Method for preparing high-molecular-weight organic acid group-containing polymer through Fenton reaction catalysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-molecular-weight polymer containing an organic acid group through Fenton reaction catalysis, and belongs to the technical field of Fenton reaction catalysis free radical polymerization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding a ferrocene derivative, a monomer containing an organic acid group, a (methyl) acrylamide monomer or a (methyl) acrylate monomer and an RAFT reagent into water, removing oxygen under the protection of inert gas, adding a hydrogen peroxide stock solution, carrying out a constant-temperature reaction, and carrying out a quenching reaction in air to obtain the polymer. The controllable synthesis bottleneck of a narrow-distribution ultra-high molecular weight carboxylic acid group-containing polymer is broken through, metal catalyst residues of ATRP and high-temperature conditions required by NMP are avoided, water is used as a reaction medium, H2O2 is used as a green oxidizing agent, the system is endowed with excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial production. The invention provides a novel synthesis method which is accurate and controllable, simple in process and free of complex post-treatment for meeting the requirements of high-performance polymers in the fields of petrochemical engineering, biological medicine, water treatment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Fenton reaction catalytic free radical polymerization, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-molecular-weight polymer containing organic acid groups through Fenton reaction catalysis. Technical Background

[0002] Free radical polymerizable monomers containing carboxyl and sulfonic acid organic acid groups, such as (meth) acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 4-vinylbenzoic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, 2-fluoroacrylic acid, 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid, etc., can be used to prepare polymers containing organic acid groups, which are then widely used in the synthesis of anionic polyelectrolytes. Such polymers containing organic acid groups have a wide range of applications in water treatment, detergents, papermaking, oil fields, and biomedicine due to their excellent hydrophilicity, chelation, dispersibility, and biocompatibility. Such polymers with both high molecular weight and low dispersity can significantly improve the performance of biomedical materials, high-efficiency water treatment, oilfield chemicals, and precision coatings, but existing synthesis technologies make it difficult to simultaneously achieve these two key indicators of "high molecular weight and low dispersity." Traditional free radical polymerization methods lack effective control over molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, making it impossible to prepare polymers with low dispersity, precise molecular weight, and topological structures (such as block and star structures), limiting their performance improvements and high-value-added applications in many fields.

[0003] Living / controlled radical polymerization (CRP) technology can obtain low-dispersion, structurally controllable polymers containing organic acid groups, but currently used methods such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), nitroxide-stabilized radical polymerization (NMP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization are unable to obtain high-molecular-weight polymers containing organic acid groups.

[0004] The Fenton reaction (ferrocene derivative / H2O2 catalytic system) can efficiently generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in aqueous solution. It has the advantages of being green, economical and mild in conditions. In theory, it provides an ideal path for the RAFT polymerization of water-soluble organic acid monomers. However, the high concentration of ·OH released explosively by the traditional Fenton system has an extremely short lifetime, resulting in uncontrolled polymerization initiation, aggravated chain termination, low molecular weight of the product, and a significantly widened molecular weight distribution. Existing research on Fenton-catalyzed polymerization mainly focuses on the preparation or surface modification of low molecular weight polymers. However, the realization of controlled RAFT polymerization under mild aqueous conditions through Fenton catalysis and the synthesis of high molecular weight, narrowly distributed organic acid-containing polymers is still a technical gap. Therefore, the development of a new Fenton catalytic system that can precisely control the kinetics (rate and concentration) of ·OH generation has become the key to breaking through the bottleneck of existing polymerization technology and realizing the controllable synthesis of low-dispersity high molecular weight anionic polyelectrolytes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of the Fenton reaction. Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown.

[0006] The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of the Fenton reaction of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) A ferrocene derivative, a monomer containing an organic acid group, a (meth)acrylamide monomer or a (meth)acrylate monomer, and a RAFT agent are sequentially added to water to final concentrations of 0.001 to 0.1 mM, 0.2 to 11.1 M, 0 to 14 M, and 0.002 to 111 mM, respectively. N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is then added as an internal standard for nuclear magnetic resonance analysis to a final concentration of 0.15 to 0.8 mM, and stirred to form a uniform solution.

[0008] (2) deoxygenating the homogeneous solution obtained in step (1) for 5 to 40 minutes under the protection of an inert gas, adding a hydrogen peroxide stock solution to a final concentration of 0.1 to 6 mM; then reacting in a constant temperature water bath at 5 to 60° C. for 1 to 24 hours, and quenching the reaction in air to obtain the high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups.

