Urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method and system based on queuing network

Abstract

The invention provides an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method and system based on a queuing network, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the related information of an urban rail transit station, carrying out the passenger demand analysis based on the related information, and obtaining a passenger demand result; establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and constructing a station facility instance, a facility network and a passenger instance in the passenger flow simulation system based on the related information and the passenger demand result; and according to the station facility instance, the facility network and the passenger instance, simulating the flow of passengers among the urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system. The invention provides an urban rail transit station passenger flow multi-agent simulation method based on a queuing network, which is used for providing a guidance basis for operation management of urban rail transit so as to improve the service level of the urban rail transit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban rail transit, and in particular to a method and system for simulating passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, urban rail transit systems have seen significant development. Due to their unique attributes, such as high efficiency, punctuality, large capacity, and enhanced reliability, they have become an indispensable mode of public transportation for most citizens. Despite rapid development, the comprehensive economic and social development has led to a sharp increase in travel demand from a wide range of passengers. This has led to a conflict between capacity and demand, which in turn has created a series of serious problems for the system. Especially during peak hours in the morning and evening, the high demand for commuters leads to reduced system safety, a corresponding decline in service levels, and increased congestion.

[0003] To address these issues, we first need to understand the operational conditions of subway stations under different scenarios. However, due to various limitations, these operational conditions cannot be obtained from reality, so simulation is needed to simulate subway station operations. Existing research primarily uses microscopic and macroscopic models for subway station simulation. Microscopic models, such as social force models, suffer from complex models, high computational costs, long simulation runtimes, low efficiency, and inadequacy for large-scale simulations. Macroscopic models, such as fluid dynamics models, suffer from low precision and lack of detail and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for simulating passenger flow in urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining relevant information about urban rail transit stations, performing passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtaining passenger demand results;

[0007] Establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and constructing station facility instances, facility networks, and passenger instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results;

[0008] The flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities is simulated in the passenger flow simulation system according to the station facility instance, facility network and passenger instance.

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system based on a queuing network, comprising:

[0010] A data module is used to obtain information related to urban rail transit stations, perform passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtain passenger demand results;

[0011] A construction module is used to establish an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and to construct a station facility instance, a facility network, and a passenger instance in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results;

[0012] The simulation module is used to simulate the flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system based on the station facility instance, facility network and passenger instance.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for simulating passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network are implemented.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program for implementing information transmission is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method based on a queuing network are implemented.

[0015] The following benefits can be achieved by implementing the present invention: By establishing a mesoscopic simulation model based on a queuing network, the present invention can meet large-scale simulation needs while addressing the lack of research on mesoscopic simulation models with high simulation accuracy. This provides a scientific basis for the operational management of urban rail transit operators (subway companies), helping them meet growing travel demand and improve the sustainability of urban transportation systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for simulating passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a processing flow chart of a multi-agent simulation method for passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the network facility structure in the inbound direction of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the outbound network infrastructure structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of passenger flow data at Station A according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of passenger flow data of Station B according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the overall output of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing a passenger time list according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing a passenger route list according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a passenger flow simulation system for an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0028] Method Example

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for simulating passenger flow in urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network is provided. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for simulating passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0030] Step S101: Obtain relevant information about urban rail transit stations, perform passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtain passenger demand results; the relevant information includes physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities, inbound and outbound passenger flow data within a day, and train operation data of the station within a day; specifically, it includes:

[0031] Based on the physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities and the inbound and outbound passenger flow data within a day, the starting and ending OD of each passenger, the arrival time and number of passengers are determined to obtain the passenger demand results;

[0032] The physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities include station facility data, number of station facilities, facility layout, facility length and facility width;

[0033] The train operation data includes train arrival time, train stay time at the station, vehicle travel direction, number of carriages and carriage capacity;

[0034] Step S102: establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, constructing station facility instances, facility networks, and passenger instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results, specifically including:

[0035] Establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system and setting the system's simulation clock and simulation time step; wherein the passenger flow simulation system includes a mesoscopic simulation model based on a queuing network;

[0036] Constructing station facility instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on station facility data; wherein the station facilities include service facilities and passage facilities; initializing the name, serial number, type, service time and number of service counters of the service facility instances; and initializing the name, serial number, type, length, upstream and downstream connection facilities and facility capacity of the passage facility instances;

