Power transmission tower communication self-healing system and method based on double transceiver modules

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and discloses a power transmission tower communication self-healing system and method based on double transmit-receive modules, and a power transmission tower terminal comprises a first transmit-receive module and a second transmit-receive module. The first transceiving module is used for storing communication transceiving data with a target terminal into a shared memory and executing a node detection step; the first transceiver module is also used for forwarding the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and entering a sleep mode; the second transceiver module is used for updating and broadcasting the routing table after receiving the switching instruction; acquiring communication transceiving data in the shared memory; and communicating with a target terminal according to the monitored physical layer signal and the acquired communication transceiving data, and executing a node detection step. According to the invention, when the terminal has a serious fault, the power transmission tower terminal communicating with the terminal can detect the fault in time and notify the terminal to switch the second transceiver module, so that the stable data transmission effect of the power transmission tower network is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a transmission tower communication self-healing system and method based on dual transceiver modules. Background Art

[0002] Overhead transmission and distribution towers are often located on the outskirts of cities or in uninhabited areas. Transmission lines cover vast areas, are long, and face complex environments. Traversing complex terrain creates significant inconvenience for line maintenance and management. Most public networks (4G / 5G) focus on covering densely populated areas. However, due to the widespread and dispersed nature of transmission lines, which stretch for tens or even hundreds of kilometers, numerous areas with weak or no signal exist. Overhead transmission and distribution towers in uninhabited areas are often separated by long distances. Due to the limited coverage and communication costs of the public network, high-speed services such as line video surveillance information transmission are often impossible to carry out. This makes it difficult to promptly repair faults at transmission tower terminals, resulting in unstable communication links and the risk of communication interruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing system and method based on dual transceiver modules, which can reduce the operations of terminal self-checking and broadcasting fault information. It can also enable the transmission tower terminal communicating with it to detect the serious fault of the terminal in time, notify it to switch to the second transceiver module, or change the relay node in time, so as to ensure stable data transmission of the transmission tower network.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing system based on a dual transceiver module, comprising a plurality of transmission tower terminals, each of which comprises a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module;

[0005] The first transceiver module is used to store communication transceiver data with the target terminal in a shared memory and perform a node detection step; the node detection step includes: obtaining an optical power deviation of the target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining the number of heartbeat missing of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting the communication delay with the target terminal based on the network layer BFD protocol; determining whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing, and the communication delay; and if so, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal;

[0006] The first transceiver module is further configured to forward the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enter a sleep mode;

[0007] The second transceiver module is used to monitor the physical layer signal before receiving the switching instruction; after receiving the switching instruction, update the routing table and broadcast it; obtain the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicate with the target terminal based on the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and execute the node detection step.

[0008] Furthermore, the first transceiver module is specifically used to normalize the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times and the communication delay; multiply the optical power deviation by the preset optical power weight to obtain an optical power evaluation parameter; multiply the number of heartbeat missing times by the preset heartbeat weight to obtain a heartbeat evaluation parameter; multiply the communication delay by the preset delay weight to obtain a delay evaluation parameter; add the optical power evaluation parameter, the heartbeat evaluation parameter and the delay evaluation parameter to obtain a communication link evaluation parameter; determine whether the communication link evaluation parameter is greater than a preset fault threshold; if so, determine that the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission tower terminal also includes a weight evaluation module for obtaining a routing table of the target terminal; determining the geographic coordinates of the target terminal based on the routing table; obtaining weather data and terrain data between the target terminal and the target terminal based on the geographic coordinates; and determining a preset optical power weight, a preset heartbeat weight, and a preset delay weight based on the weather data and terrain data.

[0010] Furthermore, weather data includes visibility, precipitation intensity, and wind speed;

[0011] Terrain data includes elevation differences and obstacle density.

[0012] Furthermore, the weight evaluation module is specifically used to normalize visibility, precipitation intensity, wind speed, altitude difference and obstacle density; calculate the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient based on the normalized visibility, precipitation intensity and wind speed; calculate the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient based on the normalized altitude difference and obstacle density; and obtain the preset optical power weight, preset heartbeat weight and preset delay weight based on the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient and the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient.

[0013] Furthermore, the second transceiver module is specifically configured to update the loop status information in the routing table from the primary ring status to the backup ring status; and update the MAC address, signal strength matrix, channel occupancy rate and timestamp in the routing table.

