Unmanned aerial vehicle dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching. The unmanned aerial vehicle dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching comprises a common GNSS antenna, an anti-interference GNSS antenna, a radio frequency switch, an interference detection unit and a ground station control module. The common GNSS antenna and the anti-interference GNSS antenna are both connected with the radio frequency switch. And the ground station control module is respectively connected with the radio frequency switch and the interference detection unit through a communication link. The unmanned aerial vehicle dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching provided by the invention has the advantages of being capable of autonomously adapting to different interference environments, having positioning reliability and precision, and effectively improving the navigation performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle in a complex environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) navigation technology, and in particular to an autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, drones rely heavily on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) for positioning and navigation during their missions. However, existing drone GNSS antenna systems have limitations. In interference-free environments, standard GNSS antennas can provide high positioning accuracy, meeting the requirements of most drone missions. However, when drones enter areas with electromagnetic interference, the positioning performance of standard GNSS antennas can be severely affected, potentially even causing positioning failure, exposing the drone to risks of loss of control and deviation from its route.

[0003] To address positioning issues in interference environments, some drones are now equipped with GNSS anti-interference antennas. These antennas employ specialized anti-interference technologies, such as adaptive zeroing, to effectively suppress external electromagnetic interference, ensuring GNSS signal reception and positioning in interference-free environments. However, GNSS anti-interference antennas also have drawbacks. For example, their positioning accuracy is typically lower than that of standard GNSS antennas. Especially in interference-free environments, using an anti-interference antenna can actually reduce the drone's positioning accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a dual-mode GNSS antenna system for drones based on autonomous switching, which can autonomously adapt to different interference environments, has both positioning reliability and accuracy, and effectively improves the navigation performance of drones in complex environments.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system based on autonomous switching, which includes: a common GNSS antenna, an anti-interference GNSS antenna, a radio frequency switch, an interference detection unit and a ground station control module.

[0007] The common GNSS antenna and the anti-interference GNSS antenna are both connected to the radio frequency switch; the ground station control module is connected to the radio frequency switch and the interference detection unit respectively through a communication link;

[0008] The common GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in a low-interference or no-interference environment;

[0009] The anti-interference GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in an interference environment;

[0010] The radio frequency switch is used to switch the signal path;

[0011] The interference detection unit is used to detect the electromagnetic interference intensity in the current environment;

[0012] The ground station control module is used to control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path according to the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit;

[0013] When the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is lower than the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to connect to the ordinary GNSS antenna; when the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is higher than or equal to the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to switch to the anti-interference GNSS antenna.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-interference GNSS antenna includes at least 7 adaptive nulling antenna elements for suppressing external electromagnetic interference.

[0015] Preferably, the anti-interference GNSS antenna adopts space-time adaptive processing technology or beamforming technology to improve anti-interference capability.

[0016] Preferably, the interference detection unit includes a spectrum analyzer and a detection antenna, which are used to monitor electromagnetic interference signals in the environment in real time.

[0017] Preferably, the ground station control module also includes an early warning module, which is used to issue an interface alarm when the signal strength measured by the interference detection unit is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, reminding the ground station staff to switch antennas or adjust flight strategies.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a storage module, which is connected to the ground station control module and is used to store interference intensity historical data and antenna switching records.

[0019] Preferably, a manual switching module is included, and the manual switching module is used to allow a user to manually control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path on the airborne side.

[0020] Compared with related technologies, the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention provides a dual-mode GNSS antenna system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on autonomous switching. By automatically detecting the intensity of environmental interference and switching to different types of GNSS antennas, the system can fully utilize the high-precision advantages of ordinary GNSS antennas while ensuring positioning reliability, thereby improving the positioning performance of UAVs in various environments. The anti-interference GNSS antenna adopts adaptive nulling antenna array elements and advanced anti-interference technology, which can effectively suppress external electromagnetic interference and ensure positioning reliability in strong interference environments. The setting of the storage module facilitates the analysis of interference conditions and antenna switching history, providing a reference for subsequent mission planning and system optimization. The setting of the manual switching module provides the possibility of manual intervention, thereby increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the principle of the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a workflow diagram of the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the principle of the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The workflow diagram of the autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system includes: a common GNSS antenna, an anti-interference GNSS antenna, a radio frequency switch, an interference detection unit, and a ground station control module.

[0026] The common GNSS antenna and the anti-interference GNSS antenna are both connected to the radio frequency switch; the ground station control module is connected to the radio frequency switch and the interference detection unit respectively through a communication link;

[0027] The common GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in a low-interference or no-interference environment;

[0028] The anti-interference GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in an interference environment;

[0029] The radio frequency switch is used to switch the signal path;

[0030] The interference detection unit is used to detect the electromagnetic interference intensity in the current environment;

[0031] The ground station control module is used to control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path according to the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit;

[0032] When the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is lower than the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to connect to the ordinary GNSS antenna; when the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is higher than or equal to the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to switch to the anti-interference GNSS antenna.

[0033] The anti-interference GNSS antenna includes at least 7 adaptive nulling antenna array elements for suppressing external electromagnetic interference.

