Multi-stage selection equipment for aquatic organisms

Abstract

The invention discloses multi-stage selection equipment for aquatic organisms, and relates to the field of aquatic organism selection, the multi-stage selection equipment comprises a selection box and a partition plate arranged in the selection box, the partition plate is provided with a plurality of bottom mud uniform laying devices, and one side of each bottom mud uniform laying device is provided with a plurality of secondary dilution uniform laying devices; and a plurality of suction selecting devices are arranged at the top of the inner wall of the selecting box. According to the selection equipment, efficient, accurate and automatic screening and collection of the benthic large invertebrates are achieved through collaborative design of modules such as bottom mud uniform laying, secondary dilution, suction selection and automatic discharging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of aquatic organism selection, and in particular to a multi-stage selection device for aquatic organisms. Background Art

[0002] In order to effectively reflect the water environment conditions, benthic large invertebrates are the core biological groups that must be selected from water samples. Benthic large invertebrates are the most sensitive to the water environment. They have a small activity range and a long lifespan and can reflect long-term pollution.

[0003] Existing benthic macroinvertebrate collection equipment includes a frame and a bracket suspended on the frame by a cable. The lower end of the bracket is connected to a dredging bucket, and one end of the cable is connected to a motor for winding the cable. The dredging bucket is provided with a plurality of filter holes for filtering out seabed mud and sand. This automatic benthic organism collection device uses a cable to place the dredging bucket on the seabed surface, and controls the opening and closing of the dredging bucket by the bracket to dredge the seabed mud. The seabed mud in the collected seabed mud sample will flow out from the filter holes, while the benthic organisms will remain in the dredging bucket. The staff can directly collect the benthic organisms without having to perform the selection work, which greatly saves manpower and improves the sample collection efficiency.