[0037] Constructing a facility network in the passenger flow simulation system according to the physical network information and parameters of the urban rail transit station facilities; wherein the facility network includes an inbound facility network and an outbound facility network;

[0038] According to the passenger flow data of inbound and outbound passengers and the passenger demand results within a day, a passenger instance is constructed in the passenger flow simulation system, a simulation clock, a state set and an action set of each passenger are established, and a depth-first algorithm is used to obtain the path of each passenger in the station according to the passenger's OD;

[0039] Step S103, simulating the flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system according to the station facility instance, facility network, and passenger instance, specifically includes:

[0040] According to the station facility instance, the facility network and the passenger instance, the inbound facility queue, the inbound facility service desk, the outbound facility queue and the outbound facility service desk in the passenger flow simulation system are traversed in a loop at each time step until all time steps are traversed and the simulation ends;

[0041] The method further comprises:

[0042] The simulation result data is output and stored; wherein, the simulation result data includes the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, and the time list and path list of each passenger.

[0043] The above technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the specific situation of the urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method based on a queuing network according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides a multi-agent simulation method for passenger flow in urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network and establishes a meso-level simulation model, which ensures both simulation efficiency and simulation precision. Specifically, the method includes:

[0045] S1: Data preparation and preprocessing. The data includes the physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities, daily inbound and outbound passenger flow data, and daily train operation data for the station.

[0046] S2: Passenger demand analysis. This includes determining and analyzing each passenger's OD, determining the passenger's arrival time, and determining the number of arriving passengers.

[0047] S3: Establish the basic components of the simulation system, such as the simulation clock and simulation time step. For example, the simulation clock is set and the start and end times of the simulation are determined. At the same time, the current time of the simulation clock can be obtained and the simulation time step is determined, which is generally one second per time interval.

[0048] S4: Read the station facility data and create an object instance of each facility in the simulation system. The facilities are divided into service facilities and channel facilities.

[0049] For channel facilities, the entire channel is abstracted as a service desk. Therefore, a service desk and a queue are established for each channel facility. The service desk can serve multiple passengers simultaneously. The number of passengers it can serve is the capacity of the entire channel. The capacity of the queue is obtained by reading data. In addition to basic attributes such as the channel name, serial number, and type, its length and the speed of passengers traveling within the channel need to be defined. The passenger speed is related to the number of passengers in the channel and is calculated as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where V n is the average walking speed when there are n pedestrians in the channel, in m / s; V1 is the free walking speed of a single pedestrian in the facility, in m / s; the calculation formulas for β and γ are as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Where V a Refers to a crowd density of 2 people / m 2 The running speed, V b Refers to a crowd density of 4 people / m 2 a=2lw,b=4lw,where l and w are the length and width of the channel respectively.

[0054] The service time of the channel facilities can be calculated based on the channel length and travel speed as follows:

[0055]

[0056] In addition, since channel facilities are generally bidirectional, the above attributes need to distinguish between the entry and exit directions.

[0057] For service facilities, each service channel is abstracted as a service desk. Therefore, multiple service desks are required, along with a corresponding number of queues. Each service desk can only serve one passenger at a time, and the queue capacity is determined by data reading. Since the service time of service facilities is generally fixed and unaffected by passenger speed, it is determined as a parameter through data reading.

[0058] S5: Based on the physical network information of urban rail transit station facilities, construct facility networks for both entry and exit scenarios. Connect all subway station facilities into a network, primarily by adding nodes and edges to the network and establishing connections between each facility and other facilities. Because passenger entry and exit routes and the facilities they pass through differ, separate entry and exit facility networks are necessary.

[0059] S6: Read the inbound and outbound passenger flow data and create an object instance for each passenger based on their needs. This includes:

[0060] S61: Determine the passenger's point O and point D based on the read data.

[0061] S62: Determine the passenger's path within the station using a path search method based on the passenger's OD point. The path search method used in the embodiment of the present invention is a depth-first search algorithm (DFS), and its steps are:

[0062] ① Select the starting node: Select the starting node of the graph or tree as the starting point of the search.

[0063] ②Mark node: Mark the starting node as visited to avoid repeated visits.

