iron flange, assembling an F-shaped flange strip with special rubber powder into a pipe shape, arranging an inner support, positioning a cross arm by using a laser level meter for hoisting, and finally carrying out light leakage detection and fire resistance test. According to the method, construction is easy and convenient, procedures are reduced by more than 50%, the weight of the air pipe is only 60% of that of a traditional technology, comprehensive cost is reduced, the construction period is shortened, fireproof, anti-corrosion and sound insulation performance is excellent, remarkable economic benefits and social benefits are achieved, and the method is suitable for smoke prevention and exhaust systems of buildings such as basements and commercial complexes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire smoke exhaust system construction, and specifically to a fire smoke exhaust duct construction method using silicon crystal floating bead fireproof panels, which is suitable for the installation of fire smoke exhaust systems in buildings such as basements and commercial complexes. Background Art

[0002] At present, fire smoke exhaust duct systems play a key role in building fire safety. The current mainstream technology mostly uses galvanized iron ducts. However, traditional galvanized iron ducts have exposed many defects in actual application:

[0003] The continued rise in steel prices in recent years has significantly increased the cost of manufacturing galvanized steel ductwork. Furthermore, the need for additional insulation after installation involves multiple, tedious steps, which not only prolongs the construction period but also creates operational difficulties for workers and makes on-site quality control challenging, leading to high subsequent maintenance costs.

[0004] Galvanized iron sheet air ducts have a low inherent fire resistance limit and require additional fire prevention measures (such as fire retardant coatings or wrapping layers) to meet regulatory requirements. In addition, they have a high thermal conductivity coefficient, which can easily cause the temperature inside the air duct to exceed the standard in high-temperature environments, making it impossible to effectively guarantee thermal insulation performance. In humid environments such as basements, galvanized steel sheets are prone to corrosion and rust, affecting the stability of the air duct structure. Traditional materials lack sound insulation and noise reduction functions, and are prone to resonance and noise pollution during operation. Traditional air ducts are heavy, and the support and hanging systems are complex. Lifting equipment must be frequently used during installation, increasing construction risks and costs. The production process of galvanized steel sheets consumes a lot of energy, and some insulation materials used in traditional processes may contain harmful substances, which is not in line with the development trend of green buildings. Later maintenance requires frequent disassembly of the insulation layer, further increasing resource waste.

[0005] In the existing technology, although some alternative materials (such as traditional inorganic fireproof boards) have attempted to solve the above problems, they generally have defects such as short fire resistance time, insufficient flexural strength, and complicated construction process, making it difficult to simultaneously meet fire protection regulations, construction efficiency and comprehensive performance requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a fire smoke exhaust duct construction method based on silicon crystal floating bead fireproof panels. By optimizing the material combination and process, the technical bottlenecks of traditional ducts in fire prevention, heat insulation, construction efficiency and cost control are solved, and the construction of a "high-performance, low-energy consumption and easy-to-install" fire smoke exhaust system is realized.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Loft and cut the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board: Use the duct pipe software to decompose the duct size, and use the CNC cutting machine to cut the fireproof board into flat boards of preset shapes; use the software to decompose the size and CNC cutting to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the board, reduce manual layout errors, improve material utilization, and achieve standardized production.

[0009] S2: Angle iron flange production: Use CNC angle iron flange machine to cut and punch the angle iron, and then use CNC angle iron flange automatic welding machine to weld it into shape. After welding, clean the welding slag and spray anti-corrosion paint.

[0010] S3: Duct assembly: Insert the cut plates into the F-type flange strips, apply special glue powder inside the F-type flange strips and assemble them into a tube shape, ensuring that the contact surface between the flange and the plate is flat and the angle is right.

[0011] S4: Internal support installation: For air ducts with a width greater than 1200mm, support screws are inserted into the prefabricated holes in the plate as internal supports and fixed with gaskets and nuts; this enhances the structural bending resistance and prevents deformation of the air duct, and is suitable for the load requirements of large-size air ducts.

[0012] S5: Hoisting positioning: Use a laser level to mark the crossarm position, use a combination of wire crossarms and hangers, and fix them to the structural surface through expansion anchors. The crossarm spacing is determined according to the side length of the air duct.

[0013] S6: System debugging: Conduct light leakage detection and fire resistance performance testing to ensure that the air duct sealing and fire resistance limit meet the design requirements and reduce the risk of air leakage in the later stage.

