Fault diagnosis method and device for fuel cell stack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fault diagnosis method and device for a fuel cell stack, and the method comprises the steps: detecting the current working condition of the fuel cell stack of a target vehicle, and obtaining the actual average monomer voltage, actual monomer voltage deviation and a plurality of operation characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, determining diagnosis parameters corresponding to the plurality of operation characteristic state quantities; and judging whether the fuel cell stack has a fault or not according to the actual average monomer voltage and the actual monomer voltage deviation, and diagnosing the actual fault reason of the fuel cell stack based on the plurality of operation characteristic state quantities and the corresponding diagnosis parameters under the condition that the fuel cell stack has the fault. Therefore, the problems that the fault diagnosis method of the fuel cell in the related technology is too long in diagnosis time, the transient fault identification requirement of the fuel cell vehicle cannot be met, the fault reason of the fuel cell cannot be accurately positioned, and the generation of a targeted fault solution cannot be supported are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a method and device for diagnosing a fault of a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] During the actual operation of widely used fuel cell engines, the stack is prone to water management imbalance due to deviations in operating conditions, which in turn leads to failures. The long-term accumulation of failures accelerates the degradation of the stack performance, causing the fuel cell engine's life to be unable to meet the application requirements of the entire vehicle. Fault diagnosis is extremely important.

[0003] In related technologies, most fuel cells only monitor the operating status of the fuel cell stack through the CVM (Cell Voltage Monitor) voltage during operation. With technological advancement, EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) and HFR (High Frequency Resistance) are gradually being used for stack status tracking to detect fault conditions in the fuel cell stack.

[0004] However, in related technologies, voltage detection alone cannot identify the true cause of the stack failure mode. The use of EIS for fuel cell fault analysis requires high instrument accuracy, the diagnosis process is too time-consuming, and the fault diagnosis speed is slow. It is not suitable for transient fault identification of the stack and cannot be applied to fuel cell vehicles. HFR can currently only identify dry membrane faults in the stack, but cannot accurately locate the cause of the fault and cannot support the generation of targeted fault solutions, which urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method and device to solve the problems of the fuel cell fault diagnosis method in the related art, such as the diagnosis time is too long, which cannot meet the transient fault identification requirements of fuel cell vehicles, and it is difficult to accurately locate the cause of the fuel cell failure, and cannot support the generation of targeted fault solutions.

[0006] A first aspect embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method, comprising the following steps: detecting a current operating condition of a fuel cell stack of a target vehicle, and obtaining an actual average cell voltage, an actual cell voltage deviation, and a plurality of operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, so as to determine diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities according to the current operating condition; judging whether the actual average cell voltage is less than a target voltage, and if the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, judging that there is a fault in the fuel cell stack, otherwise, judging whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than the target deviation; if the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation, judging that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack, otherwise, judging that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, and in the case that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, diagnosing the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack based on the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

[0007] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can select different diagnostic parameters for diagnosis according to the adaptability of different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the accuracy of the diagnosis results of the actual fault cause; and based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack failure is graded and judged in multiple dimensions, which can quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell and accurately diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell, thereby providing targeted cause data support for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time and improving the fault solving efficiency.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle includes: detecting the current density and / or current of the fuel cell stack; and detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack based on the current density and / or current.

[0009] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can comprehensively analyze the current operating conditions of the fuel cell stack from the two dimensions of microscopic reaction intensity and macroscopic output through the coordinated detection of current density and current, greatly improving the accuracy of the detection results and providing effective data support for fuel cell fault diagnosis.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, determining the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities based on the current operating conditions includes: querying a pre-established diagnostic parameter table based on the current operating conditions to obtain a query result corresponding to the current operating conditions; and determining the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities based on the query result.

[0011] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can adopt different diagnostic parameters according to different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby realizing targeted fault diagnosis for different fuel cell stack operating conditions, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the fault diagnosis results.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, determining the actual cause of the failure of the fuel cell stack based on the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters includes: obtaining the actual operating temperature, anode pressure drop and cathode pressure drop in the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and the target anode pressure drop and target cathode pressure drop in the diagnostic parameters; determining the actual cause of the failure based on the difference between the actual operating temperature and the preset temperature, the comparison value between the anode pressure drop and the target anode pressure drop, the comparison value between the cathode pressure drop and the target cathode pressure drop and the lowest single-chip position.

[0013] Through the above technical means, the embodiments of the present application can make graded judgments based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, and combine the lowest single-chip position to clarify the actual cause of the fuel cell stack failure, quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell, and accurately diagnose whether the fuel cell has over-temperature membrane drying, low-temperature water flooding, or cathode / anode membrane drying / flooding and other faults.

[0014] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: detecting the working status of external auxiliary components in the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack; and determining the actual cause of the fault based on the working status of the external auxiliary components.

[0015] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can consider the working status of auxiliary components inside and outside the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack while detecting the fault of the fuel cell stack itself, so that when the fault of the stack itself cannot be diagnosed, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack can be diagnosed from other aspects in a timely manner, thereby providing targeted and effective reasons for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time, and improving the fault solving efficiency.

