Secondary battery fire suppression agent, secondary battery fire suppression member, and secondary battery

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a fire suppression agent, a fire suppression member, and a secondary battery including the fire suppression agent, the fire suppression agent including: one or more first substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; and a second substance that is mixed with the first substance and adheres to the first substance, in which the first substance decomposes and is capable of making the combustible organic compound incombustible when reaching a decomposition initiation temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a secondary battery fire suppressant, a secondary battery fire suppressant component, and a secondary battery, and more particularly to a secondary battery fire suppressant, a secondary battery fire suppressant component, and a secondary battery capable of effectively suppressing fire of the secondary battery. Background Art

[0002] Secondary batteries with high energy density may be easily affected by shocks.

[0003] Since secondary batteries can instantly release accumulated high energy due to internal defects or external impacts, causing thermal runaway and fire in a short period of time, it is extremely difficult to handle accidents.

[0004] When a secondary battery catches fire, the usual approach is to try to extinguish it.

[0005] Lithium in secondary batteries liquefies at a melting point of 108.5°C and rapidly vaporizes above 500°C. Thermal runaway in secondary batteries produces a white gas primarily composed of vaporized lithium. As the lithium vaporizes, the pressure inside the battery cell rises, and the battery cell completely vaporizes at 1337°C. If the battery cell ruptures due to the increased pressure, the lithium gas rapidly reacts with oxygen, generating flames and heat, triggering thermal runaway.

[0006] Therefore, as a method for dealing with secondary battery fires, the conventional method of relying on fire extinguishing after the fire has occurred is not suitable. In other words, a new technology is needed that can prevent thermal runaway of secondary batteries in advance or quickly suppress fires even if thermal runaway occurs.

[0007]

Prior art literature

[0008] [Patent Literature]

[0009] (Patent Document 0001) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0125085 Summary of the Invention

[0010] Technical issues

[0011] In order to solve the technical problem to be solved by the present invention, an object thereof is to provide a fire suppressant capable of effectively suppressing fire of a secondary battery and a fire suppression component including the fire suppressant.

[0012] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above. For other technical problems not mentioned, ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can clearly understand them through the following description.

[0013] Technical Solution

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a fire suppressant includes: one or more first substances having a decomposition starting temperature; and a second substance mixed with and bonded to the first substance, wherein the first substance decomposes and can render the combustible organic compound non-flammable if the decomposition starting temperature is reached.

[0015] The first substance may be a fire extinguishing substance, and the second substance may be an organic binder.

[0016] The fire extinguishing substance may include two or more fire extinguishing substances. The two or more fire extinguishing substances may have two or more decomposition starting temperatures and may render the combustible organic compound non-flammable by decomposing in stages.

[0017] The first substance may include one or more of carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides, and phosphates.

[0018] The carbonate may include one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0019] The chloride salt may include one or more of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium chloride (KCl), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and sodium chloride (NaCl).

[0020] The hydroxide salt may include one or more of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2).

[0021] The phosphate includes one or more of ammonium phosphate ((NH4)3PO4), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), and potassium phosphate (K3PO4).

[0022] The fire suppressant may be prepared in one or more states of paste, liquid, and gas.

[0023] The second substance may include one or more of an organic binder and an elastomer.

[0024] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a fire suppression component capable of rendering a combustible organic compound non-flammable includes: a pair of fiber components; one or more fire extinguishing substances disposed between the pair of fiber components and having a decomposition starting temperature, which decomposes and renders the combustible organic compound non-flammable upon reaching the decomposition starting temperature; and a fire suppressant comprising an organic binder mixed with the fire extinguishing substances.

[0025] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a secondary battery includes: one or more fire extinguishing substances having a decomposition starting temperature; and an organic binder mixed with the fire extinguishing substances, wherein the fire extinguishing substances may include: a fire suppressant that decomposes and can render a combustible organic compound non-flammable if the decomposition starting temperature is reached.

