Biological adhesion prevention underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological investigation

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-bioadhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological investigation. The anti-bioadhesion underwater sample collection device comprises a ship body and a collection assembly, the ship body is provided with a supporting frame, and a lifting assembly and two sets of clamping pieces on the supporting frame are used for controlling the collecting assembly to ascend, descend and be fixed. The collecting assembly is composed of a collecting head, a first-stage pipe and a second-stage pipe, the two ends of the first-stage pipe are connected with the collecting head and the second-stage pipe respectively, and the collecting head is arranged in an output pipeline at the bottom of the ship body in a penetrating mode; each of the first-stage pipe and the second-stage pipe is composed of a communicating pipe and two groups of outer pipes, each outer pipe is provided with an air inlet cavity and an air outlet hole, a first channel and the air inlet hole in the communicating pipe are connected with a connecting piece, and a duckbill valve is arranged on the connecting piece; a control part on the ship body comprises a first storage battery, a main control module and a plurality of groups of air pumps; the device supplies air through the air pump, the air forms bubbles through the channel and the air holes to wash the pipe wall, and biological adhesion is avoided; the lifting assembly is matched with the clamping piece, flexible installation and depth adjustment of the collecting assembly are achieved, and the collecting requirements of samples in different water areas are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sample collection, in particular to an underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological investigation and preventing biological adhesion. Background Art

[0002] In fishery ecological surveys, underwater sample collection devices are widely used to collect samples of water, bottom mud, etc. to analyze the fishery ecological environment; however, existing underwater sample collection devices face serious biological adhesion problems during long-term use.

[0003] When using a collection device, in order to ensure that the collection device can reach the bottom of the water, multiple sets of extension tubes are often added to achieve this. As a result, microorganisms, algae, shellfish and other organisms in the water body will gradually adhere to the surface of the extension tubes, forming biofilms or deposits, which will not only increase the operating resistance of the device, affect its lifting and sampling accuracy, but may also cause sample contamination and interfere with the reliability of ecological survey data; however, traditional collection devices do not have effective anti-biological adhesion, making it impossible to actively take anti-adhesion measures when extending into the water, resulting in serious biological adhesion, affecting the service life of the sampling device and the accuracy of the sampling data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, in combination with the first aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological surveys that prevents biological adhesion, the device comprising: A device for collecting underwater samples for fishery ecological surveys that prevents bioadhesion, comprising a vessel body and a collection assembly. The vessel body is provided with a support frame, the support frame being provided with a lifting assembly for lifting the collection assembly and two sets of clamping members, the collection assembly being clamped within the lifting assembly and between the two sets of clamping members. The collection assembly includes a collection head, a primary tube, and a secondary tube. The two ends of the primary tube are connected to the collection head and the secondary tube respectively. An output pipe is provided at the bottom of the vessel body, and the collection head is inserted into the output pipe. Each of the primary and secondary tubes includes a connecting tube and two sets of outer tubes wrapping the connecting tube. The outer tubes are provided with multiple sets of air inlet cavities and multiple sets of air outlet holes extending therethrough on the outer sides. The connecting tubes are provided with multiple sets of first channels. Both sides of the connecting tubes are provided with multiple sets of air inlet holes extending therethrough and communicating with the first channels. Connectors are connected to the air inlet holes and the multiple sets of air inlet cavities, and a duckbill valve is provided on the connectors. The boat body is also provided with a control unit, which includes a first storage battery, a main control module and a plurality of air pumps.