[0014] Furthermore, the first transceiver module is also used to obtain the loop status information of the routing table of the target terminal when it is determined that the communication link with the target terminal fails; if the loop status information is the main loop state, a switching instruction is sent to the first transceiver module of the target terminal; if the loop status information is the standby loop state, a power adjustment instruction is sent to the second transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, the second transceiver module is further configured to calculate a real-time bit error rate after receiving a power adjustment instruction; adjust the transmission power according to the real-time bit error rate; and send power adjustment information to a transmission tower terminal corresponding to the switching instruction.

[0016] Furthermore, the first transceiver module is further configured to determine again whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty after receiving the power adjustment information; if so, to redetermine the optimal relay path based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

[0017] Furthermore, the transmission tower terminal also includes a fault prediction module, which is used to obtain the optical power deviation sequence, heartbeat missing number sequence and communication delay sequence of the target terminal whose loop status information is the standby ring state; the optical power deviation sequence, heartbeat missing number sequence and communication delay sequence are input into the fault prediction model to obtain the terminal failure prediction probability; if the terminal failure prediction probability is greater than the preset disconnection threshold, the optimal relay path is re-determined according to the received routing tables and Dijkstra algorithm.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules, which is applied to a transmission tower terminal; the transmission tower terminal includes a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module, including:

[0019] The first transceiver module stores the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into the shared memory;

[0020] The first transceiver module performs a node detection step; the node detection step includes: obtaining an optical power deviation of the target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining a number of heartbeat missing times of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting a communication delay with the target terminal based on a network layer BFD protocol; determining whether a communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times, and the communication delay; and if so, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal;

[0021] The first transceiver module forwards the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enters a sleep mode;

[0022] The second transceiver module monitors the physical layer signal before receiving the switching instruction;

[0023] After receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module updates the routing table and broadcasts it;

[0024] The second transceiver module obtains the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicates with the target terminal according to the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and executes the node detection step.

[0025] Furthermore, the above-mentioned determining whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of missed heartbeats, and the communication delay includes:

[0026] Normalize optical power deviation, heartbeat missing times, and communication delay;

[0027] Multiplying the optical power deviation by the preset optical power weight to obtain an optical power evaluation parameter;

[0028] Multiply the number of missed heartbeats by the preset heartbeat weight to obtain the heartbeat evaluation parameter;

[0029] Multiply the communication delay by the preset delay weight to obtain the delay evaluation parameter;

[0030] Adding the optical power evaluation parameter, the heartbeat evaluation parameter, and the delay evaluation parameter to obtain a communication link evaluation parameter; determining whether the communication link evaluation parameter is greater than a preset fault threshold;

[0031] If so, it is determined that the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

[0032] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0033] Obtaining a routing table of the target terminal; determining the geographic coordinates of the target terminal based on the routing table;

[0034] Acquire weather data and terrain data between the target terminal and the target terminal according to geographic coordinates;

[0035] The preset optical power weight, the preset heartbeat weight, and the preset delay weight are determined according to the weather data and the terrain data.

[0036] Furthermore, weather data includes visibility, precipitation intensity, and wind speed; terrain data includes altitude difference and obstacle density.

[0037] Furthermore, the above-mentioned determination of the preset optical power weight, the preset heartbeat weight, and the preset delay weight based on the weather data and the terrain data includes:

[0038] Normalize visibility, precipitation intensity, wind speed, altitude difference, and obstacle density;

[0039] The meteorological comprehensive impact coefficient is calculated based on the normalized visibility, precipitation intensity and wind speed;

[0040] The terrain comprehensive influence coefficient is calculated based on the normalized altitude difference and obstacle density;

[0041] The preset optical power weight, the preset heartbeat weight and the preset delay weight are obtained based on the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient and the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient.

[0042] Furthermore, after receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module updates the routing table and broadcasts it, including:

[0043] Update the ring status information in the routing table from the primary ring status to the backup ring status;

[0044] Update the MAC address, signal strength matrix, channel occupancy, and timestamp in the routing table.

[0045] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0046] When determining that the communication link with the target terminal fails, obtaining loop status information of the routing table of the target terminal;

[0047] If the loop state information is a primary loop state, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal;

[0048] If the loop state information indicates a standby loop state, a power adjustment instruction is sent to the second transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0049] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0050] The second transceiver module calculates the real-time bit error rate after receiving the power adjustment instruction;

[0051] Adjust transmit power based on real-time bit error rate;

[0052] Send power adjustment information to the transmission tower terminal corresponding to the switching instruction.

