Wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system and implementation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system and an implementation method. The system comprises an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, a control module, a transimpedance module and an upper computer, the control module is connected with the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and the control module is also connected with the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the transimpedance module; the control module is connected with the upper computer; the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is used for detecting an electrochemical signal; the control module is used for receiving the electrochemical signal, performing signal processing on the electrochemical signal and displaying a signal processing result through the upper computer; and the transimpedance module is used for providing a resistance value, so that the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module detects response current of a preset signal. The size of the instrument can be reduced, and the applicability and the detection efficiency of the system are improved. The method can be widely applied to the technical field of signal acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of signal acquisition technology, and in particular to an analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Neurotransmitters are important neurochemical messengers in mammals, playing an indispensable role in the transmission of information such as normal physiological functions. Electrochemical detection systems are widely used in the detection of neurotransmitters.

[0003] Among the existing electrochemical detection-related technologies, electrochemical workstations are widely used for the detection of in vitro analytes due to their mature signal acquisition technology, stable signal acquisition accuracy, and anti-interference capabilities. In addition, electrochemical workstations support dozens of acquisition modes and methods, and the test range covers monitoring methods such as AC variable frequency testing, DC testing, and pulse testing. However, these commercial electrochemical workstations have to cover a large number of general test methods. Therefore, in certain specific cases, it is not possible to independently modify the internal program or change the general interface to adapt to special needs. In addition, due to the large number of test methods included, the internal hardware structure is complicated, resulting in a large circuit size, which is not suitable for test occasions where the experimental site needs to be moved. In addition, in simple tests, the operation is inconvenient due to the surplus of test functions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art to at least a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system and implementation method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present invention include the following aspects:

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning, comprising: an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, a control module, a transimpedance module and a host computer; the control module is connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and the control module is also connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the transimpedance module; the control module is connected to the host computer; the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is used to detect electrochemical signals; the control module is used to receive the electrochemical signals, perform signal processing on the electrochemical signals, and display the signal processing results through the host computer; the transimpedance module is used to provide a resistance value so that the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module detects the response current of a preset signal; wherein the signal amplitude of the preset signal is lower than the preset amplitude. The present application realizes the acquisition of electrochemical signals through the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and realizes the display of signals through the host computer, which can reduce the volume of the instrument and improve the applicability and detection efficiency of the system.

[0008] In addition, the analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] Furthermore, in the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system of the embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module includes an AD5941 chip, and the SPI port of the control module is connected to the AD5941 chip;

[0010] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the transimpedance module includes a Darlington transistor and a relay; the control module is connected to one end of the coil of the relay through the Darlington transistor, and the other end of the coil is connected to a power supply.

[0011] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes: a power supply module, the power supply module includes a step-down chip, and the first power supply supplies power to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the step-down chip.

[0012] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a Bluetooth module, and the control module is wirelessly connected to the host computer via the Bluetooth module.

[0013] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning, which is applied to the above-mentioned analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning. The method includes:

[0014] receiving electrochemical signals through an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, processing the electrochemical signals, and temporarily storing the processed electrochemical data;

[0015] The control module is connected to a host computer through a serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer.

[0016] Furthermore, the implementation method of the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control module is connected to the host computer through the serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer, includes:

[0017] Display the serial port setting interface through the host computer;

[0018] Connecting to the control module, identifying the port of the control module, and determining the serial port information according to the port information;

[0019] In response to a trigger operation on a first control received on the serial port setting interface, the electrochemical data transmitted by the control module is received.

[0020] Furthermore, the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0021] Displaying a signal acquisition interface via the host computer;

[0022] In response to an edit operation on the detection parameters received on the signal acquisition interface, determining detection parameters for electrochemical detection;

[0023] In response to a trigger operation on the second control received on the signal acquisition interface, electrochemical detection is performed based on the detection parameters.