[0016] A second aspect of the present application provides a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device, comprising: an acquisition module for detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of a target vehicle, and acquiring the actual average cell voltage, actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, so as to determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities according to the current operating condition; a judgment module for judging whether the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, and if the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, judging that there is a fault in the fuel cell stack; otherwise, judging whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than the target deviation; a diagnosis module for judging that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack if the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation, and otherwise, judging that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, and in the case that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, diagnosing the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack based on the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

[0017] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can select different diagnostic parameters for diagnosis according to the adaptability of different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the accuracy of the diagnosis results of the actual fault cause; and based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack failure is graded and judged in multiple dimensions, which can quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell and accurately diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell, thereby providing targeted cause data support for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time and improving the fault solving efficiency.

[0018] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module includes: a first detection unit for detecting the current density and / or current of the fuel cell stack; and a second detection unit for detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack based on the current density and / or current.

[0019] Through the above technical means, the embodiments of the present application can comprehensively analyze the current operating conditions of the fuel cell stack from the two dimensions of microscopic reaction intensity and macroscopic output through the coordinated detection of current density and current, greatly improving the accuracy of the detection results and providing effective data support for fuel cell fault diagnosis.

[0020] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module includes: a query unit, used to query a pre-established diagnostic parameter table according to the current operating condition to obtain a query result corresponding to the current operating condition; and a first determination unit, used to determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities based on the query result.

[0021] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can adopt different diagnostic parameters according to different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby realizing targeted fault diagnosis for different fuel cell stack operating conditions, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the fault diagnosis results.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the diagnostic module includes: an acquisition unit for acquiring the actual operating temperature, anode voltage drop and cathode voltage drop in the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and the target anode voltage drop and target cathode voltage drop in the diagnostic parameters; a second determination unit for determining the actual fault cause based on the difference between the actual operating temperature and the preset temperature, the comparison value of the anode voltage drop and the target anode voltage drop, the comparison value of the cathode voltage drop and the target cathode voltage drop and the lowest single-chip position.

[0023] Through the above technical means, the embodiments of the present application can make graded judgments based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, and combine the lowest single-chip position to clarify the actual cause of the fuel cell stack failure, quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell, and accurately diagnose whether the fuel cell has over-temperature membrane drying, low-temperature water flooding, or cathode / anode membrane drying / flooding and other faults.

[0024] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, it also includes: a detection module for detecting the working status of external auxiliary components in the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack; and a determination module for determining the actual cause of the fault based on the working status of the external auxiliary components.

[0025] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can consider the working status of auxiliary components inside and outside the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack while detecting the fault of the fuel cell stack itself, so that when the fault of the stack itself cannot be diagnosed, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack can be diagnosed from other aspects in a timely manner, thereby providing targeted and effective reasons for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time, and improving the fault solving efficiency.

[0026] A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method as described in the above embodiment.

[0027] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method.

[0028] A fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the above-mentioned fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method provided according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of fuel cell stack operating condition diagnosis according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode / anodic membrane dry diagnostic parameters according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of cathode / anode flooding diagnostic parameters according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a diagnostic diagram of a fuel cell stack under idle conditions according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Reference numerals: 10-Fault diagnosis device for fuel cell stack: 100-acquisition module, 200-judgment module and 300-diagnosis module; 701-memory, 702-processor and 703-communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0033] The following describes a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method and device according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In view of the problem that the fuel cell fault diagnosis method in the related art mentioned in the background art has a long diagnosis time, cannot meet the transient fault identification requirements of fuel cell vehicles, and is difficult to accurately locate the cause of the fuel cell fault, and cannot support the generation of targeted fault solutions, the present application provides a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method. In this method, based on the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, the actual average cell voltage, the actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters of the fuel cell stack can be combined to diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack. Thus, different diagnostic parameters are selected for diagnosis according to the adaptability of the different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the accuracy of the actual fault cause diagnosis result; and based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack fault is graded and judged in multiple dimensions in combination with the lowest single chip position, which can quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell and accurately diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell, thereby providing targeted cause data support for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time and improving the fault solution efficiency. This solves the problems of fuel cell fault diagnosis methods in related technologies, such as long diagnosis time, inability to meet the transient fault identification needs of fuel cell vehicles, difficulty in accurately locating the cause of fuel cell failure, and inability to support the generation of targeted fault solutions.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 1 A flowchart of a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method includes the following steps: In step S101, the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle is detected, and the actual average cell voltage, actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack are obtained to determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities according to the current operating condition.

[0036] It is understood that a fuel cell stack refers to a power generation unit consisting of multiple fuel cell cells (such as proton exchange membrane fuel cell cells) connected in series or parallel. The average cell voltage of a fuel cell stack refers to the arithmetic mean of the voltages of all the cells in the fuel cell stack. The cell voltage deviation refers to the degree of difference between the voltage of each cell in the fuel cell stack and the average cell voltage, usually expressed as standard deviation or maximum-minimum difference.

