Broadband circular waveguide TE01 mode exciter based on crossed ridge waveguide

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband circular waveguide TE01 mode exciter based on a crossed ridge waveguide, and relates to the technical field of microwaves. The exciter comprises a rectangular waveguide four-path power division feed structure for dividing the power of a TE10 mode into four paths, a crossed ridge waveguide TE22 mode forming structure for synthesizing the four paths of TE10 modes into a crossed ridge waveguide TE22 mode, and a circular waveguide TE01 mode forming structure for converting the crossed ridge waveguide TE22 mode into a circular waveguide TE01 mode. By introducing the crossed ridge waveguide structure, the directional regulation and control of waveguide dispersion are realized, and the cut-off frequency interval between a working mode and a parasitic mode is remarkably improved, so that the bandwidth is expanded. A crossed fan-shaped structure is introduced to serve as a middle structure of the crossed ridge waveguide and the circular waveguide, the cut-off phenomenon caused by sudden change of the waveguide shape is avoided, and the working bandwidth is further expanded. The high-purity and high-efficiency broadband filter has the advantages of being high in purity, high in efficiency, wide in frequency band and high in compactness, meanwhile, the structure is simple, machining and assembling are easy, and good engineering practicability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave technology, and in particular to a broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide. 01 Mode exciter. Background Art

[0002] Gyrotron traveling wave tubes have the characteristics of high gain, wide bandwidth and high power, and have broad application prospects in the fields of high-resolution radar, electronic countermeasures and millimeter wave communication systems. 01 The mode is distributed in a ring shape, with the characteristics of energy concentrated in the center of the waveguide, weak edge field, and small waveguide wall loss. It is a common working mode of the gyro traveling wave tube. During the development of the gyro traveling wave tube, it is necessary to perform performance tests on high-frequency components, output structures, and transition sections to improve the production yield of the entire tube. In addition, the high-power output signal of the gyro traveling wave tube must pass through a series of waveguide elbows, mode converters and other devices in the transmission link before it can be converted into a Gaussian-like mode and transmitted to the feed port. Subsequent integration and assembly can only be carried out after the various components meet the indicators. In these low-power tests, a mode exciter is required to convert the rectangular waveguide TE output of the signal source into a 10 Mode signal conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 Therefore, the development of broadband, high purity, compact circular waveguide TE 01 Mode exciters are an important part of developing broadband, compact, high-power microwave traveling wave tube components and their transmission devices.

[0003] Currently, circular waveguide TE 01 Mode exciters can be realized by through-coupling and sidewall coupling. For through-coupling structures, such as Marie mode converters, the literature "M. González-Calvo, JR Montejo-Garai, JA Ruiz-Cruz, and JM Rebollar, "Additive manufacturing of a high-performance Q-Band circular TE 01 mode flared-type transducer,”IEEE Microw.Wireless Compon.Lett.,vol.29,no.9,pp.577–579,Sep.2019,” proposed a mode exciter that cascades T-shaped waveguide, cross butterfly waveguide and cross waveguide in the longitudinal direction and uses linear transition structure to connect different waveguide structures. This structure realizes rectangular TE 10 Mode, rectangular TE 20 Mode, Cross TE 22 To circle TE 01The mode conversion achieves a 1dB bandwidth of 41%, demonstrating broadband operation. However, due to the large differences between the waveguides, the required conversion length in the vertical direction reaches 12.9λg, resulting in poor compactness.

[0004] Reference "CFYu et al., "High-performance circular TE 01 -mode converter,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 3794–3798, Dec. 2005,” proposed a sidewall coupling structure, which uses a Y-type power splitter network to divide the input signal into four equal amplitude TE 10 mode, and then injected into the circular waveguide through the waveguide side wall coupling hole to stimulate the circular waveguide TE 01 This solution has a compact structure and does not require a complex transition section, but its relative bandwidth is only 24%, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of TE with higher bandwidth requirements. 01 Testing requirements for modular devices.

[0005] To achieve efficient excitation of TE in a wider frequency band 01 Mode, patent "A circular waveguide TE 01 The proposed method of introducing a cross waveguide structure between a rectangular waveguide and a circular waveguide is proposed in the paper "Mode Converter" (Publication No.: CN102280676A). This scheme uses a T-type power splitter network to convert TE 10 The mode is equally divided into four injection cross waveguides to synthesize cross TE 22 mode, and finally converted into a circular waveguide TE through a linear transition section 01 mode; in the range of 28–37 GHz, a reflection of less than –20 dB, a relative bandwidth of 27.7%, and a high circular TE greater than 95% were achieved. 01 Mode purity. However, the transition section used in this scheme is long, greater than 10λg, and the processing is complex, which is not conducive to device compactness and engineering application.

