Carbon dioxide trapping system
By combining the capture module with the catalytic regeneration module in the carbon dioxide capture system, using a phase separator and different catalytic regeneration reactors, only the rich liquid is involved in desorption, which solves the problem of high energy consumption in traditional carbon dioxide capture systems, achieves efficient catalytic regeneration and energy utilization, and improves system stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411389144.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
In traditional amine absorption carbon dioxide capture technology, desorption energy consumption is high, catalytic regeneration energy consumption is large, and it is difficult to effectively control proton migration, which limits its industrial application.
A carbon dioxide capture system is designed, in which a capture module is coordinated with a catalytic regeneration module. The absorbent solution is separated into rich liquid and lean liquid by a phase separator, and only the rich liquid participates in the desorption process of the catalytic regeneration module. The jet technology in a fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor is utilized to combine the absorbent regeneration module with the catalyst regeneration module. A fluidized bed or packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor is adopted, and a jet source is used to achieve fluidization and solid-liquid agitation, thereby reducing the energy consumption of catalytic regeneration.
It realizes efficient catalytic regeneration of absorbent and graded utilization of energy, reduces catalytic regeneration temperature, improves catalytic efficiency, prevents catalyst sedimentation and clogging, and extends the operating life of the system.
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Figure CN120679337A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, and in particular to a carbon dioxide capture system. Background Art
[0002] One method for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas is amine absorption. However, due to the strong bonding between the nitrogen atoms of alcohol amines and carbon dioxide, traditional technologies struggle to effectively control the proton migration step in alkaline environments. This results in high CO2 desorption temperatures (110-130°C) and high desorption energy consumption, limiting its industrial application. Developing new technologies to reduce the energy consumption for desorption of CO2 from amine solutions is urgent.
[0003] To address these issues, current research focuses on the development of amine-based absorbents (including mixed amines and phase-change solvents) and catalytic regeneration materials (including porous molecular sieves, metal oxides, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks). Furthermore, because only a portion of the absorbent captures CO2 during CO2 capture, while all of the absorbent participates in the desorption process (i.e., catalytic regeneration) during desorption, the energy consumption for catalytic regeneration remains high.
[0004] Therefore, in order to solve practical problems, it is urgent to develop a carbon dioxide capture system that can reduce the energy consumption of catalytic regeneration. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide capture system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The capture module is coordinated with the catalytic regeneration module. By designing catalytic regeneration reactors with different catalyst arrangements, the absorbent solution is simultaneously separated into a carbon dioxide-rich liquid and a carbon dioxide-lean liquid. Only the rich liquid is involved in the desorption process of the catalytic regeneration module, thereby reducing the energy consumption of catalytic regeneration.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0007] The present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture system, comprising:
[0008] A capture module having a phase separator capable of separating the absorbent solution containing captured carbon dioxide into phases, so that the lean solution with a low carbon dioxide concentration can be recovered and re-engaged in carbon dioxide capture;
[0009] A catalytic regeneration module is capable of catalytically regenerating the rich liquid with a high carbon dioxide concentration after phase separation by the phase separator, storing the carbon dioxide during the catalytic regeneration process, and allowing the lean liquid formed during the catalytic regeneration to participate in carbon dioxide capture again;
[0010] The catalytic regeneration module includes a fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and two incident sources are incident at different angles on the side wall of the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, which can fluidize the catalyst and absorbent mixed in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor;
[0011] Alternatively, the catalytic regeneration module comprises a packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, wherein multiple layers of stainless steel corrugated plate fillers are evenly arranged in the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and catalyst particles are filled between two adjacent layers of the stainless steel corrugated plate fillers.
[0012] Optionally, the capture module includes an absorption tower, which is connected to the phase separator through an output pipeline, the lean liquid outlet of the phase separator is connected to a lean liquid tank, and the rich liquid outlet of the phase separator is connected to the catalytic regeneration module through a rich liquid pipeline; the lean liquid pipeline of the catalytic regeneration module is connected to the lean liquid tank; and the lean liquid tank is connected to the absorption tower through an input pipeline.