[0026] Technical Effects

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a fire suppressant capable of effectively suppressing fire in a secondary battery, a fire suppressant component, and a secondary battery including the fire suppressant and the fire suppressant component can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) experimental graph of carbon monoxide and acetylene gases generated by a secondary battery cell during thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a photograph showing a paste of a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a photograph showing a secondary battery fire suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of using a secondary battery fire suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Description of Reference Numerals

[0034] 10: Battery pack 11: Secondary battery

[0035] 20: Battery pack cover 100: Secondary battery fire suppressant

[0036] 110: Fire extinguishing substances 120: Organic adhesives

[0037] 210, 220: Fiber components 300: Heating wire

[0038] 400: Switch 500: Temperature sensor

[0039] 1000: Secondary battery fire suppression components DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In addition, in order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted in the drawings, and similar parts are given similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0042] When describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the main purpose of the present invention, such detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the terms described below are defined based on their functions within the present invention and may vary depending on the intentions of users and operators, or on customary practices. Therefore, their definitions should be determined based on the overall content of this specification.

[0043] The technical concept of the present invention is determined by the claims, and the following embodiments are merely a means for effectively explaining the technical concept of the present invention to persons having general knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0044] The terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular expressions include plural expressions. In this specification, terms such as "including" or "having" should be understood as being used to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, rather than excluding in advance the presence or additional possibility of one or more other features or numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or combinations thereof.

[0045] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is an example of schematically illustrating a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, secondary battery fire suppressant 100 is used to suppress secondary battery fires and may include a first substance and a second substance. The first substance is a substance with a decomposition starting temperature and fire extinguishing properties. When describing embodiments of the present invention below, it may be referred to as a fire extinguishing agent, a fire extinguishing substance, or a fire extinguishing powder. Furthermore, the second substance is a substance that mixes with the first substance and binds the first substance. When describing embodiments of the present invention below, it may be referred to as an organic binder 120.

[0048] A secondary battery fire suppressant 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a fire extinguishing substance 110 and an organic binder 120. The fire extinguishing substance 100 refers to a composition having fire extinguishing properties that can function in a liquid, gaseous, solid, powdered, or other state. Hereinafter, it may be referred to as the fire extinguishing substance 100 or the fire extinguishing powder 100, but this is merely for the purpose of illustrating representative embodiments and should not be construed as being limited to a particular state or form.

[0049] The fire extinguishing substance 110 may be a substance in which carbonate ions are combined with monovalent or divalent cations. The carbonate ions may cause suffocation against fire by blocking contact with oxygen and may be reactive with lithium.

[0050] The fire extinguishing substance 110 may be an inorganic salt, for example, an inorganic salt powder. In addition, the inorganic salt preparation may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ammonium substances with strong oxygen free radical absorption ability in the periodic table.

[0051] The alkali metal series may include one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3).

[0052] In addition, the alkaline earth metals may include one or more of magnesium bicarbonate (Mg(HCO3)2), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2).

[0053] In addition, the ammonium substance may include one or more of ammonium carbonate ((NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 ) and ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 HCO 3 ).

[0054] Specifically, the fire extinguishing substance 110 may be an inorganic carbonate.

[0055] When carbonate is decomposed by heat, reactive decomposition gas and cationic metal ions are automatically ejected.

[0056] When a secondary battery is damaged by internal or external factors such as separator damage or external pressure, the resulting short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes increases resistance. This resistance heat is accompanied by the thermal decomposition of the electrolyte and a violent exothermic reaction that produces flammable and toxic gases, causing a sharp increase in the battery's temperature and internal pressure, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0057]

Table 1

[0058] Pressure (air pressure) 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 Temperature (℃) 524 612 722 871 1064 1337

[0059] If the carbonate contained in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention (eg, carbonate contained in a lithium battery) is exposed to such heat, it may react and decompose as shown in the following reaction formula.