[0064] ③ Explore adjacent nodes: Starting from the current node, select an unvisited adjacent node and then proceed to that node. If there are multiple adjacent nodes, you can choose one based on a certain rule (for example, based on the size of the node number).

[0065] ④ Recursive Depth: For the currently selected adjacent node, recursively execute steps ② and ③, that is, mark the node as visited and explore its adjacent nodes. This step will make the depth-first search go as deep as possible along a path until it can no longer continue.

[0066] ⑤ Backtracking: When it is impossible to go deeper, backtrack to the last node that has not been explored and repeat step ③; if all adjacent nodes have been visited, backtrack more steps until an unvisited node is found or the starting node is returned.

[0067] ⑥ Repeat steps: Repeat steps ③ to ⑤ until all reachable nodes have been visited.

[0068] S63: Set the passenger's starting time according to the passenger entry time determined by the passenger demand analysis in S2.

[0069] S64: Create a passenger object instance for each passenger, and establish the passenger's state set, action set, and passenger simulation clock.

[0070] S7: Traverses each queuing system's service desks and queues at each time step, simulating the movement of passengers between facilities. This includes:

[0071] S71: Traverse the queues of all facilities at each time step.

[0072] S711: First, traverse the queue of channel facilities.

[0073] ① Determine the queue of each channel-type facility. If there are no passengers in the queue, skip the facility; if there are passengers in the queue, proceed to step ②.

[0074] ②Evaluate each passenger in the queue. If the passenger is the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger moves from the queue to the service counter to receive service. The service time of the channel facility service counter at that time is calculated, and the passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time plus the service time. The passenger's status changes from "In Queue" to "Receiving Service". If the passenger does not meet the conditions of being the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger continues to wait in the queue. The passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time and the status remains unchanged.

[0075] S712: Then traverse the queue of the service facilities.

[0076] ① Determine the queue of each service facility. If there are no passengers in the queue, skip the facility. If there are passengers in the queue, proceed to step ②.

[0077] ②Evaluate each passenger in the queue. If the passenger is the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger moves from the queue to the service counter to receive service. The passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time plus the service time, and the passenger's status changes from "In Queue" to "Receiving Service." If the passenger does not meet the conditions of being the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger continues to wait in the queue. The passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time, and the status remains unchanged.

[0078] It should be noted that when the service facility is a platform, passengers entering the service platform will board the train and leave the station; in addition to the above conditions, whether a passenger can enter the service platform also needs to consider whether there is a train stopping at the current station.

[0079] S72: Traverse all service stations at each time step.

[0080] S721: First, traverse the service desks of channel facilities.

[0081] ①Judge the service desk of each channel-type facility. If there is no passenger at the service desk, skip the facility; if there is a passenger at the service desk, go to step ②.

[0082] ②Evaluate each passenger at the service counter. If the current time is less than the passenger's simulated clock, the passenger has not yet completed service. If the current time is equal to the passenger's simulated clock, the passenger has completed service and needs to be sent to the queue for the next facility, which means proceeding to step ③.

[0083] ③ Determine whether the next facility is a passageway or a service facility. If the next facility is a passageway, since it only has one queue, the passenger is sent to that queue. If the next facility is a service facility, since it has multiple queues, the queue with the fewest people is selected and the passenger is sent to that queue.

[0084] S722: Then, the service desks of the service facilities are traversed.

[0085] ① Check each service counter of each service facility. If there is no passenger at the counter, skip the counter. If there is a passenger at the counter, proceed to step ②. If there are no passengers at any counter, skip the facility.

[0086] ②Evaluate each passenger at the service counter. If the current time is less than the passenger's simulated clock, the passenger has not yet completed service. If the current time is equal to the passenger's simulated clock, the passenger has completed service and needs to be sent to the queue for the next facility, which means proceeding to step ③.

[0087] ③ Determine whether the next facility is a passageway or a service facility. If the next facility is a passageway, since it only has one queue, the passenger is sent to that queue. If the next facility is a service facility, since it has multiple queues, the queue with the fewest people is selected and the passenger is sent to that queue.

[0088] It is also important to note that when the service facility is a platform, passengers receive the service and then board the train to leave the station.

[0089] S8: Output and store the simulation data. The data obtained from the simulation, such as the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, the time list and path list of each passenger, etc., are written into an Excel spreadsheet and stored.

