Particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear driving

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction testing, in particular to a particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shearing driving, and solves the problems that in the existing particle friction testing process during metal powder machining, complex shearing working conditions in actual particle flow machining are inconvenient to simulate, the testing effect is influenced, the simulated shearing working conditions are single, and the testing efficiency is high. The device comprises a rotary pressing mechanism and a filling monitoring mechanism, the rotary pressing mechanism comprises a motor, the output end of the motor is provided with a coupling, the bottom end of the coupling is provided with a transmission shaft, and the outer side of the upper end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected with a torque sensor. Controllable superposition of plane and annular composite shearing can be realized through three testing modes of flat shearing, ring shearing and mixing of flat shearing and ring shearing, a multidirectional shearing coupling effect in a complex process can be truly simulated, and rheological characteristics and friction evolution rules of particulate matters under different shearing conditions can be comprehensively revealed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction testing, in particular to a particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive. Background Art

[0002] While metal powder processing, powder metallurgy, and powder rolling and extrusion processes have demonstrated unique advantages in the field of high-end equipment, they still face a series of technical bottlenecks and defects that restrict their further development and application. For example, in the metal powder processing process, there are difficulties in raw material handling, such as insufficient powder fluidity and poor mixing uniformity. Powder metallurgy product parts face forming defects such as uneven pressing density distribution, high residual porosity, and demolding damage. Powder rolling and extrusion processes have key technical obstacles such as insufficient interface bonding strength and poor surface quality.

[0003] The underlying reasons can all be attributed to the precise control of particle flow friction performance, which is specifically manifested in the following three key dimensions: inter-particle friction behavior directly affects powder flow characteristics, particle-die interface friction determines forming uniformity, and dynamic friction characteristics affect final product quality.

[0004] The existing particle friction test process during metal powder processing is not convenient for simulating the complex shear conditions in actual particle flow processing, which in turn affects the test effect. In addition, the simulated shear conditions are single, resulting in deviations in the test results. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, we propose a particle flow friction test device that supports multi-mode shear drive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a particle flow friction testing device that supports multi-mode shear drive, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that the existing particle friction test process during metal powder processing is not convenient for simulating the complex shear conditions in the actual processing of particle flow, thereby affecting the test effect, and the simulated shear conditions are single, resulting in deviations in the test results.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive, comprising a rotary pressing mechanism and a filling monitoring mechanism, wherein the rotary pressing mechanism comprises a motor, a coupling is mounted on the output end of the motor, a transmission shaft is mounted on the bottom end of the coupling, a torque sensor is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper end of the transmission shaft, a spline shaft is mounted on the outer side of the bottom end of the transmission shaft, a retainer is mounted on the outer side of the spline shaft, and a shear ring plate is mounted on the bottom end of the retainer;

[0007] A filling monitoring mechanism is installed below the rotary pressing mechanism, and the filling monitoring mechanism includes a center positioning base, a normal sensor is installed in the middle of the upper end surface of the center positioning base, a connecting disk is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the normal sensor, a bearing positioning plate is installed on the upper end surface of the connecting disk, a particle filling box is installed on the upper end surface of the bearing positioning plate, a shear sleeve is rotatably connected to the inner side of the particle filling box, and a spline inner sleeve is installed on the inner side of the shear sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, a downward pressing mechanism is installed at the upper end of the rotary pressing mechanism, and a supporting mechanism is installed on the outer side of the downward pressing mechanism. The supporting mechanism includes a supporting base plate, and two guide columns are fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the supporting base plate. A triangular support frame is fixedly installed on the rear end surface of the guide column, and a fixed beam is fixedly installed on the upper end of the two guide columns.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing mechanism includes a movable beam, both ends of the movable beam are equipped with electric cylinders, and both ends of the upper end surface of the movable beam are provided with contact displacement sensors.

