Natural gas low-power-consumption collector based on open-source gap

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural gas low-power-consumption collector based on an open-source gap. The natural gas low-power-consumption collector deeply integrates the original capacity of the open-source gap. Intelligent cooperation with equipment such as field valves is achieved through a distributed soft bus of the natural gas low-power-consumption collector. An end-to-end trusted security system is constructed by combining a microkernel architecture with a national cryptographic algorithm chip; and a time delay engine and an AI engine are determined by means of the method, and ultra-low power consumption operation and efficient edge calculation are realized on a domestic MCU. According to the invention, an integrated intrinsic safety explosion-proof design is adopted, multi-protocol access is supported through a standardized equipment model, and reliable remote OTA upgrade and data supplementation are realized by relying on the Gawan framework. According to the invention, the monitoring problem of the gas pipeline in an electricity-free environment is solved, and the intelligence, safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of the system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the application field of remote intelligent monitoring technology for natural gas stations, and specifically relates to a low-power natural gas collector based on open source Hongmeng. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, gas leaks and explosions have become frequent, particularly in low- and medium-pressure regulating boxes, which are widely used in the distribution of gas to residential communities, public buildings, and public welfare users. These boxes are located close to the user, and a leak or explosion could cause serious injury and property damage. However, due to their lower pressure ratings and their general lack of access to municipal power, these boxes are not included in a unified monitoring system and currently fall into a monitoring blind spot. Ensuring the safe operation of these boxes through safe, reliable, and effective technical measures to protect life and property has become a pressing issue for urban gas companies across the country.

[0003] With the rapid development of new technologies such as cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, mobile communications, and artificial intelligence, as well as the continuous improvement of the open-source HarmonyOS ecosystem, applying the autonomous and controllable open-source HarmonyOS operating system to the industrial sector and building an autonomous and controllable industrial control ecosystem has become a current technological development trend. The open-source HarmonyOS offers advantages such as autonomy, high security, and strong adaptability. Its lightweight version features low power consumption, providing technical support for remote monitoring in resource-constrained environments. However, research on the application of the HarmonyOS system to low-power natural gas collectors is still lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of blind spots in the monitoring of medium and low-pressure regulating boxes for existing urban gas, the present invention provides a natural gas low-power collector based on the open source Hongmeng, providing a safe, reliable and effective remote monitoring solution for medium and low-pressure regulating boxes without municipal power access. The present invention is designed to achieve remote monitoring of medium and low-pressure regulating boxes for urban gas without municipal power access. It adopts a domestically produced industrial-grade MCU chip and is equipped with a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized and developed according to industry characteristics. It can realize the collection of key process data such as pressure, ambient temperature, gas concentration, flow, liquid level alarm, etc. of the regulating box, and transmit data safely and efficiently through the Internet of Things, realizing remote monitoring of the operating environment and operating status of the regulating box, thereby effectively ensuring the safe operation of the medium and low-pressure regulating box.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A low-power natural gas collector based on open source Hongmeng includes: an industrial-grade domestic MCU chip, a multi-channel sensor module, and a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized according to the characteristics of the gas industry. The lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized according to the characteristics of the gas industry uses Hongmeng's microkernel architecture, component design, and tailorable mechanism to achieve unified packaging of hardware resources through the hardware abstraction layer, integrate multiple sensor modules, and rely on Hongmeng's driver framework and standardized interface to achieve flexible configuration of multiple protocols and multiple interfaces, and complete standardized and efficient access to various sensors such as flow meters; the lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system adopts distributed soft bus technology to achieve seamless collaboration with surrounding smart devices and build a gas monitoring super terminal.

[0007] Furthermore, the industrial-grade domestic MCU chip adopts a low-power technology solution, and through a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized and developed according to the characteristics of the gas industry, intelligent resource scheduling and an active energy consumption management solution based on a deterministic delay engine, jointly achieve the low-consumption performance of the natural gas low-power collector.

