Device and method for eliminating battery fire OFF-GAS based on plasma discharge principle

Abstract

The invention provides a battery fire OFF-GAS eliminating device and method based on a plasma discharge principle, and relates to the technical field of battery fire protection. According to the battery fire OFF-GAS eliminating device and method based on the plasma discharge principle, through the arrangement of the suction unit, the plasma discharge reaction unit, the sensing unit, the discharge unit and the automatic control system, after a battery fire occurs, the fire and toxic gas treatment are combined, harmful gas is sucked and treated through plasma, the decomposition rate exceeds 95%, and the safety of the battery fire OFF-GAS eliminating device is improved. Explosive toxic gas is rapidly eliminated, the performance is more than three times that of the prior art, the situation that detonation is caused by explosive mixed gas formed by high temperature and a large amount of smoke generated after the battery is on fire at the initial stage of the fire is effectively solved, and the problem that a large amount of toxic OFF-GAS is generated during the battery fire is efficiently and rapidly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery fire protection, and in particular to a device and method for eliminating OFF-GAS in battery fires based on the plasma discharge principle. Background Art

[0002] The primary cause of battery fires is thermal runaway during charging, which causes runaway chemical reactions within the battery, generating significant heat and potentially causing a fire. A battery fire rapidly generates high temperatures and large amounts of smoke. This smoke contains vapor or decomposition products of the lithium battery electrolyte. These substances can form an explosive mixture in the initial stages of a fire, potentially leading to deflagration.

[0003] In the existing technology, battery fires are generally handled by immediately cutting off the power supply and evacuating personnel, moving surrounding combustible materials to prevent the fire from spreading, and then preferentially using dry powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to control the fire. At the same time, continuous cooling is carried out to prevent re-ignition and ensure safety.

[0004] However, in the case of battery fires, most of the treatments are based on fire extinguishing, which cannot effectively and quickly solve the problem of large amounts of toxic OFF-GAS generated during battery fires. Therefore, the present invention has developed a new battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device and method based on the plasma discharge principle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a device and method for eliminating OFF-GAS in battery fires based on the principle of plasma discharge. This device and method solve the problem that battery fires are generally handled by immediately cutting off the power supply and evacuating personnel, moving surrounding combustible materials to prevent the spread of the fire, and then preferentially using dry powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to control the fire. This approach, which is based on the direction of fire extinguishing, cannot efficiently and quickly solve the problem of the large amount of toxic OFF-GAS generated during battery fires.

[0006] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on the plasma discharge principle, which is used to treat both battery fires and the toxic gases generated by the fire, including: an intake unit for extracting air containing harmful escaped gases from a confined space where a battery fire occurs; Plasma discharge reaction unit, i.e. plasma reaction part, when the inhaled harmful gas passes through the plasma reaction part, plasma can decompose it and transform it into harmless or low-harmful substances; A sensing unit, the sensing unit being used to continuously monitor the composition and concentration of the inhaled gas and the composition of the treated gas in real time; An exhaust unit, which is used to safely exhaust the gas that has been converted into harmless or low-harmful substances after plasma purification; An automatic control system receives all data from the sensor unit, performs analysis and processing, and automatically issues instructions to control the plasma discharge reaction unit according to a preset program and real-time data.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic control system adjusts the processing state of the toxic gas by controlling the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit when in use.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature of the plasma discharge unit is greater than 1200° C. to ensure rapid decomposition of toxic gases.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic control system automatically starts the suction, processing, decomposition and discharge functions according to the fire identification result.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit according to the concentration of toxic gases in the enhanced state, increases the maximum frequency by 100kHz in an emergency state, and makes the plasma temperature reach 1800°C to maximize the decomposition effect, and develops relevant control algorithms.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for eliminating battery fire OFF-GAS using a device based on the plasma discharge principle, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: A battery fire occurs, generating a large amount of harmful gas. The sensing unit first detects an abnormal gas concentration. The automatic control system receives a trigger signal from the sensor, determines that a purification program needs to be started, and issues a command to start the suction unit. Step 2: The suction unit starts working, drawing air containing harmful gases from the fire area through the suction unit's pipes into the plasma discharge reaction unit. At the same time, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow rate, and frequency parameters based on sensor feedback to maintain a stable plasma discharge state and decompose the harmful gases into harmless substances. Step 3: The purified gas is discharged through the discharge unit to discharge the safe gas that meets the treatment standards. When the sensor unit detects that the fire is under control and the concentration of harmful gases drops below the safe level, the automatic control unit determines that the purification task is completed, gradually reduces the power of each unit, and finally stops. If an abnormality is detected again during this period, the above process is repeated.