[0009] In step (1), the molar ratio of the RAFT agent to the monomer containing an organic acid group is 1:100-100000, the molar ratio of the RAFT agent to the ferrocene derivative is 1:0.001-0.5; the molar ratio of the monomer containing an organic acid group to the (meth)acrylamide monomer or the (meth)acrylate monomer is 1:0-99, and the total solid content of the system is 2%-100%.

[0010] The ferrocene derivatives in step (1) include but are not limited to ferrocene, ferrocenylmethanol, 1,1'-ferrocenedimethanol, aminoferrocene, ferrocenylcarboxylic acid, ferrocenylacetic acid, phosphinoferrocene, ethylferrocene, tert-butylferrocene, n-butylferrocene, n-butylferrocene, acetylferrocene, ferrocene bromide, ferrocene butyryl, ferrocene cyanide, octamethylferrocene, benzoylferrocene, 1,1'-dibromoferrocene, 1,1'-dipropylferrocene, 1,1'-dibenzoylferrocene, 1,1'-diethyl Ferrocene, (R)-1-ferrocenylethanol, 1-ferrocenylethanol, cyclohexenylferrocene, cyclopentenylferrocene, 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, 1,1′-ferrocenedimethanol, (S)-1-ferrocenylethanol, 2-ferrocenylbenzimidazole, 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxaldehyde, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene, 1,1′-diacetylferrocene, 1,1′-bis(methoxycarbonyl)ferrocene, (dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene, (ferrocenylmethyl)ethyldimethylammonium bromide, etc.

[0011] The structural formula of the monomer containing an organic acid group in step (1) is shown as one of the following:

[0012]

[0013] The (meth)acrylamide monomers in step (1) are N,N-dimethylacrylamide, acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide, N,N-diethyl acrylamide, N-isopropyl acrylamide, etc., and the (meth)acrylate monomers are 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol methyl ether Acrylates, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl acrylate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl acrylate, (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride, triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, methacrylate (2-ethoxyethyl), polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, etc.

[0014] The RAFT agent in step (1) is a trithiocarbonate (such as 4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)thiocarbonyl)thio)-4-cyanopentanoic acid), a dithiobenzoate, a dithiocarbamate, or a xanthate;

[0015] The hydrogen peroxide stock solution in step (2) can be hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide complex, or hydrogen peroxide generated in situ by chemical reaction.

[0016] The method of the present invention has the following advantages: first, the ferrocene derivative / H2O2 Fenton catalytic system adopted in the present invention can achieve controlled release and efficient utilization of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in a mild aqueous solution, solving the problem of runaway polymerization caused by the explosive generation of ·OH in the traditional Fenton reaction; second, the present invention can successfully synthesize polymers containing organic acid groups with narrow distribution and ultra-high molecular weight, such as polymethacrylic acid with a measured number average molecular weight of 1400 kg / mol and a dispersity as low as 1.36 (24-hour monomer conversion rate of 99%), and copolymers containing carboxylic acid groups, such as poly(methacrylic acid-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide), with a molecular weight of up to 1290 kg / mol. This method not only breaks through the bottleneck of controllable synthesis of narrow-distribution ultra-high molecular weight polymers containing organic acid groups, avoids the metal catalyst residues of ATRP and the high temperature conditions required by NMP, but also uses water as the reaction medium and H2O2 as a green oxidant, giving the system excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. It provides a new synthesis method that is precisely controllable, simple in process, and does not require complex post-processing to meet the needs of high-performance polymers in the fields of petrochemicals, biomedicine, and water treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a fluorescence test chart for judging the generation of hydroxyl radicals in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 is the H NMR spectrum of the polymer solution obtained in Example 2;

[0019] Figure 3 is the gel permeation chromatography elution curve of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer prepared in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 4 is the H NMR spectrum of the polymer solution obtained in Example 3;

[0021] Figure 5 is the H NMR spectrum of the copolymer solution obtained in Example 4;

[0022] Figure 6 is the gel permeation chromatography elution curve of the ultra-high molecular weight copolymer obtained in Example 4;

[0023] Figure 7 is the H NMR spectrum of the copolymer solution obtained in Example 5;

[0024] Figure 8 is the H NMR spectrum of the copolymer solution obtained in Example 6;