[0037] The actual average cell voltage here refers to the arithmetic mean of the voltages of all current cells in the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, and the actual cell voltage deviation here refers to the degree of difference between the current cell voltages of each cell in the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle and the average cell voltage.

[0038] In some embodiments, in order to accurately locate the cause of fuel cell failure, the present application can first detect the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, and obtain the actual average cell voltage and actual cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack and multiple operating state characteristic state quantities.

[0039] The target vehicle here can be understood as a related vehicle for performing fuel cell fault diagnosis.

[0040] For example, the present application can, but is not limited to, collecting the voltage of each single cell in the fuel cell stack through the millivolt-level voltage acquisition module of the target vehicle, and then transmitting the collected voltage data to the controller (such as the vehicle controller VCU) through the CAN bus or Ethernet, and storing it in real time in the on-board memory or uploading it to the cloud, and then calculating the actual average single cell voltage and actual single cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack.

[0041] At the same time, the embodiment of the present application can obtain multiple operating state characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, including but not limited to the temperature, pressure drop, lowest single-chip position, etc. of the fuel cell stack, so as to obtain the diagnostic parameters corresponding to these operating state characteristic quantities, so as to diagnose the cause of the fuel cell failure in detail based on these multiple operating state characteristic state quantities and diagnostic parameters.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application can preliminarily determine whether there is a fault in the fuel cell stack based on the actual average cell voltage and actual cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack, and facilitate detailed fault diagnosis by combining diagnostic parameters corresponding to multiple operating characteristic state quantities to obtain accurate fuel cell fault diagnosis results.

[0043] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle includes: detecting the current density and / or current of the fuel cell stack; and detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack based on the current density and / or current.

[0044] In certain embodiments, when detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, the present application may be implemented, but is not limited to, by detecting the current density or current or current density and current of the fuel cell stack.

[0045] The current density of the fuel cell stack here refers to the current per unit area. For example, if the stack electrode area is 200 , the output current is 100 A, then the current density is 0.5 A / The current operating condition of the fuel cell stack can then be determined based on the current density.

[0046] For example, when the current density of the fuel cell stack is low (e.g. current density < 0.3 A / )), it can be understood that the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle is in idle condition, the reaction is mild, and the polarization is mainly ohmic polarization; when 0.3 A / <Current density<0.6 A / , which can be understood as the vehicle's fuel cell stack is in normal working condition; when 0.6 A / <Current density<0.8 A / , which can be understood as the vehicle's fuel cell stack is at 50% of its rated operating condition; when the current density of the fuel cell stack is high (such as current density > 0.8 A / ), it can correspond to the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle being in the rated operating condition of full load, and the concentration polarization is significant.

[0047] For example, the current of a fuel cell stack here refers to the total current output by the stack. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of fuel cell stack operating condition diagnosis according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, when the current of the fuel cell stack is 30A, the fuel cell stack of the corresponding target vehicle is in idle condition, which is applicable to the idle condition diagnosis strategy; when the current of the fuel cell stack is 100A, the fuel cell stack of the corresponding target vehicle is in normal condition, which is applicable to the normal condition diagnosis strategy; when the current of the fuel cell stack is 200A, the fuel cell stack of the corresponding target vehicle is in 50% rated condition, which is applicable to the 50% rated condition diagnosis strategy; when the current of the fuel cell stack is 450A, the fuel cell stack of the corresponding target vehicle is in rated condition, which is applicable to the rated condition diagnosis strategy.

[0048] Additionally, in actual applications, professionals in this technical field can also determine the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack by combining the current density and current of the fuel cell stack. It should be noted that the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack corresponding to different current densities, currents, and the combination of the two in the embodiments of this application can be calibrated by professionals in this technical field based on the actual conditions of the vehicle or experiments. This application is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose specific limitations.

[0049] The embodiments of the present application can comprehensively analyze the current operating conditions of the fuel cell stack from two dimensions, namely, microscopic reaction intensity and macroscopic output, through the coordinated detection of current density and current, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the detection results and providing effective data support for fuel cell fault diagnosis.

[0050] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the diagnostic parameters corresponding to multiple operating characteristic state quantities are determined according to the current operating conditions, including: querying a pre-established diagnostic parameter table according to the current operating conditions; and determining the diagnostic parameters corresponding to multiple operating characteristic state quantities according to the query results.

[0051] Based on the relevant descriptions of other embodiments, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack according to the current operating conditions of the fuel cell stack.

[0052] During actual implementation, the present application may, but is not limited to, query a pre-established diagnostic parameter table according to the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack, thereby determining diagnostic parameters corresponding to a plurality of operating characteristic state quantities.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode / anodic membrane dry diagnostic parameters of an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode / anode flooding diagnostic parameters according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the diagnostic parameters are different when the fuel cell stack is in different idle conditions, normal conditions, 50% rated conditions and rated conditions.