[0024] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an analog front-end microcircuit device for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning, comprising:

[0025] at least one processor;

[0026] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0027] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above-mentioned analog front-end microcircuit implementation method of wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0028] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, which, when executed by the processor, is used to implement the above-mentioned analog front-end microcircuit implementation method for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0029] The system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, a control module, a transimpedance module and a host computer; the control module is connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and the control module is also connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the transimpedance module; the control module is connected to the host computer; the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is used to detect electrochemical signals; the control module is used to receive the electrochemical signals, perform signal processing on the electrochemical signals, and display the signal processing results through the host computer; the transimpedance module is used to provide a resistance value so that the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module detects the response current of the preset signal; wherein the signal amplitude of the preset signal is lower than the preset amplitude. The present application realizes the acquisition of electrochemical signals through the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and realizes the display of signals through the host computer, which can reduce the volume of the instrument and improve the applicability and detection efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following introduction is made to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention or the related technical solutions in the prior art. It should be understood that the drawings introduced below are only for the convenience of clearly describing some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front side of a PCB of an embodiment of the analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the back side of a PCB of an embodiment of an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the principle of an embodiment of the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a transimpedance module according to the present invention

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the principle of an embodiment of a power module provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the principle of an embodiment of the Bluetooth module provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an interface of an embodiment of the serial port setting interface provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an interface of an embodiment of the signal acquisition interface provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing a comparison of curves of cyclic voltammetry detection performed by the system provided by the present invention and detection performed by a system of related art;

[0041] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing comparison of multiple groups of curves detected by cyclic voltammetry using the system provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an interface for displaying signals through a signal acquisition interface according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The step numbers in the following embodiments are provided for ease of explanation only and do not limit the order of the steps. The order of execution of the steps in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0044] Neurotransmitters are important neurochemical messengers in mammals, playing an essential role in the transmission of information and other processes involved in normal physiological functions. Consequently, abnormal fluctuations in neurotransmitter concentrations within the human central nervous system are a hallmark of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological disorders, including autism, epilepsy, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Numerous analytical methods have been reported for the detection of neurotransmitters, including fluorescence, rapid liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry, and chemiluminescence. Among these analytical methods, electrochemical detection systems are widely used for neurotransmitter detection due to their sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, and ease of use. Electrochemical detection systems have proven to be highly useful for the quantitative and qualitative study of neurotransmitters, including commonly used electrochemical characterization methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Accurate detection of analytes such as neurotransmitters often depends on the sensitivity of the electrochemical technique to the analyte.

[0045] The common three-electrode system used in electrochemical detection consists of a working electrode (WE), a counter electrode (CE), and a reference electrode (RE). Due to the complexity of the test environment, the three-electrode system is an optimization of the two-electrode system, adding a RE to maintain a constant potential on the WE. The potential on the RE is continuously adjusted to measure the current on the WE. When the current on the WE is excessive, the RE and WE form a measurement loop, avoiding errors and damage caused by electrode polarization. The WE and CE, in turn, form a polarization loop, ensuring the normal progress of the reaction on the WE. Therefore, the three-electrode system enables precise control and measurement of current and voltage in electrochemical systems. Among all electrochemical testing methods, CV is the most widely used electrochemical technique, providing satisfactory measurement of the kinetics of redox reactions on WE surfaces. In CV testing, the voltage is swept at a fixed rate from an initial potential to a switching potential, at which point the sweep direction is reversed to the final potential, and the resulting current is measured. The advantage of the CV plot obtained in CV testing is that it provides both qualitative information related to the redox potential derived from the potential values ​​of the oxidation and reduction peaks, as well as quantitative information derived from the peak current intensity.