[0004] Existing benthic macroinvertebrate collection equipment collects and selects benthic organisms by filtering, but it is difficult to accurately collect tiny benthic macroinvertebrates by filtering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-stage selection device for aquatic organisms, comprising a selection box, a partition provided in the selection box, a plurality of bottom mud spreading devices provided on the partition, a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices provided on one side of the bottom mud spreading device, a plurality of suction selection devices provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box, the bottom mud spreading device comprising a supporting box provided on the partition, a bottom mud feeding net provided at one end of the supporting box away from the secondary dilution spreading device, and a water flow spreading component provided on the outer wall of the supporting box and below the bottom mud feeding net; the secondary dilution spreading device comprises a rotating connection The partition comprises multiple secondary dilution boxes, a power component provided at the bottom of the partition and used to drive the multiple secondary dilution boxes to rotate, and a liquid adding component and a liquid draining component provided on the partition, the liquid adding component is used to add liquid to the secondary dilution box, and the liquid draining component is used to remove waste liquid from the secondary dilution box; the suction and selection device includes a movable positioning component provided at the top of the inner wall of the selection box, a T-shaped plate provided at the execution end of the movable positioning component, a suction component provided on the T-shaped plate and with the execution end extending to the lower part of the T-shaped plate, and two cameras penetrating the T-shaped plate and symmetrically distributed with the suction component as the axis.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sediment feed net comprises a plurality of N-shaped frames hingedly connected at one end to the outer wall of the carrier box, a water spray ring connected to the outer wall at the end of the N-shaped frames, and a sediment filter located at the bottom of the water spray ring. In this preferred embodiment, the sediment feed net provides a preliminary screening of the sediment to facilitate the removal of large impurities in the sediment.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution component includes a water pipe disposed on the outer wall of the carrier box and connected to the carrier box, multiple overflow holes disposed at an end of the carrier box remote from the water pipe, and a first drain pipe disposed on the partition. A filter is disposed within the overflow holes, which are connected to the first drain pipe via a pipe. In this preferred embodiment, the water distribution component ensures that the bottom mud is evenly distributed within the carrier box, facilitating the selection of aquatic organisms within the mud.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a water discharge component located at one end of the carrier box near the secondary dilution and paving device. The water discharge component includes a water discharge pipe with one end connected to the carrier box and the other end connected to the first drain pipe, an extension plate located on the outer wall of the carrier box, an L-shaped gate plate located on the extension plate and extending into the carrier box at one end, and a drive cylinder located at the bottom of the extension plate for driving the L-shaped gate plate to rise and fall. In this preferred embodiment, the water discharge component is used to discharge waste liquid from the carrier box.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power component includes a sliding frame slidably connected to the bottom of the partition, a cylinder disposed at the bottom of the partition for driving the movement of the sliding frame, multiple drive rings disposed on the sliding frame, a shaft having one end connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box and the other end rotatably connected to the partition and extending to the bottom of the partition, and a transmission rod having one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive ring. In this preferred embodiment, the power component enables the reciprocating rotation of the secondary dilution box to facilitate secondary dilution and dispersion of the material initially selected by the suction and selection device.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid adding component includes a liquid source pipe disposed on the partition, a liquid adding pipe having one end connected to the liquid source pipe and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box, and a first electrically controlled valve disposed on the liquid adding pipe. In this preferred embodiment, liquid is added via the liquid adding component.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drainage component includes a telescopic cylinder disposed at the bottom of the partition with its actuating end extending through the partition, a drainage pipe disposed at the actuating end of the telescopic cylinder, a suction pipe having one end connected to the drainage pipe and the other end extending into the secondary dilution box, and a second electrically controlled valve disposed on the suction pipe. In this preferred embodiment, waste liquid is discharged via the drainage component.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the movable positioning component includes two slide rails symmetrically arranged at the top of the inner wall of the selection box, a second linear module with two ends slidably connected to the two slide rails, a first linear module arranged at the top of the inner wall of the selection box and used to drive the second linear module, and a first electric cylinder arranged at the actuating end of the second linear module, the actuating end of the first electric cylinder being connected to the T-shaped plate. In this preferred embodiment, the movable positioning component achieves movement and positioning of the suction component and the camera.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the suction component includes a plunger tube mounted on the T-shaped plate, a suction tube connected to the bottom of the plunger tube at its top, an electromagnetic block, a magnetic block, a magnetic ring, and an elastic sheet arranged sequentially within the plunger tube from top to bottom, a micro-electric cylinder located at the top of the plunger tube and connected to the electromagnetic block at its actuating end, and a connecting rod with its top connected to the bottom of the magnetic block and its bottom extending through the magnetic ring and connected to the elastic sheet; the magnetic ring and elastic sheet are both fixed to the inner wall of the plunger tube, and the electromagnetic block and magnetic block are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube. In this preferred embodiment, the suction component achieves precise suction of the area to be selected.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a discharge device is further included, which is mounted on the partition and located on the side of the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device away from the bottom mud evenly spreading device. The discharge device includes a conveyor belt mounted on the partition and extending to the outside of the selection box at both ends, a loading platform mounted at one end of the conveyor belt, a loading pipe mounted on the top of the loading platform, a loading hole extending through the bottom of the loading pipe, a pneumatic cylinder mounted on the loading platform, and a pusher block mounted at the actuator end of the pneumatic cylinder and located within the loading hole. In this preferred embodiment, the discharge device ensures stable transportation of storage bottles for collecting selected aquatic organisms.

[0016] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: The selection equipment in this invention achieves efficient, accurate, and automated screening and collection of benthic macroinvertebrates through the collaborative design of modules such as sediment spreading, secondary dilution, suction selection, and automatic unloading. Its core advantages are reflected in four aspects: hierarchical processing, structural integration, intelligent control, and convenient operation. 1. Grading processing and accurate classification: The sediment spreading device pre-filters large organisms larger than three centimeters through the sediment filter to prevent clogging. The suction and selection device combines a camera with a magnetically driven suction component to accurately locate target organisms 2-30 mm. The secondary dilution and spreading device uses reciprocating rotation to flush and remove impurities for a second time to improve purity. 2. Structural integration and functional synergy: The bottom mud spreading device integrates water spray flushing, water flow spreading, and automatic water unloading functions: the water spray ring flushes the bottom mud, the overflow hole maintains the water level, and the L-shaped gate quickly discharges sewage to achieve continuous operation; The secondary dilution box is linked to the liquid addition and discharge components through the swing of the power component, dynamically stirring to disperse the biological sample, avoiding accumulation and improving the suction efficiency; The conveyor belt of the unloading device and the pneumatic bottle pushing structure are used for automated storage, reducing the risk of contamination from manual transfer; 3. Intelligent control and flexible adaptation The suction component is driven by electromagnetic-magnetic coupling. The magnetic strength is adjusted by current and the position of the electromagnetic block of the micro electric cylinder is adjusted to achieve stepless adjustment of the liquid suction volume to adapt to organisms of different sizes. The dual linear module plus electric cylinder design of the mobile positioning component achieves three-dimensional precise positioning. Combined with the camera's image analysis, it can intelligently identify targets and reduce the missed detection rate. 4. Easy operation and efficient maintenance: The bottom sediment filter is reversible to facilitate the cleaning of giant biological residues; waste liquid is recycled through drainage pipes and a negative pressure system, which is environmentally friendly and water-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of the selection equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall structure of the selection device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the structure of the bottom mud evenly spreading device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the suction and selection device structure of the present invention; Figure 5 An exploded view of the suction component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the secondary dilution and paving device structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an axonometric view of the unloading device structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the selection equipment of the present invention; Figure 9 It is an enlarged view of the structure at point A of the present invention.