[0012] (3) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a device and method for eliminating OFF-GAS in battery fires based on the plasma discharge principle. It has the following beneficial effects: This battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device and method based on the plasma discharge principle, by providing an intake unit, a plasma discharge reaction unit, a sensing unit, an emission unit and an automatic control system, combines fire and toxic gas treatment after a battery fire occurs, inhaling harmful gases and treating them through plasma, with a decomposition rate exceeding 95%, and rapidly eliminating explosive toxic gases. This performance is more than three times that of existing technologies, effectively solving the problem of high temperature and large amounts of smoke generated after a battery fire forming an explosive mixed gas in the early stages of the fire, leading to deflagration, and efficiently and quickly solving the problem of large amounts of toxic OFF-GAS generated during a battery fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the operating principle diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example: Battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on plasma discharge principle is used to treat battery fire and toxic gases generated by the fire, including: 1. Suction unit: The suction unit is used to extract air containing harmful overflow gases from the confined space where the battery fire occurs (such as the battery compartment, the inside of the battery pack, or a specific fire extinguishing isolation area); Specifically, the intake unit is the air inlet portion of the device, typically consisting of a fan, filter, valve, and other components. It draws smoke, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and other toxic and hazardous gases generated at the fire scene into the device for subsequent treatment. Among them, the fan provides the necessary suction force to ensure that the gas can enter effectively, the valve can control the suction flow and start and stop, and the filter can remove larger particles and protect subsequent precision components such as sensors and plasma reaction units.

[0016] 2. Plasma discharge reaction unit, i.e. plasma reaction part. When the inhaled harmful gas passes through the plasma reaction part, the plasma can decompose it and convert it into harmless or low-harm substances; Specifically, the plasma discharge reaction unit is the core of the entire device, including the electrode structure that generates plasma, a high-voltage power supply, and possible insulation and cooling systems. Plasma refers to a partially ionized gas containing a large number of electrons, ions, free radicals, and excited molecules / atoms; When inhaled harmful gases pass through the plasma region, high-energy electrons, ions, and reactive free radicals undergo violent physical and chemical reactions with the gas molecules. These high-energy particles are powerful enough to break the chemical bonds of harmful gas molecules, breaking them down into smaller, simpler molecules, or even directly into harmless atoms (such as CO decomposing into C and O). Common conversion products are harmless substances such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and nitrogen (N2). Among them, the temperature of the plasma discharge unit is greater than 1200℃ to ensure the rapid decomposition of toxic gases. For many volatile organic compounds and toxic gases that are difficult to treat with traditional methods, plasma discharge is a very effective purification method with high conversion efficiency and fast reaction speed.

[0017] 3. Sensing unit: The sensing unit is used to continuously monitor the composition and concentration of the inhaled gas and the composition of the treated gas in real time; Specifically, the sensing unit includes gas concentration sensors (CO, H2, VOCs, gas concentration sensors, etc.) distributed at different locations of the device (before inhalation, after reaction or at key nodes). It continuously monitors the composition and concentration of the inhaled gas, the composition of the treated gas, etc. in real time, and transmits the monitored data to the automatic control unit in real time. It serves as an important basis for judging the fire condition, the operating status of the device and the purification effect. When an abnormal situation is detected (such as the concentration of a specific gas exceeds the standard or the plasma is abnormal), an alarm or protection mechanism can be triggered.

[0018] 4. Discharge unit: The discharge unit is used to safely discharge the gas that has been purified by plasma and converted into harmless or low-harmful substances; Specifically, the discharge unit is the gas outlet part of the device, which usually contains a fan, valve, final filter and silencer. The treated gas is discharged to a safe area or directly into the atmosphere through here; Among them, the final filter (activated carbon or other types of filters) is used to capture a small amount of byproducts or incompletely reacted tiny particles that may be produced by the plasma reaction, ensuring the compliance of the final exhaust gas; the fan and valve work together to ensure that the treated gas can be discharged smoothly and controllably, maintaining appropriate negative pressure in the system.

[0019] 5. Automatic control system: The automatic control system receives all data from the sensor unit, analyzes and processes it, and automatically issues instructions to control the plasma discharge reaction unit according to the preset program and real-time data; Specifically, the automatic control unit is the "brain" of the device, typically a microprocessor- or PLC-based control board containing control algorithms, memory, and interface circuits. It receives and analyzes all data from the sensor units, determining the severity of the fire, the type and concentration trends of the gas, and the operating status of each device component. Based on pre-set programs and real-time data, it automatically issues commands to control the fan start / stop and power of the suction unit, the voltage / current regulation of the plasma discharge unit, and the fan operation and valve opening / closing of the discharge unit. At the same time, the automatic control unit also coordinates the work of each unit and optimizes operating parameters (such as plasma power) to achieve the best gas purification efficiency and energy consumption balance.

[0020] Among them, the automatic control system automatically starts the suction, processing, decomposition and emission functions according to the fire identification results, and the automatic control system adjusts the processing state of toxic gases by controlling the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit when in use.