[0054] For example, when the fuel cell stack is idling, the standard diagnostic parameters corresponding to multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, such as average cell voltage U_avg, anode pressure difference dP_An, cathode pressure difference dP_Ca, minimum cell position No. U_min, and HFR (High Frequency Resistance), are 844, 3.29, 2.36, alternating, and 4.85, respectively. In subsequent processes, these diagnostic parameters can be used to diagnose the specific cause of the fuel cell failure.

[0055] The embodiments of the present application can adopt different diagnostic parameters according to different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby achieving targeted fault diagnosis for different fuel cell stack operating conditions, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the fault diagnosis results.

[0056] Step S102 , determining whether the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage. If the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, it is determined that the fuel cell stack has a fault. Otherwise, it is determined whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than the target deviation.

[0057] In some embodiments, after obtaining the actual average cell voltage of the fuel cell stack, in order to avoid wasting computing power for detailed diagnosis, the present application can first preliminarily determine whether the fuel cell stack is faulty based on the actual average cell voltage.

[0058] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application can determine whether the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage. If the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, it can be preliminarily determined that there is a fault in the fuel cell stack. If the actual average cell voltage is not less than the target voltage, it can be preliminarily determined that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack.

[0059] The target voltage here can be understood as the theoretical expected voltage value of the fuel cell stack under normal operating conditions and specific conditions (such as design parameters, ideal operating conditions, or historical benchmark data). It is a key reference standard for measuring whether the stack performance meets the requirements. For example, when the stack is discharged at a current of 200A and is at 50% of the rated operating condition, the cell voltage is predicted to be 6.5V based on the polarization curve. The target voltage is 6.5V times the number of cells (for example, 650V for 100 cells).

[0060] The specific target voltage can be calibrated by professionals skilled in the art based on actual conditions or experiments. For example, it can be set to the theoretical operating voltage calculated during the design phase based on the electrochemical reaction principle, material properties (such as catalyst activity and proton exchange membrane conductivity) and structural parameters (such as the number of cells and electrode area) of the fuel cell stack. For example, if a PEMFC stack is designed with 100 cells connected in series and the ideal cell voltage is 7V, the target voltage is 100×7V=700V. Alternatively, the target voltage can be set to the average voltage obtained from the measured data of the stack during a stable operation cycle. For example, if the average cell voltage of a fuel cell stack has been stable at 6.8V over the past 100 hours, the target voltage can be set to 6.8V×the number of cells (e.g., 680V for 100 cells). The embodiments of this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0061] Furthermore, if the actual average cell voltage of the fuel cell stack is greater than or equal to the target voltage, in order to avoid misjudgment, the embodiment of the present application can further determine whether the actual cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack is greater than the target deviation, thereby finally confirming whether there is a fault in the fuel cell stack.

[0062] The target deviation is understood as the maximum allowable difference between the voltages of individual cells in a fuel cell stack under normal operating conditions. It is a key indicator for evaluating the operational stability and health of the stack. The specific target deviation can be, but is not limited to, set by professionals skilled in the art based on actual conditions or calibration. The examples in this application are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0063] For example, the present application may, but is not limited to, set the allowable range of cell voltage difference based on factors such as material uniformity and manufacturing process accuracy during the design phase of the fuel cell stack. For example, a certain stack design requires that the cell voltage deviation does not exceed ±50mV (i.e., the target deviation is 100mV); or, it may be set to the cell voltage fluctuation range obtained through long-term operating data statistics of the stack in a healthy state. For example, during stable operation of a certain stack, the average difference between the maximum and minimum cell voltages is 80mV, then the target deviation may be set to 80mV~100mV; or, the allowable deviation range may be dynamically adjusted based on the current operating conditions of the stack (such as load changes, temperature, gas flow), which needs to be verified through experiments or simulations. For example, when the stack is in rated operating conditions, the cell voltage deviation may increase due to local flooding or uneven gas distribution, and the target deviation may be temporarily relaxed to 120mV (higher than 100mV at low load), etc.

[0064] The embodiment of the present application can preliminarily judge whether the fuel cell stack has a fault based on the actual average cell voltage of the fuel cell stack, and when it is preliminarily judged that the fuel cell stack does not have a fault, further judge whether the fuel cell stack is greater than the target deviation based on the actual cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack to further judge whether the fuel cell stack has a fault. By dually judging whether the fuel cell stack has a fault, the necessity of detailed diagnosis of the fuel cell fault is guaranteed and waste of resources is avoided.

[0065] Step S103: If the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation, it is determined that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack; otherwise, it is determined that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack. In the case that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, the actual cause of the fuel cell stack fault is diagnosed based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

[0066] Based on the relevant descriptions of other embodiments, it can be understood that when the fuel cell stack is initially determined to be fault-free based on the actual average cell voltage and the target voltage, it is further determined whether the actual cell voltage deviation of the fuel cell stack is greater than the target deviation to confirm whether the fuel cell stack is faulty. If the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is fault-free; otherwise, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is faulty.