[0060] Although this phenomenon is also affected by organic matter inside the battery cell, the most important factor is that lithium ions generate lithium metal by gaining electrons and are vaporized themselves, or form lithium nitride by combining with nitrogen in the air, as shown in [Chemical Formula 1] and [Chemical Formula 2] below.

[0061] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0062] Li + +e - →Li

[0063] [Chemical Formula 2]

[0064] 6Li+N2→2Li3N

[0065] Then, as shown in the following [Chemical Formula 3] to [Chemical Formula 5], lithium or lithium nitride reacts violently with water vapor or oxygen to generate strong heat and burn to form lithium peroxide or lithium oxide.

[0066] [Chemical Formula 3]

[0067] 4Li+O2→2Li2O

[0068] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0069] 4Li+2H2O+O2→4LiOH

[0070] [Chemical Formula 5]

[0071] 2Li+H2O→Li2O+H2

[0072] Furthermore, in such a high temperature environment, the carbonate according to the embodiment of the present invention decomposes to generate reactive decomposition gas and cationic metal ions.

[0073] The generated reactive decomposition gas can render the combustible gas (lithium gas) emitted from the secondary battery non-flammable. The reactive decomposition gas emitted by the thermal decomposition of the carbonate can be carbon dioxide (CO2).

[0074] In addition, cationic metal ions can absorb free radicals generated by electric sparks or flames to block chain reactions.

[0075] As shown in the following chemical formulas 6 and 7, if a secondary battery catches fire, the carbonate is decomposed by the generated heat to release carbon dioxide. The vaporized lithium then reacts with carbon dioxide and oxygen to convert into carbonate, becoming non-flammable.

[0076] As described above, if carbonate releases carbon dioxide while decomposing and blocks contact with oxygen due to the asphyxiation effect of carbon dioxide, combustion caused by a secondary battery fire can be effectively mitigated or extinguished.

[0077] [Chemical Formula 6]

[0078] 4Li+2CO2+O2→2Li2CO3

[0079] [Chemical Formula 7]

[0080] 2Li+2CO2+H2O+1 / 2O2→2LiHCO3

[0081] Furthermore, when the temperature and internal pressure of a secondary battery rise rapidly due to various factors, radical ions may be generated due to sparks generated inside the secondary battery, causing the secondary battery to catch fire.

[0082] When the carbonate contained in the fire extinguishing substance 110 according to the embodiment of the present invention is decomposed by heat, cationic metal ions (eg, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal) may be generated.

[0083] The free radical ions can be absorbed by cationic metal ions. This can suppress the generation of sparks in the secondary battery and prevent the secondary battery from igniting. In other words, this secondary catalytic effect can suppress the chain reaction of secondary battery combustion. Therefore, fires in secondary batteries containing the secondary battery fire suppressant according to embodiments of the present invention can be prevented, and the spread of any fire that has already occurred can be suppressed.

[0084] The carbonates that can be included in the fire extinguishing material 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), magnesium bicarbonate (Mg(HCO3)2), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3). As shown in Table 2 below, depending on the decomposition starting temperature of each carbonate, the fire extinguishing material 110 can include a single carbonate or a combination of two or more carbonates.

[0085]

Table 2

[0086]

[0087] The decomposition starting temperature may be the temperature at which the carbonate begins to decompose. As described in Table 2, each carbonate may have a unique decomposition starting temperature. A carbonate may be selected and included in the secondary battery fire suppressant based on user needs (e.g., the temperature at which the desired carbonate decomposes to exhibit a fire suppression function, reactivity with organic substances that can be included in the secondary battery, or weight adjustment based on molecular weight differences).