[0006] Patent "A rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode-Circular Waveguide TE 01 Mode Converter (Publication No.: CN108011159A) proposed to use quadrupole waveguide as a transition structure between rectangular and circular waveguide. This scheme uses sidewall coupling to connect four TE 10 Mode injection quadrupole waveguide, synthetic quadrupole waveguide TE 01 mode, and outputs the circular waveguide TE through the transition structure 01The quadrupole waveguide introduces angular perturbations, which both widens the frequency separation between the operating mode and the parasitic mode while maintaining similarity to a circular structure. This improves bandwidth, reduces height, and enhances structural compactness. However, this structure only achieves 98% mode conversion efficiency in the 32–38 GHz range, making it difficult to meet the testing requirements of devices with wider frequency bands. Summary of the Invention

[0007] For existing circular waveguide TE 01 The present invention proposes a broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide to solve the problems of complex structure, long conversion length and insufficient bandwidth of the mode exciter. 01 Mode exciter.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A broadband circular waveguide TE based on cross-ridge waveguide 01 Mode exciter, including: rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure, cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode-forming structures and circular waveguide TE 01 pattern forming structures;

[0010] The rectangular waveguide four-way power splitting feeding structure is used to connect one rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is converted into a rectangular waveguide TE with four directions and 90 degrees of rotational symmetry. 10 mode signal and input to the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Patterns form structures;

[0011] The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 The mode forming structure is a 90° rotationally symmetrical structure used to connect the four rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode signal synthesis cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 mode signal and input to the circular waveguide TE 01 Patterns form structures;

[0012] The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode forming structure, including cross-ridge main waveguide, four rectangular TE 10 Signal input segment and frustum matching structure;

[0013] The cross-ridge main waveguide has a main body that is a cross waveguide, and two symmetrically distributed ridge structures are provided on each of the four waveguide arms of the cross waveguide;

[0014] The four rectangles TE 10 The signal input section is evenly distributed on the bottom sidewall of the cross-ridge main waveguide to form a sidewall coupling structure for introducing four-way rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode signal;

[0015] The frustum matching structure is provided at the closed end face at the bottom of the cross-ridge main waveguide and is used for impedance matching to achieve higher transmission efficiency and working bandwidth;

[0016] The circular waveguide TE 01 mode forming structure for the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 mode, achieving high purity circular TE 01 Mode output;

[0017] The circular waveguide TE 01 Mode forming structures, including a cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure, a cross-fan-shaped waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure, and an output circular waveguide structure;

[0018] The cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure is used to realize the transition from the cross-ridge waveguide to the cross-fan-shaped waveguide. 22 Mode conversion to cross-sector waveguide quasi-TE 01 Mode; the cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure comprises a first tapered circular waveguide and four tapered fan-shaped waveguides; the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide increases linearly from the input end to the output end, and the radius of the input end is greater than Wherein, b represents the narrow side dimension of the waveguide arm of the cross waveguide, and the radius of the output end is smaller than the radius of the output circular waveguide structure; the four gradient fan-shaped waveguides correspond to the four arms of the cross ridge waveguide, and their central angles remain unchanged along the transmission direction. The inner and outer radii increase linearly from the input end to the output end, and the outer radius of the output end is the same as that of the output circular waveguide structure;

[0019] The cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure is used to realize the transition from the cross-sector waveguide to the circular waveguide, and to convert the cross-sector waveguide into a TE 01 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 Mode; the input port of the cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure has the same shape as the output port of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure, and the output port has the same shape as the output circular waveguide structure, which is obtained by linearly expanding the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure and linearly approaching and closing the side wall of the tapered sector waveguide.

[0020] The output circular waveguide structure is used to convert the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode is output to the subsequent device.

[0021] Furthermore, the narrow side size of the cross-ridge main waveguide arm is similar to the rectangular TE 10 The narrow sides of the signal input segments have the same dimensions.

[0022] Furthermore, the height of the ridge structure is less than 0.2*b.

[0023] Furthermore, the radius R1 of the input end of the gradient fan-shaped waveguide is the same as the long side a1 of the arm of the cross-ridge main waveguide.

[0024] Furthermore, the ridge structure is a rectangular ridge structure, an elliptical ridge structure, or a wedge-shaped ridge structure to further optimize mode purity and conversion efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, the frustum matching structure is a stepped frustum structure with the frustum radius decreasing step by step, and the total height is smaller than the rectangular TE 10 Long side of the signal input segment.