[0053] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0054] After receiving the power adjustment information, determining again whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty;

[0055] If so, the optimal relay path is re-determined based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

[0056] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0057] Obtain the optical power deviation sequence, heartbeat missing number sequence, and communication delay sequence of the target terminal whose loop status information is in the standby state, and input them into the fault prediction model to obtain the terminal failure prediction probability;

[0058] Determine whether the terminal failure prediction probability is greater than a preset disconnection threshold;

[0059] If so, the optimal relay path is re-determined based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

[0060] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0061] The embodiment of the present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules. First, two transceiver modules are set in the transmission tower terminal. When the first transceiver module is working, it is instructed to put the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into the shared memory so that the second transceiver module can read and use it. Secondly, no matter which of the two transceiver modules is working, it will perform physical layer monitoring, link layer heartbeat packet monitoring and network layer BFD protocol detection on the target terminal communicating with the transmission tower terminal where it is located, and judge whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the monitored optical power deviation, number of heartbeat missing times and communication delay. If the fault occurs, If a fault occurs, the target terminal is deemed to have failed, and a switching instruction is sent to switch to the second transceiver module to work; it is worth noting that each transmission tower terminal is detected for faults by the transmission tower terminal communicating with it according to the parameter indicators (optical power deviation, number of heartbeat loss and communication delay) during the communication process. This not only reduces the operation of terminal self-test and fault information broadcasting, but also enables the transmission tower terminal communicating with it to detect the terminal in time when a serious fault occurs, and notify it to switch to the backup (second) transceiver module, or change the relay node in time to ensure stable data transmission of the transmission tower network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a transmission tower terminal provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Figure 2 A flowchart of a transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules is provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Figure 3 A flowchart of the communication link failure determination steps provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Figure 4 A flowchart of weight calculation steps provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0067] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] See Figure 1An embodiment of the present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules, including multiple transmission tower terminals, each of which includes a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module.

[0069] Among them, the first transceiver module and the second transceiver module are both communication modules currently commonly used in transmission tower terminals, but they have changed from the original single transceiver module to the current dual transceiver module, and this application has added some algorithm processes and monitoring units, so that it can monitor the quality of the communication link with the target terminal during the communication process, and perform corresponding operations when a fault is detected, thereby realizing self-healing of the transmission tower terminal network communication and ensuring the stability of the communication link between each terminal.

[0070] The first transceiver module is used to store the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into the shared memory and perform the node detection step.

[0071] It is worth noting that in order to ensure that the second transceiver module can smoothly take over the communication task of the first transceiver module after the faulty first transceiver module is switched, the two transceiver modules share a shared memory. At the current moment, only the working transceiver module will read and write the shared memory, and there will be no read conflict or write conflict.

[0072] Among them, the node detection step includes: obtaining the optical power deviation of the target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining the number of heartbeat missing of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting the communication delay with the target terminal based on the network layer BFD protocol; judging whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing and the communication delay; if so, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0073] Specifically, the first transceiver module is specifically used to normalize the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times and the communication delay; multiply the optical power deviation by the preset optical power weight to obtain an optical power evaluation parameter; multiply the number of heartbeat missing times by the preset heartbeat weight to obtain a heartbeat evaluation parameter; multiply the communication delay by the preset delay weight to obtain a delay evaluation parameter; add the optical power evaluation parameter, the heartbeat evaluation parameter and the delay evaluation parameter to obtain a communication link evaluation parameter; determine whether the communication link evaluation parameter is greater than a preset fault threshold; if so, determine that the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

[0074] The communication link evaluation parameter D can be calculated by referring to the following formula:

[0075] D=α·P+β·E+γ·T

[0076] Among them, α is the preset optical power weight, P is the normalized optical power deviation; β is the preset heartbeat weight, E is the number of heartbeat missing times; γ is the preset delay weight, T is the communication delay.

[0077] Specifically, physical layer monitoring mainly reads the optical power in real time through the DOM function of the SFP-DD unit in the first / second transceiver module, sending 802.11ax detection frames (center frequency band 5.8GHz±100MHz) every 30 seconds, with -23dBm to -3dBm as the normal range, and the part outside this range is used as the optical power deviation P.

[0078] The link layer monitors the communication between the target terminal and the 32-byte KeepAlive data packet every 200ms. If no corresponding feedback is received after sending, the number of heartbeat missing times E plus 1 is recorded.

[0079] The BFD fast detection protocol at the network layer is a well-known algorithm and is not described in detail here.

[0080] The first transceiver module is further configured to forward the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enter a sleep mode.

[0081] Specifically, the sleep mode means that each internal structural unit of the first transceiver module performs a power-off operation to reduce power consumption.