[0046] Among the existing electrochemical detection-related technologies, electrochemical workstations are widely used for the detection of in vitro analytes due to their mature signal acquisition technology, stable signal acquisition accuracy, and anti-interference capabilities. In addition, electrochemical workstations support dozens of acquisition modes and methods, and the test range covers monitoring methods such as AC variable frequency testing, DC testing, and pulse testing. However, these commercial electrochemical workstations have to cover a large number of general test methods. Therefore, in certain specific cases, it is not possible to independently modify the internal program or change the general interface to adapt to special needs. In addition, due to the large number of test methods included, the internal hardware structure is complicated, resulting in a large circuit size, which is not suitable for test occasions where the experimental site needs to be moved. In addition, in simple tests, the operation is inconvenient due to the surplus of test functions.

[0047] The following describes in detail an analog front-end microcircuit system and an implementation method for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning proposed in an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Figure 1 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system specifically includes:

[0049] Electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, control module, transimpedance module and host computer;

[0050] The control module is connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and the control module is also connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the transimpedance module; the control module is connected to the host computer;

[0051] The electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is used to detect electrochemical signals; the control module is used to receive the electrochemical signals, perform signal processing on the electrochemical signals, and display the signal processing results through the host computer; the transimpedance module is used to provide a resistance value so that the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module detects the response current of a preset signal; wherein the signal amplitude of the preset signal is lower than the preset amplitude.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module in this application, Figure 1 The acquisition signal processing module is the control module in this application, Figure 1 The control relay module and the external control transimpedance module are the transimpedance module in this application. The preset amplitude in this application can be set according to actual needs. The transimpedance module is used to provide the resistance value of the resistor so that the electrochemical signal generation acquisition module detects a lower response current of the signal.

[0053] Furthermore, in the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system of the embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module includes an AD5941 chip, and the SPI port of the control module is connected to the AD5941 chip;

[0054] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the transimpedance module includes a Darlington transistor and a relay; the control module is connected to one end of the coil of the relay through the Darlington transistor, and the other end of the coil is connected to a power supply.

[0055] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes: a power supply module, the power supply module includes a step-down chip, and the first power supply supplies power to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the step-down chip.

[0056] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a Bluetooth module, and the control module is wirelessly connected to the host computer via the Bluetooth module.

[0057] Next, a method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning is provided. The method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running in a terminal or a server. The terminal can be a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, etc., but is not limited thereto. The server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning described above, and mainly includes the following steps: The method includes:

[0059] receiving electrochemical signals through an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, processing the electrochemical signals, and temporarily storing the processed electrochemical data;

[0060] The control module is connected to a host computer through a serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer.

[0061] Furthermore, the implementation method of the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control module is connected to the host computer through the serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer, includes:

[0062] Display the serial port setting interface through the host computer;

[0063] Connecting to the control module, identifying the port of the control module, and determining the serial port information according to the port information;

[0064] In response to a trigger operation on a first control received on the serial port setting interface, the electrochemical data transmitted by the control module is received.

[0065] The first control is used to start data transmission. The triggering operation in this application can be a click operation, a touch operation, a sliding operation, etc. The port information includes the port number, baud bit, check bit, data bit, etc.

[0066] Furthermore, the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0067] Displaying a signal acquisition interface via the host computer;

[0068] In response to an edit operation on the detection parameters received on the signal acquisition interface, determining detection parameters for electrochemical detection;

[0069] In response to a trigger operation on the second control received on the signal acquisition interface, electrochemical detection is performed based on the detection parameters.

[0070] The editing operation may be a selection operation, an input operation, or the like.

[0071] The following is a detailed introduction to the analog front-end microcircuit system and implementation method of the wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning provided by this application using specific embodiments.

[0072] This invention aims to address technical issues in general electrochemical instrumentation, such as oversized instruments, redundant functions, and program lockout. To this end, the present invention proposes an analog front-end circuit system for cyclic voltammetry scanning, comprising an analog front-end electrochemical acquisition module, an external control module, and a personalized host computer display, for use in specific portable testing environments requiring CV method characterization. The analog front-end electrochemical acquisition module integrates the AD5941 electrochemical acquisition chip to enable waveform testing and digital signal acquisition. The external control module includes a central control chip, power management, and signal communication with the host computer. The personalized host computer displays the CV graph, allowing for intuitive viewing.