[0090] Specifically, the processing flow of a multi-agent simulation method for passenger flow in urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0091] Step S1: Data preparation and preprocessing.

[0092] The embodiment of the present invention requires the following data preparation: physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities, passenger flow data of entering and leaving the station within a day, and train operation data of the station within a day. The physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities mainly include the number and layout of station facilities, as well as parameters such as transit time, facility length and width. The layout of station facilities is as follows: Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The parameters of some facilities at the station are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1 Facility parameter data

[0094] Facility Name Number of facilities Facility length Facility capacity Number of service desks Service Hours escalator 6 50 200 1 67 seconds Entry gate 2 — 1 8 3 seconds Security Check 2 — 1 1 1 second

[0095] The data of inbound and outbound passenger flow in a day are the inbound and outbound passenger flow data of Station A and Station B with large inbound and outbound passenger flow in a city from 6:00 to 11:00 on weekdays, as shown in the following figure: Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0096] Select the inbound and outbound passenger flow data for Stations A and B on a specific weekday. Between 6:00 AM and 11:00 PM, the morning peak for inbound passenger flow is from 6:30 AM to 10:30 AM, with a peak occurring between 8:00 AM and 8:30 AM, and a flow of approximately 250 passengers per hour. The evening peak for inbound passenger flow is from 5:00 PM to 8:00 PM, with a peak occurring between 6:00 PM and 6:30 PM, and a flow of approximately 200 passengers per hour. The morning peak for outbound passenger flow is from 7:30 AM to 10:30 AM, with a peak occurring between 8:30 AM and 9:00 AM, and a flow of approximately 310 passengers per hour. The evening peak for outbound passenger flow is from 5:30 PM to 11:00 PM, with a peak occurring between 7:00 PM and 7:30 PM, and a flow of approximately 170 passengers per hour. The daily passenger flow in and out of Station A is 32,874 and 34,870 respectively; the daily passenger flow in and out of Station B is 41,761 and 38,666 respectively.

[0097] The train operation data includes train arrival time, train stay time at the station, vehicle travel direction, and the number and capacity of carriages, as shown in Table 2.

[0098] Table 2 Train operation data

[0099] Arrival time Dwell time Driving direction Carriage capacity Number of carriages 06:00:26 30 seconds 1 400 8 06:02:45 30 seconds 0 400 8 06:05:12 30 seconds 0 400 8 06:05:26 30 seconds 1 400 8

[0100] Note: In the table, the direction of travel column 0 represents the train going up, and 1 represents the train going down.

[0101] Step S2: Analyze passenger demand based on the inbound and outbound passenger flow data and the physical network information of the station facilities. This part mainly includes determining and analyzing the OD of each passenger, determining the arrival time of the passenger, and determining the number of passengers arriving. Since a subway station has multiple entrances and platforms, for each passenger agent, its OD needs to be determined before subsequent operations can be performed, and the arrival time is to determine when the passenger enters the simulation system. The number of passengers arriving is the total number of passengers entering the subway station in each time period (taking ten minutes as an example). In the embodiment of the present invention, four entrances A, B, C, and D and two platforms Platform 1 and Platform 2 are selected, that is, the passenger's O is one of the four entrances, and D is one of the two platforms.

[0102] Step S3: Establish the basic structure of the simulation system, including the simulation clock, simulation time step, etc. In this embodiment of the present invention, the simulation start time is set to 6:00, the simulation end time is set to 23:00, and the simulation time step is 1 second. The current simulation time of the simulation clock can be obtained through CurrentTime.

[0103] Step S4: Read the pre-processed urban rail transit station facility data, and create an object instance of each facility in the simulation system based on the read data. The format of the read data is shown in Table 3.

[0104] Table 3 Facility data reading format

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] The second column, Type, is used to distinguish between channel facilities and service facilities. 0 represents a channel facility and 1 represents a service facility. The fourth column, Facility Type, is used to represent different facilities, with each number corresponding to a type of facility. The seventh column, Service Time, is calculated during the simulation process because channel service facilities are not fixed values, and is not read from the facility data.

[0108] Creating instance objects for each facility also requires distinguishing the facilities. For channel facilities, their name, serial number, type, length, upstream and downstream connections, and facility capacity need to be initialized; for service facilities, their name, serial number, type, service time, and number of service stations need to be initialized. The service time of channel facilities needs to be calculated during the simulation using the following formula:

[0109]

[0110] In the embodiment of the present invention, V1 is set to 1.5 m / s.