[0088] In addition, as shown in Table 3 below, two or more carbonates can be compounded and included in the secondary battery fire suppressant. This compounding is used to achieve phased fire suppression, which has the effect of further ensuring the fire suppression effect. Among them, since carbonates begin to decompose at the decomposition starting temperature of the carbonate decomposition recorded in Table 2 to achieve the fire suppression function, the secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention can contain more than 50% of carbonates having a decomposition starting temperature closest to the risk temperature of fire occurrence. In addition, it can also contain more than 50% of carbonates having a decomposition starting temperature equal to or lower than the risk temperature and closest to the risk temperature of fire occurrence.

[0089]

Table 3

[0090] Decomposition starting temperature 60℃ 100℃ 150℃ ammonium carbonate 55% by weight 10% by weight potassium bicarbonate 20% by weight 60% by weight 10% by weight magnesium carbonate 5% by weight 10% by weight 70% by weight

[0091] Among them, in order to suppress fire, the decomposition starting temperature at which the carbonate begins to decompose can be selected based on. This selection may depend on the settings of the manufacturer of the lithium-ion secondary battery or the manufacturer of the product equipped with the lithium-ion secondary battery. Depending on the production environment and use environment of the secondary battery demander, the temperature judged as the risk temperature may be different. For example, it may be judged that the lithium-ion secondary battery has a fire risk when it is above 60°C, or that a fire has already occurred. Because depending on the situation, it may be judged that the secondary battery has a fire risk or that a fire has already occurred when it is above 100°C. Therefore, a specific temperature range considering the operating temperature range of the secondary battery is judged as a risk temperature range, and it is made to include carbonates with a decomposition starting temperature within the risk temperature range, or further select and compound carbonates with a decomposition starting temperature lower than or higher than the risk temperature even if the decomposition starting temperature is not included in the risk temperature range.

[0092] For example, as described in Table 3, when the user determines the risk temperature range to be above 60°C, the carbonate may comprise 55% by weight of ammonium carbonate, 20% by weight of potassium bicarbonate, and 5% by weight of magnesium carbonate. Carbonates can be formed by compounding them. In this case, the ammonium carbonate, which accounts for the largest weight percent, will first decompose at a risk temperature of 60°C, enabling the first fire extinguishing step. However, if the first fire extinguishing action fails to extinguish the fire and the temperature further rises to 100-120°C, the potassium bicarbonate, which accounts for the second largest weight percent, will decompose, enabling the second fire extinguishing step. Even so, if the temperature still rises further to the decomposition starting temperature of magnesium carbonate, a third fire extinguishing step based on magnesium carbonate can be performed. In other words, if the temperature rises, the fire extinguishing step can be performed in stages.

[0093] If the carbonate consists only of substances with a decomposition starting temperature within the risk temperature range, all substances will decompose at that decomposition starting temperature, and the fire extinguishing process will begin. However, if the fire is not completely extinguished during this fire extinguishing process, the subsequent rapid rise in fire temperature cannot be prevented, and the onset of thermal runaway cannot be delayed. This will result in no time for the vehicle driver to evacuate the vehicle.

[0094] However, as in the embodiments of the present invention, by compounding two or more carbonates, ensuring that the carbonate decomposition starting temperature is not within the risk temperature range, and by implementing a staged fire extinguishing process by compounding carbonates with decomposition starting temperatures equal to or below the lower limit of the risk temperature range, it is possible to prevent a sharp rise in fire temperature, thereby delaying the onset of thermal runaway. This also has the effect of providing the vehicle driver with time to evacuate the vehicle.

[0095] Secondary batteries contain a variety of organic compounds as positive and negative electrodes, as well as an electrolyte. Thermal runaway (i.e., high-temperature flammable gases ejected from the cells within the secondary battery and combined with oxygen inside and outside the battery pack, causing electrical shorts or ignition due to high temperatures) and the generation of flames are a characteristic phenomenon of secondary battery fires. This process can produce toxic substances.

[0096] Table 4 below is an example of main gases generated when a secondary battery undergoes thermal runaway.