[0073] This application also allows for the use of customized electrochemical sensing electrodes to further enhance the sensitivity of analyte detection. Customized software filtering methods are used to enhance data anti-interference performance. The host computer program is optimized to achieve more user-friendly software operation and display functions.

[0074] This invention proposes an analog front-end circuit system for cyclic voltammetry scanning. By exploiting the CV function of the AD5941 analog front-end electrochemical acquisition chip, it primarily implements CV electrochemical detection and displays the acquired signals on a customized host computer. Its main advantages are: 1) The host computer functions in this invention are developed using Qt5 for intuitive display of CV graphs, and personalized software templates can be customized and modified to meet specific requirements and aesthetics. 2) The AD5941 electrochemical analog front-end is a highly integrated electrochemical waveform generation and signal acquisition chip. Its built-in programmable AFE sequence minimizes the workload of the host controller. It also features a high-speed cross-group amplifier that can process wide-bandwidth input signals from 0.015Hz to 200kHz. The AD5941 has been widely used in biological testing applications such as electrochemical measurement and continuous blood glucose monitoring. 3) The entire circuit system integrates an electrochemical acquisition module, a central control module, a power management module, and a signal transmission module to implement electrochemical testing functions. The overall circuit system measures 4cm × 5cm, making it suitable for wearable or portable applications.

[0075] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings involved in this application, wherein: Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of the electrochemical acquisition circuit system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a hardware block diagram of the front and back of a PCB based on the AD5941 analog front-end electrochemical system. It includes six parts: an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, an acquisition signal processing module, an external control transimpedance module, a control relay module, a power circuit module, a control relay module, and a Bluetooth communication module. Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the analog front end. This part realizes the output of electrochemical waveforms and signal acquisition, and communicates with the main control chip via SPI. Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of Darlington tubes and relays. The Darlington tubes are used to turn on and off the four relays, and the relays are used to change the transimpedance value to measure small signal current values ​​in different ranges. Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of a battery-powered power management module. The 3.7V voltage is outputted as a stable 3.3V voltage through a step-down chip. Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of the low-power Bluetooth circuit, which communicates wirelessly with the host computer via Bluetooth. Figure 8 It is a software window designed independently through Qt5, which implements functions similar to serial port assistant in the serial port receiving part to collect data. Figure 9 It further expands data acquisition through Qt5 and adds waveform display function to draw graphs of collected data. Figure 10 CV detection was performed using the same gold wire electrode in potassium ferricyanide solution, and the data collected by the current commercial Chenhua electrochemical workstation was compared with the CV curves of the analog front-end circuit system of cyclic voltammetry. Figure 11 Ten sets of CV curves were tested by the analog front-end circuit system of cyclic voltammetry in potassium ferricyanide solution to ensure that its data were generated stably. Figure 12 The host computer designed by Qt5 displays the CV curve of the test of the analog front-end circuit system through cyclic voltammetry in potassium ferrocyanide solution, verifying the normal data transmission and display.

[0076] A. Design of analog front-end circuit system for cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0077] This circuit system uses the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the main controller. This chip, a medium-density performance chip in the STM32F103xx series, is widely used in the development of handheld devices, medical devices, and other fields. It features enhanced I / O ports, including standard and advanced communication interfaces: up to two I2Cs, SPI, three USARTs, one USB, and one CAN. This essentially meets the requirements of the electrochemical system in this design. The main control section uses SPI1 to control communication with the AD5941 analog front-end chip. The crystal oscillator circuit uses an 8MHz passive crystal oscillator for stable clock signal operation. External 22pF matching capacitors are connected in parallel across the crystal to ensure parallel resonance. The reset circuit consists of a 10kΩ resistor, a 100nF capacitor, and a switch. When the switch is pressed, the reset signal is pulled low, resetting the controller program. In the active state, the reset signal is kept high by a pull-up resistor. The programming circuit realizes the function of STM32 program download through the ST-link interface. The programming circuit leads to four pins through the pin header, namely VCC, GND, SWDIO, and SWCLK, which are used to modify and debug the system firmware.