[0008] Furthermore, the low-power consumption natural gas collector adopts a power supply solution that combines built-in and external lithium batteries, adopts a benchmark working mode, and its operating time exceeds the 500-day threshold; the Hongmeng system uses Hongmeng's one-time development and multi-terminal deployment capabilities to achieve rapid adaptation of the low-power consumption natural gas collector on different hardware platforms.

[0009] Furthermore, the lightweight version of the open source HarmonyOS operating system, which is customized and developed according to the characteristics of the gas industry, adopts distributed soft bus technology and integrates an atomic service structure to achieve targeted function enhancement in the gas industry. It is equipped with real-time collection and primary processing units and adopts an atomic service model to achieve flexible deployment and operation of intelligent applications. The HarmonyOS system uses the HarmonyOS high-performance IPC mechanism, that is, the inter-process communication mechanism, to ensure the real-time and low latency of critical task processing, and the response time is controlled at the millisecond level.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-channel sensing module includes a temperature and humidity monitoring module and a pressure sensing unit. The collector adopts a composite interface design, supporting 4-channel I2C, 2-channel TTL, 4-channel switch signal transmission and 2-channel RS485 serial communication. With the help of the device abstraction model and multi-protocol adaptation solution implemented by the open source Hongmeng system, it natively supports multi-protocol interaction of flow meters and supports the access and collection of multiple types of flow meters and sensing equipment through an extensible architecture.

[0011] Furthermore, the HarmonyOS system achieves plug-and-play with functional modules contributed by third-party developers through the HarmonyOS open source ecosystem.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-power natural gas collector is built with an integrated intrinsically safe design to achieve explosion-proof grade. It adopts the Exia II B T4 Ga explosion-proof solution, which can achieve long-term and reliable operation under extreme conditions containing corrosive gases, excessive temperature and humidity, and meet dust and water resistance requirements, ensuring the stable operation of the physical layer of the open source Hongmeng system and key components; the Hongmeng system runs key services in an independent security domain through the security isolation characteristics of the Hongmeng microkernel architecture.

[0013] Furthermore, the lightweight version of the open source HarmonyOS, customized and developed based on the characteristics of the gas industry, has efficient runtime and resource optimization configuration functions. The collector has an embedded edge-side computing module to complete simple processing of collected data at the near end, including data screening and compression processing, thereby achieving efficient edge intelligence on terminal devices with limited resources, thereby controlling the total amount of data transmission and communication resource usage, and optimizing the overall response rate and reliability of the system; the edge-side computing module realizes data anomaly detection and preliminary diagnosis by calling the end-side reasoning capabilities of the HarmonyOS AI engine.

[0014] Furthermore, it integrates the Huawei cloud platform docking module, adopts Ca.1 and NB-IoT wireless transmission solutions, and leverages the network service and connection management architecture of the open source HarmonyOS system to achieve stable and reliable operation of remote communications; it realizes remote parameter setting, cloud-based fault analysis, and remote firmware upgrades, relying on HarmonyOS's differential upgrade technology and security recovery framework to achieve high reliability and efficiency optimization of OTA upgrades; it has built-in timed collection and reporting and threshold-triggered autonomous reporting functions. In the event of communication interruption, it relies on the local storage and synchronization services of the HarmonyOS system to perform data backfill operations to maintain data integrity and continuity; the system achieves continuous iterative optimization of functional modules through the HarmonyOS developer ecosystem.