[0067] In some embodiments, when it is determined that a fuel cell stack is faulty, the present application can diagnose the actual cause of the fuel cell stack fault based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

[0068] For example, the water content of the membrane electrode (MEA) is crucial to fuel cell performance. Flooding of the MEA prevents the reactant gases from reaching the catalyst surface, while drying reduces the membrane's ionic conductivity. Both conditions lead to an increase in HFR. For example, during a sudden load increase, water consumption by the proton exchange membrane (PEM) increases dramatically. If water produced at the cathode is slowly replenished to the anode, the water content plummets, ionic conductivity decreases, and ohmic losses (OL) increase dramatically, resulting in an increase in HFR.

[0069] Taking the case where the diagnostic parameter of the fuel cell stack's HFR is 4.85 when the fuel cell stack is in idle condition, if the actual HFR of the fuel cell stack is greater than 4.85, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has a membrane electrode flooding or drying fault; if the actual HFR of the fuel cell stack is less than 4.85, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has an over-temperature operation fault.

[0070] The embodiments of the present application can combine multiple operating characteristic state parameters and corresponding diagnostic parameters of the fuel cell stack to perform multi-dimensional fault diagnosis on the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack, and can quickly and accurately grasp the internal state of the fuel cell, supporting the fuel cell system to achieve efficient and highly robust control.

[0071] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the actual cause of failure of the fuel cell stack is determined based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters, including: obtaining the actual operating temperature, anode pressure drop and cathode pressure drop in the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and the target anode pressure drop and target cathode pressure drop in the diagnostic parameters; determining the actual cause of failure based on the actual operating temperature, the comparison value of the anode pressure drop and the target anode pressure drop, the comparison value of the cathode pressure drop and the target cathode pressure drop and the lowest single-chip position.

[0072] During the actual implementation process, when determining the actual cause of the fuel cell stack's failure based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters, the present application can, but is not limited to, determining the actual cause of the fuel cell stack's failure by obtaining the actual operating temperature, anode pressure drop and cathode pressure drop in multiple operating characteristic state quantities and comparing the target anode pressure drop and target cathode pressure drop in the diagnostic parameters.

[0073] The fuel cell is at a current density of J = 0.1A / Take operation as an example (30A operating condition), Figure 5 This is a diagnostic diagram of a fuel cell stack under idle conditions according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the specific diagnostic process can be, but is not limited to, as follows: S1: Determine whether the average cell voltage U_avg of the fuel cell stack is less than the diagnostic parameter 1 (such as Figure 3If the answer is yes, proceed to S3, otherwise proceed to S2; S2: Determine whether the fuel cell stack cell voltage deviation dU_avg-min is greater than the diagnostic parameter 10 (e.g. Figure 3 24.1), if yes, proceed to S3, if no, determine that the current fuel cell engine has no fault, and stop fault diagnosis; S3: Determine whether the fuel cell is operating at an over-temperature. If the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than a certain range of the set temperature, that is, T_Co_act (actual operating temperature) - T_Co_set (set temperature) is greater than diagnostic parameter 2, then it is determined to be an over-temperature membrane dry fault. Otherwise, continue diagnosis. The set temperature here can be understood as a certain normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack under idle conditions. For example, the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack under idle conditions is generally between 50°C and 70°C. Taking diagnostic parameter 2 as 5°C and the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at idle speed as 60°C as an example, if the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than 60°C + 5°C, that is, T_Co_act-T_Co_set>5°C, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has an over-temperature membrane dry fault; It should be noted that the specific set temperature and diagnostic parameter 2 can be calibrated experimentally by professionals in this technical field based on the actual conditions of the vehicle and the fuel cell stack. The embodiments of this application are only for illustrative purposes and are not specifically limited. S4: Determine whether the fuel cell is operating at low temperature. If the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is lower than a certain range of the set temperature, that is, T_Co_set-T_Co_act>diagnostic parameter 3, if yes, it is determined to be a low temperature flooding fault. If no, continue diagnosis. Taking the diagnostic parameter 3 as 5℃ and the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at idle condition as 60℃ as an example, if the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than , that is, T_Co_set-T_Co_act 5℃, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has a low-temperature water flooding fault; S5: Determine whether the anode voltage drop dP_An of the fuel cell is too low, that is, dP_An < diagnostic parameter 4 (such as Figure 3 3.29), if yes, proceed to step S6, if no, proceed directly to S7; S6: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop dP_Ca of the fuel cell is too low, that is, dP_Ca < diagnostic parameter 5 (such as Figure 3 2.36) If the answer is yes, it is judged that the cathode membrane is dry; if the answer is no, it is judged that the anode membrane is dry. In this case, RH-An (anode relative humidity) is too low; S7: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop is too low, that is, dP_Ca < diagnostic parameter 6. If so, it is determined to be a membrane dry fault. If not, proceed to S8. The purpose of step S7 is to distinguish which of the three faults occurs in the battery stack: anode membrane dry, cathode membrane dry, and simultaneous anode and cathode membrane dry. Therefore, diagnostic parameter 6 can be set to 2.36, the same as diagnostic parameter 5, or it can be set to a different value, such as 2.5. The specific value can be experimentally calibrated by professionals in this technical field according to the actual situation of the vehicle and the fuel cell stack. The embodiments of this application are only illustrative and not specific. S8: Determine whether the fuel cell anode pressure drop is too high, that is, dP_An> diagnostic parameter 7 (such as Figure 4 3.325 in the above table), if yes, proceed to S9, if no, proceed to other fault judgments; S9: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop is too high, that is, dP_Ca> diagnostic parameter 8 (such as Figure 4 4.583), if yes, it is determined to be cathode flooding, if no, continue to judge; S10: Determine whether the anode voltage drop is too high, that is, dP_An> diagnostic parameter 9 (such as Figure 4 3.327 in the figure), if yes, then determine S11, that is, determine whether the first or second piece at the stack manifold end is the lowest cell, that is, No.U_min=1 (the first piece at the stack manifold end is the lowest cell) or No.U_min=2 (the second piece is the lowest cell). If yes, then determine that the anode is flooded. If not, perform other fault judgments.