[0078] The AD5941, released by Analog Devices (ADI), is a high-precision, low-power analog front-end (AFE) chip specifically designed for electrochemical sensing applications requiring high-precision measurements and a portable design. The AD5941 chip includes an ultra-low-power, dual-output digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a low-power, low-noise potentiostat. It also includes a 12-bit, high-speed DAC capable of generating high-frequency excitation signals up to 200kHz. The current input comprises a low-power transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and a high-speed TIA. Both TIAs have programmable gain for measuring load resistances of various sensor types. The AD5941 measurement module can be controlled via direct register writes via the serial peripheral interface (SPI) or via a preprogrammed sequencer, allowing the AFE chip to operate autonomously without tying up the microprocessor. The AD5941 chip features built-in TIA control bits that can be programmed via software to change the resistance range from 0 to 512kΩ to amplify low currents. However, when measuring the response current of lower signals, a 512kΩ resistor is insufficient. Therefore, through circuit design, an electronically controlled open-source device, such as a relay, is used to control the on / off state of the circuit, enabling the selection of a larger resistor value for precise current detection. Four external transresistors are designed with amplification factors ranging from 1MΩ to 10MΩ to accommodate smaller current signals. The Darlington transistor, a composite transistor composed of bipolar transistors, replaces individual transistors to improve module gain performance. It features high input resistance and low output resistance, effectively minimizing signal source voltage attenuation and increasing the upper frequency limit of subsequent circuits. Therefore, the Darlington transistor offers a high equivalent current amplification factor and high input impedance, thereby improving circuit gain. The Darlington transistor in the circuit is designed to simultaneously drive the relay.

[0079] B. Design of power management and signal communication circuit modules.

[0080] In this circuit design, the PCB power rails primarily consist of a 3.7V battery supply and a 3.3V supply voltage for the main control chip and the AD5941. For the power management circuit module, a Skyworth RT9193 series linear voltage regulator (LDO) chip, designed for portable and wireless communication applications, was selected. It operates with an input voltage range of 2.5V to 5.5V and produces a stable 3.3V output voltage. Because small signal measurements require minimizing the impact of power supply ripple and noise on peripheral circuitry, this chip offers ultra-low noise and quiescent current. Bypassing the chip with parallel capacitors further reduces output noise, and its ultra-small size also reduces board space.

[0081] The communication module chosen is the BLE2U, a Bluetooth, serial port, and USB three-way module developed based on the CH9143. It enables data communication and transmission between Bluetooth, USB, and serial ports. Bluetooth supports host mode, slave mode, and master-slave mode, while the serial port supports AT commands to configure a baud rate of up to 1Mbps. Simultaneous debugging between the computer's USB, serial, and Bluetooth interfaces is possible. The computer provides virtual serial port drivers for USB and BLE, eliminating the need for secondary development and enabling immediate connection and transmission between the three serial ports.

[0082] C. PC software program.

[0083] In this study, the main user visualization interface software design was carried out using the Qt5 platform. Qt5 is a cross-platform C++ development framework primarily used for developing graphical user interface (GUI) programs, while also supporting the development of command-line interface (CUI) programs. Because Qt5 is a cross-platform development software, it is highly compatible and can be used on multiple operating systems. Its modular design makes it highly flexible. The rich graphical interface components and high-performance graphics rendering capabilities provided by Qt5 enable the efficient development of beautiful user interfaces. Qt5's special signal and slot mechanism simplifies communication between objects, making event handling more intuitive and efficient. These advantages make Qt5 an ideal choice for developing cross-platform applications.