[0111] Step S5: Based on the physical network information of urban rail transit station facilities, construct the facility network for the entry and exit scenarios. The network construction part mainly involves the following methods: adding nodes AddElement, adding edges AddEdge, getting upstream facilities GetUp, getting downstream facilities GetDown and generating the network MakeInGraph. This part is mainly to connect all subway station facilities into a network, mainly including adding nodes and edges of the network, and building the connection relationship between each facility and other facilities. Since the routes and facilities passed by passengers entering and exiting the station are different, it is necessary to establish the entry facility network InGraph and the exit facility network OutGraph separately. The two networks are independent of each other.

[0112] Step S6: Read the pre-processed inbound and outbound passenger flow data, and create an object instance for each passenger according to the passenger's needs. The format of the read passenger data is shown in Table 4.

[0113] Table 4 Passenger data reading format

[0114] O D Start time Ending time Number of passengers Station A Platform 1 6:00 6:10 25 Station B Platform 1 6:00 6:10 25 Exit C Platform 1 6:00 6:10 25 Exit D Platform 1 6:00 6:10 25 Station A Platform 2 8:50 9:00 225 Station B Platform 2 8:50 9:00 225 Exit C Platform 2 8:50 9:00 225 Exit D Platform 2 8:50 9:00 225

[0115] The first column represents the starting node of the passenger, the second column represents the ending node of the passenger, the third and fourth columns constitute the time period when the passenger enters, and the fifth column represents the number of passengers, that is, how many passengers enter the simulation system during the time period.

[0116] For each passenger, the specific time they enter the system, StartTime, is determined. In this embodiment, the passenger's StartTime is defined by adding the read start time to a random number between the start and end times. With StartTime, O, and D, a passenger object is created. For each passenger, a simulation clock DT, a state set State, and an action set Acticity are established to simulate the system's behavior and states within the subway station, allowing the passenger agent to move within the system according to specific rules.

[0117] After the passenger object is created, the depth-first algorithm is used to search for the shortest path between the OD points as the passenger's route, and all created passengers are moved into the queue at the entrance to wait for entry into the system.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present invention, the total number of passengers entering the station is designed to be 91,920, and the total number of passengers leaving the station is designed to be 74,736.

[0119] Step S7: Traverse each queuing system's service desks and queues at each time step, simulating passenger movement between facilities. This step, the core step of this embodiment, is divided into four parts: traversing the inbound facility queues, traversing the inbound facility service desks, traversing the outbound facility queues, and traversing the outbound facility service desks.

[0120] S71: Traverse the queues of all incoming facilities at each time step.

[0121] S711: First, traverse the queues of channel facilities in the entry facilities.

[0122] ① Determine the queue of Passengers for each channel-type facility. If there are no passengers in the queue, skip the facility; if there are passengers in the queue, proceed to step ②.

[0123] ②Evaluate each passenger in the queue. If the passenger is the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger moves from the queue to the service counter to receive service. The service time ServiceTime of the channel facility service counter is calculated at this time. The passenger's simulation clock DT is updated to the current time plus the service time (DT = CurrentTime + ServiceTime), and the passenger's state State changes from "In the queue" to "Receiving service". If the passenger does not meet the conditions of being the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger continues to wait in the queue. The passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time, that is, DT = CurrentTime, and the state State remains unchanged.

[0124] S712: Then traverse the queue of the service facility.

[0125] ① Determine the queue Passengers for each service facility. If there are no passengers in the queue, skip the facility. If there are passengers in the queue, proceed to step ②.

[0126] ②Evaluate each passenger in the queue. If the passenger is the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger moves from the queue to the service counter to receive service. The passenger's simulation clock DT is updated to the current time plus the service time (DT = CurrentTime + ServiceTime), and the passenger's State changes from "In the queue" to "Receiving service." If the passenger does not meet the conditions of being the first passenger in the queue and the service counter is not full at that moment, the passenger continues to wait in the queue. The passenger's simulation clock is updated to the current time, that is, DT = CurrentTime, and the State remains unchanged.

[0127] S72: Traverse the service desks of all inbound facilities at each time step.

[0128] S721: First, traverse the service desks ServiceCounter of the channel facilities.