[0005] According to a preferred embodiment, the support frame is provided with an installation area and a conveying area, the connection between the primary tube and the secondary tube is located in the installation area, and the connection between the primary tube and the collection head is located in the installation area; The lifting assembly includes two sets of first electric cylinders and a supporting cross plate. The two sets of first electric cylinders are symmetrically mounted on the support frame. The supporting cross plate is connected to the shaft ends of the two sets of first electric cylinders. A conveying path is formed between the installation area and the conveying area. The supporting cross plate is located in the installation area and is moved in the conveying path by the two sets of first electric cylinders. The center of the supporting horizontal plate is set as a clamping part, and two groups of clamping plates are set in the clamping part. The secondary tube is passed through the clamping part and clamped between the two groups of clamping plates.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment, the supporting horizontal plate is provided with two sets of sliding platforms, the sliding platforms are provided with sliding frames, the sliding frames are provided with sliding rods, a connecting plate is provided on one side of the clamping plate, and one end of the connecting plate is sleeved on the sliding rod, so that the clamping plate is slidably connected to the sliding platform; A rotating pressing plate is provided on the sliding platform, a plurality of sets of spring plates are provided between the pressing plate and the sliding platform, and a second electric cylinder is provided above the pressing plate, a pressing block is provided at the shaft end of the second electric cylinder, and the second electric cylinder presses the pressing plate through the pressing block to form a squeezed state and a free state; A pressing tube is sleeved on the sliding rod, and a connecting rod is provided under the pressing plate. Both ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the pressing plate and the pressing tube respectively. A contact tube is provided on the connecting plate, and the contact tube is sleeved on the sliding rod. One end of the pressing tube is in contact with the contact tube.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, hydraulic rods are provided on both sides of the sliding frame, and limit plates are provided on both sides of the connecting plate, and the shaft ends of the hydraulic rods are connected to the limit plates; When in the extrusion state, the pressing block contacts the clamping plate, the clamping plate is parallel to the sliding table, the spring piece is squeezed, the pressing tube contacts the contact tube, the pressing tube presses against the contact tube, the clamping plate moves, and the distance between the two sets of clamping plates is reduced, thereby clamping the diode; When in a free state, the pressing block is in contact with the clamping plate, a 45° angle is formed between the clamping plate and the sliding table, the spring piece is restored, the pressing tube is not in contact with the contact tube, the clamping plate is moved by the hydraulic rod, the distance between the two groups of clamping plates is enlarged, and the clamping of the diode is released.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, a first pressing plate and multiple groups of second pressing plates are provided on the inner side of the clamping plate. The multiple groups of second pressing plates are symmetrically distributed with the first pressing plate as the center line and are arranged in an arc shape along the clamping plate. An arc surface is formed between the multiple groups of second pressing plates, and the curvature of the arc surface is consistent with the curvature of the diode. The first pressing plate protrudes and forms an arc surface with multiple groups of second pressing plates, a limiting sleeve is provided on the clamping plate, a first limiting rod and multiple groups of second limiting rods are provided on one side of the first pressing plate, the first limiting rod is passed through the limiting sleeve, and a first spring is provided in the limiting sleeve, the first limiting rod is connected to the clamping plate through the first spring, and the first pressing plate is slidably connected to the clamping plate by the elasticity of the first spring; The top surface and the bottom surface of the connecting plate are both provided with limiting members, a second spring is provided in the limiting member, and the second limiting rod passes through the clamping plate and is located at the open end of the limiting member.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, multiple groups of connecting frames are provided on the inner side of the clamping plate, and the connecting frames are rotatably connected to the second pressing plate. Two groups of second springs are provided on one side of the second pressing plate, and one end of the second spring is connected to the clamping plate. The multiple groups of second pressing plates can better fit the surface of the diode through the second spring arrangement; When the diode is clamped, the diode first squeezes the first clamping plate, and the first limiting rod squeezes the first spring. At the same time, the second limiting rod is inserted into the limiting rod and squeezes the second spring until the diode stops in contact with the second clamping plate. The first spring and the second spring both form a thrust on the first clamping plate through elasticity, forming a stepped resistance structure.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the collection head includes a collection sleeve and a sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve is installed on the top of the collection sleeve to form a sealed chamber. A third electric cylinder, a secondary control module, and a second battery are provided in the sealed chamber. The secondary control module is wirelessly connected to the main control module. A connecting bracket is provided at the shaft end of the third electric cylinder. Multiple groups of gathering plates are rotatably provided at the bottom of the collection sleeve. The gathering plates are conical in shape and form a claw-like structure by being rotatably connected to the collection sleeve. One side of the gathering plate is connected to the connecting bracket through a connecting structure, and the gathering state and the separation state are formed between multiple groups of the gathering plates by extending and retracting the third electric cylinder. When in the gathering state, a collection cavity is formed, and the soil sample is located in the collection cavity.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a connecting groove is formed on the top of the sealing sleeve and one end of the connecting pipe. A connecting block is provided at the other end of the connecting pipe. The connecting block is clamped in the connecting groove and connected by multiple sets of bolts. The primary pipe is connected to the secondary pipe and the sealing sleeve through the connecting pipe. One end of the first channel in the connecting pipe of the primary pipe is closed, and both ends of the first channel in the connecting pipe of the secondary pipe are connected. When the connecting pipe of the primary pipe is connected to the connecting pipe of the secondary pipe, the two groups of first channels are connected to each other. The connecting pipe has multiple sets of second channels. The second channels in the primary pipe are connected to the first channels and are also closed at one end. The second channels in the secondary pipe are connected at both ends. According to a preferred embodiment, a storage box is provided on the vessel body, a storage bracket is provided in the storage box, and multiple groups of the diodes are clamped in the storage bracket. The number of the diodes in the lifting assembly is increased according to usage needs, wherein one group of the air pumps is connected to multiple groups of the first channels in the uppermost diodes through air pipes, and another group of the air pumps is connected to multiple groups of the second channels.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the secondary pipe clamp is provided in the clamping assembly, and the primary pipe clamp is provided between the two groups of the clamping members; When the clamping assembly is in a clamping state for the secondary tube, the two groups of clamping members are in a clamping state or a loose state for the primary tube; When the clamping assembly is in a relaxed state with respect to the secondary tube, the two groups of clamping members are in a clamped state with respect to the primary tube.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This device forms an air path system by opening air outlets on the outer tubes of the primary and secondary tubes, and utilizing the first channel, air inlet and duckbill valve in the connecting piece in the connecting tube. When the air pump is working, the gas enters the air inlet cavity of the outer tube through the first channel and the air inlet, and then continuously releases bubbles to the outside of the tube body through the air outlet. The microjets generated when the bubbles burst on the surface of the tube body can effectively flush away attached microorganisms, algae and other organisms, preventing them from forming biofilms on the tube wall. At the same time, the continuous bubble flow forms a dynamic water layer around the tube body, increasing the resistance to biological adhesion and achieving the effect of active anti-biological adhesion. Compared with traditional devices, this structure does not rely on easily worn coatings or complex mechanical scraping components. The attached organisms can be removed in real time through the dynamic flushing of bubbles, which significantly reduces the operating resistance of the device, avoids sample contamination and improves the reliability of ecological survey data. In addition, the air path system can adjust the frequency of bubble generation according to the biological density in the water area to adapt to the anti-adhesion needs of different environments.

[0014] 2. The lifting assembly of the device drives the supporting cross plate to move within the conveying path through two groups of first electric cylinders. In conjunction with the two groups of clamping plates and the elastic clamping structure of the clamping part, the lifting and fixing of the primary and secondary tubes can be achieved. The first clamping plate on the inner side of the clamping plate and the multiple groups of second clamping plates form an adaptive clamping through a stepped spring structure, which can not only fit tightly to the surface of the tube body, but also avoid damage to the tube body caused by hard squeezing. At the same time, the elastic structure can buffer the impact of water flow during the lifting process of the device to ensure the stability of the tube body. The gathering plate of the collection head is controlled to open and close by the third electric cylinder to form a claw-shaped collection chamber, which is convenient for the gathering and collection of underwater soil samples. The auxiliary control module in the sealing sleeve is wirelessly connected to the main control module, which can adjust the collection action and the working status of the air pump in real time. In addition, the setting of the storage box and storage bracket facilitates the storage and on-demand splicing of the secondary tubes. The air pump is connected to the first channel and the second channel of the multi-stage tube body through the air pipe, which can achieve full coverage of the bubble anti-adhesion function of the long pipe. The overall structure not only solves the problem of biological adhesion, but also improves the sampling efficiency through modular design, ensuring the operation stability and data accuracy of the device in different water depth environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the present invention is disassembled; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the lifting components are disassembled; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the clamping plate; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area a in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area b in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the acquisition head is split; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the first-level tube is disassembled; Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the primary tube; Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A local enlarged view of the middle c area; Figure 11 This is the principle block diagram of the main control module.