[0084] The software interface features a basic serial port assistant interface for sending and receiving data and setting up the serial port. When the slave computer is connected to the PC via the serial port, a serial port detection process similar to that of a general serial port assistant is performed. The host computer automatically identifies the port. Once a valid port is detected, the baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bit are selected based on the basic serial port information configured in the slave computer's program. Once the serial port settings are complete, opening the serial port allows the user to receive data transmitted from the slave computer to the host computer. In Qt5, received data frames can be identified and converted to hexadecimal. The software is designed to display received data in hexadecimal by default. After the AD5941 chip completes acquisition, data is first stored in a data FIFO before being sent to the host computer. To enable data identification and display, each data item is first packaged in the hardware system before being sent to the host computer. Once the packaged data is successfully received, the host computer identifies and depackets the data frame. This depacketization process involves determining the frame header, frame trailer, and data frame length to ensure data packet accuracy. Waveforms are then displayed in the data display section. The horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display bar can be configured with the number of points, scale, and range to ensure accurate viewing of the data waveform. The software is designed to use an adaptive waveform by default, meaning the waveform is displayed in the center of the window. Users can use buttons to control electrochemical testing parameters, as well as auxiliary functions such as starting and stopping the electrochemical test. The design of the host computer makes the entire system more integrated.

[0085] Example 1:

[0086] CV test of analog front-end circuit system based on cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0087] The test method is as follows:

[0088] A. Preparation of potassium ferrocyanide solution.

[0089] This experiment uses potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]) and potassium chloride (KCl) to prepare a potassium ferricyanide solution. For this experiment, weigh 0.75g of potassium ferricyanide and 2.25g of potassium chloride and dissolve each in 30ml of deionized water. The potassium ferricyanide solution is prepared as follows:

[0090] Weighing: Use a precision electronic balance to weigh 0.75 g of potassium ferrocyanide and 2.25 g of potassium chloride respectively.

[0091] Dissolution: Place the weighed potassium ferrocyanide and potassium chloride into two 50 ml beakers respectively, add about 10 ml of deionized water, and stir gently with a glass rod to completely dissolve them.

[0092] Mixing: Combine the solutions in the two beakers and transfer to a 50 ml volumetric flask.

[0093] Make up to volume: Add deionized water to the mark and gently shake the volumetric flask to ensure that the solution is thoroughly mixed.

[0094] Storage: Store the prepared potassium ferrocyanide solution in a brown bottle, avoid light, and store it in a cool and dry place.

[0095] The molar mass of potassium ferrocyanide is 329.25 g / mol, so 0.75 g of potassium ferrocyanide is equivalent to 0.75 / 329.25 = 0.00228 mol. The final volume of the solution is 30 ml, or 0.03 liters. Therefore, the concentration of the prepared potassium ferrocyanide solution is 0.00228 mol / 0.03 L = 0.076 mol / L. Potassium chloride is added to improve the stability of the potassium ferrocyanide solution. The concentration of potassium chloride is 2.25 g / 74.55 g / mol / 0.03 L = 1.00 mol / L. This concentration of potassium chloride can effectively inhibit the decomposition of potassium ferrocyanide. Potassium ferrocyanide solution is somewhat toxic, so please use it safely and avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wear protective gloves and glasses during the preparation process.

[0096] B. Functional verification - cyclic voltammetry.

[0097] Take a 25mL beaker, use a commercial platinum electrode as the working electrode and counter electrode, and a Ag / AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, place them in the beaker, add 10mL of potassium ferricyanide solution to the beaker, and immerse the electrodes in the solution.

[0098] Open the host computer software designed using Qt5, and match the Bluetooth simulated serial port through the serial port settings to receive the collected data.

[0099] In order to make an accurate comparison with the Chenhua electrochemical workstation, the parameters are set to be consistent:

[0100] Init E: -0.4V;

[0101] High E: 0.6V;

[0102] Low E: -0.4V;

[0103] Final E: -0.4V;

[0104] Scan Rate (V / s): 0.1;

[0105] Sweep Segments: 2;

[0106] Sample Interval(V):0.001;

[0107] Quiet Time (sec): 2;

[0108] Sensitivity (A / V): 0.0001;

[0109] Data from the CV curves of the test in potassium ferricyanide were recorded.