[0129] ① Judge each service desk ServiceCounter of the channel facilities. If there is no passenger in the service desk, skip this facility; if there is a passenger in the service desk, go to step ②.

[0130] ② Judge each passenger passenger in the service desk. If the current time CurrentTime is less than the simulation clock DT of the passenger, that is, DT < CurrentTime, it means that the passenger has not finished service; if the current time CurrentTime is equal to the simulation clock DT of the passenger, that is, CurrentTime = DT, it means that the passenger has finished service and needs to send the passenger into the queue Queue of the next facility, that is, go to step ③.

[0131] ③ Judge whether the next facility is a channel facility or a service facility. If the next facility is a channel facility, since it has only one queue, send the passenger into this queue; if the next facility is a service facility, since it has multiple queues, it is necessary to select the queue with the fewest number of people and send the passenger into this queue.

[0132] S722: Then, traverse the service desks ServiceCounter of the service facilities.

[0133] ① Judge each service desk ServiceCounter of each service facility. If there is no passenger in the service desk, skip this service desk; if there is a passenger in the service desk, go to step ②. If there is no passenger in all service desks, skip this facility.

[0134] ② Judge each passenger passenger in the service desk. If the current time CurrentTime is less than the simulation clock DT of the passenger, that is, DT < CurrentTime, it means that the passenger has not finished service; if the current time CurrentTime is equal to the simulation clock DT of the passenger, that is, CurrentTime = DT, it means that the passenger has finished service and needs to send the passenger into the queue Queue of the next facility, that is, go to step ③.

[0135] ③ Determine whether the next facility is a passageway or a service facility. If the next facility is a passageway, since it only has one queue, the passenger is sent to that queue. If the next facility is a service facility, since it has multiple queues, the queue with the fewest people is selected and the passenger is sent to that queue.

[0136] S73: Traverse the queues of all outbound facilities at each time step. The specific steps and operations are the same as S71.

[0137] S74: Traverse the service desks of all outbound facilities at each time step. The specific steps and operations are the same as S72.

[0138] When all time step cycles are completed, the simulation process also ends. The next step is to store and output the simulation data and the obtained results.

[0139] Step S8: Output and store the data obtained from the simulation. This part mainly writes the data obtained from the simulation, such as the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, the time list and path list of each passenger, etc., into an Excel spreadsheet and stores them to facilitate subsequent analysis of the simulation data. Figures 7 to 9 Part of the data table obtained from the simulation is shown.

[0140] Finally, the main constituent classes of the simulation model established in the embodiment of the present invention are displayed, as shown in Tables 5 to 9.

[0141] Table 5 Pedestrian agent classes

[0142]

[0143] Table 6 Read data class

[0144]

[0145] Table 7 Constructing network classes

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] Table 8 Simulation control class

[0149]

[0150] Table 9 Storage data class

[0151]

[0152] System Example

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a passenger flow simulation system for urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network is provided. Figure 10 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a passenger flow simulation system for urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 As shown, the urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system based on the queuing network according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0154] The data module 1000 is used to obtain information related to urban rail transit stations, perform passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtain passenger demand results;

[0155] A construction module 1002 is used to establish an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and to construct station facility instances, facility networks, and passenger instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results;

[0156] A simulation module 1004 is configured to simulate the flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system based on the station facility instance, facility network, and passenger instance;

[0157] The system further comprises:

[0158] The simulation result output module is used to output and store the simulation result data; wherein, the simulation result data includes the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, and the time list and path list of each passenger.