[0016] In the figure, the corresponding relationship between component names and reference numerals is as follows: 11. Ship body; 12. Output pipe; 13. Connector; 14. Storage box; 15. Storage bracket; 21. Support frame; 22. Clamping piece; 31. Connecting pipe; 32. Outer pipe; 33. Air outlet; 34. First channel; 35. Air inlet; 401. First electric cylinder; 402. Support cross plate; 403. Clamping plate; 404. Sliding table; 405. Sliding frame; 406. Sliding rod; 407. Connecting plate; 408. Pressing plate; 409. Shrapnel; 410. Second electric cylinder Cylinder; 411, pressing block; 412, pressing tube; 413, connecting rod; 414, contact tube; 415, hydraulic rod; 51, first pressing plate; 52, second pressing plate; 53, limiting sleeve; 54, first limiting rod; 55, second limiting rod; 56, limiting member; 57, connecting frame; 61, collecting sleeve; 62, sealing sleeve; 63, third electric cylinder; 64, connecting bracket; 65, gathering plate; 66, connecting groove; 67, connecting block; 68, second channel; 71, control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings; like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides an underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological surveys that is resistant to bioadhesion. The device consists of a vessel body 11 and a collection assembly, which work together to complete underwater sample collection. The vessel body 11 serves as the carrier of the entire device, providing support and a mounting base for other components. The vessel body 11 can be driven by conventional methods, such as propeller drive, where the engine drives the propeller to rotate and generate thrust, or water jet propulsion, where the reaction force of the water jet is used to achieve navigation. A support frame 21 is located above the vessel body, which plays a key role. Mounted on this support frame are a lifting assembly and two sets of clamps 22 for raising and lowering the collection assembly. The lifting assembly can drive the collection assembly to move vertically, enabling the collection assembly to enter and exit the water. The two sets of clamps 22 are responsible for firmly securing the collection assembly within the lifting assembly, ensuring that the collection assembly remains stable during operation and does not shake or shift.

[0018] The collection assembly is the core component for sample collection. It includes a collection head, a primary tube, and a secondary tube. The primary tube is connected to the collection head and secondary tube at both ends, forming a channel for sample transmission. Furthermore, an output pipe 12 is provided at the bottom of the vessel body 11. The collection head is inserted into this pipe. This arrangement allows the collection head to smoothly extend out of the hull and reach the target underwater area for sample collection. Furthermore, the rational design of the output pipe 12 prevents water leakage while the vessel body 11 is drifting.

[0019] The construction of the primary and secondary tubes plays a crucial role in achieving the anti-biological adhesion function. They each consist of a connecting tube 31 and two sets of outer tubes 32 surrounding the connecting tube 31. The outer tubes 32 have multiple air inlet cavities within them and multiple air outlet holes 33 extending through them. The connecting tube 31 has multiple first channels 34 within it, with multiple air inlet holes 35 on either side, both of which are connected to the first channels 34. Connecting piece 13 connects to the air inlet holes 35 and the multiple air inlet cavities. A duckbill valve installed on the connector prevents water from backflowing into the air system. When the air pump of the control unit 71 is operating, gas enters the air inlet cavity of the outer tube 32 through the first channels 34 and air inlet holes 35, ultimately releasing bubbles to the outside of the tube through the air outlet holes 33. These bubbles flush microorganisms, algae, and other organisms from the tube surface. Simultaneously, the continuously generated bubbles form a dynamic air curtain on the outer wall of the tube, blocking suspended shellfish larvae and plankton, making it difficult for them to adhere to the outer wall and thus reducing the possibility of biological adhesion in many ways.

[0020] The vessel body 11 also features a control unit 71, which includes a first battery, a main control module, and multiple air pumps. The first battery provides power for the entire system, while the main control module coordinates and controls the various components. The multiple air pumps power the bubble generation, ensuring the continuous operation of the anti-biofouling function. The main control module can be an FX5U-32MR / ES control module.

[0021] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the support frame 21 occupies an important position in the entire underwater sample collection device, and its surface is divided into an installation area and a conveying area. Before use, the operator first connects the primary tube to the collection head. As a key connection area, the installation area plays a dual role: first, it is the location where the secondary tubes are assembled with the primary tube, so that the collection component can be extended in length; second, the mutual splicing between multiple groups of secondary tubes is also completed here, and through the cooperation of components such as the connecting tube 31, the connecting block 67 and the connecting groove 66, a longer collection pipeline is formed. In general, the installation area is to facilitate the assembly and splicing of the various parts of the collection component, so that the primary tube, secondary tube and collection head are combined into a complete structure, preparing for deep underwater sample collection. The conveying area provides a water inlet channel for the assembled collection component, and drives it to move through the lifting component, so that it can smoothly reach the underwater target position.

[0022] The conveying area is the channel for the collection component to enter the water. When the primary tube, secondary tube and collection head are assembled, the two sets of first electric cylinders 401 in the lifting assembly drive the supporting cross plate 402 to move, and the assembled collection head, primary tube and spliced ​​secondary tube are smoothly sent into the water along the conveying area, allowing the collection component to smoothly reach the designated underwater position for sample collection. The whole process is smooth and efficient, ensuring the smooth progress of the collection operation.

[0023] The lifting assembly, the core component for lifting the collection assembly, consists of two sets of first electric cylinders 401 and a support cross plate 402. The two sets of first electric cylinders 401 are symmetrically mounted on the support frame 21. This symmetrical mounting ensures balance during the lifting process, preventing tilting or instability. The support cross plate 402 is connected to the shaft ends of the two sets of first electric cylinders 401. When the first electric cylinders 401 are in operation, they can drive the support cross plate 402 along the conveying path formed between the installation area and the conveying area. During this process, the support cross plate 402 can move freely within the installation area, rising or lowering through the expansion and contraction of the first electric cylinders 401, thereby meeting the needs of underwater sample collection at different depths.