[0074] Furthermore, the fuel cell is operated at a current density of J = 1.5A / Take operation as an example (450A operating condition), Figure 5 As shown, the specific diagnostic process can be, but is not limited to, as follows: S1: Determine whether the average cell voltage U_avg of the fuel cell stack is less than the diagnostic parameter 1 (such as Figure 3 If the answer is yes, proceed to S3, otherwise proceed to S2. S2: Determine whether the fuel cell stack cell voltage deviation dU_avg-min is greater than the diagnostic parameter 10 (e.g. Figure 4 14.291), if yes, proceed to S3, if no, determine that the current fuel cell engine has no fault, and stop fault diagnosis; S3: Determine whether the fuel cell is operating at an over-temperature. If the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than a certain range of the set temperature, that is, T_Co_act (actual operating temperature) - T_Co_set (set temperature) is greater than diagnostic parameter 2, then it is determined to be an over-temperature membrane dry fault. Otherwise, continue diagnosis. The set temperature here can be understood as a certain normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack under idle conditions. For example, the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack under idle conditions is generally between 50°C and 70°C. Taking diagnostic parameter 2 as 5°C and the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at idle speed as 60°C as an example, if the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than 60°C + 5°C, that is, T_Co_act-T_Co_set>5°C, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has an over-temperature membrane dry fault; It should be noted that the specific set temperature and diagnostic parameter 2 can be calibrated experimentally by professionals in this technical field based on the actual conditions of the vehicle and the fuel cell stack. The embodiments of this application are only for illustrative purposes and are not specifically limited. S4: Determine whether the fuel cell is operating at low temperature. If the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is lower than a certain range of the set temperature, that is, T_Co_set-T_Co_act>diagnostic parameter 3, if yes, it is determined to be a low temperature flooding fault. If no, continue diagnosis. Taking the diagnostic parameter 3 as 5℃ and the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at idle condition as 60℃ as an example, if the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than , that is, T_Co_set-T_Co_act>5℃, it can be determined that the fuel cell stack has a low-temperature water flooding fault; S5: Determine whether the anode voltage drop dP_An of the fuel cell is too low, that is, dP_An < diagnostic parameter 4 (such as Figure 3 9.8), if yes, proceed to step S6, if no, proceed directly to S7; S6: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop dP_Ca of the fuel cell is too low, that is, dP_Ca < diagnostic parameter 5 (such as Figure 3 17.7) If the answer is yes, it is judged that the cathode membrane is dry; if the answer is no, it is judged that the anode membrane is dry. In this case, RH-An (anode relative humidity) is too low; S7: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop is too low, that is, dP_Ca < diagnostic parameter 6. If so, it is determined to be a membrane dry fault. If not, continue to S8 for judgment. The purpose of step S7 is to distinguish which of the three faults occurs in the battery stack: anode membrane dry, cathode membrane dry, and anode and cathode membrane dry. Therefore, diagnostic parameter 6 can be set to 17.7, the same as diagnostic parameter 5, or it can be set to something different from diagnostic parameter 5, such as 16.9. The specific setting can be experimentally calibrated by professional and technical personnel in this technical field according to the actual situation of the vehicle and the fuel cell stack. The embodiments of this application are only illustrative and not specific. S8: Determine whether the fuel cell anode pressure drop is too high, that is, dP_An> diagnostic parameter 7 ( Figure 4 15.042), if yes, proceed to S9, if no, proceed to other fault judgments; S9: Determine whether the cathode voltage drop is too high, that is, dP_Ca> diagnostic parameter 8 (such as Figure 4 29.807), if yes, it is determined to be cathode flooding, if no, continue to judge; S10: Determine whether the anode voltage drop is too high, that is, dP_An> diagnostic parameter 9 (such as Figure 4 17.438 in the figure), if yes, then determine S11, that is, determine whether the first or second piece at the stack manifold end is the lowest cell, that is, No.U_min=1 (the first piece at the stack manifold end is the lowest cell) or No.U_min=2 (the second piece is the lowest cell). If yes, then determine that the anode is flooded. If not, perform other fault judgments.

[0075] In addition, in general, when a membrane dry-out failure occurs, the HFR tends to increase. Therefore, when it is observed that the battery stack does not have a low-temperature operation failure but the HFR increases, it can be directly determined that the battery stack has a membrane dry-out failure.