[0097]

Table 4

[0098] flammable gas Volume content (%) Hydrogen 30.6％ Carbon Dioxide 29.9％ Carbon Monoxide 21.3％ Methane 7.2％ Ethylene 5.6％ Propane or Propylene 2.0％ Ethane 1.8％ Other 1.6％

[0099] Figure 2 This is a graph for explaining gas generated during thermal runaway and fire in a secondary battery including a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] Fire suppressants can be included in secondary batteries in various forms. Figure 2 The following are Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) experimental curves for hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen fluoride gas generated during thermal runaway and fire of secondary batteries when components impregnated with a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention ("CO ppm component" and "C2H6ppm component") are attached and when no components are attached ("CO ppm" and "C2H6ppm").

[0101] like Figure 2 As shown, it can be confirmed that a secondary battery including the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 can effectively suppress carbon monoxide (CO) and acetylene (C2H6), which are combustible gases generated during a secondary battery fire, compared to a case where a component impregnated with the suppressant is not attached. Thus, the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can effectively suppress thermal runaway of a secondary battery and even neutralize a fire caused by thermal runaway of the secondary battery during a fire.

[0102] This neutralization can be explained by adsorption and conversion reactions. That is, the secondary battery fire suppressant can be obtained by combining one (1) or two (2) or more anions selected from carbonate ions, chloride ions, hydroxide ions, and phosphate ions that react with adsorption and conversion reactions to fires generated during thermal runaway of the secondary battery, and one (1) or two (2) or more cations selected from monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations.

[0103] The secondary battery fire inhibitor according to one embodiment of the present invention can be prepared in one (1) or two (2) or more states among a paste, a liquid, and a gas. The secondary battery fire inhibitor thus prepared can be located in a separately divided area inside the secondary battery. In addition, the secondary battery fire inhibitor can be located inside the secondary battery in a state of being impregnated in a sheet or the like, rather than in a separately divided area. In this case, the sheet impregnated with the secondary battery fire inhibitor can be located on the outer surface, the inner surface, or the inner surface as an intermediate layer of the bag forming each unit of the secondary battery, and can be contained not only on the entire surface of the bag but also on a portion of the bag surface.

[0104] In addition, the sheet impregnated with the secondary battery fire suppressant may be coated or attached to the inner surface of a battery pack case housing the secondary battery, or may be sprayed inside or outside the battery pack.

[0105] If the secondary battery fire suppressant is thermally decomposed by thermal runaway of the secondary battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, reactive decomposition gas and cationic metal ions are generated and ejected.

[0106] The reactive decomposition gas ejected can render the toxic gas ejected from the secondary battery non-toxic. The reactive decomposition gas ejected by thermal decomposition of the secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is configured to contain one (1) or two (2) or more of carbonate, chloride, hydroxide, or phosphate, can be obtained by compounding one (1) or two (2) or more of carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorine, hydroxyl radicals, and phosphoric acid gas.

[0107] Furthermore, cationic metal ions can block the chain reaction caused by combustion reactions by absorbing free radicals generated by electrical sparks or flames, thereby suppressing the occurrence of chain fires.

[0108] The carbonate contained in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to one embodiment of the present invention can be a secondary battery fire suppressant containing one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0109] The chloride salt that can be included in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to one embodiment of the present invention can be a fire suppressant obtained by containing one (1) or two (2) or more of the following: compounded ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium chloride (KCl), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and sodium chloride (NaCl).

[0110] The hydroxide salt that can be included in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to one embodiment of the present invention can be a fire suppressant obtained by containing one (1) or two or more (2) of compounded sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2).

[0111] The phosphate that can be included in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to one embodiment of the present invention can be a fire suppressant obtained by including one (1) or two or more (2) of compound ammonium phosphate ((NH4)3PO4), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), and potassium phosphate (K3PO4).

[0112] The compounding examples of carbonate materials in the secondary battery fire suppressant can be implemented as shown in Table 5 below.

