Fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method and device, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a single voltage and an offset difference of a target fuel cell in a preset diagnosis period; obtaining the actual current of the target fuel cell in a preset diagnosis period, and calculating first to fourth diagnosis reference values according to the actual current; judging the fault level of the target fuel cell according to the average monomer voltage, the offset difference and the first to fourth diagnosis reference values; acquiring current operation parameters of the target fuel cell, and judging whether a preset fault type occurs or not according to the current operation parameters and the fault level; when any preset fault occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained, and at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy is regulated and controlled according to the actual duration. Therefore, the problems that an existing fuel cell fault diagnosis method is low in diagnosis progress, and a recovery strategy cannot be further given according to a diagnosis result are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, device, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] During operation, fuel cells are prone to failures such as membrane drying, flooding, and gas shortage, which affect the fuel cell's service life and reliability. Therefore, existing solutions propose fuel cell diagnosis based on signals such as fuel cell voltage and impedance spectrum, and also combine diagnosis with methods such as neural networks and support vector machines. For example, a fuel cell stack diagnosis method, device, and computer storage medium are proposed. In this solution, the current output current of the fuel cell and the cell voltages of all cells in the current fuel cell stack are obtained; a first-order linear fit is performed on the cell voltages of all cells to obtain the current values ​​of the preset characteristic parameters of the fitting trend line; a preset database is searched based on the current output current to obtain reference values ​​of the preset characteristic parameters corresponding to the current output current; wherein the preset database stores reference values ​​of preset characteristic parameters corresponding to different output currents and different preset operating conditions for controlling the fuel cell stack; the operating status of the fuel cell stack is diagnosed based on the current values ​​of the preset characteristic parameters and the reference values ​​of the preset characteristic parameters to obtain a diagnostic result. That is, diagnosis is performed based on the linear fitting characteristics of the stack voltage. However, this solution, which relies solely on voltage signals, is easily affected by stack aging, poisoning, and other phenomena, affecting the final diagnostic accuracy. For example, a method and device for online diagnosis of water flooding faults in a fuel cell system stack is provided. In this scheme, the stack status parameters are obtained, and the stack fault is determined according to a first set condition; the cathode flow is increased, and the stack cathode fault is determined according to a second set condition; an instantaneous pulse current excitation is applied to the stack, and the voltage changes of each single cell in the stack are recorded, and the stack anode fault is determined according to a third set condition. That is, the water flooding fault diagnosis is performed based on the average single cell voltage, the minimum single cell voltage and the extreme difference. However, this scheme does not further propose a recovery strategy based on the diagnosis results to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell engine.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can diagnose fuel cell faults with high accuracy and provide recovery strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, apparatus, device and medium to solve the problems of existing fuel cell fault diagnosis methods, such as low diagnostic progress and inability to provide recovery strategies based on the diagnostic results.

[0005] A first embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, comprising the following steps: Obtain the average cell voltage and average offset difference of the target fuel cell in a preset diagnostic cycle; obtain the actual current of the target fuel cell in the preset diagnostic cycle, and calculate the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value and the fourth diagnostic reference value based on the actual current; determine the fault level of the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value and the fourth diagnostic reference value; obtain the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, and determine whether a preset fault type occurs based on the current operating parameters and the fault level, wherein the preset fault types include water flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas deficiency fault and negative gas deficiency fault; when any fault of the preset fault types occurs, obtain the actual duration of the current fault, and adjust at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy based on the actual duration.

[0006] Optionally, judging whether a preset fault type occurs in the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value, wherein the preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault, includes: The average cell voltage is compared with the first diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference value, no fault has occurred. Otherwise, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference value, a primary fault has occurred. Otherwise, a secondary fault has occurred. If the average cell voltage is less than the first diagnostic reference value, the average cell voltage is compared with the second diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value, the primary fault has occurred. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a third-level fault occurs; otherwise, a second-level fault occurs. If the average cell voltage is smaller than the second diagnostic reference value, a second-level fault occurs. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a fourth-level fault occurs; otherwise, a third-level fault occurs.

[0007] Optionally, the acquiring current operating parameters of the target fuel cell and determining whether a preset fault type occurs according to the current operating parameters and the fault level includes: Obtain current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, wherein the current operating parameters include the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest piece position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and hydrogen inlet stack temperature; determine whether the preset fault type is the flooding fault based on the lowest cell position, the cell voltage second lowest piece position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet stack temperature and the fault level; determine whether the preset fault type is the membrane dry fault based on the lowest cell position, the high-frequency impedance, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop and the fault level; determine whether the preset fault type is the anode gas shortage fault or the cathode gas shortage fault based on the air metering, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and the fault level.