[0082] The second transceiver module is used to monitor the physical layer signal before receiving the switching instruction; after receiving the switching instruction, update the routing table and broadcast it; obtain the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicate with the target terminal based on the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and execute the node detection step.

[0083] It is worth noting that the first transceiver module receives the switching instruction when the transmission tower terminal where the two transceiver modules are located is monitored as a "target terminal" and is determined to be faulty.

[0084] The detailed process of the second transceiver module performing the node detection step is the same as that of the first transceiver module, so for details, please refer to the description of the embodiment of the first transceiver module performing the node detection step.

[0085] The above embodiment provides a transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules. First, two transceiver modules are set in the transmission tower terminal. When the first transceiver module is working, it is instructed to put the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into the shared memory so that the second transceiver module can read and use it. Secondly, no matter which of the two transceiver modules is working, it will perform physical layer monitoring, link layer heartbeat packet monitoring and network layer BFD protocol detection on the target terminal communicating with the transmission tower terminal where it is located. Based on the monitored optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times and the communication delay, it is judged whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty. If the fault occurs, If a fault occurs, the target terminal is deemed to have failed, and a switching instruction is sent to switch to the second transceiver module to work; it is worth noting that each transmission tower terminal is detected for faults by the transmission tower terminal communicating with it according to the parameter indicators (optical power deviation, number of heartbeat loss and communication delay) during the communication process. This not only reduces the operation of terminal self-test and fault information broadcasting, but also enables the transmission tower terminal communicating with it to detect the terminal in time when a serious fault occurs, and notify it to switch to the backup (second) transceiver module, or change the relay node in time to ensure stable data transmission of the transmission tower network.

[0086] In some embodiments, the transmission tower terminal also includes a weight evaluation module for obtaining a routing table of a target terminal; determining the geographic coordinates of the target terminal based on the routing table; obtaining weather data and terrain data between the target terminal and the target terminal based on the geographic coordinates; and determining a preset optical power weight, a preset heartbeat weight, and a preset delay weight based on the weather data and terrain data.

[0087] Among them, weather data includes visibility, precipitation intensity and wind speed.

[0088] Terrain data includes elevation differences and obstacle density.

[0089] Specifically, the weight evaluation module is used to normalize visibility, precipitation intensity, wind speed, altitude difference and obstacle density; calculate the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient based on the normalized visibility, precipitation intensity and wind speed; calculate the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient based on the normalized altitude difference and obstacle density; and obtain the preset optical power weight, preset heartbeat weight and preset delay weight based on the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient and the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient.

[0090] The detailed calculation process can be found in the following formula:

[0091] V ′ =1-e -0.5V

[0092] R ′ =min(1,R / 20)

[0093] W′ =min(1,W / 15)

[0094] ΔH ′ =min(1,ΔH / 500)

[0095] S ′ =min(1,S / 10)

[0096] Among them, V is visibility, unit is km; R is precipitation intensity, unit is mm / h; wind speed is W, unit is m / s; ΔH is altitude difference, unit is m; S is obstacle density, unit is the number of obstacles (mountains / trees) per square kilometer.

[0097] The parameters on the left side of the equal sign are the normalized results of the parameters on the right side of the equal sign.

[0098] WeatherImpact=0.4V ′ +0.4R ′ +0.2W′

[0099] TopoImpact=0.6ΔH ′ +0.4S′

[0100]

[0101] Z=0.7-0.1·WeatherImpact+0.2·TopoImpact

[0102] α+β+γ=1

[0103] Among them, WeatherImpact is the comprehensive meteorological impact coefficient; TopoImpact is the comprehensive terrain impact coefficient.

[0104] It should be noted that the above weight determination method is based on the following considerations: (1) In rainy and foggy weather, the optical power is easily attenuated, and the preset optical power weight α is increased (up to 0.6). When the terrain is complex (ΔH ′ →1), appropriately reduce α (because the terrain has a greater impact on wireless signals); (2) Strong winds cause antenna jitter, and heartbeat packets are easily lost. The preset heartbeat weight β is increased (up to 0.4). When the obstacle density is high, it is necessary to rely more on heartbeat packets to detect the link status; (3) The undulating terrain causes multipath effects and significant delay fluctuations. The preset delay weight γ is increased (up to 0.3). In bad weather, γ is appropriately reduced (because delay is not sensitive to weather).

[0105] During the specific implementation process, meteorological data can be obtained in real time through tower-mounted meteorological stations (or satellite remote sensing); terrain data can be updated using preset GIS map data + drone inspections.

[0106] The above embodiment dynamically updates the weights for communication link fault detection based on weather and terrain data between the communicating transmission tower terminals, thereby ensuring the accuracy of fault detection.