[0024] The center of the support plate 402 is provided with a clamping portion, which is equipped with two sets of clamping plates 403. The diode is inserted into the clamping portion and clamped between the two sets of clamping plates 403. When the diode needs to be fixed, the two sets of clamping plates 403 can apply a certain force to the diode to firmly clamp it, ensuring that the diode will not loosen or fall off during the collection process.

[0025] During use, the two sets of clamping plates 403 within the clamping portion of the support cross plate 402 are first activated. The second electric cylinder 410 then drives the pressing block 411 downward to press the pressing plate 408, causing the spring 409 to deform and push the clamping plates 403 inward, firmly securing the diode. After confirming the diode is secure, the two sets of first electric cylinders 401 are activated, and their shaft ends drive the support cross plate 402 downward along the conveying path, smoothly conveying the diode downward.

[0026] When the diode is transported to the designated location, the two sets of clamps 22 on the support frame 21 immediately engage, clamping the diode from both sides. At this point, the second electric cylinder 410 retracts the pressing block 411, the spring 409 returns to its original position, and the two sets of clamping plates 403 release their grip on the diode. Thanks to the secure grip of the clamps 22, the collection assembly remains firmly in place, preventing it from sliding out of control.

[0027] At the same time, the first electric cylinder 401 begins to recover, driving the support plate 402 upward to its initial position, ready for the next operation. Whether it's continuing to splice and install a new diode or adjusting the depth of the collection assembly, the rapid response ensures that the entire underwater sample collection process proceeds smoothly, improving the efficiency and stability of the collection operation.

[0028] Two sets of sliding platforms 404 are mounted on the supporting cross plate 402, with a sliding frame 405 fixed to the top of each set of sliding platforms 404. A sliding rod 406 is inserted into the sliding frame 405. The sliding rod 406 is arranged horizontally to provide guidance for the movement of the clamping plate 403. A connecting plate 407 is welded to one side of the clamping plate 403. A through hole is formed at one end of the connecting plate 407. The through hole is sleeved on the sliding rod 406, allowing the clamping plate 403 to slide left and right on the sliding platform 404 along the sliding rod 406. This structural design allows the clamping plate 403 to move only in a preset direction under the constraint of the sliding rod 406, ensuring the stability of the clamping action, preventing the clamping plate 403 from deflecting or shaking during movement, and providing a reliable guide foundation for the subsequent clamping of the diode.

[0029] A rotatable pressing plate 408 is provided above the sliding platform 404, with multiple sets of spring clips 409 installed between the pressing plate 408 and the sliding platform 404. One end of the spring clip 409 is fixed to the sliding platform 404, and the other end is connected to the pressing plate 408, supporting the pressing plate 408 in its natural state. A second electric cylinder 410 is provided above the pressing plate 408, and a pressing block 411 is installed at the end of the shaft of the second electric cylinder 410. When the second electric cylinder 410 is in operation, its shaft end extends, driving the pressing block 411 to press the pressing plate 408 downward. At this time, the spring clip 409 is compressed, and the pressing plate 408 rotates downward around the rotation fulcrum, forming a squeezed state. When the second electric cylinder 410 retracts its shaft end, the pressing block 411 releases the pressing plate 408, and the spring clip 409 regains its elasticity, pushing the pressing plate 408 to rotate upward and reset, entering a free state. This structure composed of the second electric cylinder 410, the pressing block 411, the pressing plate 408 and the spring 409 controls the rotation state of the pressing plate 408 through the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder, thereby realizing the drive control of the clamping plate 403, providing a power source and the possibility of action switching for the clamping and loosening of the clamping plate 403.

[0030] A pressing tube 412 is sleeved onto the sliding rod 406, and a connecting rod 413 is connected below the pressing plate 408. The ends of the connecting rod 413 are rotatably connected to the pressing plate 408 and the pressing tube 412, respectively, so that the rotation of the pressing plate 408 is transmitted to the pressing tube 412 via the connecting rod 413. A contact tube 414 is fixed to the connecting plate 407. The contact tube 414 sleeves onto the sliding rod 406, and one end of the contact tube 414 contacts the pressing tube 412. When the pressing plate 408 rotates downward under compression, the connecting rod 413 drives the pressing tube 412 to move on the sliding rod 406. The pressing tube 412 then pushes the contact tube 414 and the connecting plate 407, causing the clamping plate 403 to slide inward, thereby clamping the diode. When the pressing plate 408 is in a free state, the spring 409 returns to its original position, driving the pressing plate 408 to rotate upward. The connecting rod 413 resets the pressing tube 412, causing the contact tube 414 and the clamping plate 403 to slide outward due to their own structure or external forces, loosening the clamping of the diode. This series of components cooperates to convert the rotation of the pressing plate 408 into the left and right sliding of the clamping plate 403, forming a complete transmission chain. This allows the control of the second electric cylinder 410 to be transmitted to the clamping plate 403, achieving the clamping and loosening operations of the diode and ensuring the effective implementation of the clamping function.

[0031] Hydraulic rods 415 are mounted on either side of the sliding frame 405. Stop plates are also installed on either side of the connecting plate 407. The ends of the hydraulic rods 415 are connected to the stop plates, creating an adjustable stop and drive system. The hydraulic rods 415 can generate thrust or pull through expansion and contraction. The stop plates act to transfer the force of the hydraulic rods 415 to the connecting plate 407, allowing the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rods 415 to move the clamping plate 403.

[0032] When the second electric cylinder 410 drives the pressing block 411 to move downward and enter the extrusion state, the pressing block 411 contacts the clamping plate 403 and applies pressure. At this time, the clamping plate 403 remains parallel to the sliding table 404 under the action of pressure, and the spring piece 409 therebetween is compressed and deformed, storing elastic potential energy. As the pressing plate 408 rotates, the pressing tube 412 moves accordingly and contacts the contact tube 414. The pressing tube 412 presses against the contact tube 414, transmitting the power of the pressing plate 408 to the connecting plate 407, thereby driving the clamping plate 403 to move inward along the sliding rod 406, and the hydraulic rod 415 will also shrink. As the two sets of clamping plates 403 continue to approach, the distance between them gradually decreases until the diode is firmly clamped. In this process, the spring piece 409 continuously provides stable pressure to ensure the clamping force of the clamping plate 403 on the diode, preventing the diode from loosening during lifting or sampling.