[0110] Example 2:

[0111] CV stability test of analog front-end circuit system based on cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0112] A. Preparation of potassium ferrocyanide solution.

[0113] The solution was prepared as in Example 1.

[0114] B. Functional verification - multi-cycle test by cyclic voltammetry.

[0115] Take a 25mL beaker, use a commercial platinum electrode as the working electrode and counter electrode, and a Ag / AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, place them in the beaker, add 10mL of potassium ferricyanide solution to the beaker, and immerse the electrodes in the solution.

[0116] Open the host computer software designed using Qt5, and match the Bluetooth simulated serial port through the serial port settings to receive the collected data.

[0117] The parameter settings are:

[0118] Init E: -0.4V;

[0119] High E: 0.6V;

[0120] Low E: -0.4V;

[0121] Final E: -0.4V;

[0122] Scan Rate (V / s): 0.1;

[0123] Sweep Segments: 20;

[0124] Sample Interval(V):0.001;

[0125] Quiet Time (sec): 2;

[0126] Sensitivity (A / V): 0.0001;

[0127] Observe the overlap of the 10-cycle CV curves.

[0128] Example 3:

[0129] CV waveform display of analog front-end circuit system based on Qt host computer.

[0130] A.Serial port assistant collects and displays data settings.

[0131] Before receiving data, first configure the Qt host computer's serial port assistant to ensure normal communication between the host computer and the circuit. After a normal connection is established, you can first test the serial port. If the connection is normal, the serial port number will be displayed at the port. Otherwise, the serial port will not be able to open and receive data normally. When the circuit and the host computer communicate via serial port, the baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bit must be consistent on both sides.

[0132] Baud rate: 115200;

[0133] Data bits: 8;

[0134] Stop bits: 1;

[0135] Check digit: None;

[0136] Then select Hex Receive and open the serial port assistant, the collected data will be displayed in hexadecimal.

[0137] B. Waveform display of CV data on the host computer.

[0138] After receiving all the data, open the waveform display. You can set the voltage range of the waveform to ensure that the waveform is fully displayed on the interface. Alternatively, use the X-axis tracking and Y-axis adaptive functions to ensure that the CV waveform is fully displayed in the center of the interface for easy observation.

[0139] Comparative Example 1:

[0140] The difference from Example 1 is that the commercial Shanghai Chenhua electrochemical workstation software is used as the test system, and the steps are as follows:

[0141] Take a 25mL beaker, use a commercial platinum electrode as the working electrode and counter electrode, and a Ag / AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, place them in the beaker, add 10mL of potassium ferricyanide solution to the beaker, and immerse the electrodes in the solution.

[0142] Open the Shanghai Chenhua electrochemical workstation software and select the Cyclic Voltammetry option.

[0143] Setting parameters:

[0144] Init E: -0.4V;

[0145] High E: 0.6V;

[0146] Low E: -0.4V;

[0147] Final E: -0.4V;

[0148] Scan Rate (V / s): 0.1;

[0149] Sweep Segments: 2;

[0150] Sample Interval(V):0.001;

[0151] Quiet Time (sec): 2;

[0152] Sensitivity (A / V): 0.0001;

[0153] Performance testing:

[0154] For Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 Figure 10 As shown, the peak curve response is normal and the coincidence is high.

[0155] For Example 2 Figure 11 As shown, the multi-turn CV curve responds normally and has good stability.

[0156] For Example 3 Figure 8 、 Figure 12 As shown, the host computer can maintain normal communication with the circuit and display the waveform of the collected data.