[0026] Furthermore, the rectangular waveguide four-way power splitting feeding structure includes an input waveguide and a waveguide power splitting structure;

[0027] The input waveguide is a standard rectangular waveguide used to connect the front-end device. 10 The mode signal is transmitted to the waveguide power division structure;

[0028] The waveguide power splitter structure is a two-stage power splitter structure, including a T-type waveguide power splitter and two Y-type waveguide power splitters; the T-type waveguide power splitter is used to split the rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is split into two outputs; the two Y-type waveguide power splitters further divide the two rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is divided into four paths to realize four rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode output.

[0029] Furthermore, the circular waveguide TE 01 The pattern actuator is rounded to facilitate processing.

[0030] Furthermore, the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode exciter is manufactured using a traditional CNC lathe or through 3D printing.

[0031] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0032] TE input from a standard rectangular waveguide 10 The mode electromagnetic wave is first input into the rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure, and is divided into four TE 10 mold.

[0033] The generated four-way TE 10 mode passes through the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22The rectangular waveguide input section of the mode forming structure is injected simultaneously, and a cross-ridge waveguide TE with a ring-shaped electric field is synthesized in the cross-ridge main waveguide according to the principle of vector superposition. 22 By properly designing the relevant structural parameters of the ridge, it is possible to maintain the working mode, that is, the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Under the premise that the electric field distribution of the mode remains unchanged, the high-order parasitic mode, namely the cross-ridge waveguide TE, is effectively changed. 44 Mode and Quasi-TE 41 Since the electric field distribution of the parasitic mode is changed, the cross-ridge waveguide can achieve a larger mode spectrum spacing between the working mode and the parasitic mode, thereby realizing broadband cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode synthesis and parasitic modes in cross-ridge waveguide TE 44 Mode and Quasi-TE 41 A multi-stage frustum matching structure is set at the bottom of the cross-ridge main waveguide for impedance matching to achieve higher transmission efficiency and working bandwidth.

[0034] Finally, considering the different wall boundaries between the cross-ridge waveguide and the circular waveguide, the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode and Circular Waveguide TE 01 There are large differences in the propagation characteristics of the modes, which will lead to a reduction in the bandwidth of the device during the mode conversion process. In order to reduce the differences in propagation characteristics between different waveguide structures, the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode forming structure is composed of three parts, including the cross ridge waveguide-cross fan waveguide transition structure, the cross fan waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure and the output circular waveguide structure. 22 Mode in circular waveguide TE 01 The mode forming structure is first transformed into a cross-sector waveguide quasi-TE through a gradual cross-sector waveguide. 01 mode, and gradually transforms into a circular waveguide TE through a cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure 01 mode, through the above two-stage gradient process, the difference in mode propagation characteristics between different waveguides is effectively reduced, and the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode-cross fan waveguide quasi-TE 01 Mode-Circular Waveguide TE 01 The modes have highly similar circular electric fields, effectively realizing rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode to circular waveguide TE 01 Mode conversion.

[0035] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. The invention introduces a cross-ridge waveguide structure, which can achieve directional control of waveguide dispersion and significantly improve the working mode TE 22 Mode and parasitic mode TE44 , quasi TE 41 The cutoff frequency interval between modes can be increased, thereby more effectively suppressing parasitic modes and expanding the bandwidth of the mode exciter.

[0037] 2. The present invention introduces a cross-sector structure as an intermediate structure between the cross-ridge waveguide and the circular waveguide. By adjusting the shape of the cross-sector waveguide, the TE of the cross-ridge waveguide can be effectively reduced. 22 Mode and Circular Waveguide TE 01 The difference in propagation characteristics of the modes solves the cutoff phenomenon caused by the sudden change of the waveguide shape in the existing transition structure, expands the working bandwidth, and effectively reduces the TE 01 The height of the mode driver enhances the compactness of the device.

[0038] 3. The present invention has the advantages of high purity, high efficiency, wide bandwidth, and strong compactness. At the same time, the exciter of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to process and assemble, and has good engineering practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 The cross-ridge waveguide TE of the present invention 22 Schematic diagram of the pattern formation structure.

[0042] Figure 4 The cross-ridge waveguide TE of the present invention 22 Bottom view of the pattern-forming structure.