[0021] In the enhanced state, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit according to the concentration of toxic gases. In an emergency, it increases the maximum frequency by 100kHz to make the plasma temperature reach 1800°C to maximize the decomposition effect, and develops relevant control algorithms.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for eliminating battery fire OFF-GAS using a device based on the plasma discharge principle, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: A battery fire occurs, generating a large amount of harmful gas. The sensor unit (located in the fire area or at the device entrance) first detects an abnormal gas concentration. The automatic control system receives the sensor's trigger signal (or preset start condition), determines that the purification process needs to be initiated, and issues a command to start the suction unit (the fan); Step 2: The suction unit (fan) starts working, drawing air containing harmful gases from the fire area into the device through the suction unit's pipes. The filter performs preliminary filtration, and the gas enters the plasma discharge reaction unit. At the same time, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow rate, and frequency parameters based on the feedback from the sensor (such as gas composition and flow rate) to maintain a stable plasma discharge state. High-energy particles react with harmful gas molecules, decomposing the harmful gases into harmless substances. During this period, the sensing unit continuously monitors the internal status of the reaction unit and the composition and concentration of the treated gas, and feeds the data back to the automatic control unit in real time; Step 3: The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust unit to discharge the safe gas that meets the treatment standards. The automatic control unit controls the exhaust fan and valve to discharge the safe gas that meets the treatment standards to the designated area. The final filter ensures the quality of the exhaust gas; During the entire operation process, the automatic control unit continuously adjusts the operating parameters of each unit (such as suction flow rate and plasma power) based on real-time monitoring data to adapt to changes in gas composition and concentration during the development of the fire, ensuring continuous, efficient and safe operation; When the sensing unit detects that the fire is under control and the concentration of harmful gases has dropped below a safe level, the automatic control unit determines that the purification task is completed, gradually reduces the power of each unit, and eventually stops operation. If an abnormality is detected again during this period, the above process is repeated.

[0023] The core advantage of this device lies in its ability to leverage the high energy and activity of plasma to quickly and efficiently decompose the complex and hazardous gases produced in battery fires, preventing their spread and causing secondary harm or environmental pollution. The entire process is highly automated, offering rapid response and strong adaptability.

[0024] In summary, the present invention provides an intake unit, a plasma discharge reaction unit, a sensing unit, an emission unit and an automatic control system. After a battery fire occurs, the fire and toxic gas treatment are combined, and the harmful gas is inhaled and treated through plasma. The decomposition rate exceeds 95%, and the explosive toxic gas is quickly eliminated. The performance is more than three times that of the existing technology. It effectively solves the problem that the high temperature and a large amount of smoke generated after the battery fire will form an explosive mixed gas in the early stage of the fire, leading to deflagration, and efficiently and quickly solves the problem of a large amount of toxic OFF-GAS generated during a battery fire.

[0025] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on plasma discharge principle, used to treat battery fire and toxic gases generated by fire, characterized by: include: an intake unit for extracting air containing harmful escaped gases from a confined space where a battery fire occurs; Plasma discharge reaction unit, i.e. plasma reaction part, when the inhaled harmful gas passes through the plasma reaction part, plasma can decompose it and transform it into harmless or low-harmful substances; A sensing unit, the sensing unit being used to continuously monitor the composition and concentration of the inhaled gas and the composition of the treated gas in real time; An exhaust unit, which is used to safely exhaust the gas that has been converted into harmless or low-harmful substances after plasma purification; An automatic control system receives all data from the sensor unit, performs analysis and processing, and automatically issues instructions to control the plasma discharge reaction unit according to a preset program and real-time data.

2. The battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on the plasma discharge principle according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic control system adjusts the processing state of the toxic gas by controlling the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit when in use.

3. The battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on the plasma discharge principle according to claim 1 is characterized by: The temperature of the plasma discharge unit is greater than 1200° C. to ensure rapid decomposition of toxic gases.

4. The battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on the plasma discharge principle according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic control system automatically starts the suction, processing, decomposition and discharge functions according to the fire identification result.

5. The battery fire OFF-GAS elimination device based on the plasma discharge principle according to claim 2 is characterized by: In the enhanced state, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow and frequency of the plasma discharge reaction unit according to the concentration of toxic gases. In an emergency, it increases the maximum frequency by 100kHz to make the plasma temperature reach 1800°C to achieve the maximum decomposition effect, and develops relevant control algorithms.

6. The method for eliminating battery fire OFF-GAS according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: A battery fire occurs, generating a large amount of harmful gas. The sensing unit first detects an abnormal gas concentration. The automatic control system receives a trigger signal from the sensor, determines that a purification program needs to be started, and issues a command to start the suction unit. Step 2: The suction unit starts working, drawing air containing harmful gases from the fire area through the suction unit's pipes into the plasma discharge reaction unit. At the same time, the automatic control system adjusts the power supply, gas flow rate, and frequency parameters based on sensor feedback to maintain a stable plasma discharge state and decompose the harmful gases into harmless substances. Step 3: The purified gas is discharged through the discharge unit to discharge the safe gas that meets the treatment standards. When the sensor unit detects that the fire is under control and the concentration of harmful gases drops below the safe level, the automatic control unit determines that the purification task is completed, gradually reduces the power of each unit, and finally stops. If an abnormality is detected again during this period, the above process is repeated.

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