[0113]

Table 5

[0114] flammable gas CO <![CDATA[C2H 23 ]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> sodium carbonate 55% by weight 10% by weight 10% by weight potassium bicarbonate 20% by weight 60% by weight 10% by weight magnesium carbonate 5% by weight 10% by weight 70% by weight

[0115] The compounding example of the chloride salt substance in the secondary battery fire suppressant can be implemented as shown in Table 6 below.

[0116]

Table 6

[0117] flammable gas CO <![CDATA[C2H 23 ]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> Ammonium chloride 30% by weight 20% by weight 20% by weight potassium chloride 20% by weight 40% by weight 30% by weight Aluminum chloride 10% by weight 10% by weight 20% by weight

[0118] The compounding example of the hydroxide salt in the secondary battery fire suppressant can be implemented in the same manner as shown in Table 7.

[0119]

Table 7

[0120] flammable gas CO <![CDATA[C2H 23 ]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> Sodium hydroxide 40% by weight 40% by weight 30% by weight calcium hydroxide 20% by weight 20% by weight 20% by weight magnesium hydroxide 10% by weight 10% by weight 20% by weight

[0121] The compounding example of the phosphate substance in the secondary battery fire suppressant can be implemented as shown in Table 8.

[0122]

Table 8

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Among them, considering the combustible gas, the carbonate contained in the secondary battery fire suppressant according to the embodiment of the present invention can be selected. The manufacturer or user of the secondary battery can select the carbonate in consideration of the use environment (operating temperature, etc.) of the secondary battery containing the secondary battery fire suppressant according to the embodiment of the present invention or the type of gas judged to be a dangerous combustible gas.

[0126] Specifically, depending on the usage or operating environment of a secondary battery, the combustible gas identified as a gas that could potentially cause a dangerous fire may vary. For example, CO may be identified as a gas that could potentially cause a dangerous fire in a secondary battery. In this case, a portion of the carbonates may be appropriately selected for use alone or in combination, depending on the combustible gas that could potentially cause a dangerous fire.

[0127] For example, in the case where the combustible gas that may cause a dangerous fire is carbon monoxide (CO), 55% by weight of sodium carbonate, 20% by weight of sodium bicarbonate, and 5% by weight of magnesium carbonate may be included. Carbonates can be formed by compounding them. In addition, 30% by weight of ammonium chloride, 20% by weight of potassium chloride, and 10% by weight of aluminum chloride may be included. Chlorides can be formed by compounding them. In addition, 40% by weight of sodium hydroxide, 20% by weight of calcium hydroxide, and 10% by weight of magnesium hydroxide may be included. Hydroxide powder can be formed by compounding them. In addition, 20% by weight of ammonium phosphate, 20% by weight of potassium phosphate, 10% by weight of calcium phosphate, and 10% by weight of magnesium phosphate may be included. Phosphates can be formed by compounding them. In addition, one or more of the carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides, or phosphates may be compounded.

[0128] Additionally, the organic binder 120 may be mixed 121 with the carbonate.

[0129] Furthermore, the organic binder 120 may include one or more of an organic binder and an elastomer.

[0130] Figure 3 This is a photograph showing a paste of a secondary battery fire suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] like Figure 3 As shown, the secondary battery fire suppressant may be mixed with an organic binder 120 including one or more of an organic binder and a rubber binder to form a paste.

[0132] As a specific example, Figure 3 The secondary battery fire suppressant is a mixture of 80 wt % of carbonate and 20 wt % of soft polyurethane as an organic binder 120 .

[0133] Thus, the paste-like secondary battery fire suppressant can be applied or coated on the housing of the secondary battery (refer to Figure 5 , corresponding to the inner surface of the battery pack cover 20).

[0134] When a fire occurs in the secondary battery and the temperature rises to a temperature range determined to be a risk temperature, each carbonate may decompose in sequence according to the decomposition starting temperature and emit carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions.