[0034] The anti-interference GNSS antenna adopts space-time adaptive processing technology or beamforming technology to improve anti-interference capability.

[0035] The interference detection unit includes a spectrum analyzer and a detection antenna, which is used to monitor electromagnetic interference signals in the environment in real time.

[0036] The ground station control module also includes an early warning module, which is used to issue an interface alarm when the signal strength measured by the interference detection unit is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, reminding the ground station staff to switch antennas or adjust flight strategies.

[0037] It also includes a storage module, which is connected to the ground station control module and is used to store interference intensity historical data and antenna switching records.

[0038] A manual switching module is included, which is used to allow a user to manually control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path on the airborne side.

[0039] In other embodiments, the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention further includes a positioning accuracy evaluation module, which is connected to the GNSS receiver and the ground station control module. The positioning accuracy evaluation module is used to evaluate the positioning accuracy of the antenna currently in use. The positioning accuracy evaluation module can evaluate whether the current positioning accuracy meets the mission requirements by analyzing the positioning information output by the GNSS receiver and calculating the positioning error or other accuracy indicators. The ground station control module is also configured to: when using an anti-interference GNSS antenna, if the positioning accuracy evaluated by the positioning accuracy evaluation module meets the mission requirements, continue to use the anti-interference GNSS antenna; if the positioning accuracy does not meet the mission requirements, issue an alarm or adjust the UAV flight strategy.

[0040] The working principle of the autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0041] S1: After starting work, the ground station control module first initializes the system and sets the preset threshold of interference intensity;

[0042] S2: The ground station control module obtains the interference intensity information of the current environment in real time through the interference detection unit;

[0043] S3: comparing the detected interference intensity with a preset threshold;

[0044] S4: If the interference intensity is lower than the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to connect the ordinary GNSS antenna to the GNSS receiver and use the ordinary GNSS antenna for positioning;

[0045] S5: If the interference intensity is higher than or equal to the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to connect the anti-interference GNSS antenna to the GNSS receiver and use the anti-interference GNSS antenna for positioning;

[0046] S6: When using the anti-interference GNSS antenna for positioning, the ground station control module evaluates the current positioning accuracy through the positioning accuracy evaluation module;

[0047] S7: If the positioning accuracy meets the mission requirements, continue to use the anti-interference GNSS antenna for positioning; if the positioning accuracy does not meet the mission requirements, issue an alarm or adjust the drone's flight strategy;

[0048] S8: The system continues to run, repeating steps 2-7 above, monitoring the interference intensity in real time and switching antennas as needed.

[0049] Compared with related technologies, the autonomous switching-based UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The present invention provides a dual-mode GNSS antenna system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on autonomous switching. By automatically detecting the intensity of environmental interference and switching to different types of GNSS antennas, the system can fully utilize the high-precision advantages of ordinary GNSS antennas while ensuring positioning reliability, thereby improving the positioning performance of UAVs in various environments. The anti-interference GNSS antenna adopts adaptive nulling antenna array elements and advanced anti-interference technology, which can effectively suppress external electromagnetic interference and ensure positioning reliability in strong interference environments. The setting of the storage module facilitates the analysis of interference conditions and antenna switching history, providing a reference for subsequent mission planning and system optimization. The setting of the manual switching module provides the possibility of manual intervention, thereby increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0051] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode GNSS antenna system for unmanned aerial vehicles based on autonomous switching, characterized in that: include: Ordinary GNSS antenna, anti-interference GNSS antenna, RF switch, interference detection unit and ground station control module, The common GNSS antenna and the anti-interference GNSS antenna are both connected to the radio frequency switch; the ground station control module is connected to the radio frequency switch and the interference detection unit respectively through a communication link; The common GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in a low-interference or no-interference environment; The anti-interference GNSS antenna is used to receive GNSS signals in an interference environment; The radio frequency switch is used to switch the signal path; The interference detection unit is used to detect the electromagnetic interference intensity in the current environment; The ground station control module is used to control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path according to the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit; When the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is lower than the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to connect to the ordinary GNSS antenna; when the interference intensity detected by the interference detection unit is higher than or equal to the preset threshold, the ground station control module controls the RF switch to switch to the anti-interference GNSS antenna.

2. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-interference GNSS antenna includes at least 7 adaptive nulling antenna array elements for suppressing external electromagnetic interference.

3. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-interference GNSS antenna adopts space-time adaptive processing technology or beamforming technology to improve anti-interference capability.

4. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interference detection unit includes a spectrum analyzer and a detection antenna, which is used to monitor electromagnetic interference signals in the environment in real time.

5. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground station control module also includes an early warning module, which is used to issue an interface alarm when the signal strength measured by the interference detection unit is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, reminding the ground station staff to switch antennas or adjust flight strategies.

6. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a storage module, which is connected to the ground station control module and is used to store interference intensity historical data and antenna switching records.

7. The autonomous switching UAV dual-mode GNSS antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A manual switching module is included, which is used to allow a user to manually control the radio frequency switch to switch the signal path on the airborne side.

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