[0025] Figure 9 The reaction formula for producing a polymer containing organic acid groups with narrow distribution and high molecular weight by catalysis of Fenton reaction;

[0026] Figure 10 This is the reaction formula for producing narrow distribution, high molecular weight copolymers containing organic acid groups by catalysis of the Fenton reaction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Fenton reaction catalyzes the generation of hydroxyl radicals: Ferrocene methanol (17.5 mg, 0.08 μmol) and the hydroxyl radical fluorescent probe coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (0.4 mg, 1 mM) were added to a cuvette containing 2 mL of acetic acid solution (pH 2.55). The fluorescent probe did not affect the generation process and amount of hydroxyl radicals. After the reaction system was fully dissolved and mixed, it was deoxygenated with argon for 40 minutes. Subsequently, 10 μL of hydrogen peroxide solution (0.275 mg, 8 μmol) was injected into the cuvette using a microsyringe. The reaction system was placed in a fluorescence spectrometer (excitation wavelength 370 nm) to monitor the generation of hydroxyl radicals in real time.

[0030] Experimental test analysis: Fluorescence test results ( Figure 1 ) showed that the fluorescence intensity of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid continued to increase with reaction time, confirming that the reaction system continuously generates hydroxyl radicals. Under the selected ferrocenium methanol concentration, hydroxyl radical production continued for 10 hours, demonstrating the potential of this catalytic system to continuously drive the synthesis of high-molecular-weight polymethacrylic acid under mild conditions.

[0031] Example 2

[0032]

[0033] Production of ultrahigh molecular weight polymethacrylic acid (UHMWPA) catalyzed by the Fenton reaction (ferrocenemethanol / hydrogen peroxide): To a 2 mL reaction vial, a RAFT reagent (4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)carbonylthio)thio)-4-cyanovaleric acid, 0.03 mg, 0.093 mmol), methacrylic acid (0.23997 g, 2.8 mmol), ferrocenemethanol (7.02 μg, 0.033 μmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 40 μL, used as an internal standard for NMR analysis) were added sequentially. Water was then added to bring the total reaction volume to 780 μL. After thorough dissolution and mixing, the polymerization solution was deoxygenated with argon for 40 minutes. Subsequently, hydrogen peroxide solution (20 μL, 0.11 mg, 3.2 μmol) was injected via a microsyringe to initiate polymerization. The vial was sealed and placed in a 30°C water bath for the reaction. After 24 hours, the reaction flask was opened and the gel polymer was exposed to air to quench the reaction, yielding a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups (0.24 g). A small sample was taken and analyzed using H NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography to determine the monomer conversion, absolute molecular weight, and dispersity of the polymer. Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0034] Experimental test analysis: Through nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum test, it can be seen (see Figure 2 ), after 24 hours of reaction, 99% of the methacrylic acid monomer was converted into polymethacrylic acid polymer, indicating that the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction (ferrocenylmethanol / hydrogen peroxide) can be used to initiate controlled radical polymerization to produce polymers. The absolute molecular weight of the obtained polymer was measured by gel permeation chromatography equipped with a differential refractive index and a multi-angle light scattering laser detector. The results showed that the actual molecular weight of the obtained polymer was 1400 kg / mol and its dispersion was 1.36 (see Figure 3 ).

[0035] Example 3

[0036]

[0037] Production of polymethacrylic acid using the Fenton reaction ((dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene / hydrogen peroxide) catalyzed by the following method: To a 2 mL reaction vial, a RAFT reagent (4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)carbonylthio)thio)-4-cyanopentanoic acid, 0.03 mg, 0.093 mmol), methacrylic acid (0.23997 g, 2.8 mmol), (dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene (0.179 mg, 0.83 μmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 40 μL, used as an internal standard for NMR analysis) were added sequentially. Water was then added to bring the total reaction volume to 780 μL. After thorough dissolution and mixing, the polymerization solution was deoxygenated with argon for 40 minutes. Subsequently, hydrogen peroxide solution (20 μL, 0.11 mg, 3.2 μmol) was injected via a microsyringe to initiate polymerization. The vial was sealed and placed in a 30°C water bath for the reaction. After 6 hours, the reaction bottle was opened and the polymer was exposed to air to quench the reaction, and a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups (0.084 g) was obtained. A small sample was taken and subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to obtain the monomer conversion rate, see Figure 4 .