[0157] Comparative Example 1 uses the same solution and the same parameter settings, and uses a commercial Chenhua electrochemical workstation for comparison to verify the analog front-end circuit system based on cyclic voltammetry scanning. Figure 10 It can be seen that the CV curves tested by the two systems have a high degree of overlap and the signals are stable, with the same trend. The error between peaks is within the acceptable range. The analog front-end circuit system based on cyclic voltammetry scanning has been successfully verified.

[0158] It can be seen that the contents of the above system embodiments are all applicable to the present method embodiments. The functions specifically implemented by the present method embodiments are the same as those of the above system embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above system embodiments.

[0159] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an analog front-end microcircuit device for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning, comprising:

[0160] at least one processor;

[0161] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0162] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the analog front-end microcircuit implementation method of wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning.

[0163] Similarly, the contents of the above method embodiments are applicable to the present device embodiments. The functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0164] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor. When the program is executed by the processor, it is used to perform the above-mentioned wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit implementation method.

[0165] Similarly, the contents of the above method embodiments are applicable to the present storage medium embodiment. The functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0166] In some optional embodiments, the function / operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function / operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the present invention is provided in an exemplary manner for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Optional embodiments are contemplated in which the order of the various operations is changed and the sub-operations described as a part of a larger operation are performed independently.

[0167] In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, one or more of the functions and / or features may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary for understanding the present invention. More specifically, given the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the devices disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the ordinary skill of an engineer. Therefore, a person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention set forth in the claims using ordinary skill without undue experimentation. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0168] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several programs for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0169] The logic and / or steps represented in a flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered as an ordered list of executable programs for implementing the logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, a program execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can retrieve and execute a program from a program execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, a program execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0170] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0171] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable program execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0172] In the above description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment / example," "another embodiment / example," or "certain embodiments / examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0173] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0174] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system, characterized in that: The system includes: an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, a control module, a transimpedance module and a host computer; The control module is connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, and the control module is also connected to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the transimpedance module; the control module is connected to the host computer; The electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module is used to detect electrochemical signals; the control module is used to receive the electrochemical signals, perform signal processing on the electrochemical signals, and display the signal processing results through the host computer; the transimpedance module is used to provide a resistance value so that the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module detects the response current of a preset signal; wherein the signal amplitude of the preset signal is lower than the preset amplitude.

2. The wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module includes an AD5941 chip, and the SPI port of the control module is connected to the AD5941 chip.

3. The wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transimpedance module includes a Darlington tube and a relay; the control module is connected to one end of the coil of the relay through the Darlington tube, and the other end of the coil is connected to a power supply.

4. The wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes: a power supply module, the power supply module includes a step-down chip, and the first power supply supplies power to the electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module through the step-down chip.

5. The wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a Bluetooth module, and the control module is wirelessly connected to the host computer via the Bluetooth module.

6. A method for implementing an analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning, characterized in that: An analog front-end microcircuit system for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: receiving electrochemical signals through an electrochemical signal generation and acquisition module, processing the electrochemical signals, and temporarily storing the processed electrochemical data; The control module is connected to a host computer through a serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer.

7. The method for implementing the analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control module is connected to the host computer through the serial port setting, and the electrochemical data is received and displayed by the host computer, including: Display the serial port setting interface through the host computer; Connecting to the control module, identifying the port of the control module, and determining the serial port information according to the port information; In response to a trigger operation on a first control received on the serial port setting interface, the electrochemical data transmitted by the control module is received.

8. The method for implementing the analog front-end microcircuit for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Displaying a signal acquisition interface via the host computer; In response to an edit operation on the detection parameters received on the signal acquisition interface, determining detection parameters for electrochemical detection; In response to a trigger operation on the second control received on the signal acquisition interface, electrochemical detection is performed based on the detection parameters.

9. A wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning analog front-end microcircuit device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the analog front-end microcircuit implementation method for wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, characterized in that: The program executable by the processor is used to implement the analog front-end microcircuit implementation method of wearable cyclic voltammetry scanning when executed by the processor.

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