[0013] Optionally, a heat exchanger is further included, wherein the heat absorption pipe of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the rich liquid pipeline, and the heat release pipe of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the lean liquid pipeline.
[0014] Optionally, the output pipeline, the input pipeline, the lean liquid pipeline and the rich liquid pipeline are all provided with a delivery pump.
[0015] Optionally, the catalytic regeneration module also includes a regeneration tower, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the regeneration tower, and the regeneration tower is provided with a heat supply device, which can provide the heat required for the reaction in the regeneration tower; the top of the regeneration tower is connected to a cooling component through a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline, and the output port of the cooling component is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank, and the cooling component is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a first jet pipeline, and the liquid condensed by the cooling component enters the first jet pipeline and can be used as one of the incident sources to enter the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, the regeneration tower is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a semi-lean liquid pipeline, the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the cooling component through an exhaust pipeline, and the lean liquid outlet of the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.
[0016] Optionally, the heat supply device includes a reboiler, and the reboiler is circulatedly connected to the regeneration tower through a low-temperature absorbent pipeline and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline respectively; the reboiler is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a circulating steam pipeline.
[0017] Optionally, a condensation section is provided at the top of the regeneration tower, and the carbon dioxide in the regeneration tower enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline after passing through the condensation section. The condensation section is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a second jet pipeline. The liquid condensed by the condensation section enters the second jet pipeline and can serve as another incident source to enter the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor; the jet directions of the first jet pipeline and the second jet pipeline to the inside of the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor are opposite.
[0018] The present invention reduces regeneration energy consumption through three methods: absorbent-rich and lean liquid phase separation, absorbent regeneration, and graded energy utilization in conjunction with a regeneration tower and a fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The catalyst is arranged in a fluidized bed in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor; the absorbent is an amine liquid, and the catalyst and absorbent are mixed in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The catalyst is contained solely in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor and fluidized by two liquid sources, each serving as a jet source. Specifically, a wire mesh in the condensation section at the top of the regeneration tower preliminarily condenses the gas-liquid mixture produced by desorption, and the separated liquid serves as one jet source and is injected into the catalytic regeneration reactor at a predetermined angle. The preliminarily condensed gas-liquid mixture passes through a cooling assembly for further gas-liquid separation, and the liquid serves as the second jet source and is injected into the catalytic regeneration reactor in a direction opposite to the aforementioned angle and at a predetermined vertical distance. This method achieves solid-liquid agitation while maintaining a stable amine liquid concentration within the system, enhancing gas-liquid-solid three-phase mass transfer and improving catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, this method prevents sedimentation and clogging of the catalyst-absorbent fluidized bed in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor.
[0019] Optionally, the catalytic regeneration module includes a packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, in which the catalyst is arranged in the form of a packed fixed bed. The packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is provided with a catalyst monolithic packing. The rich liquid pipeline is connected to the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is provided with a heating device capable of providing the heat required for the reaction within the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The top of the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to a cooling assembly via a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline. The output of the cooling assembly is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank. The lean liquid outlet of the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the lean liquid pipeline. The shaped catalyst is fixed in the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor in the form of packing. Specifically, the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is typically equipped with a section of corrugated stainless steel plate packing to enhance gas-liquid mass transfer. In the present invention, the shaped catalyst packing is fixed between two layers of corrugated stainless steel plate packing to form a fixed bed. This approach effectively reduces the risk of solids settling and pipeline blockage, thereby extending the operating life of the system.
[0020] Optionally, the cooling component is connected to the lean liquid tank via a condensation separation liquid pipeline, and a condensation section is provided on the top of the packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The carbon dioxide in the packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor passes through the condensation section and enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline, and the condensation section is connected to the lean liquid tank through a condensate output pipeline.