[0014] Further description of the above solution: The density of the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board is 800kg / m 3 The duct has a flexural strength of ≥21.1MPa and a chloride ion content of ≤0.2%. The surface layer is single- or double-sided color-coated steel, and the core material is a magnesium sulfate silicon crystal floating bead composite board. This ensures its fire resistance, corrosion resistance, lightweight, and flexural strength, addressing the shortcomings of traditional galvanized iron ducts, such as insufficient fire resistance and susceptibility to corrosion.

[0015] Further description of the above scheme: The cutting error of the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board is ≤±2mm, the cut boards are classified and stacked, and the CNC cutting machine needs to be calibrated and debugged before starting work.

[0016] Further description of the above solution: When welding the angle iron flange, the weld height is ≥4mm, an air compressor is used to clean the welding slag after welding, and anti-corrosion paint is sprayed to evenly cover the weld surface.

[0017] Further description of the above solution: When the air duct is assembled, the flatness error of the flange interface is ≤4mm, and bolt holes are reserved at the flange positions at both ends to facilitate subsequent connection with the angle iron flange.

[0018] Further description of the above solution: When installing the crossarm, an infrared level is used to control the horizontality to ensure that the crossarms are on the same horizontal line, and when the air duct length is greater than 20m, an anti-sway hanger needs to be installed.

[0019] Further description of the above solution: Before the fireproof sealing tape is pasted, the flange surface needs to be cleaned, and after pasting, it is ensured that there are no blank gaps, and the fire resistance of the tape matches the fire resistance limit of the air duct.

[0020] Further description of the above solution: It also includes the finished product protection step, that is, the air duct should be handled with care during transportation, the pipe opening should be sealed to prevent dust from entering during the lifting process, and people are prohibited from climbing and colliding after installation.

[0021] Further description of the above plan: The equipment used includes CNC cutting machines, CNC angle iron flange machines, automatic welding machines, laser levels, and lifting vehicles, and the equipment must complete safety inspections and debugging before starting work.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention adopts silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board (color steel surface layer + sulfur magnesium silicon crystal floating bead core material composite), with a fire resistance exceeding 1200℃ (14mm thickness ≥1h, 20mm thickness ≥2h), and the internal temperature is constant at 180℃ when the external temperature is 1000℃, with excellent fireproof and heat-insulating properties; the material is composed of inorganic minerals, is corrosion-resistant and moisture-proof, non-radioactive, and does not deform in humid environments. The sulfur magnesium core material can absorb noise and reduce resonance, with a flexural strength ≥21.1MPa, and has both rigidity and toughness.

[0023] During construction, software and CNC equipment are used for lofting and cutting, and F-type flanges and special glue powder are used for rapid assembly. Angle iron flanges are CNC-processed, and the weight of the duct is only 60% of that of traditional processes. A laser level is used to position the crossarms, simplifying the support system and improving installation accuracy. No secondary fireproofing wrapping and insulation layer construction are required, reducing the number of steps by more than 50%, reducing overall costs and shortening construction time. Finished product protection measures avoid damage, system debugging ensures sealing and fire resistance limits, and equipment automated processing ensures quality standardization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the angle iron flange structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 An explosion diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 、 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0031] 1. Silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board; 2. F-type flange strip; 3. Angle iron flange; 4. Support screw; 5. Nut; 6. Hanger; 7. Cross arm.

[0032] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the accompanying description are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1: Loft and cut the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board 1: Use the duct software to decompose the duct size, and use the CNC cutting machine to cut the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board 1 into flat boards of preset shapes; use the software to decompose the size and CNC cutting to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the board, reduce manual layout errors, improve material utilization, and achieve standardized production.

[0037] S2: Angle iron flange 3 production: Use CNC angle iron flange machine to cut and punch the angle iron, and then use CNC angle iron flange automatic welding machine to weld it into shape. After welding, clean the welding slag and spray anti-corrosion paint.

[0038] S3: Duct assembly: Insert the cut sheet into the F-type flange strip 2, apply special glue powder inside the F-type flange strip 2, and assemble it into a tube shape, ensuring that the contact surface between the flange and the sheet is flat and the angle is right.

[0039] S4: Internal support installation: For air ducts with a width greater than 1200mm, insert support screws 4 into the prefabricated holes in the plate as internal supports and fix them with gaskets and nuts 5; this enhances the structural bending resistance and prevents deformation of the air duct, and is suitable for the load requirements of large-size air ducts.

[0040] S5: Hoisting positioning: Use a laser level to mark the position of the cross arm 7, combine the cross arm 7 with the hanger 6, and fix it to the structural surface through expansion anchors. The spacing between the cross arms 7 is determined according to the side length of the air duct.