[0015] Furthermore, the national secret algorithm chip approved by the National Cryptography Administration is adopted, which works collaboratively with the support of the security subsystem and hardware abstraction layer of the open source Hongmeng system, realizes standardized security interfaces callable by upper-layer applications, realizes algorithm-level encryption support, realizes SM2 / SM3 / SM4 algorithm suites, realizes encrypted storage and secure transmission of key data, builds a security barrier for IoT communication data and instructions, and prevents unauthorized tampering, theft or illegal access operations; the security subsystem realizes the secure isolation of hardware encryption chips from other components of the system through the security isolation mechanism of the Hongmeng microkernel architecture.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0017] (1) This invention conducts in-depth collaboration with the open source Hongmeng system to promote qualitative upgrades in intelligence and security protection:

[0018] Autonomous and controllable intelligent core: Using industrial-grade domestic MCU as the hardware platform, integrating the lightweight open source Hongmeng system customized for the gas field, achieving a breakthrough in technological autonomy. What is particularly critical is the use of Hongmeng's decoupled service modules and lightweight execution environment to optimize the collector's efficient hosting of edge computing and the diversified configuration of industry intelligent applications. Compared with traditional embedded systems, it promotes step-by-step development in flexibility, expansion space and intelligence level.

[0019] System-level security enhancement: An integrated intrinsically safe structure is used to achieve physical security protection. The open source Hongmeng system uses the cooperation of the security subsystem and the national encryption algorithm chip to implement system-level end-to-end security protection measures for the entire data life cycle. It is more secure than traditional devices that only use hardware encryption, and can achieve a higher level of safe and reliable operation under the complex and high-risk conditions of gas stations.

[0020] (2) The present invention relies on the low power consumption optimization and long-term autonomous operation capability of the Hongmeng system:

[0021] Instead of adopting extensive low-power strategies, the lightweight Hongmeng open source system's kernel fine energy consumption management and scheduling strategy optimization achieve deep synergy with the MCU's low-power characteristics, achieving long-term and reliable operation in an environment without an external power supply. The system's power consumption optimization performance makes traditional RTOS and embedded Linux pale in comparison, thereby achieving a revolutionary reduction in battery replacement intervals and maintenance costs.

[0022] (3) High-quality compatibility support, modular expansion and intelligent connection achieved by the Hongmeng platform:

[0023] Standardized open ecosystem access: Relying on the standardized device model and protocol adaptation framework of the open source Hongmeng, the system supports multi-interface expansion and multi-protocol interoperability, and achieves full life cycle compatibility and scalable support for sensor devices such as flow meters. The collector is thus transformed into a configurable perception module of the gas Internet of Things rather than a separate physical component.

[0024] Intelligent cloud collaboration: It can realize the connection between IoT communication modules and cloud platforms. Relying on the network services, link management, OTA differential update and data synchronization system of the Harmony framework, it can realize remote device monitoring, operation diagnosis, configuration management and firmware upgrades, supplemented by reliable data append upload. This technology enables remote management to transcend the primary stage of function stacking and instead build an intelligent collaborative system under the Harmony environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a low-power natural gas collector based on open source Hongmeng of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng, which solves the problem of blind spots in the monitoring of medium and low-pressure regulating boxes of existing urban gas by deeply integrating the Hongmeng system microkernel architecture and distributed capabilities. The natural gas low-power collector is based on a low-power industrial-grade domestically produced MCU chip, equipped with a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized and developed according to the characteristics of the gas industry, with built-in industry digital applications and atomic services, and is mainly used for remote monitoring of process parameters of medium and low-pressure regulating boxes of urban gas. The collector is powered by a lithium battery and can work continuously for 1.5 years in standard working mode. It has multiple sensors integrated inside and a rich set of interfaces reserved to support multiple protocols. It can realize the access of more other sensor devices and Huawei cloud platform to achieve comprehensive monitoring and remote monitoring. The collector adopts an intrinsically safe design as a whole, is waterproof, dustproof and explosion-proof, and can work stably for a long time in harsh environments. It supports the initial data processing capability based on edge computing, and has a built-in national secret algorithm chip to ensure the security and reliability of communication data.

[0028] The natural gas low-power collector includes a low-power industrial-grade domestically produced MCU chip and deeply collaborates with the open-source Hongmeng underlying energy management model to adapt to long-term stable operation without municipal power access. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0029] The data collector supports multiple low-power management strategies. When there are no data collection or communication tasks, the MCU enters deep sleep mode, shutting down all non-essential functional modules and retaining only minimal monitoring functions. This mode reduces power consumption to just a few microamperes. The open-source Hongmeng's deterministic latency engine optimizes task scheduling and predicts task execution times, enabling precise control of the MCU's wake-up and sleep cycles, avoiding the unnecessary energy consumption associated with the crude timed wake-up methods of traditional RTOSes.