[0021] Optionally, the heat supply device includes a reboiler, and the reboiler is cyclically connected to the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a low-temperature absorbent pipeline and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline respectively.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
[0023] The present invention can realize hierarchical and efficient catalytic regeneration of absorbent and hierarchical utilization of energy. Due to the catalytic effect of the filler in the catalytic regeneration module, the catalytic regeneration temperature is reduced, thereby realizing efficient utilization of energy and efficient regeneration of the absorbent. The arrangement of the catalyst requires little modification to the existing system and is low in cost. Due to the confining effect of the stainless steel corrugated plate filler, the loss of catalyst particles is limited, thereby realizing long-term stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection arrangement of the carbon dioxide capture system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection arrangement of the second embodiment of the carbon dioxide capture system of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst monolithic packing in Example 2 of the present invention.
[0028] In the figure: 1-flue gas, 2-absorption tower, 3-decarbonized flue gas, 4-transfer pump, 5-phase separator, 6-lean liquid tank, 7-heat exchanger, 8-fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, 9-regeneration tower, 10-reboiler, 11-cooling assembly, 12-carbon dioxide storage tank, 13-rich liquid pipeline, 14-lean liquid pipeline, 15-low-temperature absorbent pipeline, 16-high-temperature absorbent pipeline, 17-circulating steam pipeline, 18-first jet pipeline, 19-second jet pipeline, 20-semi-lean liquid pipeline, 21-catalyst monolithic packing, 2101-stainless steel corrugated plate packing, 2102-monolithic catalyst particles, 22-condensate separation liquid pipeline, 23-condensate output pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide capture system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The capture module is coordinated with the catalytic regeneration module. The carbon capture system and catalytic regeneration reactor are designed according to the layout of the catalyst in the system. At the same time, the absorbent solution is phase-separated into a carbon dioxide-rich liquid and a carbon dioxide-lean liquid. Only the rich liquid participates in the desorption process of the catalytic regeneration module, thereby reducing the energy consumption of catalytic regeneration.
[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0032] The known research of the inventor lacks the relevant content of the design of carbon capture absorbent catalytic regeneration reactor. Based on different catalyst arrangements, the present invention specifically proposes two catalytic regeneration modules and capture module matching structures, namely a catalytic regeneration module and capture module matching structure comprising a fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and a catalytic regeneration module and capture module matching structure comprising a packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The capture module has a phase separator, which can separate the absorbent solution with captured carbon dioxide into rich liquid and lean liquid, the rich liquid being the absorbent solution with higher carbon dioxide concentration, and the lean liquid being the absorbent solution with lower carbon dioxide concentration; after phase separation, the carbon dioxide The carbon-lean liquid can be recovered and re-participate in carbon dioxide capture; the catalytic regeneration module can catalytically regenerate the carbon dioxide-rich liquid after phase separation in the phase separator, and store the carbon dioxide in the catalytic regeneration process, and the lean liquid formed by catalytic regeneration re-participates in carbon dioxide capture. The jet technology in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor of the present invention can significantly enhance the gas, liquid and solid three-phase mass transfer in the catalytic regeneration reactor, and reduce the risk of catalyst sedimentation and blockage. The catalyst packing arrangement in the packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor of the present invention realizes the minimization and lowest cost transformation of the existing carbon capture equipment, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient regeneration of the absorbent and energy saving and emission reduction.
[0033] Example 1
[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the catalytic regeneration module of this embodiment cooperates with the capture module. In this embodiment, the capture module includes an absorption tower 2, which is connected to a phase separator 5 via an output pipeline. The lean liquid outlet of the phase separator 5 is connected to a lean liquid tank 6, and the rich liquid outlet of the phase separator 5 is connected to the catalytic regeneration module via a rich liquid pipeline 13; the lean liquid pipeline 14 of the catalytic regeneration module is connected to the lean liquid tank 6; the lean liquid tank 6 is connected to the absorption tower 2 via an input pipeline. The output pipeline, input pipeline, lean liquid pipeline 14, and rich liquid pipeline 13 are all equipped with a delivery pump 4 to facilitate liquid circulation.
[0035] In order to maximize energy utilization and reduce energy consumption, a heat exchanger 7 is designed in this embodiment. The heat absorption pipe of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series to the rich liquid pipeline 13, and the heat release pipe of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series to the lean liquid pipeline 14. Therefore, the absorbent solution in the rich liquid pipeline 13 can absorb the heat in the lean liquid pipeline 14 after the reaction, thereby reducing the heat required for the subsequent reaction in the regeneration tower 9.