[0076] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagnostic parameters 1-10 are obtained by experimental calibration of a battery stack under various fault conditions. In actual application, the diagnostic parameters 1-10 can be experimentally calibrated by professional and technical personnel in this technical field according to the actual battery stack conditions. The embodiments of this application are only for illustrative purposes and are not specifically limited.

[0077] The embodiments of the present application can make graded judgments based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, and clarify the actual cause of the fuel cell stack failure in combination with the lowest single-chip position, quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell, and accurately diagnose whether the fuel cell has faults such as over-temperature membrane drying, low-temperature flooding, or cathode / anode membrane drying / flooding.

[0078] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: detecting the working status of external auxiliary components in the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack; and determining the actual cause of the fault based on the working status of the external auxiliary components.

[0079] Based on the relevant descriptions of other embodiments, it can be understood that after preliminarily judging that there is a fault in the fuel cell stack, the present application can accurately diagnose whether there is a fault in the fuel cell such as over-temperature membrane drying, low-temperature water flooding, or cathode / anode membrane drying / flooding based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities such as the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop during the operation of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

[0080] During the actual implementation process, if it is preliminarily determined that there is a fault in the fuel cell stack, but based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities such as the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop during the operation of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters, it is not diagnosed that the fuel cell has faults such as over-temperature membrane drying, low-temperature water flooding, or cathode / anode membrane drying / flooding, the present application can further detect the working status of external auxiliary components in the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack, so as to determine whether there are other actual causes of the fuel cell stack failure based on the working status of the external auxiliary components.

[0081] Among them, the external auxiliary components here can be understood as the BOP (Balance of Plant, also known as fuel cell system auxiliary equipment or external auxiliary systems, which refers to all auxiliary components and subsystems in the fuel cell system except the core stack) of the target vehicle.

[0082] For example, this application can detect the operating status of auxiliary components in a fuel cell stack, such as the speed and power of the hydrogen pump, the speed and power of the air compressor, and the frequency of the hydrogen and water drainage system, to determine the actual cause of a fuel cell stack failure. For example, reduced air compressor efficiency can lead to insufficient cathode oxygen partial pressure and a drop in stack output voltage; reduced air compressor power or failure can lead to insufficient oxygen supply and stack inoperability; and a stalled coolant pump can cause overheating and excessive stack operation.

[0083] The embodiments of the present application can take into account the working status of auxiliary components inside and outside the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack while detecting the fault of the fuel cell stack itself, so that when the fault of the fuel cell stack itself cannot be diagnosed, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack can be diagnosed from other aspects in a timely manner, thereby providing targeted and effective reasons for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time, and improving the fault solving efficiency.

[0084] According to the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack can be diagnosed based on the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, combined with the actual average cell voltage, actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters. Thus, it is achieved that different diagnostic parameters are selected for diagnosis according to the adaptability of the fuel cell stack to different operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the diagnosis result of the actual fault cause; and based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack fault is graded and judged in multiple dimensions in combination with the lowest single chip position, which can quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell and accurately diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell, thereby providing targeted cause data support for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time and improving the fault resolution efficiency. Thus, it solves the problems of the fuel cell fault diagnosis method in the related art that the diagnosis time is too long, it cannot meet the transient fault identification needs of fuel cell vehicles, it is difficult to accurately locate the fuel cell fault cause, and it cannot support the generation of targeted fault solutions.

[0085] Next, a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device 10 includes: an acquisition module 100 , a judgment module 200 and a diagnosis module 300 .

[0088] Among them, the acquisition module 100 is used to detect the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, and obtain the actual average cell voltage, actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, so as to determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the multiple operating characteristic state quantities according to the current operating condition.

[0089] The judgment module 200 is used to judge whether the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage. If the actual average cell voltage is less than the target voltage, it is determined that the fuel cell stack has a fault. Otherwise, it is judged whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than the target deviation.

[0090] The diagnostic module 300 is used to determine that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack if the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation; otherwise, it is used to determine that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack; and when there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, based on multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters, diagnose the actual cause of the fuel cell stack failure.

[0091] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module 100 includes: a first detection unit and a second detection unit.

[0092] The first detection unit is used to detect the current density and / or current of the fuel cell stack.

[0093] The second detection unit is used to detect the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack based on the current density and / or current.

[0094] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module 100 includes: a query unit and a first determination unit.

[0095] The query unit is used to query a pre-established diagnostic parameter table according to the current working condition to obtain a query result corresponding to the current working condition.

[0096] The first determining unit is used to determine the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities according to the query result.

[0097] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the diagnosis module 300 includes: an acquisition unit and a second determination unit.

[0098] The acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual operating temperature, anode voltage drop and cathode voltage drop from the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and the target anode voltage drop and target cathode voltage drop from the diagnostic parameters.

[0099] The second determining unit is used to determine the actual fault cause based on the difference between the actual operating temperature and the preset temperature, the comparison value between the anode voltage drop and the target anode voltage drop, the comparison value between the cathode voltage drop and the target cathode voltage drop, and the lowest single chip position.