[0008] Optionally, when any of the preset fault types occurs, obtaining an actual duration of the current fault, and adjusting at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy according to the actual duration, includes: When any fault of the preset fault types occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

[0009] A second embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device, comprising: An acquisition module is used to obtain the average cell voltage and average offset difference of the target fuel cell in a preset diagnostic cycle; a calculation module is used to obtain the actual current of the target fuel cell in the preset diagnostic cycle, and calculate the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value and the fourth diagnostic reference value based on the actual current; a level judgment module is used to judge the fault level of the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value and the fourth diagnostic reference value; a type judgment module is used to obtain the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, and judge whether a preset fault type occurs based on the current operating parameters and the fault level, wherein the preset fault types include water flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas deficiency fault and negative gas deficiency fault; a recovery strategy module is used to obtain the actual duration of the current fault when any fault of the preset fault type occurs, and adjust at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy according to the actual duration.

[0010] Optionally, the level judgment module includes: The average cell voltage is compared with the first diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference value, no fault has occurred. Otherwise, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference value, a primary fault has occurred. Otherwise, a secondary fault has occurred. If the average cell voltage is less than the first diagnostic reference value, the average cell voltage is compared with the second diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value, the primary fault has occurred. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a third-level fault occurs; otherwise, a second-level fault occurs. If the average cell voltage is smaller than the second diagnostic reference value, a second-level fault occurs. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is smaller than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a fourth-level fault occurs; otherwise, a third-level fault occurs.

[0011] Optionally, the type determination module includes: An acquisition unit is used to acquire the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, wherein the current operating parameters include the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest piece position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and hydrogen inlet stack temperature; a first judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is the water flooding fault according to the lowest cell position, the cell voltage second lowest piece position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet stack temperature and the fault level; a second judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is the membrane dry fault according to the lowest cell position, the high-frequency impedance, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop and the fault level; a third judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is the anode gas shortage fault or the cathode gas shortage fault according to the air metering, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and the fault level.

[0012] Optionally, the recovery strategy module includes: When any fault of the preset fault types occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

[0013] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method as described in the above embodiment.

[0014] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method.

[0015] The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, device, equipment and medium proposed in the embodiments of the present invention identify the fault type and fault level based on sensors such as the current operating voltage, consistency, BOP power consumption, and lowest cell position of the fuel cell, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient diagnostic accuracy due to a single variable; divide the control range and control priority of the recovery strategy according to different fault types and fault levels, thereby realizing online diagnosis and recovery of fuel cell faults of different levels and types; perform online diagnosis and recovery based on rules, which is easy to apply online, and realize precise control of the system through recovery according to different levels and types of faults.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A flowchart of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall execution of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a specific implementation of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A flood fault diagnosis flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A flow chart of membrane dry fault diagnosis provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A flow chart for diagnosing a low-gas fault provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A block diagram of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0019] The following describes the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, device, equipment and medium according to the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method includes the following steps: In step S101 , the average cell voltage and average offset difference of a target fuel cell in a preset diagnosis period are obtained.

[0022] In the actual execution process, the average cell voltage V of the target fuel cell currently running is obtained. m , deviation range ΔV: V m =V 总 / n ΔV=V m -V min Among them, V 总 is the current total voltage of the fuel cell, n is the number of fuel cell monomers, V min It is the minimum cell voltage of the fuel cell.

[0023] During the operation of a fuel cell, the voltage will inevitably fluctuate at the same current, affecting the diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, during operation, a 20s diagnostic cycle can be used, and the average cell voltage accumulated within 20s and the deviation from the deviation can be used as a judgment threshold within a diagnostic cycle, where t is the start time of a diagnostic cycle. is the average cell voltage, is the mean offset difference:

[0024]

[0025] In step S102 , the actual current of the target fuel cell in a preset diagnostic cycle is obtained, and a first diagnostic reference value, a second diagnostic reference value, a third diagnostic reference value, and a fourth diagnostic reference value are calculated based on the actual current.