[0036] The catalytic regeneration module of this embodiment includes a regeneration tower 9 and a catalytic regeneration reactor 8. A rich liquid pipeline 13 is connected to the regeneration tower 9. The top of the regeneration tower 9 is connected to a cooling assembly 11 via a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline. The output of the cooling assembly 11 is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank 12. The cooling assembly 11 is connected to the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 via a first jet pipeline 18. The regeneration tower 9 is connected to the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 via a semi-lean liquid pipeline 20. The catalytic regeneration reactor 8 is connected to the cooling assembly 11 via an exhaust pipeline. The lean liquid outlet of the regeneration reactor is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 14. The reboiler 10 is in circular communication with the regeneration tower 9 via a low-temperature absorbent pipeline 15 and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline 16, respectively. The reboiler 10 is connected to the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 via a circulating steam pipeline 17. A condenser is provided at the top of the regeneration tower 9. The carbon dioxide in the regeneration tower 9 passes through the condenser and enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline. The condenser is connected to the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 via a second jet pipeline 19. The first jet pipeline 18 and the second jet pipeline 19 have opposite jet directions into the catalytic regeneration reactor 8. The phase separator 5, regeneration tower 9, absorption tower 2, heat exchanger 7, reboiler 10, and cooling assembly 11 of this embodiment are all known structures, and their specific structures and respective working principles belong to mature technologies.
[0037] When this embodiment is working, the flue gas 1 enters the absorption tower 2, and the decarbonized flue gas 3 is discharged after reacting with the absorbent. The saturated absorbent after absorbing carbon dioxide enters the phase separator 5 through the delivery pump 4. After phase separation in the phase separator 5, the rich phase rich in carbon dioxide passes through the rich liquid pipeline 13 and the heat exchanger 7 and enters the regeneration tower 9 for preliminary regeneration. The heat of the reaction in the regeneration tower 9 comes from the reboiler 10. The low-temperature absorbent in the regeneration tower 9 enters the reboiler 10 through the low-temperature absorbent pipeline 15 for heating. After that, the high-temperature absorbent in the reboiler 10 returns to the regeneration tower 9 from the high-temperature absorbent pipeline 16. The desorbed carbon dioxide carries water vapor and is preliminarily condensed by the wire mesh at the top of the regeneration tower 9. The condensed water serves as a jet source and enters the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 from the second jet pipeline 19 in a jet manner at a certain angle. The preliminarily condensed carbon dioxide continues to pass through the cooling component 11 and enters The carbon dioxide storage tank 12, the liquid water separated by the cooling component 11 is used as a jet source from the first jet pipeline 18 in a jet manner at an angle opposite to that of the second jet pipeline 19, and enters the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 to participate in the circulation. The two jet sources can ensure the water balance of the system. The semi-lean liquid preliminarily regenerated by the regeneration tower 9 enters the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 through the semi-lean liquid pipeline 20 for further catalytic regeneration. The heat of the reaction in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 comes from the circulating steam pipeline 17 of the reboiler 10. The carbon dioxide desorbed in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 enters the cooling component 11 from the outlet through the exhaust pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide storage tank 12 through the cooling component 11. The lean liquid enters the lean liquid tank 6 through the heat exchanger 7 and mixes with the lean liquid separated from the phase separator 5. Then the absorbent lean liquid in the lean liquid tank 6 enters the absorption tower 2, and the circulation process is completed.