[0038] Experimental test analysis: Through nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum test, it can be seen (see Figure 4 ), after 6 hours of reaction, 35% of the methacrylic acid monomer was converted into polymethacrylic acid polymer, which shows that the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction ((dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene / hydrogen peroxide) can be used to initiate controlled radical polymerization to produce polymers.

[0039] Example 4

[0040]

[0041] Fenton reaction (ferrocenemethanol / hydrogen peroxide) catalyzed production of a high molecular weight copolymer (polymethacrylic acid-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide, PMAA-co-PDMA): To a 2 mL reaction vial, a RAFT reagent (4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)carbonylthio)thio)-4-cyanovaleric acid, 0.054 mg, 0.175 μmol), methacrylic acid (M1, 0.1457 g, 1.7 mmol), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (M2, 0.1042 g, 1.43 mmol), ferrocenemethanol (12 μg, 0.06 μmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 40 μL, used as an internal standard for NMR analysis) were added sequentially. Water was then added to bring the total reaction volume to 780 μL. After thorough dissolution and mixing, the polymerization solution was deoxygenated with argon for 40 minutes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide solution (20 μL, 0.08 mg, 2.25 μmol) was injected using a microsyringe to initiate polymerization. The polymerization bottle was sealed and placed in a constant temperature water bath at 30°C for reaction. After 24 hours, the reaction bottle was opened to expose the gel polymer to air to quench the reaction, and a high molecular weight copolymer containing organic acid groups (0.24 g) was obtained. A small sample was taken and analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography to obtain the monomer conversion rate, absolute molecular weight and dispersity of the polymer, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0042] Experimental test analysis: Through nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum test, it can be seen (see Figure 5 ), after 24 hours of reaction, the conversion rates of methacrylic acid monomer and N,N-dimethylacrylamide monomer were both greater than 99%, indicating that the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction (ferrocenylmethanol / hydrogen peroxide) can be used to initiate controlled radical polymerization to form copolymers. The absolute molecular weight of the obtained polymer was measured by gel permeation chromatography equipped with differential refractive index and multi-angle light scattering laser detector. The results showed that the actual molecular weight of the obtained polymer was 1290 kg / mol (see Figure 6 ).

[0043] Example 5

[0044]

[0045] Fenton reaction (ferrocenemethanol / hydrogen peroxide) catalyzed production of copolymer (polyacrylic acid-co-acrylamide, PAA-co-PAM): To a 100 mL round-bottom flask, the following were added: a RAFT reagent (4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)carbonylthio)thio)-4-cyanovaleric acid, 0.003 g, 9.8 μmol), acrylic acid (M1, 2.6518 g, 0.0368 mol), acrylamide (M2, 7.8451 g, 0.1104 mol), ferrocenemethanol (0.318 mg, 1.472 μmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 300 μL, used as an internal standard for NMR analysis). Water was then added to bring the total reaction volume to 34.96 mL. After thorough dissolution and mixing, the polymerization solution was deoxygenated under argon for 40 minutes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide solution (40 μL, 3.38 mg, 0.1 mmol) was injected using a microsyringe to initiate polymerization. The polymerization bottle was sealed and placed in a constant temperature water bath at 30°C for reaction. After 24 hours, the reaction bottle was opened to expose the gel polymer to air to quench the reaction, and a high molecular weight copolymer containing organic acid groups (10.5 g) was obtained. A small sample was taken and analyzed using nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy to obtain the monomer conversion rate (see Figure 7 ).

[0046] Experimental test analysis: Through nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum test, it can be seen (see Figure 7 ), after 24 hours of reaction, the conversion rates of acrylic acid monomer and acrylamide monomer were 98% and 95%, respectively, which shows that the hydroxyl radicals catalyzed by the Fenton reaction (ferrocenium methanol / hydrogen peroxide) can be used to initiate controlled radical polymerization to form copolymers.