[0026] In actual implementation, when a fuel cell is operating, if the average cell voltage and the average deviation show significant deviation at the same current, the fuel cell is considered to be in an abnormal state. Therefore, a fuel cell fault is considered to occur if either the average cell voltage or the average deviation exceeds the normal range within a diagnostic cycle. Furthermore, regardless of the type of fuel cell fault, it will ultimately affect the average cell voltage and the average deviation. Therefore, the deviation of the average cell voltage and the average deviation from the first, second, third, and fourth diagnostic reference values ​​within the diagnostic cycle is used as the basis for fault classification. The actual current of the target fuel cell during the preset diagnostic cycle is obtained, and the first, second, third, and fourth diagnostic reference values ​​are calculated based on this actual current.

[0027] In step S103 , the failure level of the target fuel cell is determined based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value.

[0028] In the actual implementation process, Figure 2 and 3 As shown, according to the average single cell voltage , mean offset difference , the first diagnostic reference value V mt-d1 , the second diagnostic reference value V mt-d2 , the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 and the fourth diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d2 Determine whether the target fuel cell has a preset fault type. In the figure, K is the fuel cell fault status word, 0-no fault, 1-fault. W represents the fuel cell fault level, 1-level 1 fault, 2-level 2 fault, 3-level 3 fault, 4-level 4 fault. The specific judgment process is as follows: The average cell voltage and the first diagnostic reference value V mt-d1 For comparison, if the average cell voltage Greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value V mt-d1 , then the average offset difference and the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 For comparison, if the average deviation Greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference ΔV t-d1 , then there is no fault, otherwise, the average offset difference and the fourth diagnostic reference ΔV t-d2 For comparison, if the average deviation Greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference ΔV t-d2 , a first-level fault occurs (i.e., a 1-1 level fault); otherwise, a second-level fault occurs (i.e., a 2-2 level fault); If the average cell voltage Less than the first diagnostic reference value V mt-d1 , then the average cell voltage and the second diagnostic reference value V mt-d2 For comparison, if the average cell voltage Greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value V mt-d2 , a level 1 fault (i.e., level 1-1 fault) occurs, and the average offset difference and the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 If the average deviation is Less than the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 , then the average offset difference and the fourth diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d2 For comparison, if the average deviation Less than the fourth diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d2 , a third-level fault occurs (i.e., a 3-3 level fault); otherwise, a second-level fault occurs (i.e., a 2-2 level fault); If the average cell voltage Less than the second diagnostic reference value V mt-d2 , a secondary fault (i.e., a 2-2 fault) occurs, and the average offset difference and the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 For comparison, if the average deviation Less than the third diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d1 , then the average offset difference and the fourth diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d2 For comparison, if the average deviation Less than the fourth diagnostic reference value ΔV t-d2 , a level 4 fault (i.e., a level 4-4 fault) occurs; conversely, a level 3 fault (i.e., a level 3-3 fault) occurs. In step S104, the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell are obtained. Based on the current operating parameters and the fault level, a determination is made as to whether a preset fault type has occurred. Preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry-out fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault.

[0029] In some embodiments, obtaining current operating parameters of the target fuel cell and determining whether a preset fault type occurs based on the current operating parameters and the fault level include: Obtain the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, including the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, and hydrogen inlet temperature; Determine whether the preset fault type is a flooding fault based on the lowest cell position, the second lowest cell voltage position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet temperature, and the fault level; Determine whether the preset fault type is a membrane dry fault based on the lowest cell position, high-frequency impedance, cathode inlet and outlet voltage drop, and fault level; According to the air metering, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and fault level, it is determined whether the preset fault type is a positive gas shortage fault or a negative gas shortage fault.

[0030] In the actual implementation process, Figure 4 As shown, when judging whether the target fuel cell has a fault, first determine whether a flood fault diagnosis has occurred, obtain the lowest cell position No.min and the second lowest cell voltage position 2 of the target fuel cell currently running. nd .No.min, Hydrogen circulation pump power consumption P H2_pump and hydrogen inlet temperature T H2_in .