[0041] S6: System debugging: Conduct light leakage detection and fire resistance performance testing to ensure that the air duct sealing and fire resistance limit meet the design requirements and reduce the risk of air leakage in the later stage.

[0042] Specifically, this embodiment takes a fire smoke exhaust system project of an underground garage as an example. The total construction area of ​​the project is 50,000 square meters, with 3 underground floors and a floor height of 3.8 meters. The maximum side length of the designed smoke exhaust duct is 1800 mm, and the fire resistance limit is required to be ≥ 2 hours. A 20 mm thick silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board 1 is used as the main material, and the thickness of the double-sided color steel surface layer is 0.6 mm. The density of the core material sulfur magnesium silicon crystal floating bead composite board is 800 kg / m 3 , with a flexural strength of 21.1 MPa and a chloride ion content of 0.15%, meeting the GB51251-2017 standard. Before construction, the CNC cutting machine, CNC angle iron flange machine, and other equipment were calibrated and debugged to ensure that the CNC cutting machine's cutting error was ≤±2mm, the angle iron flange machine's cutting length error was ±2mm, and the bolt hole spacing error was ±1.5mm.

[0043] During construction, the smoke exhaust system is first designed in-depth using duct software. Based on the design drawings, the silicon crystal float bead fireproof board 1 is cut into flat panels of a preset shape using a CNC cutting machine. For example, an 1800mm duct is broken down into two 1800×3000mm top panels and two 300×3000mm side panels. After cutting, the panels are neatly sorted and stacked. Next, the angle iron flange 3 is fabricated. A CNC angle iron flange machine is used to cut and punch the L40×4mm galvanized angle iron. The angle iron flange 3 is then welded using a CNC angle iron flange automatic welding machine. The weld height is ≥4mm. After welding, an air compressor is used to clean the welding slag, and anti-corrosion paint is evenly sprayed over the weld surface.

[0044] During the air duct assembly process, the cut plates are inserted into the F-type flange strip 2, which is made of galvanized steel plate. Before insertion, apply an appropriate amount of special glue powder into the F-type flange strip 2, and then assemble them into a tube shape in sequence. Use a flat plate to flatten the contact surface between the flange strip and the plate to maintain a beautiful right angle. The flatness error of the flange interface is controlled to ≤4mm, and it is fixed with dovetail self-tapping screws at intervals of about 10cm. The flange positions at both ends are left empty for subsequent connection with the angle iron flange 3. After insertion, fix the screws and apply fireproof sealing tape on the flange mouth. Clean the flange surface before pasting to ensure that the tape is firmly pasted without blank gaps, and that the fire resistance of the tape matches the fire resistance limit of the air duct.

[0045] For air ducts with a width greater than 1200mm, internal support installation is required. Before installing the plate, pre-drill a Φ10mm hole. Determine the length of the 10mm diameter support screw 4 according to the height of the air duct and cut it. Align the support screw 4 with the hole in the plate and insert it. Fix the support screw 4 with a gasket and an M10 nut 5 to ensure that the support screw 4 is perpendicular to the plate and firmly fixed.

[0046] During hoisting positioning, use a laser level to measure the construction area, mark the positioning points on the wall or ceiling, cut the Φ10mm threaded hanger 6 and the L30×3mm threaded crossarm 7 according to the layout size, weld the crossarm 7 to the hanger 6 firmly and paint them silver, drill and clean the holes at the marked positions, and then insert M10 expansion anchor bolts. Use an infrared level to control the quality to ensure that the threaded crossarm 7 is on the same horizontal line. It can be fixed with nuts 5. When the duct length is greater than 20m, make an anti-sway hanger.

[0047] Install the prepared smoke exhaust duct. After determining the position and connection method of the duct, use special tools and accessories to fix the duct under the ceiling. Then connect each duct through the angle iron flange 3 according to the design requirements. Use sealing tape or special connectors to seal and fix the interface to ensure a tight connection.

[0048] After the installation is completed, debugging and testing are carried out to check whether the air duct connection is firm, whether there is any leakage, blockage, etc., and light leakage detection and fire resistance performance test are carried out to ensure that the air duct sealing and fire resistance limit meet the design requirements. For example, when the external temperature reaches 1000℃, the temperature inside the air duct must be kept constant within 180℃.

[0049] During the construction process, attention should be paid to the protection of finished products. During the second handling, check whether the internal support is damaged and the surface is scratched. Handle the equipment with care during loading and unloading, and do not drag it on the ground to avoid bumps and trips. During the lifting process, use plastic film to seal the unconnected parts and upwind vents at both ends of the air duct to prevent dust from entering. After installation, people are prohibited from climbing or colliding.