[0018] Description of the drawings: 10, selection box; 11, partition; 20, bottom mud evenly spreading device; 21, carrying box; 22, bottom mud feeding net; 221, N-shaped frame; 222, water spray ring; 223, bottom mud leakage net; 23, water flow evenly spreading component; 231, water flow pipe; 232, overflow hole; 233, first drain pipe; 234, filter screen; 24, water unloading component; 241, water unloading pipe; 242, extension plate; 243, L-shaped gate; 244, drive cylinder; 30, secondary dilution evenly spreading device; 31, secondary dilution box; 32, power component; 321, sliding frame; 322, cylinder; 323, drive ring; 324, shaft; 325, transmission rod; 33, liquid adding component; 331, liquid source pipe; 332, liquid adding pipe; 33 3. First electric-controlled valve; 34. Discharge component; 341. Telescopic cylinder; 342. Discharge pipe; 343. Suction pipe; 344. Second electric-controlled valve; 40. Suction and selection device; 41. Movable positioning component; 411. Slide rail; 412. Second linear module; 413. First linear module; 414. First electric cylinder; 42. T-plate; 43. Suction component; 431. Plunger tube; 432. Suction pipe; 433. Electromagnetic block; 434. Magnetic block; 435. Magnetic ring; 436. Elastic sheet; 437. Micro electric cylinder; 438. Connecting rod; 44. Camera; 50. Unloading device; 51. Conveyor belt; 52. Loading platform; 53. Loading pipe; 54. Loading hole; 55. Pneumatic cylinder; 56. Pushing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0021] In this embodiment, the following is mainly referred to Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 7, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage selection device for aquatic organisms includes a selection box 10, a partition 11 provided in the selection box 10, a plurality of bottom mud spreading devices 20 are provided on the partition 11, a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices 30 are provided on one side of the bottom mud spreading device 20, a plurality of suction selection devices 40 are provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box 10, the bottom mud spreading device 20 includes a carrying box 21 provided on the partition 11, a bottom mud feeding net 22 provided at one end of the carrying box 21 away from the secondary dilution spreading device 30, and a bottom mud feeding net 22 provided on the outside of the carrying box 21. The bottom sediment feeding net 22 includes a plurality of N-shaped frames 221 hinged at one end to the outer wall of the carrier box 21, a water spray ring 222 connected to the end of the N-shaped frame 221 on the outer wall, and a bottom sediment leakage net 223 provided at the bottom of the water spray ring 222, the water flow evenly spreading component 23 includes a water flow pipe 231 provided on the outer wall of the carrier box 21 and connected to the carrier box 21, a plurality of overflow holes 232 provided at one end of the carrier box 21 away from the water flow pipe 231, and a first drain pipe 233 provided on the partition 11; the overflow A filter screen 234 is provided in the hole 232, and the overflow hole 232 is connected to the first drain pipe 233 through a pipe. It also includes a water unloading component 24 provided at one end of the carrier box 21 near the secondary dilution and paving device 30. The water unloading component 24 includes a water unloading pipe 241 connected to the carrier box 21 at one end and connected to the first drain pipe 233 at the other end, an extension plate 242 provided on the outer wall of the carrier box 21, an L-shaped gate plate 243 provided on the extension plate 242 and extending one end into the carrier box 21, and a bottom portion of the extension plate 242 provided for driving the L-shaped gate plate 243 to rise and fall. The driving cylinder 244 also includes a discharge device 50 provided on the partition 11 and located on the side of the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30 away from the bottom mud evenly spreading device 20, the discharge device 50 includes a conveyor belt 51 provided on the partition 11 and extending to the outside of the selection box 10 at both ends, a loading platform 52 provided at one end of the conveyor belt 51, a loading pipe 53 provided at the top of the loading platform 52, a loading hole 54 passed through the bottom of the loading pipe 53, a pneumatic cylinder 55 provided on the loading platform 52, and a pushing block 56 provided at the execution end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 and located in the loading hole 54.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the monitoring specification directly stipulates that: those with a body length greater than two millimeters and unable to pass through a 40-mesh sieve are benthic macroinvertebrates, and those greater than three centimeters are giant benthic organisms. The bottom mud evenly spreading device 20 can filter giant benthic organisms greater than three centimeters. Benthic macroinvertebrates smaller than three centimeters and larger than two millimeters can enter the carrier box 21 and be preliminarily selected by the suction and selection device 40. The suction and selection device 40 moves the preliminarily selected benthic macroinvertebrates into the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30. The secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30 performs a secondary flushing and impurity removal on the benthic macroinvertebrates through water flow. The suction and selection device 40 moves the benthic macroinvertebrates after the secondary flushing and impurity removal into the storage bottle transferred by the unloading device 50 to complete the selection and collection process. Furthermore, when the sediment spreading device 20 is working, the staff can place the sampled sediment in the sediment feeding net 22, and the water supply system connected to the water spray ring 222 is used to supply water. The water spray ring 222 sprays water, and the sediment is filtered through the sediment filter 223. Impurities or macrobenthic organisms larger than three centimeters are filtered out by the sediment filter 223, and impurities or macrobenthic invertebrates smaller than three centimeters enter the carrier box 21. Turn over the bottom mud filter 223. The bottom mud filter 223 can be turned over by rotating it around the hinge of the N-shaped frame 221, so that the filtered material in the bottom mud filter 223 can be poured out; When impurities or benthic macroinvertebrates smaller than three centimeters enter the carrier box 21, the water flow spreading component 23 performs the spreading operation. After the spreading operation is completed, the suction and sorting device 40 performs the sorting operation. After the sorting operation is completed, the water unloading component 24 can discharge the impurities in the carrier box 21. Furthermore, when the water spreading component 23 is in operation, the water source system connected to the water flow pipe 231 supplies water, and the water flows into the water flow pipe 231 and enters the carrier box 21, and continuously flushes the impurities and benthic macroinvertebrates in the carrier box 21, so that the impurities and benthic macroinvertebrates are spread on the bottom of the carrier box 21; When the water level is higher than the overflow hole 232, the water is filtered by the filter 234 and then discharged through the overflow hole 232 and the first drain pipe 233; Furthermore, when the water unloading component 24 is working, the actuator end of the driving cylinder 244 drives the L-shaped gate plate 243 to move upward, and the water flow drives the impurities to be discharged through the water unloading pipe 241 and the first drain pipe 233; Furthermore, when the unloading device 50 is working, a plurality of storage bottles can be placed in the feeding tube 53. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to move. The pushing block 56 can push the storage bottle at the bottom of the feeding tube 53 into the conveyor belt 51 through the feeding hole 54. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to reset. At this time, the storage bottles in the feeding tube 53 fall naturally under the action of gravity. The conveyor belt 51 can convey the storage bottles.