[0107] In some embodiments, the second transceiver module is specifically used to update the loop status information in the routing table from the primary ring state to the backup ring state; and update the MAC address, signal strength matrix, channel occupancy and timestamp in the routing table.

[0108] The routing table includes the unique identifier of the terminal node (generally a MAC address), GPS coordinates (i.e., the geographic coordinates of the above embodiment, with an accuracy of ±3m), hop count statistics, communication node ID, signal strength matrix (recording the real-time received signal strength with the target terminal, in dBm), channel occupancy (interference index of the 5.8GHz frequency band obtained based on 802.11ax detection frame scanning), optimal relay path, and timestamp of the last successful communication.

[0109] After the MAC address is updated, when other transmission tower terminals send data, the data is sent to the second transceiver module corresponding to the MAC address; the loop status information is newly added to the routing table in this application for the following purposes.

[0110] The first transceiver module is also used to obtain the loop status information of the routing table of the target terminal when it is determined that the communication link with the target terminal fails; if the loop status information is the main loop state, a switching instruction is sent to the first transceiver module of the target terminal; if the loop status information is the standby loop state, a power adjustment instruction is sent to the second transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0111] It is understandable that when monitoring the status of the communication link, the terminal communicating with the current transmission tower may be the second transceiver module of the target terminal that has been switched, rather than the first transceiver module, that is, the target terminal has already switched the transceiver module, and there are no more transceiver modules to switch at this time. This situation can be judged by the loop status information in the routing table.

[0112] If the faulty target terminal uses the second transceiver module, it will not be asked to switch the transceiver module. Instead, it will be asked to adjust the transmission power to reduce the optical power deviation and eliminate the situation where the heartbeat packet cannot be received due to large interference.

[0113] The second transceiver module is further configured to calculate a real-time bit error rate after receiving a power adjustment instruction; adjust the transmission power according to the real-time bit error rate; and send power adjustment information to a transmission tower terminal corresponding to the switching instruction.

[0114] Specifically, the formula for adjusting the real-time bit error rate to the transmit power is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Wherein, e(t) is the real-time bit error rate; ΔP is the transmit power value that needs to be increased.

[0117] In addition to adjusting the transmit power, the beam of the 4x4 MIMO phased array antenna can also be adjusted. Through the beamforming algorithm, the horizontal scan range (0° to 360°), pitch angle (-15° to +45°) and beam width (5° to 60°) can be adjusted.

[0118] The first transceiver module is further configured to, after receiving the power adjustment information, determine again whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty; if so, re-determine the optimal relay path based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

[0119] Furthermore, as in the above embodiment, the second transceiver module adjusts the transmission power and antenna beam, and the power adjustment information can be transmitted multiple times until all parameters of the second transceiver module of the target terminal reach the maximum value. If a communication failure is still detected, the communication link can be readjusted at this time to avoid the faulty transmission tower terminal node.

[0120] Specifically, the improved Dijkstra algorithm can be used to dynamically calculate the optimal relay path, and the weight formula is:

[0121] Weight = 0.4 × hop count + 0.3 × RSSI + 0.2 × remaining battery power + 0.1 × environmental interference

[0122] The information required in the calculation formula is recorded in the routing table broadcast by each transmission tower terminal.

[0123] After obtaining the weight of each relay node, the optimal relay path is determined by prioritizing the weight.

[0124] Subsequently, the current transmission tower terminal will communicate and output transmission according to the nodes in the optimal relay path.

[0125] In the specific implementation process, the transmission tower node located in the middle of the network can adopt the above method, and in the event of a head-end failure, the satellite backup link is activated; in the event of a terminal failure, a temporary star network (Mesh mode) is constructed through the nearest three neighboring nodes.

[0126] It should be noted that since the application scenario of this application is a cluster of transmission towers in an uninhabited area, the cost of increasing the transceiver module needs to be considered. Therefore, this application only sets up a second transceiver module to try to ensure that the improvement cost is reduced.

[0127] In some embodiments, the transmission tower terminal also includes a fault prediction module, which is used to obtain the optical power deviation sequence, heartbeat missing number sequence and communication delay sequence of the target terminal whose loop status information is the standby ring state; the optical power deviation sequence, heartbeat missing number sequence and communication delay sequence are input into the fault prediction model to obtain the terminal failure prediction probability; if the terminal failure prediction probability is greater than the preset disconnection threshold, the optimal relay path is re-determined according to the received routing tables and Dijkstra algorithm.