[0033] When the second electric cylinder 410 retracts its shaft end, the pressing block 411 separates from the clamping plate 403, and the device enters a free state. At this time, the spring 409 returns to its original state, releasing its elastic potential energy, pushing the pressing plate 408 back to its original position, and the pressing tube 412 loses contact with the contact tube 414. Without the thrust of the pressing tube 412, the clamping plate 403 is no longer driven by it. At this time, the hydraulic rod 415 begins to function. The hydraulic rod 415 recovers and pushes the limit plate through extension and contraction, thereby driving the connecting plate 407 and the clamping plate 403 to move. As the hydraulic rod 415 moves, a 45° angle is formed between the clamping plate 403 and the sliding table 404. The two sets of clamping plates 403 move outward, and the distance between them is increased, thereby releasing the clamping of the secondary tube. This allows the operator to easily replace or adjust the diode, or perform other operations on the collection assembly. The entire process relies on the hydraulic rod 415 and the spring 409 to perform the reset operation, and at the same time, cooperate with other components to achieve smooth switching between clamping and releasing actions.

[0034] A first compression plate 51 and multiple sets of second compression plates 52 are mounted inside the clamping plate 403. The multiple sets of second compression plates 52 are symmetrically distributed around the first compression plate 51 and arranged in an arc along the inside of the clamping plate 403. This arrangement creates a curved surface between the multiple sets of second compression plates 52. The curvature of this curved surface matches the curvature of the outer surface of the diode, ensuring a better fit to the outer surface of the diode.

[0035] The first pressure plate 51 protrudes from the arc surface formed by the multiple sets of second pressure plates 52. When the clamping plate 403 clamps the diode, the first pressure plate 51 will first contact the diode. A limiting sleeve 53 is provided on the clamping plate 403, and a first limiting rod 54 and multiple sets of second limiting rods 55 are installed on one side of the first pressure plate 51. The first limiting rod 54 is inserted into the limiting sleeve 53, and a first spring is provided inside the limiting sleeve 53. The first limiting rod 54 is connected to the clamping plate 403 via the first spring. With the elasticity of the first spring, the first limiting rod 54 can squeeze the first spring, thereby sliding within the limiting sleeve 53 on the clamping plate 403. This structure allows the first pressure plate 51 to adaptively adjust according to the surface shape and stress conditions of the diode after contacting it, ensuring full contact with the diode surface while avoiding excessive pressure on the diode and damage.

[0036] The top and bottom surfaces of the connecting plate 407 are both provided with limiters 56, each housing a second spring. A second limiter rod 55 extends through the clamping plate 403, its end positioned within the open end of the limiter rod 56. When the first compression plate 51 is subjected to the reaction force of the diode, the second limiter rod 55 moves within the limiter rod 56, compressing the second spring. The elasticity of the second spring provides support for the first compression plate 51, ensuring more stable operation when in contact with the diode. Furthermore, the limiters 56 restrict the range of movement of the second limiter rod 55, ensuring that the entire structure operates within its normal operating range and preventing excessive displacement or damage. The first and second springs work together to form a two-stage support structure. Because the second spring has a greater resistance than the first, when the first compression plate 51 contacts the diode, the first spring provides initial cushioning. As pressure increases, the second spring intervenes, allowing the first compression plate 51 to better conform to the diode.

[0037] Multiple sets of connecting frames 57 are installed on the inner side of the clamping plate 403. Each set of connecting frames 57 is rotatably connected to the second clamping plate 52, allowing the second clamping plate 52 to rotate a certain angle around the connection point. Two sets of second springs are set on one side of the second clamping plate 52, and one end of the second spring is connected to the clamping plate 403. This structural design allows the multiple sets of second clamping plates 52 to adaptively adjust through the elastic action of the second springs when in contact with the surface of the diode, better fitting the surface of the diode. When the second clamping plate 52 is subjected to pressure from the diode, the second spring will be compressed, generating an elastic reaction force, thereby pressing the second clamping plate 52 tightly against the surface of the diode, while not causing excessive pressure on the diode and causing damage.

[0038] When clamping a diode, it first contacts and compresses the protruding first pressure plate 51. This compression drives the first limiting rod 54 within the limiting sleeve 53, thereby compressing the first spring. Simultaneously, the second limiting rod 55 slides within the limiting member 56, compressing the second spring within the limiting member 56. As the clamping force increases, the compression of the first and second springs gradually increases, and the elastic thrust they generate also increases. Until the diode contacts the second pressure plate 52 and stops moving, both the first and second springs exert a thrust on the first pressure plate 51 through their own elasticity. Because the second spring's resistance is greater than the first, this structure creates a stepped resistance structure. In the initial stages of the clamping process, the first spring primarily provides cushioning and minimal resistance. As pressure increases, the second spring gradually takes effect, providing greater resistance. This makes the clamping process smoother, better adapting to changes in the diode's shape and size, and ensuring effective clamping of the diode.

[0039] like Figure 2 、 Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the collection head, the core component for sample collection, consists of a collection sleeve 61 and a sealing sleeve 62. The sealing sleeve 62 is mounted on top of the collection sleeve 61, forming a sealed chamber. This sealed chamber serves a crucial purpose, isolating the internal components from the surrounding water, preventing water from entering and affecting their operation. Within the sealed chamber are a third electric cylinder 63, a secondary control module, and a second battery. The second battery provides power to the entire collection head, ensuring proper function. The secondary control module is wirelessly connected to the main control module on the vessel hull 11, receiving commands from the main control module and providing feedback on the collection head's operating status, enabling remote control and status monitoring. The secondary control module utilizes an STM32F4 series microcontroller. The third electric cylinder 63 is key to driving the collection head's movements. Its shaft end is connected to a connecting bracket 64, which is driven by its telescopic motion.