[0023] Focus on the attached Figure 2 、 6 As shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30 includes a plurality of secondary dilution boxes 31 rotatably connected to the partition 11, a power component 32 provided at the bottom of the partition 11 and used to drive the plurality of secondary dilution boxes 31 to rotate, and a liquid adding component 33 and a liquid draining component 34 provided on the partition 11, the liquid adding component 33 is used to add liquid to the secondary dilution box 31, and the liquid draining component 34 is used to remove the waste liquid in the secondary dilution box 31; the power component 32 includes a sliding frame 321 slidably connected to the bottom of the partition 11, a cylinder 322 provided at the bottom of the partition 11 and used to drive the sliding frame 321 to move, and a plurality of driving rings 323 provided on the sliding frame 321, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box 31 and the other end is rotatably connected to the partition 1 1 and extending to the lower part of the partition 11, and a transmission rod 325 with one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft 324 and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive ring 323. The liquid adding component 33 includes a liquid source pipe 331 provided on the partition 11, a liquid adding pipe 332 with one end connected to the liquid source pipe 331 and the other end extending to the secondary dilution box 31, and a first electrically controlled valve 333 provided on the liquid adding pipe 332. The liquid discharge component 34 includes a telescopic cylinder 341 provided at the bottom of the partition 11 and the execution end passing through the partition 11, a liquid discharge pipe 342 provided at the execution end of the telescopic cylinder 341, a liquid discharge pipe 342 with one end connected to the liquid discharge pipe 342 and the other end extending to the suction pipe 343 in the secondary dilution box 31, and a second electrically controlled valve 344 provided on the suction pipe 343.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30 is in operation, after the material selected once enters the secondary dilution box 31, the liquid adding component 33 adds liquid, and the actuator end of the power component 32 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to move, thereby assisting in the dispersion of the material selected once. After the material is dispersed, the suction and selection device 40 can select again. Furthermore, when the liquid adding component 33 is working, the liquid supply system connected to the liquid source pipe 331 supplies liquid, the first electrically controlled valve 333 corresponding to the secondary dilution box 31 to be added with liquid is opened, and the liquid enters the secondary dilution box 31 through the liquid adding pipe 332; Furthermore, when the power component 32 is working, the actuator end of the cylinder 322 is extended and retracted to drive the sliding frame 321 to move. The sliding frame 321 drives one end of the transmission rod 325 to swing through the driving ring 323. The other end of the transmission rod 325 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to reciprocate. Furthermore, when the drainage component 34 is working, the actuator end of the telescopic cylinder 341 drives the drainage pipe 342 and the suction pipe 343 to move downward until the end of the suction pipe 343 is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary dilution box 31. At this time, the negative pressure system connected to the drainage pipe 342 is opened, and the second electric control valve 344 is opened, and the waste liquid in the secondary dilution box 31 can be discharged through the suction pipe 343 and the drainage pipe 342.