[0031] Further, determine whether the lowest cell position No.min of the current operation is equal to 1-5. If not, enter the membrane fault diagnosis. If so, determine the cell voltage second lowest cell position 2 nd Is No.min equal to 1-5? If so, the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a flooding fault. If not, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption P H2_pump and the first preset fuel cell flooding fault threshold P H2_pump_d1 For comparison, if the power consumption of hydrogen circulation pump P H2_pump Greater than the first preset fuel cell flooding fault threshold P H2_pump_d1 , then the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a flooding fault. Otherwise, the hydrogen is fed into the stack at a temperature T H2_in and the second preset fuel cell flooding fault threshold T H2_pump_d For comparison, if the hydrogen inlet temperature T H2_in Less than the second preset fuel cell flooding fault threshold T H2_pump_d , then the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a flooding fault. Otherwise, the membrane dry fault diagnosis process is entered.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the lowest cell position No.min, high frequency impedance HFR, and cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP of the target fuel cell currently operating are obtained. Ca and the high frequency impedance HFR is compared with the first fuel cell membrane dry failure threshold HFR d If the high frequency impedance HFR is greater than the first fuel cell membrane dry fault threshold HFR d , the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a membrane dry failure, otherwise, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP Ca The first fuel cell membrane dry fault threshold dP Ca_d1 For comparison, if the cathode inlet and outlet voltage drop dP Ca Greater than the first fuel cell membrane dry fault threshold dP Ca_d1 , then the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a membrane dry fault. Otherwise, it is determined whether the lowest cell position No.min is equal to (40%~60%)×n. If so, the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a membrane dry fault. Otherwise, the process of diagnosing the short of gas fault is entered.

[0033] As shown in Figure 6, the air metering R of the fuel cell currently running is obtained. air , cathode inlet and outlet voltage drop dP Ca , Hydrogen circulation pump power consumption P H2_pump , anode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP An and measure the air R air The first fuel cell under-gas fault threshold R air _ d For comparison, if the air meter R airGreater than the first fuel cell gas failure threshold R air _ d , the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a negative gas failure, otherwise, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP Ca The second fuel cell under-gas fault threshold dP Ca_d2 , if the cathode inlet and outlet voltage drop dP Ca Less than the second fuel cell under-gas fault threshold dP Ca_d2 , the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a negative gas failure, otherwise, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption P H2_pump The third fuel cell gas failure threshold P H2_pump_d2 For comparison, if the power consumption of hydrogen circulation pump P H2_pump Greater than the third fuel cell gas failure threshold P H2_pump_d2 , the target fuel cell is diagnosed to have a fault of insufficient positive gas. Otherwise, the anode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP An The fourth fuel cell under-gas fault threshold dP An_d2 For comparison, if the anode inlet and outlet pressure drop dP An Less than the fourth fuel cell gas failure threshold dP An_d2 , it is diagnosed that the target fuel cell has a positive gas shortage fault, otherwise, it goes to step S104.

[0034] In step S105 , when any fault of the preset fault type occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained, and at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy is adjusted according to the actual duration.

[0035] During the actual execution process, when any fault of the preset fault type occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained, and at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy is adjusted according to the actual duration, including: When any fault of the preset fault type occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

[0036] In the actual execution process, the current fuel cell operating conditions are adjusted to achieve online performance recovery. The control priority decreases from left to right. When a fault occurs, the first priority operating condition is adjusted first. If the system always reports K=1 after 3 minutes, the first and second priority operating conditions are adjusted at the same time. If the system always reports K=1 after 5 minutes, the first, second and third priority operating conditions are adjusted at the same time. coolant_in_cmd , ΔT drn_cmd 、R air_cmd 、n H2_pump_cmd 、P air_in_cmd 、P H2_in_cmd are the reference values ​​of cooling water inlet temperature, drainage frequency, air metering ratio, hydrogen pump speed, air inlet pressure and hydrogen inlet pressure under the corresponding current, T coolant_in1 、T coolant_in2 、T coolant_in3 、T coolant_in4 , ΔT drn1 , ΔT drn2 , ΔT drn3 , ΔT drn4 、R air1 、R air2 、R air3 、R air4 、n H2_pump1 、n H2_pump2 、n H2_pump3 、n H2_pump4 、P air_in1 、P air_in2 、P air_in3 、P air_in4 、P H2_in1 、P H2_in2 、P H2_in3 、P H2_in4 They are the adjustment amplitudes for the four fault levels: cooling water inlet temperature, drainage frequency, air metering ratio, hydrogen pump speed, air inlet pressure, and hydrogen inlet pressure. The amplitude values ​​are obtained based on experimental calibration.

[0037]

[0038] In summary, according to the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the fault type and fault level are identified based on sensors such as the current operating voltage, consistency, BOP power consumption, and lowest cell position of the fuel cell, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient diagnostic accuracy due to a single variable; the control range and control priority of the recovery strategy are divided according to different fault types and fault levels, thereby realizing online diagnosis and recovery of fuel cell faults of different levels and types; online diagnosis and recovery are performed based on rules, which is easy to apply online, and recovery is performed through different levels and types of faults to realize precise control of the system.