[0040] Multiple groups of gathering plates 65 are rotatably provided at the bottom of the collection sleeve 61, and these gathering plates 65 are arranged in a conical shape. The conical design makes the tips of the gathering plates 65 sharp. During the sinking process of the device, it can effectively reduce the contact resistance with the bottom soil by virtue of its own shape advantage, and easily insert into the soil like a wedge. Through the rotational connection with the collection sleeve 61, the multiple groups of gathering plates 65 naturally unfold to form a claw-like structure. This structure not only facilitates insertion into the soil, but also uses the claw-like shape to expand the contact range with the soil during the insertion process, enhance the ability to grasp the soil, avoid collection failure due to unstable insertion, and create favorable conditions for subsequent sample collection.

[0041] One side of the gathering plate 65 is connected to the connecting bracket 64 via a specific connection structure. This connection allows the movement of the third electric cylinder 63 to be transmitted to the gathering plate 65. When the third electric cylinder 63 extends or retracts, the connecting bracket 64 moves accordingly, thereby pulling or pushing the gathering plate 65. Under the action of the third electric cylinder 63, multiple groups of gathering plates 65 can switch between a gathering state and a separation state. When in the separation state, the gathering plates 65 open, making it easier for the collection head to extend into the mud at the bottom of the water. When the third electric cylinder 63 retracts, it drives the connecting bracket 64 to move, causing the gathering plates 65 to move closer to each other and enter the gathering state. At this time, the gathering plates 65 enclose a collection chamber, firmly enclosing the soil sample entering the collection chamber and preventing the sample from spilling during the lifting process, thereby successfully completing the collection of underwater mud samples.

[0042] A connecting groove 66 is formed at the top of the sealing sleeve 62 and at one end of the connecting tube 31. A connecting block 67 is provided at the other end of the connecting tube 31. The connecting block 67 is sized to fit the connecting groove 66 and fits directly into it, where it is then secured with multiple sets of bolts. This connection method allows the primary pipe to be stably connected to the secondary pipe and sealing sleeve 62 via the connecting tube 31, forming a complete piping system. The bolted connection not only ensures the strength of the connection between the components, preventing them from loosening or falling off during underwater operations, but also facilitates disassembly and maintenance. When a component needs to be inspected or replaced, it can be separated by simply unscrewing the bolts.

[0043] Before using the device, the collection head, primary tube, and secondary tubes must be installed. First, the primary tube must be installed. Before using the lifting device, the collection head, primary tube, and secondary tubes must be installed. First, place the primary tube within the lifting assembly, then install the collection head at the bottom of the primary tube. Once installed, the two sets of first electric cylinders 401 within the lifting assembly are activated, driving the primary tube downward, allowing the collection head to pass into the output pipe 12. After the lifting assembly moves from the installation area to the delivery area, the two sets of clamps 22 on the support frame 21 secure the primary tube, and the lifting assembly then rises and returns to its initial position. Next, the secondary tube is installed on top of the primary tube and secured with the clamps of the lifting assembly. Once secured, the lifting assembly is activated again, and the two sets of first electric cylinders 401 drive the secondary tube downward, pushing the primary tube and collection head downward synchronously, allowing the collection head to extend beyond the bottom of the vessel hull 11. This process can be repeated by increasing the number of secondary tubes, allowing deeper underwater sample collection operations.

[0044] In the connecting tube 31 of the primary tube, one end of the first channel 34 is closed, while in the connecting tube 31 of the secondary tube, both ends of the first channel 34 are open. When the connecting tube 31 of the primary tube is connected to the connecting tube 31 of the secondary tube via the connecting groove 66 and the connecting block 67, the two sets of first channels 34 interpenetrate with each other. In this way, the originally closed first channels 34 in the primary tube and the open first channels 34 in the secondary tube form a continuous gas channel. When the air pump of the control unit 71 is connected to the first channel 34 in the topmost secondary tube via the air pipe, gas can pass through the secondary tube and the first channel 34 of the primary tube in sequence, then enter the air inlet cavity of the outer tube 32 through the air inlet hole 35, and finally release bubbles from the air outlet hole 33, realizing the anti-biological adhesion function of the entire pipeline system.

[0045] Multiple groups of second channels 68 are also provided in the connecting tube 31. The second channels 68 in the primary tube are connected to the first channel 34 and are closed at one end. The second channels 68 in the secondary tube are also connected at both ends. The second channels 68 cooperate with the first channel 34 to form a dual gas path structure. When the primary tube is connected to the secondary tube, the closed second channels 68 in the primary tube and the connected second channels 68 in the secondary tube will also be connected to each other, thereby forming a more complete gas transmission network together with the first channel 34. When another group of air pumps is connected to multiple groups of second channels 68, gas can be transmitted through the second channels 68, further increasing the amount of bubbles generated and the coverage range, and enhancing the anti-biological adhesion effect; At the same time, it also effectively avoids the problem of insufficient gas supply when the primary tube extends deeper into the water. As the number of secondary tubes increases, the collection assembly continues to extend downward, the number of air outlets 33 increases accordingly, and the number of air inlet holes 35 through which the gas passes also increases. Long-distance transportation can easily lead to insufficient gas supply in the primary tube. Through the setting of the second channel 68, the gas generated by the air pump will be directly transported to the primary tube and enter the first channel 34 through the second channel 68. The two groups of channels cooperate with each other to form a dual-path gas supply mode. Even if the number of secondary tubes increases, it can ensure that the gas is quickly and stably distributed to the pipelines at all levels. Part of the gas is transported in an orderly manner through the first channel 34, and the other part is quickly replenished through the second channel 68, ensuring that each air outlet 33 has sufficient gas to discharge, continuously flushing the tube wall and maintaining the anti-biological adhesion effect.