[0025] Focus on the attached Figure 2 、 4 , 5, 8, and 9, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction and selection device 40 includes a movable positioning component 41 provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box 10, a T-shaped plate 42 provided at the execution end of the movable positioning component 41, a suction component 43 provided on the T-shaped plate 42 and with the execution end extending to the lower part of the T-shaped plate 42, and two cameras 44 passing through the T-shaped plate 42 and symmetrically distributed around the suction component 43, the movable positioning component 41 includes two slide rails 411 symmetrically provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box 10, a second linear module 412 with two ends respectively connected to the two slide rails 411 for sliding, a first linear module 413 provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box 10 and used to drive the second linear module 412 to move, and a first linear module 412 provided at the execution end of the second linear module 412 The electric cylinder 414, the execution end of the first electric cylinder 414 is connected to the T-shaped plate 42, the suction component 43 includes a plunger tube 431 provided on the T-shaped plate 42, a suction tube 432 whose top is connected to the bottom of the plunger tube 431, an electromagnetic block 433, a magnetic block 434, a magnetic ring 435 and an elastic sheet 436 arranged in the plunger tube 431 from top to bottom, a micro electric cylinder 437 provided at the top of the plunger tube 431 and whose execution end is connected to the electromagnetic block 433, and a connecting rod 438 whose top is connected to the bottom of the magnetic block 434 and whose bottom passes through the magnetic ring 435 and is connected to the elastic sheet 436; the magnetic ring 435 and the elastic sheet 436 are both fixed to the inner wall of the plunger tube 431, and the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic block 434 are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube 431.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the suction and selection device 40 is working, the controller receives the image information taken by the camera 44 and triggers the mobile positioning component 41 and the suction component 43 to perform the selection work after analysis; Furthermore, when the movable positioning component 41 is working, the actuating end of the first linear module 413 drives the second linear module 412 to move, the actuating end of the second linear module 412 drives the first electric cylinder 414 to move, and the actuating end of the first electric cylinder 414 drives the T-shaped plate 42 to move; Furthermore, when the suction component 43 is working, the magnetic block 434 can rise or fall under the magnetic force of the magnetic ring 435 and the electromagnetic block 433. When the magnetic block 434 rises, the elastic piece 436 is pulled up by the connecting rod 438, so that the suction tube 432 produces a suction effect. When the magnetic block 434 falls, the elastic piece 436 is pushed down by the connecting rod 438, so that the suction tube 432 produces a drainage effect. The actuator end of the micro electric cylinder 437 can drive the electromagnetic block 433 to move, so as to adjust the movement stroke of the magnetic block 434, so as to change the effective liquid suction volume of the suction tube 432, so as to facilitate the suction of different benthic organisms; The magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic ring 435 is changed by changing the current to make the magnetic block 434 rise or fall. Taking the rise of the magnetic block 434 as an example, the electromagnetic block 433 is energized to generate an attractive force of opposite polarity to the magnetic block 434, and the magnetic ring 435 is electrically generated to generate a repulsive force of the same polarity as the magnetic block 434, so that the magnetic block 434 moves upward.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is: The monitoring specification directly stipulates that: benthic macroinvertebrates with a body length greater than two millimeters and unable to pass through a 40-mesh sieve are benthic macroinvertebrates, and those greater than three centimeters are giant benthic organisms. The bottom mud evenly spreading device 20 can filter giant benthic macroinvertebrates greater than three centimeters. Benthic macroinvertebrates smaller than three centimeters and larger than two millimeters can enter the carrier box 21 and be preliminarily selected by the suction and selection device 40. The suction and selection device 40 moves the preliminarily selected benthic macroinvertebrates into the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30. The secondary dilution and evenly spreading device 30 performs a secondary flushing and impurity removal on the benthic macroinvertebrates through water flow. The suction and selection device 40 moves the benthic macroinvertebrates after the secondary flushing and impurity removal into the storage bottle transferred by the unloading device 50 to complete the selection and collection process. When the sediment spreading device 20 is working, the staff can place the sampled sediment in the sediment feeding net 22, and supply water from the water supply system connected to the water spray ring 222. The water spray ring 222 sprays water, and the sediment is filtered through the sediment filter 223. Impurities or macrobenthic organisms larger than three centimeters are filtered out by the sediment filter 223, and impurities or