[0043] Figure 5 The circular waveguide TE of the present invention 01 Schematic diagram of the pattern formation structure.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the transmission performance and reflection parameter simulation results of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the output mode purity simulation results of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure; 2. Cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode forming structure; 3. Circular waveguide TE 01Mode forming structure; 4. T-type waveguide power divider; 5. Y-type waveguide power divider; 6. Cross-ridge main waveguide; 7. Rectangular waveguide input section; 8. Rectangular ridge structure; 9. Frustum matching structure; 10. Cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure; 11. Cross-fan-shaped waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure; 12. Output circular waveguide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0049] This embodiment provides an X-band broadband high-purity compact circular waveguide TE 01 Mode exciter, overall structure Figure 1 As shown, it consists of a rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure, a cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode-forming structures and circular waveguide TE 01 Pattern forming structure composition.

[0050] The rectangular waveguide four-way power splitting feeding structure uses a standard BJ100 rectangular waveguide (22.86mm*10.16mm) as an input port to connect one rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode input signal is passed as Figure 2 The T-type waveguide power divider and two Y-type waveguide power dividers shown are converted into four rectangular waveguide TEs with 90-degree rotational symmetry. 10 mode output signal, the four output signals are respectively connected to the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 The input ports of the pattern forming structure are connected.

[0051] The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 The mode forming structure is a 90° rotationally symmetrical structure used to connect the four rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode input signal synthesis cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 The main structure of the model is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0052] The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode forming structure, including cross-ridge main waveguide, four rectangular TE 10 Signal input segment and frustum matching structure.

[0053] The cross-ridge main waveguide has a cross-waveguide as its main body. The long side dimension of its waveguide arm is a1=24mm, and the narrow side dimension is b=11mm. At a distance of 5mm from the center of the cross-waveguide, two symmetrically distributed rectangular ridge structures are provided on the four waveguide arms of the cross-waveguide. The size of the ridge is 5mm*1.5mm.

[0054] The four rectangles TE 10The signal input section is set at the bottom of the cross-ridge main waveguide, with a size of a2*b=23.2mm*11mm, forming a sidewall coupling structure for introducing four rectangular TE 10 analog signal.

[0055] The frustum matching structure is a three-stage frustum, located below the cross-ridge main waveguide for impedance matching, achieving higher transmission efficiency and operating bandwidth. The first stage has a radius of 13mm and a height of 7mm; the second stage has a radius of 7mm and a height of 11mm; and the third stage has a radius of 3mm and a height of 5mm.

[0056] The circular waveguide TE 01 mode forming structure for the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 mode, achieving high purity circular TE 01 Mode output.

[0057] The circular waveguide TE 01 The mode forming structure includes a cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure, a cross-fan-shaped waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure, and an output circular waveguide structure.

[0058] The cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure is an opening structure with a height of 30 mm, which is used to realize the transition from the cross-ridge waveguide to the cross-fan-shaped waveguide. 22 Mode conversion to cross-sector waveguide quasi-TE 01 Mode; including a first tapered circular waveguide and four tapered fan-shaped waveguides; the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide from the input end to the output end is R 01 =10mm to R 02 =13mm linearly increases; the gradient fan-shaped waveguide corresponds to the four arms of the cross-ridge waveguide, its central angle remains unchanged at 42° along the transmission direction, and the inner and outer radii increase linearly from R1 = 24mm at the input end to R2 = 28mm at the output end, and the outer radius of the output end is the same as the output circular waveguide structure.

[0059] The cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure has a height of 175 mm and is used to realize the transition from the cross-sector waveguide to the circular waveguide, converting the cross-sector waveguide into a TE 01 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 The cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure has an input port that is consistent in shape with the output port of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure, and an output port that is consistent in shape with the output circular waveguide structure. This is achieved by linearly expanding the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide output port of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure and linearly closing the tapered sector waveguide sidewalls.

[0060] Figure 7 Circular waveguide TE 01 The conversion efficiency of the mode exciter and its input port reflection are as follows: the average reflection of the input port is less than -20dB in the range of 6.9GHz-12.9GHz, the transmission loss is less than -0.05dB, and the relative bandwidth is 60.6%; this shows that the present invention can realize rectangular waveguide TE in a wide frequency band. 10 Mode-Circular Waveguide TE 01 Efficient mode conversion.

[0061] Figure 8 The circular waveguide TE obtained by simulation 01 Mode purity of the mode driver, TE within 6.9GHz-12.9GHz 01 The purity of the mode is higher than 99%, indicating that the output of the present invention is basically all circular waveguide TE 01 model.