[0128] It can be assumed that transmission towers are located in uninhabited areas and their power consumption depends on batteries and solar energy. Frequent heartbeat monitoring and routing table updates will greatly consume the energy of the transmission towers, affecting their normal operation. However, if the monitoring update interval is lengthened, node faults will not be handled in a timely manner. Therefore, a lightweight machine learning model can be integrated into the transceiver module. Before integration, a large amount of data from faulty communication links is used to perform optical power deviation sequences, heartbeat missing number sequences, and communication delay sequences to obtain a fault prediction model, which is then integrated into the first and second transceiver modules to predict communication node failures, switch to the optimal relay path in advance, reduce fault monitoring time, and implement fault node avoidance in advance while reducing power consumption.

[0129] Specifically, first collect event records such as optical power fluctuations, heartbeat packet loss, and sudden delay increases (labeled with normal / faulty states). Then, in the test environment, artificially create scenarios such as link interruption and module overheating (which must cover meteorological conditions such as rain, snow, and strong winds). Alternatively, refer to the IEEE PES transmission line communication fault dataset (such as the network outage data in CICIDS2017).

[0130] Then, features are extracted from the dataset, including the sliding window mean of optical power deviation (window size 10s), the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) of heartbeat missing times, the differential value of delay (the difference between the current value and the previous cycle), real-time visibility, wind speed, humidity, and terrain obstruction coefficient (calculated based on pre-stored GIS data).

[0131] This application is trained using 1D CNN + knowledge distillation. The teacher model is a high-precision BiLSTM trained on the server side. The student model is a 1D CNN (3-layer convolution + global pooling), which is compressed to 50KB using the distillation loss function. The input data dimension is input_shape = (30, 5), i.e. 30 time steps and 5 features (optical power, heartbeat, latency, visibility, wind speed). The loss function uses FocalLoss to address class imbalance.

[0132] The fault prediction model finally trained can achieve fault prediction 8-15 seconds in advance.

[0133] See Figure 2 Another embodiment of the present application provides a transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules, which is applied to a transmission tower terminal; the transmission tower terminal includes a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module, including:

[0134] Step S11 : The first transceiver module stores the communication data with the target terminal into a shared memory.

[0135] It is worth noting that in order to ensure that the second transceiver module can smoothly take over the communication task of the first transceiver module after the faulty first transceiver module is switched, the two transceiver modules share a shared memory. At the current moment, only the working transceiver module will read and write the shared memory, and there will be no read conflict or write conflict.

[0136] In step S12, the first transceiver module executes a node detection step; the node detection step includes: obtaining the optical power deviation of the target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining the number of heartbeat missing of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting the communication delay with the target terminal based on the network layer BFD protocol; judging whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing and the communication delay; and if so, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0137] See Figure 3 In some embodiments, the above-mentioned determining whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of missing heartbeats, and the communication delay includes:

[0138] Step S121 , normalizing the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times, and the communication delay.

[0139] Step S122 : multiplying the optical power deviation by a preset optical power weight to obtain an optical power evaluation parameter.

[0140] Step S123 : multiply the number of missed heartbeats by a preset heartbeat weight to obtain a heartbeat evaluation parameter.

[0141] Step S124 : multiply the communication delay by a preset delay weight to obtain a delay evaluation parameter.

[0142] Step S125 , adding the optical power evaluation parameter, the heartbeat evaluation parameter, and the delay evaluation parameter to obtain a communication link evaluation parameter; and determining whether the communication link evaluation parameter is greater than a preset fault threshold.

[0143] Step S126: If yes, determine that the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

[0144] The communication link evaluation parameter D can be calculated by referring to the following formula:

[0145] D=α·P+β·E+γ·T

[0146] Among them, α is the preset optical power weight, P is the normalized optical power deviation; β is the preset heartbeat weight, E is the number of heartbeat missing times; γ is the preset delay weight, T is the communication delay.

[0147] Specifically, physical layer monitoring mainly reads the optical power in real time through the DOM function of the SFP-DD unit in the first / second transceiver module, sending 802.11ax detection frames (center frequency band 5.8GHz±100MHz) every 30 seconds, with -23dBm to -3dBm as the normal range, and the part outside this range is used as the optical power deviation P.

[0148] The link layer monitors the communication between the target terminal and the 32-byte KeepAlive data packet every 200ms. If no corresponding feedback is received after sending, the number of heartbeat missing times E plus 1 is recorded.

[0149] The BFD fast detection protocol at the network layer is a well-known algorithm and is not described in detail here.

[0150] In step S13 , the first transceiver module forwards the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enters a sleep mode.