macrobenthic invertebrates smaller than three centimeters enter the carrier box 21. Turn over the bottom mud filter 223. The bottom mud filter 223 can be turned over by rotating it around the hinge of the N-shaped frame 221, so that the filtered material in the bottom mud filter 223 can be poured out; When impurities or benthic macroinvertebrates smaller than three centimeters enter the carrier box 21, the water flow spreading component 23 performs the spreading operation. After the spreading operation is completed, the suction and sorting device 40 performs the sorting operation. After the sorting operation is completed, the water unloading component 24 can discharge the impurities in the carrier box 21. When the water spreading component 23 is working, the water source system connected to the water flow pipe 231 supplies water, and the water flows into the water flow pipe 231 and enters the carrier box 21, and continuously flushes the impurities and benthic macroinvertebrates in the carrier box 21, so that the impurities and benthic macroinvertebrates are spread on the bottom of the carrier box 21; When the water level is higher than the overflow hole 232, the water is filtered by the filter 234 and then discharged through the overflow hole 232 and the first drain pipe 233; When the water unloading component 24 is working, the actuator end of the driving cylinder 244 drives the L-shaped gate plate 243 to move upward, and the water flow drives the impurities to be discharged through the water unloading pipe 241 and the first drain pipe 233; When the unloading device 50 is working, multiple storage bottles can be placed in the feeding tube 53. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to move. The pushing block 56 can push the storage bottle at the bottom of the feeding tube 53 into the conveyor belt 51 through the feeding hole 54. The actuating end of the pneumatic cylinder 55 can drive the pushing block 56 to reset. At this time, the storage bottles in the feeding tube 53 fall naturally under the action of gravity. The conveyor belt 51 can transport the storage bottles; When the secondary dilution and spreading device 30 is working, the material after the first selection enters the secondary dilution box 31, and the liquid adding component 33 adds liquid. The actuator end of the power component 32 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to move to help disperse the material after the first selection. After the material is dispersed, the suction and selection device 40 can select it again. When the liquid adding component 33 is working, the liquid supply system connected to the liquid source pipe 331 supplies liquid, the first electrically controlled valve 333 corresponding to the secondary dilution box 31 to be added with liquid is opened, and the liquid enters the secondary dilution box 31 through the liquid adding pipe 332; When the power component 32 is working, the actuator end of the cylinder 322 is extended and retracted to drive the sliding frame 321 to move. The sliding frame 321 drives one end of the transmission rod 325 to swing through the driving ring 323. The other end of the transmission rod 325 drives the secondary dilution box 31 to reciprocate. When the drain component 34 is working, the actuator end of the telescopic cylinder 341 drives the drain pipe 342 and the suction pipe 343 to move downward until the end of the suction pipe 343 is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary dilution box 31. At this time, the negative pressure system connected to the drain pipe 342 is turned on, and the second electrically controlled valve 344 is opened, and the waste liquid in the secondary dilution box 31 can be discharged through the suction pipe 343 and the drain pipe 342. When the suction and selection device 40 is working, the controller receives the image information taken by the camera 44 and triggers the mobile positioning component 41 and the suction component 43 to perform the selection work after analysis; When the movable positioning component 41 is working, the actuating end of the first linear module 413 drives the second linear module 412 to move, the actuating end of the second linear module 412 drives the first electric cylinder 414 to move, and the actuating end of the first electric cylinder 414 drives the T-shaped plate 42 to move; When the suction component 43 is working, the magnetic block 434 can rise or fall under the magnetic force of the magnetic ring 435 and the electromagnetic block 433. When the magnetic block 434 rises, the elastic piece 436 is pulled up by the connecting rod 438, so that the suction tube 432 produces a suction effect. When the magnetic block 434 falls, the elastic piece 436 is pushed down by the connecting rod 438, so that the suction tube 432 produces a drainage effect. The actuator end of the micro electric cylinder 437 can drive the electromagnetic block 433 to move, so as to adjust the movement stroke of the magnetic block 434, so as to change the effective liquid suction volume of the suction tube 432, so as to facilitate the suction of different benthic organisms; The magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 433 and the magnetic ring 435 is changed by changing the current to make the magnetic block 434 rise or fall. Taking the rise of the magnetic block 434 as an example, the electromagnetic block 433 is energized to generate an attractive force of opposite polarity to the magnetic block 434, and the magnetic ring 435 is electrically generated to generate a repulsive force of the same polarity as the magnetic block 434, so that the magnetic block 434 moves upward.