[0135] This suffocates the flammable gases generated by the secondary battery through the suffocating effect of carbon dioxide, preventing them from coming into contact with oxygen. Furthermore, it converts lithium, which could potentially cause a fire, into lithium carbonate, rendering it non-flammable. Furthermore, it absorbs free radicals generated by sparks, thereby suppressing the spread of fire.

[0136] The secondary battery fire suppressant may also be provided in the form of a pad having elasticity.

[0137] In the case where a plurality of secondary batteries are provided, the secondary battery fire suppressant gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention provided in a pad form may be provided between at least one of the plurality of secondary batteries.

[0138] If a secondary battery fire occurs and generates heat reaching a temperature range deemed hazardous, the carbonates in the secondary battery fire suppressant gasket will decompose sequentially based on the decomposition starting temperature, releasing carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions. This can suppress the spread of the fire or extinguish it.

[0139] In addition, if necessary, the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 may further contain solid powder.

[0140] Figure 4 is a photograph showing a secondary battery fire suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a secondary battery fire suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0141] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may include a pair of fiber components 210 and 220 and a secondary battery fire suppression component 100 .

[0142] The pair of fiber members 210 and 220 may be non-flammable fiber members, and the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 may be provided between the pair of fiber members 210 and 220 .

[0143] In this embodiment, the secondary battery fire suppressant 1000 can be formed by first applying the paste of the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 to any one of the fiber members 220 and then covering it with another fiber member 210. To apply the paste of the secondary battery fire suppressant 100, a coater can be used.

[0144] Alternatively, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may be formed by first molding the secondary battery fire suppression component 100 into a mat shape, and then attaching the pair of fiber components 210 and 220 to both surfaces of the mat-shaped secondary battery fire suppression component gasket.

[0145] The secondary battery fire suppression member 1000 may be provided to cover at least a portion of the secondary battery. Figure 4 , the secondary battery fire suppression member 1000 may be provided to cover the battery pack 10 from the inner side of the battery pack cover 20 .

[0146] Since the secondary battery fire suppression member 1000 can be formed in a shape corresponding to the battery pack 10 , it can stably cover the entire battery pack 10 .

[0147] If a secondary battery fire occurs and the temperature rises to a temperature range determined to be a risky temperature, the carbonate in the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 can decompose in sequence according to the decomposition starting temperature, releasing carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions. This can suppress the spread of the fire or extinguish it.

[0148] like Figure 5 As shown, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may also include a pair of fiber components 210 and 220 , a secondary battery fire suppressant 100 , a heating wire 300 , and a switch 400 .

[0149] The pair of fiber members 210, 220 and the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 can be Figure 4 and Figure 5 The same situation as described in .

[0150] The heating wire 300 may be disposed in either fiber member of the pair of fiber members 210 and 220 , and may be in direct contact with the secondary battery fire suppressant 100 . Furthermore, the heating wire 300 may be connected to the secondary battery 11 .

[0151] Furthermore, the switch 400 may be connected to the heating wire 3W. As an embodiment, the switch 400 may be connected to the heating wire 300 outside the fiber component 220 .

[0152] If the sensed temperature exceeds a preset allowable temperature, the switch 400 can apply current from the secondary battery 11 to the heating wire 300 disposed in the fiber member 220, thereby heating the heating wire 300. The heating wire 300 can perform Joule heating. The allowable temperature can be a risk temperature required by the user.

[0153] Therefore, if a fire occurs and the temperature exceeds the risk temperature, the current of the secondary battery 11 may be applied to the heating wire 300, thereby heating the heating wire 300. In addition, the carbonate may be decomposed by the heat of the heating wire 300.

[0154] At this time, the heating wire 300 can be heated to correspond to the lowest decomposition starting temperature of the powder contained in the fire extinguishing substance, thereby allowing the powder with the lowest decomposition starting temperature to be decomposed first. If the fire is not extinguished by the first fire extinguishing step, the temperature may rise, and then a second fire extinguishing step or a third fire extinguishing step may be performed.