[0151] Specifically, the sleep mode means that each internal structural unit of the first transceiver module performs a power-off operation to reduce power consumption.

[0152] Step S14: before receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module monitors the physical layer signal.

[0153] Step S15: After receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module updates the routing table and broadcasts it.

[0154] In step S16, the second transceiver module obtains the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicates with the target terminal according to the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and executes the node detection step.

[0155] The above embodiment provides a transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules. First, two transceiver modules are set in the transmission tower terminal. When the first transceiver module is working, it is instructed to put the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into a shared memory so that the second transceiver module can read and use it. Secondly, no matter which of the two transceiver modules is working, it will perform physical layer monitoring, link layer heartbeat packet monitoring and network layer BFD protocol detection on the target terminal communicating with the transmission tower terminal where it is located. Based on the monitored optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times and the communication delay, it is judged whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty. If the fault occurs, If a fault occurs, the target terminal is deemed to have failed, and a switching instruction is sent to switch to the second transceiver module to work; it is worth noting that each transmission tower terminal is detected for faults by the transmission tower terminal communicating with it according to the parameter indicators (optical power deviation, number of heartbeat loss and communication delay) during the communication process. This not only reduces the operation of terminal self-test and fault information broadcasting, but also enables the transmission tower terminal communicating with it to detect the terminal in time when a serious fault occurs, and notify it to switch to the backup (second) transceiver module, or change the relay node in time to ensure stable data transmission of the transmission tower network.

[0156] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0157] Step S01: Obtain a routing table of a target terminal; and determine the geographic coordinates of the target terminal according to the routing table.

[0158] Step S02: Acquire weather data and terrain data between the target terminal and the target terminal according to the geographic coordinates.

[0159] Step S03: determining a preset optical power weight, a preset heartbeat weight, and a preset delay weight according to weather data and terrain data.

[0160] Among them, weather data includes visibility, precipitation intensity and wind speed; terrain data includes altitude difference and obstacle density.

[0161] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, the above-mentioned determination of the preset optical power weight, the preset heartbeat weight, and the preset delay weight based on the weather data and the terrain data includes:

[0162] Step S031 , normalizing visibility, precipitation intensity, wind speed, altitude difference, and obstacle density.

[0163] Step S032: Calculate the meteorological comprehensive impact coefficient based on the normalized visibility, precipitation intensity, and wind speed.

[0164] Step S033: Calculate the terrain comprehensive influence coefficient based on the normalized altitude difference and obstacle density.

[0165] Step S034: obtaining a preset optical power weight, a preset heartbeat weight, and a preset delay weight based on the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient and the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient.

[0166] In some embodiments, after receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module updates the routing table and broadcasts it, including:

[0167] Step S151: Update the ring status information in the routing table from the primary ring status to the backup ring status.

[0168] Step S152: Update the MAC address, signal strength matrix, channel occupancy rate, and timestamp in the routing table.

[0169] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0170] Step S21, when it is determined that the communication link with the target terminal fails, obtaining loop status information of the routing table of the target terminal;

[0171] Step S22: If the loop state information is a primary loop state, a switching instruction is sent to the first transceiver module of the target terminal;

[0172] Step S23: If the loop state information indicates a standby state, a power adjustment instruction is sent to the second transceiver module of the target terminal.

[0173] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0174] Step S31: The second transceiver module calculates a real-time bit error rate after receiving a power adjustment instruction.

[0175] Step S32: adjusting the transmission power according to the real-time bit error rate.

[0176] Step S33: Send power adjustment information to the transmission tower terminal corresponding to the switching instruction.

[0177] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0178] Step S41: After receiving the power adjustment information, it is determined again whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

[0179] Step S42: If yes, then re-determine the optimal relay path based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

[0180] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0181] Step S51 : obtaining an optical power deviation sequence, a heartbeat missing number sequence, and a communication delay sequence of a target terminal whose loop status information is in a standby state, and inputting them into a fault prediction model to obtain a terminal fault prediction probability.

[0182] Step S52: determine whether the terminal failure prediction probability is greater than a preset disconnection threshold.

[0183] Step S53: If yes, then re-determine the optimal relay path according to the received routing tables and Dijkstra algorithm.

[0184] For the specific limitations of the transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules provided in this embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment of a transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules, which will not be repeated here.