[0028] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiment without creative contribution as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A multi-stage selection device for aquatic organisms, comprising a selection box (10), a partition (11) arranged in the selection box (10), a plurality of bottom mud spreading devices (20) arranged on the partition (11), a plurality of secondary dilution spreading devices (30) arranged on one side of the bottom mud spreading device (20), a plurality of suction selection devices (40) arranged on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10), characterized in that The bottom mud evenly spreading device (20) comprises a carrying box (21) arranged on the partition (11), a bottom mud feeding net (22) arranged at one end of the carrying box (21) away from the secondary dilution evenly spreading device (30), and a water flow evenly spreading component (23) arranged on the outer wall of the carrying box (21) and located below the bottom mud feeding net (22); The secondary dilution and paving device (30) comprises a plurality of secondary dilution boxes (31) rotatably connected to the partition (11), a power component (32) provided at the bottom of the partition (11) and used to drive the plurality of secondary dilution boxes (31) to rotate, and a liquid adding component (33) and a liquid draining component (34) provided on the partition (11), wherein the liquid adding component (33) is used to add liquid into the secondary dilution box (31), and the liquid draining component (34) is used to remove waste liquid from the secondary dilution box (31); The suction and selection device (40) includes a movable positioning component (41) provided on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10), a T-shaped plate (42) provided on the execution end of the movable positioning component (41), a suction component (43) provided on the T-shaped plate (42) and with the execution end extending to the lower part of the T-shaped plate (42), and two cameras (44) passing through the T-shaped plate (42) and symmetrically distributed with the suction component (43) as the axis.

2. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mud feeding net (22) comprises a plurality of N-shaped frames (221) hinged at one end to the outer wall of the carrier box (21), a water spray ring (222) whose outer wall is connected to the end of the N-shaped frame (221), and a bottom mud leakage net (223) provided at the bottom of the water spray ring (222).

3. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water flow evenly spreading component (23) comprises a water flow pipe (231) provided on the outer wall of the carrier box (21) and in communication with the carrier box (21), a plurality of overflow holes (232) provided through an end of the carrier box (21) away from the water flow pipe (231), and a first drain pipe (233) provided on the partition (11); A filter screen (234) is provided in the overflow hole (232), and the overflow hole (232) is connected to the first drain pipe (233) through a pipe.

4. The multi-stage sorting device for aquatic organisms according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device further includes a water unloading component (24) provided at one end of the supporting box (21) near the secondary dilution and paving device (30), the water unloading component (24) including a water unloading pipe (241) having one end connected to the supporting box (21) and the other end connected to the first drain pipe (233), an extension plate (242) provided on the outer wall of the supporting box (21), an L-shaped gate plate (243) provided on the extension plate (242) and having one end extending into the inside of the supporting box (21), and a driving cylinder (244) provided at the bottom of the extension plate (242) and used for driving the L-shaped gate plate (243) to rise and fall.

5. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power component (32) includes a sliding frame (321) slidably connected to the bottom of the partition (11), a cylinder (322) provided at the bottom of the partition (11) and used to drive the sliding frame (321) to move, a plurality of drive rings (323) provided on the sliding frame (321), a shaft (324) having one end connected to the bottom of the secondary dilution box (31) and the other end rotatably connected to the partition (11) and extending to the lower part of the partition (11), and a transmission rod (325) having one end connected to the outer wall of the shaft (324) and the other end slidably connected to the inner ring of the drive ring (323).

6. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid adding component (33) comprises a liquid source tube (331) provided on the partition (11), a liquid adding tube (332) having one end connected to the liquid source tube (331) and the other end extending to the inside of the secondary dilution box (31), and a first electrically controlled valve (333) provided on the liquid adding tube (332).

7. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid discharge component (34) comprises a telescopic cylinder (341) provided at the bottom of the partition (11) and having an execution end passing through the partition (11), a liquid discharge pipe (342) provided at the execution end of the telescopic cylinder (341), a suction pipe (343) having one end connected to the liquid discharge pipe (342) and the other end extending to the inside of the secondary dilution box (31), and a second electrically controlled valve (344) provided on the suction pipe (343).

8. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable positioning component (41) includes two slide rails (411) symmetrically arranged on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10), a second linear module (412) with two ends respectively connected to the two slide rails (411) in a sliding manner, a first linear module (413) arranged on the top of the inner wall of the selection box (10) and used to drive the second linear module (412) to move, and a first electric cylinder (414) arranged at the execution end of the second linear module (412), and the execution end of the first electric cylinder (414) is connected to the T-shaped plate (42).

9. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction component (43) includes a plunger tube (431) provided on the T-shaped plate (42), a suction tube (432) whose top is connected to the bottom of the plunger tube (431), an electromagnetic block (433), a magnetic block (434), a magnetic ring (435) and an elastic sheet (436) provided in the plunger tube (431) from top to bottom, a micro electric cylinder (437) provided at the top of the plunger tube (431) and whose execution end is connected to the electromagnetic block (433), and a connecting rod (438) whose top is connected to the bottom of the magnetic block (434) and whose bottom passes through the magnetic ring (435) and is connected to the elastic sheet (436); The magnetic ring (435) and the elastic sheet (436) are both fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the plunger tube (431), and the electromagnetic block (433) and the magnetic block (434) are both slidably connected to the inner wall of the plunger tube (431).

10. The multi-stage sorting equipment for aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a discharge device (50) provided on the partition (11) and located on the side of the secondary dilution and evenly spreading device (30) away from the bottom mud evenly spreading device (20), the discharge device (50) includes a conveyor belt (51) provided on the partition (11) and with both ends extending to the outside of the selection box (10), a loading platform (52) provided at one end of the conveyor belt (51), a loading pipe (53) provided at the top of the loading platform (52), a loading hole (54) passing through the bottom of the loading pipe (53), a pneumatic cylinder (55) provided on the loading platform (52), and a pushing block (56) provided at the execution end of the pneumatic cylinder (55) and located in the loading hole (54).

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