[0100] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: a detection module and a determination module.

[0101] Among them, the detection module is used to detect the working status of external and internal auxiliary components in the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack.

[0102] The determination module is used to determine the actual cause of the fault according to the working status of the external auxiliary components.

[0103] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the embodiment of the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method is also applicable to the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] According to the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack can be diagnosed based on the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle, combined with the actual average cell voltage, actual cell voltage deviation and multiple operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack and their corresponding diagnostic parameters. Thus, it is achieved that different diagnostic parameters are selected for diagnosis according to the adaptability of the different operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the accuracy of the diagnosis results of the actual fault cause; and based on the sensitivity of the actual operating temperature and electrode voltage drop to the water balance during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack fault is graded and judged in multiple dimensions in combination with the lowest single chip position, which can quickly grasp the internal state of the fuel cell and accurately diagnose the actual fault cause of the fuel cell, thereby providing targeted cause data support for the stack fault solution, shortening the fault detection time and improving the fault resolution efficiency. Thus, it solves the problems of the fuel cell fault diagnosis method in the related art that the diagnosis time is too long, cannot meet the transient fault identification requirements of fuel cell vehicles, is difficult to accurately locate the fuel cell fault cause, and cannot support the generation of targeted fault solutions.

[0105] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle may include: Memory 701 , processor 702 , and computer programs stored in the memory 701 and executable on the processor 702 .

[0106] When the processor 702 executes the program, the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0107] Furthermore, the vehicle further comprises: The communication interface 703 is used for communication between the memory 701 and the processor 702 .

[0108] The memory 701 is used to store computer programs that can be run on the processor 702 .

[0109] The memory 701 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0110] If the memory 701, processor 702, and communication interface 703 are implemented independently, the communication interface 703, memory 701, and processor 702 can be interconnected via a bus to communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 7 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0111] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 701, the processor 702 and the communication interface 703 are integrated on a chip, the memory 701, the processor 702 and the communication interface 703 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0112] The processor 702 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0113] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method.

[0114] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which can run computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method provided in the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0116] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0117] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing a custom logical function or process step, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed in a different order than shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application pertain.

[0118] The logic and / or steps represented in a flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" is any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (not exhaustive) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in other suitable ways as necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0119] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following technologies known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0121] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0122] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Detecting a current operating condition of a fuel cell stack of a target vehicle, and obtaining an actual average cell voltage, an actual cell voltage deviation, and a plurality of operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, so as to determine diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities based on the current operating condition; Determining whether the actual average cell voltage is less than a target voltage; if so, determining that the fuel cell stack has a fault; otherwise, determining whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than a target deviation; If the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation, it is determined that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack; otherwise, it is determined that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack. In the case that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, the actual cause of the fault in the fuel cell stack is diagnosed based on the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The detecting the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack of the target vehicle includes: detecting a current density and / or a current of the fuel cell stack; The current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is detected based on the current density and / or current.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, according to the current operating condition, the diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities includes: Querying a pre-established diagnostic parameter table according to the current operating condition to obtain a query result corresponding to the current operating condition; The diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities are determined according to the query result.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determining of the actual fault cause of the fuel cell stack based on the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters includes: Acquiring the actual operating temperature, anode voltage drop, and cathode voltage drop from the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities, and the target anode voltage drop and target cathode voltage drop from the diagnostic parameters; The actual fault cause is determined based on the difference between the actual operating temperature and the preset temperature, the comparison value between the anode voltage drop and the target anode voltage drop, the comparison value between the cathode voltage drop and the target cathode voltage drop, and the lowest single chip position.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Detecting the working status of auxiliary components inside and outside the fuel cell system corresponding to the fuel cell stack; The actual cause of the fault is determined according to the working status of the external auxiliary component.

6. A fuel cell stack fault diagnosis device, characterized in that: include: an acquisition module, configured to detect a current operating condition of a fuel cell stack of a target vehicle, and obtain an actual average cell voltage, an actual cell voltage deviation, and a plurality of operating characteristic state quantities of the fuel cell stack, so as to determine diagnostic parameters corresponding to the plurality of operating characteristic state quantities based on the current operating condition; a judgment module, configured to judge whether the actual average cell voltage is less than a target voltage; if so, determining that the fuel cell stack has a fault; otherwise, judging whether the actual cell voltage deviation is greater than a target deviation; A diagnostic module is used to determine that there is no fault in the fuel cell stack if the actual cell voltage deviation is less than or equal to the target deviation; otherwise, to determine that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack; and in the case that there is a stack fault in the fuel cell stack, diagnose the actual cause of the fault of the fuel cell stack based on the multiple operating characteristic state quantities and their corresponding diagnostic parameters.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The detection module includes: A first detection unit, configured to detect the current density and / or current of the fuel cell stack; The second detection unit is used to detect the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack based on the current density and / or current.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed, it is used to implement the fuel cell stack fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images