[0047] Example 6

[0048]

[0049] Fenton reaction (ferrocenemethanol / hydrogen peroxide) catalyzed production of copolymer (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-acrylamide, PAMPS-co-PAM): In a 2 mL reaction vial, RAFT reagent (4-((((2-carboxyethyl)thio)carbonylthio)thio)-4-cyanovaleric acid, 0.063 mg, 0.205 μmol), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (M1, 0.208 g, 0.0368 mol), acrylamide (M2, 0.0319 g, 0.154 mmol), ferrocenemethanol (4.44 μg, 0.021 μmol) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 40 μL, as an internal standard for NMR analysis) were added in sequence, and then water was added to make the total reaction volume 780 μL. After sufficient dissolution and mixing, the polymerization solution was deoxygenated under an argon atmosphere for 40 minutes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide solution (20 μL, 0.038 mg, 1.122 μmol) was injected using a microsyringe to initiate polymerization. The polymerization bottle was sealed and placed in a 30°C constant temperature water bath for reaction. After 24 hours, the reaction bottle was opened to expose the polymer to air to quench the reaction, and a high molecular weight copolymer containing organic acid groups (0.24 g) was obtained. A small portion of the sample was taken and analyzed using nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy to obtain the monomer conversion rate (see Figure 8 ).

[0050] Experimental test analysis: Through nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum test, it can be seen (see Figure 8 ), after 24 hours of reaction, the conversion rates of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid monomer and acrylamide monomer were 85% and 93%, respectively, which shows that the hydroxyl radicals catalyzed by the Fenton reaction (ferrocenium methanol / hydrogen peroxide) can be used to initiate controlled radical polymerization to form copolymers.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of the Fenton reaction, comprising the following steps: (1) A ferrocene derivative, a monomer containing an organic acid group, a (meth)acrylamide monomer or a (meth)acrylate monomer, and a RAFT agent are sequentially added to water to a final concentration of 0.001 to 0.1 mM, 0.2 to 11.1 mM, 0 to 14 mM, and 0.002 to 111 mM, respectively. N,N-dimethylformamide is then added as an internal standard for nuclear magnetic resonance analysis to a final concentration of 0.15 to 0.8 mM, and stirred to form a uniform solution. (2) deoxygenating the homogeneous solution obtained in step (1) for 5 to 40 minutes under the protection of an inert gas, adding a hydrogen peroxide stock solution to a final concentration of 0.1 to 6 mM; then reacting in a constant temperature water bath at 5 to 60° C. for 1 to 24 hours, and quenching the reaction in air to obtain a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups.

2. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the molar ratio of the RAFT agent to the monomer containing an organic acid group is 1:100-100000, the molar ratio of the RAFT agent to the ferrocene derivative is 1:0.001-0.5; the molar ratio of the monomer containing an organic acid group to the (meth)acrylamide monomer or the (meth)acrylate monomer is 1:0-99, and the total solid content of the system is 2%-100%.

3. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ferrocene derivative in step (1) is ferrocene, ferrocenylmethanol, 1,1′-ferrocenyl dimethanol, aminoferrocene, ferrocenylcarboxylic acid, ferrocenylacetic acid, phosphinoferrocene, ethylferrocene, tert-butylferrocene, n-butylferrocene, n-butylferrocene, acetylferrocene, ferrocene bromide butyryl ferrocene, cyanoferrocene, octamethylferrocene, benzoylferrocene, 1,1′-dibromoferrocene, 1,1′-dipropylferrocene, 1,1′-dibenzoylferrocene, 1,1′-diethylferrocene , (R)-1-ferrocenylethanol, 1-ferrocenylethanol, cyclohexenylferrocene, cyclopentenylferrocene, 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, 1,1′-ferrocenedimethanol, (S)-1-ferrocenylethanol, 2-ferrocenylbenzimidazole, 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxaldehyde, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene, 1,1′-diacetylferrocene, 1,1′-bis(methoxycarbonyl)ferrocene, (dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene, one of (ferrocenylmethyl)ethyldimethylammonium bromide.

4. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural formula of the monomer containing an organic acid group in step (1) is shown as one of the following:

5. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The (meth)acrylamide monomer in step (1) is one of N,N-dimethylacrylamide, acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide, N,N-diethyl acrylamide, and N-isopropyl acrylamide; the (meth)acrylate monomer is 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol methyl ether One of acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl acrylate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl acrylate, (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride, triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, (2-ethoxyethyl) methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate.

6. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RAFT agent in step (1) is one of trithiocarbonates, dithiobenzoates, dithiocarbamates, and xanthates.

7. The method for preparing a high molecular weight polymer containing organic acid groups by catalysis of a Fenton reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen peroxide stock solution in step (2) is one of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide complex, and hydrogen peroxide generated in situ by chemical reaction.

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