[0030] Power management utilizes multi-stage power conversion to optimize battery efficiency. Under normal operation, the low-power natural gas data collector's internal lithium battery provides a stable operating voltage. The system monitors the battery's voltage, temperature, and charge / discharge status in real time, and implements overvoltage, undervoltage, and overheating protections. When the internal battery is depleted, an external backup lithium battery automatically takes over. Combined with the MCU's low-power management strategy, the collector maintains power consumption in the microampere to milliampere range in standard operating mode (a 5-minute data collection cycle followed by a 20-minute upload interval), enabling the entire system to operate continuously for over 1.5 years in normal mode.

[0031] The natural gas low-power collector is equipped with a lightweight version of the open-source Hongmeng operating system, which is customized and developed for the gas industry. This operating system is optimized for gas industry application scenarios, has industry-enhanced features, and has built-in rich industry intelligent applications and atomic services. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0032] The custom-developed, open-source Hongmeng operating system is designed specifically for resource-constrained embedded devices, optimizing kernel, driver, and system resource management for efficient resource utilization and low-power operation. Specifically, it utilizes a microkernel architecture, retaining core functions such as task scheduling, memory management, and terminal processing. This design isolates non-core services outside the kernel (such as the file system and drivers), significantly reducing the likelihood of system corruption during operation in a gas environment and improving security. Its componentized nature also allows system functions to be expanded or replaced on demand, enhancing scalability. It employs a modular design, enabling modules to be loaded and enabled on demand, releasing resources after the task is completed. It also integrates multiple low-power management strategies that work in conjunction with the hardware's low-power design. For example, the operating system monitors the device's operating status, dynamically adjusts the system frequency and voltage based on load, and enters ultra-low-power mode when necessary.

[0033] The low-power natural gas collector is equipped with a custom-developed open-source Hongmeng operating system with many industry-enhanced features, including: real-time gas data collection and processing, acquiring real-time data from integrated multi-channel sensors and performing preliminary processing to ensure data accuracy and validity; built-in anomaly detection algorithm, when the detected gas data exceeds the threshold, it will be marked as an anomaly, and an alarm information will be generated and issued, including a detailed description of the abnormal data, the time and location of the anomaly, etc.; the operating system can realize intelligent task scheduling, thanks to its high-performance IPC (inter-process communication) mechanism and deterministic delay engine, which can ensure millisecond-level response and low-latency processing of key data collection and alarm tasks, ensuring the real-time and smoothness of the system.

[0034] The collector's HarmonyOS system provides a series of atomic services, which are independent small functional modules, including data processing, communication processing, encryption and decryption, and device diagnostics. The system can be flexibly configured according to the required functions and application scenarios to achieve performance optimization. Furthermore, leveraging the open source HarmonyOS's ability to develop once and deploy on multiple terminals, atomic service applications in the gas industry only need to be written once and can be quickly adapted and deployed to different models and specifications of collector hardware through HarmonyOS's unified development framework, significantly reducing development and maintenance costs.

[0035] Leveraging distributed soft bus technology, the low-power natural gas collector can self-discover and self-network with other Hongmeng devices within the station (such as smart valves and leak alarms), forming a collaborative super terminal. For example, when the collector detects abnormal pressure, it not only issues an alarm itself but also directly issues an emergency shutdown command to the smart valve via the soft bus, achieving intelligent linkage between devices and significantly improving the overall performance and reliability of the system.