[0038] This embodiment reduces regeneration energy consumption through three methods: absorbent-rich and lean phase separation, absorbent regeneration, and the coordinated utilization of energy by the regeneration tower 9 and catalytic regeneration reactor 8. The catalyst is arranged in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 in a fluidized bed format; the absorbent is an amine solution, and the catalyst and absorbent are mixed in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8. The catalyst is contained solely in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 and fluidized by two liquid sources, each serving as a jet source. Specifically, a wire mesh in the condensation section at the top of the regeneration tower 9 preliminarily condenses the gas-liquid mixture produced by desorption. The separated liquid serves as one jet source and is injected into the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 at a predetermined angle. The preliminarily condensed gas-liquid mixture passes through a cooling assembly 11 for further gas-liquid separation. The liquid, serving as the second jet source, is injected into the catalytic regeneration reactor 8 in a direction opposite to the aforementioned angle and at a predetermined vertical distance. This method achieves solid-liquid agitation while maintaining a stable amine solution concentration within the system, enhancing gas-liquid-solid three-phase mass transfer and improving catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, this method prevents sedimentation and clogging of the catalyst-absorbent fluidized bed in the catalytic regeneration reactor 8.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the catalytic regeneration module of this embodiment includes a packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor. Monolithic catalyst particles 2102 are arranged in a packed fixed bed within a regeneration tower 9 to form the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor of this embodiment. The regeneration tower 9 is equipped with a catalyst monolithic packing 21. A rich liquid pipeline 13 is connected to the regeneration tower 9. A reboiler 10 is connected to the regeneration tower 9 via a low-temperature absorbent pipeline 15 and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline 16, respectively. The top of the regeneration tower 9 is connected to a cooling assembly 11 via a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline. The output of the cooling assembly 11 is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank 12. The lean liquid outlet of the regeneration tower 9 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 14. The shaped catalyst is fixed in the regeneration tower 9 as packing. The regeneration tower 9 is evenly distributed with multiple layers of stainless steel corrugated plate packing. Catalyst particles are filled between adjacent layers of stainless steel corrugated plate packing. Specifically, industrial regeneration towers are typically equipped with a section of stainless steel corrugated plate packing to enhance gas-liquid mass transfer. In the present invention, the shaped catalyst packing is fixed between two layers of corrugated plate packing to form a fixed bed. This approach effectively reduces the risk of solids settling and pipeline blockage, extending the operating life of the system. The cooling component 11 is connected to the lean liquid tank 6 through the condensation separation liquid pipeline 22. A condensation part is provided on the top of the regeneration tower 9. The carbon dioxide in the regeneration tower 9 enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline after passing through the condensation part. The condensation part is connected to the lean liquid tank 6 through the condensate output pipeline 23.
[0041] During operation of this embodiment, flue gas 1 enters absorption tower 2, reacts with the absorbent, and decarbonized flue gas 3 is discharged. The saturated absorbent, having absorbed carbon dioxide, enters phase separator 5, where it undergoes phase separation. The carbon dioxide-rich phase, after passing through rich liquid pipeline 13 and heat exchanger 7, enters regeneration tower 9. After passing through catalyst monolithic packing 21 and undergoing sufficient reaction, the desorbed carbon dioxide, carrying water vapor, is initially condensed by the wire mesh at the top of regeneration tower 9. The resulting condensate enters lean liquid tank 6 through condensate output pipeline 23. The initially condensed carbon dioxide, carrying water vapor, continues to pass through cooling assembly 11 and enters carbon dioxide storage tank 12. The liquid separated by cooling assembly 11 enters lean liquid tank 6 through condensed separation liquid pipeline 22, where it participates in the circulation process to ensure water balance in the system. The lean liquid regenerated in regeneration tower 9 enters lean liquid tank 6 through heat exchanger 7 and lean liquid pipeline 14, where it is mixed with the lean liquid separated from phase separator 5. The mixed absorbent lean liquid then enters absorption tower 2, completing the cycle. The heat of the reaction in the regeneration tower 9 comes from the reboiler 10 , the low-temperature absorbent enters the reboiler 10 through the low-temperature absorbent pipeline 15 , and the high-temperature absorbent returns to the regeneration tower 9 through the high-temperature absorbent pipeline 16 .