[0185] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0186] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules, comprising multiple transmission tower terminals, characterized in that: The transmission tower terminal includes a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module; The first transceiver module is used to store the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into the shared memory and perform the node detection step; The node detection step includes: obtaining an optical power deviation of a target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining a number of heartbeat missing times of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting a communication delay with the target terminal based on a network layer BFD protocol; determining whether a communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing times, and the communication delay; and if so, sending a switching instruction to a first transceiver module of the target terminal; The first transceiver module is further configured to forward the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enter a sleep mode; The second transceiver module is used to monitor the physical layer signal before receiving the switching instruction; after receiving the switching instruction, update the routing table and broadcast it; obtain the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicate with the target terminal based on the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and execute the node detection step.

2. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first transceiver module is specifically configured to normalize the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat misses, and the communication delay; multiply the optical power deviation by a preset optical power weight to obtain an optical power evaluation parameter; Multiply the number of missed heartbeats by the preset heartbeat weight to obtain the heartbeat evaluation parameter; Multiply the communication delay by the preset delay weight to obtain the delay evaluation parameter; Add the optical power evaluation parameter, the heartbeat evaluation parameter and the delay evaluation parameter to obtain a communication link evaluation parameter; determine whether the communication link evaluation parameter is greater than a preset fault threshold; if so, determine that the communication link with the target terminal is faulty.

3. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission tower terminal further includes a weight evaluation module for obtaining a routing table of the target terminal; determining the geographic coordinates of the target terminal based on the routing table; and obtaining weather data and terrain data between the target terminal and the geographic coordinates. A preset optical power weight, a preset heartbeat weight, and a preset delay weight are determined according to the weather data and the terrain data.

4. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The weather data includes visibility, precipitation intensity, and wind speed; the terrain data includes altitude difference and obstacle density; the weight evaluation module is specifically used to normalize the visibility, precipitation intensity, wind speed, altitude difference, and obstacle density; calculate the meteorological comprehensive influence coefficient based on the normalized visibility, precipitation intensity, and wind speed; and calculate the terrain comprehensive influence coefficient based on the normalized altitude difference and obstacle density; The preset optical power weight, the preset heartbeat weight, and the preset delay weight are obtained based on the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient and the comprehensive terrain influence coefficient.

5. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second transceiver module is specifically used to update the loop status information in the routing table from the primary ring state to the standby ring state; and update the MAC address, signal strength matrix, channel occupancy rate and timestamp in the routing table.

6. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first transceiver module is also used to obtain the loop status information of the routing table of the target terminal when it is determined that the communication link with the target terminal fails; if the loop status information is a primary ring state, a switching instruction is sent to the first transceiver module of the target terminal; if the loop status information is a standby ring state, a power adjustment instruction is sent to the second transceiver module of the target terminal.

7. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second transceiver module is further configured to calculate a real-time bit error rate after receiving a power adjustment instruction; adjust the transmission power according to the real-time bit error rate; and send power adjustment information to a transmission tower terminal corresponding to the switching instruction.

8. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The first transceiver module is further configured to, after receiving the power adjustment information, determine again whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty; if so, redetermine the optimal relay path based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

9. The transmission tower communication self-healing system based on dual transceiver modules according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission tower terminal also includes a fault prediction module for obtaining an optical power deviation sequence, a heartbeat missing number sequence, and a communication delay sequence of a target terminal whose loop status information is a standby ring state; inputting the optical power deviation sequence, the heartbeat missing number sequence, and the communication delay sequence into a fault prediction model to obtain a terminal failure prediction probability; and if the terminal failure prediction probability is greater than a preset disconnection threshold, re-determining the optimal relay path based on the received routing tables and the Dijkstra algorithm.

10. A transmission tower communication self-healing method based on dual transceiver modules, characterized in that: Applicable to a transmission tower terminal; the transmission tower terminal includes a first transceiver module and a second transceiver module, including: The first transceiver module stores the communication transceiver data with the target terminal into a shared memory; The first transceiver module performs a node detection step; the node detection step includes: obtaining an optical power deviation of the target terminal based on physical layer monitoring; obtaining the number of heartbeat missing of the target terminal based on link layer heartbeat packet monitoring; detecting the communication delay with the target terminal based on the network layer BFD protocol; determining whether the communication link with the target terminal is faulty based on the optical power deviation, the number of heartbeat missing and the communication delay; and if so, sending a switching instruction to the first transceiver module of the target terminal; The first transceiver module forwards the received switching instruction to the second transceiver module and enters a sleep mode; The second transceiver module monitors the physical layer signal before receiving the switching instruction; After receiving the switching instruction, the second transceiver module updates the routing table and broadcasts it; The second transceiver module obtains the communication transceiver data in the shared memory; communicates with the target terminal according to the monitored physical layer signal and the obtained communication transceiver data, and executes the node detection step.

Images