[0050] In terms of quality control, current national standards, such as the "Technical Standards for Building Smoke Exhaust Systems," are adhered to. All pipe supports, hangers, and brackets are galvanized for corrosion protection, and fasteners are galvanized. No gas cutting or burning is required during cutting or drilling. Duct crossarms (7) use Φ10mm thread, and galvanized square steel of appropriate specifications is selected based on the long side of the duct. The maximum allowable spacing between fireproof and smoke exhaust duct hangers does not exceed 2000mm. For each duct length exceeding 20 meters, anti-sway hangers are manufactured. Ducts are pre-assembled according to serial number before installation. Flexible connectors are installed when ducts pass through structural expansion joints. Self-tapping screws of appropriate length and specifications are used for fasteners, and they should be tightened perpendicular to the panel surface to prevent duct deformation.

[0051] Silicon crystal floating bead fireproof air duct has obvious advantages over traditional galvanized iron air duct. Taking the production and installation of air duct with a long side length of 1000mm as an example, the labor and material cost of silicon crystal floating bead fireproof air duct is 131 yuan per square meter, while the traditional galvanized iron air duct is 168 yuan, saving 37 yuan per square meter. In addition, the construction process is simple, the technology is advanced, the sealing performance is good, the appearance is beautiful, and it can pass the pressure test in one time without air leakage or light leakage. It has great promotion and application value.

[0052] Other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the present invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0053] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Lofting and cutting the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board (1): using the air duct software to decompose the air duct size, and cutting the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board (1) into flat blocks of a preset shape by a CNC cutting machine; S2: Angle iron flange (3) production: use a CNC angle iron flange machine to cut and punch the angle iron, and then use a CNC angle iron flange automatic welding machine to weld it into an angle iron flange (3) and an F-type flange strip (2). After welding, clean the welding slag and spray anti-corrosion paint; S3: Duct assembly: insert the cut plate into the F-shaped flange strip (2), apply special glue powder inside the F-shaped flange strip (2) and assemble into a tube shape, ensuring that the contact surface between the flange strip and the plate is flat and the included angle is a right angle, install the angle iron flange (3) at the end of the tube shape, connect and fix the segmented ventilation ducts through the angle iron flange (3), and set the angle iron flange (3) between the ventilation ducts with fireproof sealing tape; S4: Installation of internal support screw (4): For air ducts with a width greater than 1200 mm, insert support screw (4) into the prefabricated holes in the plate as internal support and fix it with gaskets and nuts (5); S5: Hoisting and positioning: Use a laser level to mark the position of the cross arm (7), use a combination of the hanger (6) and the cross arm (7), and fix it to the structural surface through expansion anchors. The spacing between the cross arms (7) is determined according to the side length of the air duct; S6: System debugging: Conduct light leakage detection and fire resistance performance test to ensure that the air duct sealing and fire resistance limit meet the design requirements.

2. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board (1) is 800kg / m 3 , flexural strength ≥21.1MPa, chloride ion content ≤0.2%, the surface layer is single-sided or double-sided color steel, and the core material is sulfur magnesium silicon crystal floating bead composite board.

3. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting error of the silicon crystal floating bead fireproof board (1) is ≤±2mm, the cut boards are classified and stacked, and the CNC cutting machine tool needs to be calibrated and debugged before starting work.

4. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the angle iron flange (3) is welded, the weld height is ≥4mm, and after welding, the welding slag is cleaned with an air compressor, and the anti-corrosion paint is sprayed to evenly cover the weld surface.

5. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the air duct is assembled, the interface flatness error of the angle iron flange (3) is ≤4mm, and bolt holes are reserved at the flange positions at both ends to facilitate subsequent insertion and connection with the angle iron flange (3).

6. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cross arm (7) is installed, an infrared level meter is used to control the horizontality to ensure that the cross arm (7) is on the same horizontal line, and when the air duct length is greater than 20m, an anti-sway hanger needs to be installed.

7. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the fireproof sealing tape is pasted, the surface of the angle iron flange (3) needs to be cleaned, and after pasting, it is ensured that there are no blank gaps, and the fire resistance of the tape matches the fire resistance limit of the air duct.

8. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes steps to protect the finished product, that is, the air duct should be handled with care during transportation, the pipe opening should be sealed to prevent dust from entering during lifting, and people are prohibited from climbing or bumping into it after installation.

9. The method for constructing a silicon crystal floating bead fire smoke exhaust duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment used includes CNC cutting machines, CNC angle iron flange machines, automatic welding machines, laser levels, and lifting vehicles, and the equipment must complete safety inspections and debugging before starting work.

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