[0039] Next, the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device proposed according to the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 7 A block diagram of a fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device 70 includes: an acquisition module 701 , a calculation module 702 , a level judgment module 703 , a type judgment module 704 and a recovery strategy module 705 .

[0042] The acquisition module 701 is used to obtain the average cell voltage and average offset difference of the target fuel cell during a preset diagnostic cycle. The calculation module 702 is used to obtain the actual current of the target fuel cell during the preset diagnostic cycle and calculate the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value based on the actual current. The level determination module 703 is used to determine the fault level of the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value. The type determination module 704 is used to obtain the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell and determine whether a preset fault type has occurred based on the current operating parameters and the fault level. The preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault. The recovery strategy module 705 is used to obtain the actual duration of the current fault when any of the preset fault types occurs and adjust at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy based on the actual duration.

[0043] In some embodiments, the level determination module 702 includes: Comparing the average cell voltage with a first diagnostic reference value; if the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value, then comparing the average offset difference with a third diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference value, then no fault has occurred; otherwise, comparing the average offset difference with a fourth diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference value, then a primary fault has occurred; otherwise, a secondary fault has occurred; If the average cell voltage is less than the first diagnostic reference value, the average cell voltage is compared with the second diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value, a primary fault occurs, and the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a primary fault occurs. Otherwise, a secondary fault occurs. If the average cell voltage is less than the second diagnostic reference value, a level 2 fault occurs, and the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a level 4 fault occurs. Otherwise, a level 3 fault occurs.

[0044] In some embodiments, the type determination module 704 includes: The acquisition unit is used to obtain the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, where the current operating parameters include the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest piece position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and hydrogen inlet temperature; The first judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is a flooding fault based on the lowest cell position, the second lowest cell voltage position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet temperature and the fault level; The second judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is a membrane dry fault according to the lowest cell position, high-frequency impedance, cathode inlet and outlet voltage drop and fault level; The third judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is a positive gas shortage fault or a negative gas shortage fault based on air metering, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and fault level.

[0045] In some embodiments, the recovery strategy module 705 includes: When any fault of the preset fault type occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

[0046] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method embodiment is also applicable to the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] According to the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the fault type and fault level are identified based on sensors such as the current operating voltage, consistency, BOP power consumption, and lowest cell position of the fuel cell, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient diagnostic accuracy due to a single variable; the control range and control priority of the recovery strategy are divided according to different fault types and fault levels, thereby realizing online diagnosis and recovery of fuel cell faults of different levels and types; online diagnosis and recovery are performed based on rules, which is easy to apply online, and recovery is performed through different levels and types of faults, thereby realizing precise control of the system.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include: A memory 801 , a processor 802 , and a computer program stored in the memory 801 and executable on the processor 802 .

[0049] When the processor 802 executes the program, the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0050] Furthermore, the electronic device further includes: The communication interface 803 is used for communication between the memory 801 and the processor 802 .

[0051] The memory 801 is used to store computer programs that can be run on the processor 802.

[0052] The memory 801 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0053] If the memory 801, processor 802, and communication interface 803 are implemented independently, the communication interface 803, memory 801, and processor 802 can be connected to each other via a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0054] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 801, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 are integrated on a chip, the memory 801, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0055] The processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0056] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing a custom logical function or process step, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed in a different order than shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application pertain.

[0060] The logic and / or steps represented in a flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" is any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (not exhaustive) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing in a suitable manner as necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0061] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, an application-specific integrated circuit having suitable combinational logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0063] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0064] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining an average cell voltage and an average offset difference of a target fuel cell in a preset diagnosis period; Obtaining an actual current of the target fuel cell during the preset diagnostic cycle, and calculating a first diagnostic reference value, a second diagnostic reference value, a third diagnostic reference value, and a fourth diagnostic reference value based on the actual current; determining a failure level of the target fuel cell according to the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value; Obtaining current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, and determining whether a preset fault type occurs based on the current operating parameters and the fault level, wherein the preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault; When any fault of the preset fault types occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained, and at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy is adjusted according to the actual duration.

2. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining whether a preset fault type occurs in the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value, wherein the preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault, including: Comparing the average cell voltage with the first diagnostic reference value; if the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value, then comparing the average offset difference with the third diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference value, no fault has occurred; otherwise, comparing the average offset difference with the fourth diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference value, a primary fault has occurred; otherwise, a secondary fault has occurred; If the average cell voltage is less than the first diagnostic reference value, the average cell voltage is compared with the second diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value, the first-level fault occurs. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a third-level fault occurs. Otherwise, a second-level fault occurs. If the average cell voltage is less than the second diagnostic reference value, the second-level fault occurs, and the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a fourth-level fault occurs; otherwise, a third-level fault occurs.

3. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell and determining whether a preset fault type occurs according to the current operating parameters and the fault level include: Obtaining current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, wherein the current operating parameters include the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest cell position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, and hydrogen inlet temperature; Determining whether the preset fault type is the flooding fault according to the lowest cell position, the second lowest cell voltage position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet temperature, and the fault level; Determining whether the preset fault type is the membrane dry fault according to the lowest cell position, the high-frequency impedance, the cathode inlet and outlet voltage drops, and the fault level; It is determined whether the preset fault type is the yang gas shortage fault or the yin gas shortage fault according to the air metering, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and the fault level.

4. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When any of the preset fault types occurs, obtaining the actual duration of the current fault, and adjusting at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy, and the third priority recovery strategy according to the actual duration, includes: When any fault of the preset fault types occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

5. A fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, configured to acquire an average cell voltage and an average offset difference of a target fuel cell in a preset diagnosis period; a calculation module, configured to obtain an actual current of the target fuel cell during the preset diagnostic cycle, and calculate a first diagnostic reference value, a second diagnostic reference value, a third diagnostic reference value, and a fourth diagnostic reference value based on the actual current; a level determination module, configured to determine a fault level of the target fuel cell based on the average cell voltage, the average offset difference, the first diagnostic reference value, the second diagnostic reference value, the third diagnostic reference value, and the fourth diagnostic reference value; a type determination module, configured to obtain current operating parameters of the target fuel cell and determine whether a preset fault type has occurred based on the current operating parameters and the fault level, wherein the preset fault types include flooding fault, membrane dry fault, positive gas under-gas fault, and negative gas under-gas fault; The recovery strategy module is used to obtain the actual duration of the current fault when any fault of the preset fault type occurs, and adjust at least one of the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy according to the actual duration.

6. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The level judgment module includes: Comparing the average cell voltage with the first diagnostic reference value; if the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the first diagnostic reference value, then comparing the average offset difference with the third diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the third diagnostic reference value, no fault has occurred; otherwise, comparing the average offset difference with the fourth diagnostic reference value; if the average offset difference is greater than or equal to the fourth diagnostic reference value, a primary fault has occurred; otherwise, a secondary fault has occurred; If the average cell voltage is less than the first diagnostic reference value, the average cell voltage is compared with the second diagnostic reference value. If the average cell voltage is greater than or equal to the second diagnostic reference value, the first-level fault occurs. The average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a third-level fault occurs. Otherwise, a second-level fault occurs. If the average cell voltage is less than the second diagnostic reference value, the second-level fault occurs, and the average offset difference is compared with the third diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the third diagnostic reference value, the average offset difference is compared with the fourth diagnostic reference value. If the average offset difference is less than the fourth diagnostic reference value, a fourth-level fault occurs; otherwise, a third-level fault occurs.

7. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The type judgment module includes: An acquisition unit is used to acquire the current operating parameters of the target fuel cell, wherein the current operating parameters include the lowest cell position, air metering, high-frequency impedance, anode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, cell voltage second lowest piece position, hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and hydrogen inlet temperature; a first judgment unit, configured to judge whether the preset fault type is the flooding fault according to the lowest cell position, the cell voltage second lowest cell position, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption, the hydrogen inlet temperature, and the fault level; a second judgment unit, configured to judge whether the preset fault type is the membrane dry fault according to the lowest cell position, the high-frequency impedance, the cathode inlet and outlet voltage drops, and the fault level; The third judgment unit is used to judge whether the preset fault type is the yang gas shortage fault or the yin gas shortage fault according to the air metering, the cathode inlet and outlet pressure drop, the hydrogen circulation pump power consumption and the fault level.

8. The fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The recovery strategy module includes: When any fault of the preset fault types occurs, the actual duration of the current fault is obtained. If the actual duration is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy is executed. If the actual duration is greater than the first time threshold and less than or equal to the second time threshold, the first priority recovery strategy and the second priority recovery strategy are executed. Otherwise, the first priority recovery strategy, the second priority recovery strategy and the third priority recovery strategy are executed.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell fault diagnosis and recovery method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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