[0046] like Figure 2 、 3 As shown, the vessel body 11 is equipped with a storage box 14. This box 14 primarily stores spare diodes, providing storage space for the underwater sample collection device. A storage bracket 15 is mounted within the box 14. The bracket's structure matches the diode's shape, allowing multiple diodes to be directly clipped into the bracket 15. This clipping not only secures the diodes, preventing them from being damaged by collisions during navigation, but also allows operators to quickly access and store the diodes, improving the device's ease of maintenance and use.

[0047] When it is necessary to collect samples at a deeper location underwater, the number of secondary tubes in the lifting assembly can be increased according to the use requirements. By taking out the secondary tubes in the storage box 14 one by one and installing them on the lifting assembly, the overall length of the collection assembly can be extended, allowing the collection head to penetrate deeper waters. In terms of the air path system, one group of air pumps is connected to the multiple groups of first channels 34 in the uppermost secondary tube through the air pipe. The gas enters the air inlet cavity of the outer tube 32 through the first channel 34 and the air inlet 35, and then releases bubbles from the air outlet 33 to achieve anti-biological adhesion scouring of the tube surface. Another group of air pumps is connected to the multiple groups of second channels 68. The second channel 68 and the first channel 34 are interconnected to form a dual air supply structure. This design ensures that after increasing the number of secondary tubes, the air pump can still provide sufficient gas to the pipelines at all levels through the dual channels, avoiding the problem of insufficient air supply caused by the extension of the pipeline and the increase in the number of air outlet holes 33, and ensuring that the device can operate stably in different water depth environments.

[0048] In the underwater sample collection device, the secondary tube is clamped within the clamping assembly, while the primary tube is clamped between two sets of clamping members 22 on the support frame 21. The clamping assembly primarily consists of a clamping portion on the support cross plate 402, including two sets of clamping plates 403 and associated linkage structures. Its function is to precisely clamp and release the secondary tube. The two sets of clamping members 22, mounted on the support frame 21, are responsible for securing the primary tube. With a clear division of labor, the two sets of clamping members 22 work together to ensure the stability of the collection assembly.

[0049] When the clamping assembly is in a clamped state on the secondary tube, the two sets of clamping plates 403, through the linkage of the second electric cylinder 410, the pressing plate 408, and other components, move inward to firmly clamp the secondary tube. At this point, the two sets of clamping members 22 can be selected to clamp or relax the primary tube according to operational requirements. If the entire collection assembly needs to be adjusted in depth or maintain overall stability, the two sets of clamping members 22 will simultaneously clamp the primary tube, ensuring a secure connection between the primary and secondary tubes. If only fine-tuning the secondary tube position is required, or the lifting assembly is used to drive the secondary tube for local movement, the clamping members 22 will be in a relaxed state, allowing the primary tube to move with the clamping assembly to a certain extent.

[0050] When the clamping assembly is in a relaxed position against the diode, the second electric cylinder 410 retracts, and the spring 409 drives the clamping plate 403 outward to release the diode. At this point, the two sets of clamping members 22 are guaranteed to be clamped against the diode. This is because if the clamping assembly releases the diode, it could potentially wobble or shift. By firmly securing the diode, the main structure of the collection assembly is maintained stable, preventing imbalance of the entire collection assembly due to loss of the diode's restraint, and ensuring safe and reliable operation of the device at all stages of operation.

[0051] It should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the present invention and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof.

Claims

1. An underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological surveys that prevents biological adhesion, comprising a vessel body (11) and a collection component, characterized in that: The vessel body (11) is provided with a support frame (21), and a lifting assembly and two groups of clamping members (22) for lifting the collection assembly are provided on the support frame (21), and the collection assembly is clamped in the lifting assembly and between the two groups of clamping members (22); The collection component comprises a collection head, a primary tube and a secondary tube, the two ends of the primary tube are respectively connected to the collection head and the secondary tube, an output pipe (12) is provided at the bottom of the vessel body (11), and the collection head is inserted into the output pipe (12); The first-stage tube and the second-stage tube each include a connecting tube (31) and two groups of outer tubes (32) wrapping the connecting tube (31); the outer tube (32) has multiple groups of air inlet cavities formed therein and multiple groups of through-going air outlet holes (33) formed on the outer side; the connecting tube (31) has multiple groups of first channels (34) formed therein; both sides of the connecting tube (31) have multiple groups of air inlet holes (35) that are in communication with the first channels (34); a connecting piece (13) is connected to the air inlet holes (35) and the multiple groups of the air inlet cavities, and a duckbill valve is provided on the connecting piece (13); The vessel body (11) is further provided with a control unit (71), and the control unit (71) includes a first storage battery, a main control module, and a plurality of air pumps.

2. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (21) is provided with an installation area and a conveying area, the connection between the primary tube and the secondary tube is located in the installation area, and the connection between the primary tube and the collection head is located in the installation area; The lifting assembly includes two groups of first electric cylinders (401) and a supporting transverse plate (402), the two groups of the first electric cylinders (401) are symmetrically mounted on the support frame (21), the supporting transverse plate (402) is connected to the shaft ends of the two groups of the first electric cylinders (401), a conveying path is formed between the installation area and the conveying area, the supporting transverse plate (402) is located in the installation area, and moves in the conveying path through the two groups of the first electric cylinders (401); The center portion of the supporting transverse plate (402) is provided as a clamping portion, and two groups of clamping plates (403) are provided in the clamping portion. The secondary tube is passed through the clamping portion and clamped between the two groups of clamping plates (403).

3. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of sliding platforms (404) are provided on the supporting horizontal plate (402), a sliding frame (405) is provided on the sliding platform (404), a sliding rod (406) is provided in the sliding frame (405), a connecting plate (407) is provided on one side of the clamping plate (403), and one end of the connecting plate (407) is sleeved on the sliding rod (406), so that the clamping plate (403) is slidably connected to the sliding platform (404); A rotating pressing plate (408) is provided on the sliding platform (404), a plurality of spring plates (409) are provided between the pressing plate (408) and the sliding platform (404), and a second electric cylinder (410) is provided above the pressing plate (408), a pressing block (411) is provided at the shaft end of the second electric cylinder (410), and the second electric cylinder (410) presses the pressing plate (408) through the pressing block (411), forming a squeezed state and a free state. A pressing tube (412) is sleeved on the sliding rod (406), and a connecting rod (413) is provided below the pressing plate (408). Both ends of the connecting rod (413) are rotatably connected to the pressing plate (408) and the pressing tube (412), respectively. A contact tube (414) is provided on the connecting plate (407), and the contact tube (414) is sleeved on the sliding rod (406). One end of the pressing tube (412) contacts the contact tube (414).

4. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 3, characterized in that: Hydraulic rods (415) are provided on both sides of the sliding frame (405), and limiting plates are provided on both sides of the connecting plate (407), and the shaft ends of the hydraulic rods (415) are connected to the limiting plates; When in the extrusion state, the extrusion block (411) contacts the clamping plate (403), the clamping plate (403) is parallel to the sliding platform (404), the spring (409) is extruded, the pressing tube (412) contacts the contact tube (414), the pressing tube (412) presses against the contact tube (414), the clamping plate (403) moves, and the distance between the two groups of clamping plates (403) is reduced, thereby achieving clamping of the diode; When in a free state, the extrusion block (411) is separated from the clamping plate (403), a 45° angle is formed between the clamping plate (403) and the sliding platform (404), the spring (409) is restored, the pressing tube (412) and the contact tube (414) are not in contact, the clamping plate (403) is moved by the hydraulic rod (415), the distance between the two groups of clamping plates (403) is enlarged, and the clamping of the secondary tube is released.

5. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first pressing plate (51) and a plurality of second pressing plates (52) are provided on the inner side of the clamping plate (403), the plurality of second pressing plates (52) are symmetrically distributed with the first pressing plate (51) as the center line, and are arranged in an arc shape along the clamping plate (403), and an arc surface is formed between the plurality of second pressing plates (52), and the curvature of the arc surface is consistent with the curvature of the diode; The first pressing plate (51) protrudes and forms an arc surface with multiple groups of the second pressing plates (52), a limiting sleeve (53) is provided on the clamping plate (403), a first limiting rod (54) and multiple groups of second limiting rods (55) are provided on one side of the first pressing plate (51), the first limiting rod (54) is inserted into the limiting sleeve (53), and a first spring is provided in the limiting sleeve (53), the first limiting rod (54) is connected to the clamping plate (403) through the first spring, and the first pressing plate (51) is slidably connected to the clamping plate (403) through the elasticity of the first spring; A limiting member (56) is provided on both the top and bottom surfaces of the connecting plate (407), a second spring is provided in the limiting member (56), and the second limiting rod (55) passes through the clamping plate (403) and is located at the open end of the limiting member (56).

6. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting frames (57) are provided on the inner side of the clamping plate (403), and the connecting frames (57) are rotatably connected to the second pressing plate (52). Two sets of second springs are provided on one side of the second pressing plate (52), and one end of the second spring is connected to the clamping plate (403). The plurality of second pressing plates (52) can better fit the surface of the diode through the second spring arrangement; When the secondary tube is clamped, the secondary tube first squeezes the first clamping plate (51), and the first limiting rod (54) squeezes the first spring. At the same time, the second limiting rod (55) is inserted into the limiting member (56) and squeezes the second spring until the secondary tube stops in contact with the second clamping plate (52). The first spring and the second spring both form a thrust on the first clamping plate (51) through elasticity, forming a stepped resistance structure.

7. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection head includes a collection sleeve (61) and a sealing sleeve (62). The sealing sleeve (62) is installed on the top of the collection sleeve (61) to form a sealed cavity. A third electric cylinder (63), a sub-control module and a second battery are provided in the sealed cavity. The sub-control module is wirelessly connected to the main control module. A connecting bracket (64) is provided at the shaft end of the third electric cylinder (63). A plurality of gathering plates (65) are rotatably provided at the bottom of the collection sleeve (61). The gathering plates (65) are conical and form a claw-like structure by being rotatably connected to the collection sleeve (61). One side of the gathering plate (65) is connected to the connecting bracket (64) via a connecting structure, and the gathering state and the separation state are formed between the plurality of gathering plates (65) by means of the third electric cylinder (63). When in the gathering state, a collection cavity is formed, and a soil sample is located in the collection cavity.

8. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting groove (66) is provided at the top of the sealing sleeve (62) and one end of the connecting pipe (31). A connecting block (67) is provided at the other end of the connecting pipe (31). The connecting block (67) is clamped in the connecting groove (66) and connected by multiple sets of bolts. The primary pipe is connected to the secondary pipe and the sealing sleeve (62) through the connecting pipe (31). One end of the first channel (34) in the connecting pipe (31) of the primary pipe is closed, and the first channel (34) in the connecting pipe (31) of the secondary pipe is connected at both ends. When the connecting pipe (31) of the primary pipe is connected to the connecting pipe (31) of the secondary pipe, the two groups of the first channels (34) are connected to each other. The connecting pipe (31) has multiple sets of second channels (68). The second channels (68) in the first-stage pipe are connected to the first channels (34) and one end is also closed. The second channels (68) in the second-stage pipe are connected at both ends.

9. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 8, characterized in that: A storage box (14) is provided on the vessel body (11), and a storage bracket (15) is provided in the storage box (14). A plurality of groups of the secondary tubes are clamped in the storage bracket (15). The number of the secondary tubes in the lifting assembly is increased according to usage requirements. One group of the air pumps is connected to the plurality of first channels (34) in the uppermost secondary tube through an air pipe, and another group of the air pumps is connected to the plurality of second channels (68).

10. The anti-biological adhesion underwater sample collection device for fishery ecological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary pipe clamp is arranged in the clamping assembly, and the primary pipe clamp is arranged between two groups of the clamping members (22); When the clamping assembly is in a clamping state for the secondary tube, the two groups of clamping members (22) are in a clamping state or a loose state for the primary tube; When the clamping assembly is in a relaxed state with respect to the secondary tube, the two groups of clamping members (22) are in a clamped state with respect to the primary tube.

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