[0036] The low-power natural gas collector integrates multiple sensors, enabling real-time monitoring of various key environmental and operating parameters within the medium- and low-pressure regulators. It also features a rich interface and supports multiple protocols, enabling integration with more sensors and flow meters, enhancing system compatibility and scalability. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0037] The low-power natural gas collector integrates multiple sensors, including temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors, enabling real-time monitoring of key environmental parameters and operating status of medium and low-pressure surge tanks. Its integrated design enhances sensor signal stability and anti-interference capabilities.

[0038] The low-power natural gas collector is designed with a rich interface configuration, enabling it to flexibly connect to a variety of sensing devices, including: 4 I2C interfaces, supporting multi-device serial communication, for connecting sensors with a variety of I2C protocols; 2 TTL sensor interfaces, for connecting simple digital sensors or control devices such as switch sensors and position sensors, with low power consumption and fast response; 4 switch input and output interfaces, for connecting devices that provide switch signals, such as limit switches; 2 RS485 serial ports, for long-distance communication or connecting devices that support the RS485 protocol, such as flow meters and PLC controllers, suitable for use in complex industrial environments.

[0039] The low-power natural gas collector has built-in support for multiple flow meter communication protocols, including Modbus, HART, and MQTT, enabling access and management of multiple flow meters. Furthermore, the invention actively leverages the open-source ecosystem of Hongmeng, allowing developers and manufacturers to contribute more communication protocol stacks and device drivers through the open-source community, thereby continuously expanding the collector's support for new flow meters and sensing devices, and continuously optimizing its functionality and performance.

[0040] The low-power natural gas collector adopts an integrated design and complies with intrinsically safe explosion-proof standards. The explosion-proof mark is Ex iaII B T4 Ga. It also has dust and water resistance and can operate stably and long-term under harsh conditions. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0041] The low-power natural gas collector features an integrated design with a microcontroller (MCU), sensor module, communication module, and power module. The layout is carefully designed to minimize external connection complexity and prevent interference. All circuits are intrinsically safe, with current and voltage limiting circuits installed at the power input and key circuit nodes to ensure that current and voltage remain within safe ranges, preventing sparks or heat. The collector is designed and manufactured in strict compliance with explosion-proof standards and has obtained relevant certification, with the explosion-proof mark: Ex ia II B T4 Ga. Complementing this, the open-source Hongmeng system's microkernel architecture runs critical security services in a separate memory space, eliminating the risk of a single service failure causing the entire system to crash, providing dual security at both the physical and software levels.

[0042] The protective housing of the low-power natural gas collector is made of high-strength stainless steel or aluminum alloy, offering excellent corrosion and impact resistance, providing effective protection in harsh environments. It is IP68 rated, and silicone seals at the housing connections and interfaces effectively prevent dust and moisture from entering, ensuring safe operation in environments with high dust, humidity, and corrosive gases.

[0043] The low-power natural gas collector has edge computing capabilities, which can perform preliminary processing and analysis of the collected data locally to ensure data accuracy and reliability, while reducing communication burdens and improving system response speed and security. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0044] It has an efficient RISC-V architecture processor, multiple computing units capable of handling multi-threaded tasks and parallel computing, and is equipped with sufficient RAM and Flash memory for temporary cache and data storage.

[0045] The HarmonyOS system has built-in multiple filtering algorithms, which use appropriate algorithms for filtering based on the data type. After filtering, the collector compresses the data, including Huffman or Run-Length lossless compression of critical data and lossy compression of non-critical data, to reduce the data volume and improve storage and transmission efficiency. At the same time, the anomaly detection algorithm can mark data that exceeds the threshold, generate anomaly information, and upload it to the cloud platform to take appropriate early warning measures. These edge-side intelligent processing tasks are accelerated by the end-side reasoning capabilities of the HarmonyOS AI engine and are efficiently completed in collaboration with data collection tasks through a high-performance IPC mechanism.