[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, it should be noted that, in order to minimize and minimize the cost of existing systems, the present invention comprises a catalyst packing 21 comprising multiple layers of corrugated stainless steel plate packing 2101 arranged vertically. The stainless steel plate packing 2101 has multiple through-holes to facilitate liquid circulation. Between adjacent layers of the stainless steel plate packing 2101 are multiple monolithic catalyst particles 2102, each with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through-holes in the stainless steel plate packing 2101, forming a fixed bed. As the absorbent-rich liquid flows through the stainless steel plate packing 2101, driven by thermal and catalytic effects, it efficiently desorbs carbon dioxide, while the absorbent-lean liquid returns to the absorption tower 2 via a heat exchanger.
[0043] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that: include: A capture module having a phase separator capable of separating the absorbent solution containing captured carbon dioxide into phases, so that the lean solution with a low carbon dioxide concentration can be recovered and re-engaged in carbon dioxide capture; A catalytic regeneration module is capable of catalytically regenerating the rich liquid with a high carbon dioxide concentration after phase separation by the phase separator, storing the carbon dioxide during the catalytic regeneration process, and allowing the lean liquid formed during the catalytic regeneration to participate in carbon dioxide capture again; The catalytic regeneration module includes a fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and two incident sources are incident at different angles on the side wall of the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor, which can fluidize the catalyst and absorbent mixed in the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor; Alternatively, the catalytic regeneration module comprises a packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, wherein multiple layers of stainless steel corrugated plate fillers are evenly arranged in the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and catalyst particles are filled between two adjacent layers of the stainless steel corrugated plate fillers.
2. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capture module includes an absorption tower, which is connected to the phase separator through an output pipeline. The lean liquid outlet of the phase separator is connected to a lean liquid tank. The rich liquid outlet of the phase separator is connected to the catalytic regeneration module through a rich liquid pipeline; the lean liquid pipeline of the catalytic regeneration module is connected to the lean liquid tank; and the lean liquid tank is connected to the absorption tower through an input pipeline.
3. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a heat exchanger, wherein the heat absorption pipe of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the rich liquid pipeline, and the heat release pipe of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the lean liquid pipeline.
4. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 2, wherein: The output pipeline, input pipeline, lean liquid pipeline and rich liquid pipeline are all provided with delivery pumps.
5. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 2, wherein: The catalytic regeneration module also includes a regeneration tower, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the regeneration tower, and the regeneration tower is provided with a heat supply device, which can provide the heat required for the reaction in the regeneration tower; the top of the regeneration tower is connected to a cooling component through a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline, and the output port of the cooling component is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank. The cooling component is connected to the catalytic regeneration reactor through a first jet pipeline, and the liquid condensed by the cooling component enters the first jet pipeline and can be used as one of the incident sources to enter the catalytic regeneration reactor. The regeneration tower is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a semi-lean liquid pipeline, and the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the cooling component through an exhaust pipeline. The lean liquid outlet of the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.
6. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat supply device includes a reboiler, which is circulatedly connected to the regeneration tower through a low-temperature absorbent pipeline and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline respectively; the reboiler is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a circulating steam pipeline.
7. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A condensation section is provided at the top of the regeneration tower. The carbon dioxide in the regeneration tower enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline after passing through the condensation section. The condensation section is connected to the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a second jet pipeline. The liquid condensed by the condensation section enters the second jet pipeline and can serve as another incident source to enter the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor; the first jet pipeline and the second jet pipeline have opposite jet directions into the fluidized bed catalytic regeneration reactor.
8. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 2, wherein: The packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is provided with a catalyst monolithic packing, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, and a heating device is provided at the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor, which can provide the heat required for the reaction in the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor; the top of the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to a cooling component through a carbon dioxide recovery pipeline, the output port of the cooling component is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank, and the lean liquid outlet of the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.
9. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling component is connected to the lean liquid tank via a condensate separation liquid pipeline. A condensation section is provided on the top of the packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor. The carbon dioxide in the packed fixed bed catalytic regeneration reactor enters the carbon dioxide recovery pipeline after passing through the condensation section. The condensation section is connected to the lean liquid tank via a condensate output pipeline.
10. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 8, wherein: The heat supply device comprises a reboiler, and the reboiler is cyclically connected to the packed fixed-bed catalytic regeneration reactor through a low-temperature absorbent pipeline and a high-temperature absorbent pipeline respectively.