[0159] The embodiment of the present invention is a system embodiment corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiment. The specific operations of each module can be understood by referring to the description of the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0160] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-agent simulation method for passenger flow in an urban rail transit station based on a queuing network, the method comprising: 1) data preparation and preprocessing, obtaining physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities, inbound and outbound passenger flow data within a day, and train operation data of the station within a day; 2) passenger demand analysis based on inbound and outbound passenger flow data and physical network information of station facilities; 3) establishing the basic structure of the simulation system, including a simulation clock, a simulation time step, etc.; 4) reading the preprocessed urban rail transit station facility data, and establishing an object instance of each facility in the simulation system based on the read data; 5) constructing a facility network under inbound and outbound scenarios based on the physical network information of urban rail transit station facilities; 6) reading the preprocessed inbound and outbound passenger flow data, and establishing an object instance for each passenger based on passenger demand; 7) traversing the service desk and queue of each queuing system at each time step to simulate the movement of passengers between facilities; 8) outputting and storing the data obtained from the simulation. The embodiment of the present invention relies on the concept of queuing networks and abstracts the facilities in urban rail transit stations into a queuing system, which more intuitively describes the situation of passengers queuing and receiving services at a certain facility. The embodiment of the present invention can be used to simulate large passenger flow entry and large passenger flow evacuation scenarios, respectively, to obtain the total delay time of passengers in the station and the delay time at each facility, and to identify the bottleneck facilities of the entire station under large passenger flow conditions. The passenger flow control (passenger flow distribution, opening and closing facilities, queuing guidance, etc.) of the station is simulated and adjusted. The passenger delay time and the queuing situation of the facilities will change accordingly, and the operation management department can use this as a basis to formulate corresponding control strategies.

[0161] Device Example 1

[0162] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program implements the steps described in the method embodiment when executed by the processor.

[0163] Device Example 2

[0164] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program for implementing information transmission is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps described in the method embodiment are implemented.

[0165] The computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0166] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passenger flow simulation method for urban rail transit stations based on a queuing network, characterized in that include: Obtaining relevant information about urban rail transit stations, performing passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtaining passenger demand results; Establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and constructing station facility instances, facility networks, and passenger instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results; The flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities is simulated in the passenger flow simulation system according to the station facility instance, facility network and passenger instance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The simulation result data is output and stored; wherein, the simulation result data includes the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, and the time list and path list of each passenger.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The relevant information includes physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities, passenger flow data of inbound and outbound passengers within a day, and train operation data of the station within a day; The physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities include station facility data, number of station facilities, facility layout, facility length and facility width; The train operation data includes train arrival time, train stay time at the station, vehicle travel direction, number of carriages and carriage capacity.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Performing a passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information to obtain passenger demand results specifically includes: Based on the physical network information and parameters of urban rail transit station facilities and the inbound and outbound passenger flow data within a day, the starting and ending OD of each passenger, the arrival time and number of passengers are determined to obtain the passenger demand results.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and constructing station facility instances, facility networks, and passenger instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results specifically includes: Establishing an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system and setting the system's simulation clock and simulation time step; wherein the passenger flow simulation system includes a mesoscopic simulation model based on a queuing network; Constructing station facility instances in the passenger flow simulation system based on station facility data; wherein the station facilities include service facilities and passage facilities; initializing the name, serial number, type, service time and number of service counters of the service facility instances; and initializing the name, serial number, type, length, upstream and downstream connection facilities and facility capacity of the passage facility instances; Constructing a facility network in the passenger flow simulation system according to the physical network information and parameters of the urban rail transit station facilities; wherein the facility network includes an inbound facility network and an outbound facility network; According to the inbound and outbound passenger flow data and passenger demand results within a day, a passenger instance is constructed in the passenger flow simulation system, a simulation clock, state set and action set of each passenger are established, and a depth-first algorithm is used to obtain the path of each passenger in the station according to the passenger's OD.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The simulation of passenger flow between urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system according to the station facility instance, the facility network and the passenger instance specifically includes: According to the station facility instance, facility network and passenger instance, the entry facility queue, entry facility service desk, exit facility queue and exit facility service desk in the passenger flow simulation system are traversed in a loop at each time step until all time steps are traversed and the simulation ends.

7. An urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system based on a queuing network, characterized in that include: A data module is used to obtain information related to urban rail transit stations, perform passenger demand analysis based on the relevant information, and obtain passenger demand results; A construction module is used to establish an urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation system, and to construct a station facility instance, a facility network, and a passenger instance in the passenger flow simulation system based on the relevant information and the passenger demand results; The simulation module is used to simulate the flow of passengers between urban rail transit station facilities in the passenger flow simulation system based on the station facility instance, facility network and passenger instance.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The system further comprises: The simulation result output module is used to output and store the simulation result data; wherein, the simulation result data includes the total number of entering passengers and the number of boarding passengers, the number of passengers passing through key nodes, and the time list and path list of each passenger.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method based on a queuing network are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores an implementation program for information transmission, and when the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the urban rail transit station passenger flow simulation method based on a queuing network as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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