[0046] The low-power natural gas collector supports access to the Huawei Cloud platform. Through Cat.1 or NB-IoT wireless communication modules, it ensures efficient and stable communication connections under different network conditions, enabling remote monitoring and management through the cloud platform. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0047] Users can remotely access and configure the collector's operating parameters on the Huawei Cloud platform, such as data collection frequency, alarm thresholds, data upload frequency, etc., and can adjust device parameters on demand to achieve efficient management; the collector will upload abnormal information to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform will analyze the abnormal data through cloud computing power and fault diagnosis algorithms, generate fault reports, and provide maintenance suggestions or adjust the device operating status; the IoT platform supports remote firmware upgrades, relying on the differential upgrade and security recovery framework of the Harmony system, which can greatly reduce the upgrade package size and wireless network traffic consumption, and ensure that the system can be safely rolled back in unexpected situations such as upgrade failures, greatly improving the reliability and efficiency of remote operation and maintenance.

[0048] In normal operation, the data collector collects data at preset intervals (e.g., every 5 minutes) and reports it to the cloud platform. This data includes environmental parameters (such as temperature, pressure, and humidity) read by sensors and the device's operating status. The cloud platform stores, analyzes, and visualizes this data. If monitored data exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., excessive temperature or abnormal pressure), the system immediately enters over-threshold self-reporting mode, prioritizing uploading abnormal data to the cloud platform. The cloud platform then generates an early warning and sends an alert notification to relevant personnel, enabling a rapid response and preventing the escalation of safety incidents.

[0049] Supports historical data recovery after communication interruption. In the event of a network interruption, the collector automatically switches to offline mode and temporarily stores the data in local Flash. When communication is restored, the collector automatically checks the local historical data and retransmits the data to the cloud platform in chronological order. The cloud platform automatically integrates the retransmitted data with the original data to ensure data integrity and continuity.

[0050] The low-power natural gas collector features a built-in national encryption algorithm chip that complies with the standards of the National Cryptography Administration and supports multiple encryption algorithms, including SM2, SM3, and SM4. This chip is integrated with the main MCU and integrated into the collector's circuit board, effectively preventing electromagnetic interference or side-channel attacks. A random number generator generates encryption keys, which are stored in the chip's internal secure storage unit and are not exposed in plaintext to the outside of the device. The collector supports remote key updates, allowing the cloud platform to send new encrypted keys to the device over-the-air (OTA). The national encryption algorithm chip effectively safeguards the security of data and instructions during IoT transmission, preventing malicious tampering, theft, and unauthorized access. Specifically, the national encryption algorithm chip works closely with the HarmonyOS security subsystem, operating in a hardware-level trusted execution environment (TEE) provided by the microkernel architecture. It is strictly isolated from non-core business processes, ensuring the highest level of security for key generation, storage, and encryption and decryption operations at both the physical and system levels.

[0051] To sum up, the low-power consumption natural gas collector designed by the present invention based on open source Hongmeng can effectively solve the monitoring blind spot problem of existing urban gas medium and low pressure regulating boxes, and provide a safe, reliable and effective remote monitoring solution for medium and low pressure regulating boxes without municipal power access conditions.

[0052] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0053] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng, characterized by: include: Industrial-grade domestic MCU chips, multi-channel sensor modules and a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized according to the characteristics of the gas industry. The lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized according to the characteristics of the gas industry uses Hongmeng's microkernel architecture, component design and tailorable mechanism to achieve unified packaging of hardware resources through the hardware abstraction layer, integrate multiple sensor modules, and rely on Hongmeng's driver framework and standardized interfaces to achieve flexible configuration of multiple protocols and multiple interfaces, and complete standardized and efficient access to various sensors such as flow meters; the lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system adopts distributed soft bus technology to achieve seamless collaboration with surrounding smart devices to build a gas monitoring super terminal.

2. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial-grade domestic MCU chip adopts a low-power technology solution, and through a lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system customized and developed according to the characteristics of the gas industry, intelligent resource scheduling and an active energy consumption management solution based on a deterministic delay engine, it jointly achieves the low-consumption performance of the natural gas low-power collector.