[0155] The switch 400 can be configured to set the allowable temperature according to the risk temperature requested by the user. This allows the fire extinguishing process start temperature of the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 to be easily and accurately set according to the various risk temperatures required by each user.

[0156] As an example, the switch 400 may be configured to include a bimetal material capable of performing an automatic switching operation according to temperature.

[0157] Furthermore, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may further include a temperature sensor unit 500 for sensing temperature. In this case, the switch 400 may be configured to perform a switching operation based on the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor unit 500.

[0158] Furthermore, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 is not limited to sensing temperature, and may also sense other factors. For example, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may also sense pressure.

[0159] In the case of taking pressure as a sensing object, the secondary battery fire suppression component 1000 may further include a pressure sensor unit (not shown).

[0160] The pressure sensor portion may sense the internal pressure of the secondary battery 11 .

[0161] If a fire occurs and the internal pressure of the secondary battery 11 increases and the sensed pressure exceeds a preset allowable pressure, the switch 400 may apply the current of the secondary battery 11 to the heating wire 300 disposed on the fiber member 220 , and the heating wire 300 may be heated.

[0162] The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only. Personnel with general knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs will understand that, without changing the technical concept or essential features of the present invention, it can be easily transformed into other specific forms. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described in a single form can also be implemented in a dispersed manner. Similarly, the components described in a dispersed manner can also be implemented in a combined form.

[0163] The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, and should be interpreted as including within the meaning and scope of the claims and all changes or modifications derived from equivalent concepts thereof.

Claims

1. A fire suppressant comprising: One or more first substances having a decomposition onset temperature; as well as a second substance, mixed with and binding the first substance; Wherein, if the first substance reaches the decomposition starting temperature, it will decompose and can make the combustible organic compound non-flammable.

2. The fire suppressant according to claim 1, wherein: The first substance is a fire extinguishing substance, The second substance is an organic binder.

3. The fire suppressant according to claim 2, wherein: The fire extinguishing substance includes two or more fire extinguishing substances. The two or more fire extinguishing substances have two or more decomposition starting temperatures and render the combustible organic compound non-flammable by decomposing in stages.

4. The fire suppressant according to claim 1, wherein: The first substance includes one or more of carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides, and phosphates, and can render combustible organic compounds non-combustible.

5. The fire suppressant according to claim 4, wherein: The carbonate includes one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium bicarbonate, and can make combustible organic compounds non-combustible.

6. The fire suppressant according to claim 4, wherein: The chloride salt includes one or more of ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, and sodium chloride, and can make the combustible organic compound non-combustible.

7. The fire suppressant according to claim 4, wherein: The hydroxide salt includes one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide, and can make the combustible organic compound non-flammable.

8. The fire suppressant according to claim 4, wherein: The phosphate includes one or more of ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, and potassium phosphate, and can make combustible organic compounds non-flammable.

9. The fire suppressant according to claim 2, wherein: The fire suppressant is prepared in one or more states of paste, liquid, and gas.

10. The fire suppressant according to claim 1, wherein: The second substance includes one or more of an organic binder and an elastomer, and can render the combustible organic compound non-flammable.

11. A fire suppression component capable of rendering a combustible organic compound non-combustible, comprising: a pair of fiber components; one or more fire extinguishing substances disposed between the pair of fiber members and having a decomposition starting temperature, which decomposes and renders the combustible organic compound non-combustible upon reaching the decomposition starting temperature; as well as A fire suppressant comprising an organic binder mixed with the fire extinguishing substance.

12. A secondary battery comprising: One or more fire extinguishing substances with a decomposition starting temperature; as well as An organic binder, mixed with the fire extinguishing substance, Wherein, the fire extinguishing substance includes: Fire suppressants, if the decomposition initiation temperature is reached, decompose and are able to render combustible organic compounds non-flammable.

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