[0062] The above examples are only for the convenience of explaining the present invention. The present invention can also be applied to TE in other frequency bands. 01 Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made to the mode exciter without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be deemed as equivalent replacement methods and shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that include: Rectangular waveguide four-way power splitter feeding structure, cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode-forming structures and circular waveguide TE 01 Patterns form structures; The rectangular waveguide four-way power splitting feeding structure is used to connect one rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is converted into a rectangular waveguide TE with four directions and 90 degrees of rotational symmetry. 10 mode signal and input to the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Patterns form structures; The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 The mode forming structure is a 90° rotationally symmetrical structure used to connect the four rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode signal synthesis cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 mode signal and input to the circular waveguide TE 01 Patterns form structures; The cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode forming structure, including cross-ridge main waveguide, four rectangular TE 10 Signal input segment and frustum matching structure; The cross-ridge main waveguide has a main body that is a cross waveguide, and two symmetrically distributed ridge structures are provided on each of the four waveguide arms of the cross waveguide; The four rectangles TE 10 The signal input section is evenly distributed on the bottom sidewall of the cross-ridge main waveguide to form a sidewall coupling structure for introducing four-way rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode signal; The frustum matching structure is provided at the closed end face at the bottom of the cross-ridge main waveguide and is used for impedance matching to achieve higher transmission efficiency and working bandwidth; The circular waveguide TE 01 mode forming structure for the cross-ridge waveguide TE 22 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 mode, achieving high purity circular TE 01 Mode output; The circular waveguide TE 01 Mode forming structures, including a cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure, a cross-fan-shaped waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure, and an output circular waveguide structure; The cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure is used to realize the transition from the cross-ridge waveguide to the cross-fan-shaped waveguide. 22 Mode conversion to cross-sector waveguide quasi-TE 01 Mode; the cross-ridge waveguide-cross fan-shaped waveguide transition structure comprises a first tapered circular waveguide and four tapered fan-shaped waveguides; the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide increases linearly from the input end to the output end, and the radius of the input end is greater than Wherein, b represents the narrow side dimension of the waveguide arm of the cross waveguide, and the radius of the output end is smaller than the radius of the output circular waveguide structure; the four gradient fan-shaped waveguides correspond to the four arms of the cross ridge waveguide, and their central angles remain unchanged along the transmission direction. The inner and outer radii increase linearly from the input end to the output end, and the outer radius of the output end is the same as that of the output circular waveguide structure; The cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure is used to realize the transition from the cross-sector waveguide to the circular waveguide, and to convert the cross-sector waveguide into a TE 01 Mode conversion to circular waveguide TE 01 Mode; the input port of the cross-sector waveguide-circular waveguide transition structure has the same shape as the output port of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure, and the output port has the same shape as the output circular waveguide structure, which is obtained by linearly expanding the radius of the first tapered circular waveguide of the cross-ridge waveguide-cross-sector waveguide transition structure and linearly approaching and closing the side wall of the tapered sector waveguide; The output circular waveguide structure is used to convert the circular waveguide TE 01 The mode is output to the subsequent device.

2. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 1 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The narrow side size of the cross-ridge main waveguide arm is similar to that of the rectangular TE 10 The narrow sides of the signal input segments have the same dimensions.

3. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 2 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The height of the ridge structure is less than 0.2*b.

4. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 3 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The ridge structure is a rectangular ridge structure, an elliptical ridge structure, or a wedge-shaped ridge structure.

5. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 3 or 4 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The radius R1 of the input end of the tapered fan-shaped waveguide is the same as the long side a1 of the arm of the cross-ridge main waveguide.

6. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 5 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The frustum matching structure is a stepped frustum structure with gradually decreasing frustum radius at each level, and the total height is smaller than the rectangular TE 10 Long side of the signal input segment.

7. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 6 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The rectangular waveguide four-way power splitting feeding structure includes an input waveguide and a waveguide power splitting structure; The input waveguide is a standard rectangular waveguide used to connect the front-end device. 10 The mode signal is transmitted to the waveguide power division structure; The waveguide power splitter structure is a two-stage power splitter structure, including a T-type waveguide power splitter and two Y-type waveguide power splitters; the T-type waveguide power splitter is used to split the rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is split into two outputs; the two Y-type waveguide power splitters further divide the two rectangular waveguide TE 10 The mode signal is divided into four paths to realize four rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode output.

8. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 7 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The circular waveguide TE 01 The pattern actuator is rounded to facilitate processing.

9. A broadband circular waveguide TE based on a cross-ridge waveguide as claimed in claim 8 01 A mode exciter, characterized in that The circular waveguide TE 01 The mode exciter is manufactured using a traditional CNC lathe or through 3D printing.

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