3. According to the low-power natural gas collector based on open source Hongmeng in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The low-power consumption natural gas collector adopts a power supply solution that combines built-in and external lithium batteries, adopts a benchmark working mode, and its operating time exceeds the 500-day threshold; the Hongmeng system uses Hongmeng's one-time development and multi-terminal deployment capabilities to achieve rapid adaptation of the low-power consumption natural gas collector on different hardware platforms.

4. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight version of the open source Hongmeng operating system, which is customized and developed according to the characteristics of the gas industry, adopts distributed soft bus technology and integrates an atomic service structure to achieve targeted function enhancement in the gas industry. It is equipped with real-time collection and primary processing units and adopts an atomic service model to achieve flexible deployment and operation of intelligent applications. The Hongmeng system uses the Hongmeng high-performance IPC mechanism, that is, the inter-process communication mechanism, to ensure the real-time and low latency of critical task processing, and the response time is controlled at the millisecond level.

5. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel sensing module includes a temperature and humidity monitoring module and a pressure sensing unit. The collector adopts a composite interface design, supporting 4-channel I2C, 2-channel TTL, 4-channel switch signal transmission and 2-channel RS485 serial communication. With the help of the device abstraction model and multi-protocol adaptation solution implemented by the open source Hongmeng system, it natively supports multi-protocol interaction of flow meters and supports the access and collection of multiple types of flow meters and sensing equipment through an extensible architecture.

6. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Hongmeng system achieves plug-and-play with functional modules contributed by third-party developers through the Hongmeng open source ecosystem.

7. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-power natural gas collector is built with an integrated intrinsically safe design and achieves explosion-proof grade. It adopts the Ex ia II B T4 Ga explosion-proof solution, and can achieve long-term and reliable operation under extreme conditions containing corrosive gases, excessive temperature and humidity, and meet dust and water resistance requirements, ensuring the stable operation of the physical layer of the open source Hongmeng system and key components; the Hongmeng system runs key services in an independent security domain through the security isolation characteristics of the Hongmeng microkernel architecture.

8. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight version of the open source HarmonyOS, customized and developed based on the characteristics of the gas industry, has efficient runtime and resource optimization configuration functions. The collector has an embedded edge-side computing module to complete simple processing of collected data at the near end, including data screening and compression processing, thereby achieving efficient edge intelligence on terminal devices with limited resources, thereby controlling the total amount of data transmission and communication resource usage, and optimizing the overall response rate and reliability of the system; the edge-side computing module realizes data anomaly detection and preliminary diagnosis by calling the end-side reasoning capabilities of the HarmonyOS AI engine.

9. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: It integrates the Huawei cloud platform docking module, adopts Ca.1 and NB-IoT wireless transmission solutions, and leverages the network service and connection management architecture of the open source HarmonyOS system to achieve stable and reliable operation of remote communications; it realizes remote parameter setting, cloud-based fault analysis, and remote firmware upgrades, relying on HarmonyOS's differential upgrade technology and security recovery framework to achieve high reliability and efficiency optimization of OTA upgrades; it has built-in timed collection and reporting and threshold-triggered autonomous reporting functions. In the event of communication interruption, it relies on the local storage and synchronization services of the HarmonyOS system to perform data backfill operations to maintain data integrity and continuity; the system achieves continuous iterative optimization of functional modules through the HarmonyOS developer ecosystem.

10. A natural gas low-power collector based on open source Hongmeng according to claim 1, characterized in that: It uses a national encryption algorithm chip approved by the National Cryptography Administration, which works collaboratively with the support of the security subsystem and hardware abstraction layer of the open source Hongmeng system, realizes standardized security interfaces callable by upper-layer applications, realizes algorithm-level encryption support, realizes SM2 / SM3 / SM4 algorithm suites, realizes encrypted storage and secure transmission of key data, builds a security barrier for IoT communication data and instructions, and prevents unauthorized tampering, theft or illegal access operations; the security subsystem realizes the secure isolation of hardware encryption chips from other components of the system through the security isolation mechanism of the Hongmeng microkernel architecture.

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