[0010] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the opposite side of the two guide columns, both ends of the movable beam are inserted into the inner side of the slide groove, both ends of the movable beam are slidingly connected to the two guide columns, and the fixed beam is fixedly connected to the two contact displacement sensors through a side bolt structure.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom ends of the two contact displacement sensors pass through the fixed beam and are in contact with the upper end surface of the movable beam, the two ends of the movable beam are fixedly connected to the output ends of the two electric cylinders, the supporting base is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two electric cylinders, and the two electric cylinders are symmetrically installed relative to the central positioning base.

[0012] Preferably, the motor is fixedly connected to the middle part of the movable crossbeam, the output end of the motor passes through the movable crossbeam and is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft through a coupling, a locking knob is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the spline shaft, the bottom end of the transmission shaft passes through the torque sensor and the retaining frame in sequence and is detachably connected to the spline shaft through a locking knob, the transmission shaft and the retaining frame are rotatably connected through a bearing, the bottom end of the retaining frame is fixedly connected to the shear ring plate, the spline shaft is located in the middle part of the shear ring plate, and the lower end face of the shear ring plate is perpendicular to the axis of the spline shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting base plate is fixedly connected to the sensor through a central positioning base, a bearing is provided between the middle of the particle filling box and the bearing positioning plate, the particle filling box and the bearing positioning plate are rotatably connected to the shear sleeve through the bearing, the bottom end of the shear sleeve passes through the particle filling box and the bearing and is inserted between the bearing positioning plate and the connecting disk, and the particle filling box, the bearing positioning plate and the connecting disk are fixedly connected.

[0014] Preferably, the shear sleeve is fixedly connected to the spline inner sleeve, and the spline inner sleeve is coaxial with the spline shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention uniformly fills the test particles between the particle filling box and the shear sleeve to form a test filling body. The two electric cylinders drive the rotary pressing mechanism to move vertically downward by moving the crossbeam, and then the spline shaft is inserted into the inner side of the spline inner sleeve to keep the spline shaft and the spline inner sleeve engaged and installed. The retainer drives the shear ring plate to fit and contact the upper end surface of the test filling body and apply initial normal pressure to maintain the tight contact between the shear ring plate and the test filling body.

[0017] 2. The motor of the present invention drives the spline shaft to rotate on the inner side of the shear ring plate through the coupling and the transmission shaft, and then the spline shaft synchronously drives the shear sleeve to rotate relative to the particle filling box through the spline inner sleeve. When the shear sleeve and the test filling body rotate relative to each other, a ring shearing effect can be applied to the particle flow, thereby realizing a ring shearing operation on the particle flow, separating the retaining frame from the bearing and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and at the same time separating the transmission shaft from the spline shaft, the transmission shaft drives the shear ring plate to rotate relative to the upper end face of the particle flow through the retaining frame, thereby realizing a horizontal shearing operation on the particle flow, and on the basis of the horizontal shearing, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the spline shaft, so that during the rotation of the transmission shaft, the retaining frame and the spline shaft can synchronously drive the shear ring plate and the shear sleeve to rotate, thereby realizing a mixed synchronous operation of horizontal shearing and ring shearing on the particle flow;

[0018] 3. In the present invention, during the horizontal shear, ring shear and mixed horizontal shear and ring shear tests, the particles flow and change the volume fraction of the initial filling state and the spatial density of the particles, causing the volume of the test filling body to expand or contract, resulting in an increase or decrease in the normal load. In order to maintain the stability of the normal load, the vertical displacement of the moving beam is driven by the electric cylinder, which drives the rotary pressing mechanism to move up and down, so that the normal load maintains a constant value, keeps the normal load stable during the particle flow shear test, and continuously monitors the normal pressure through the normal sensor, calculates the friction coefficient and characterizes the friction characteristics, so as to adapt to the discrete characteristics of the granular material and make real-time adjustments according to the expansion or contraction of the filling body volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0020] Figure 2 A front view of the present invention as a whole;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary pressing mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the filling monitoring mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Support mechanism; 101. Support base plate; 102. Guide column; 103. Triangular support frame; 104. Fixed beam; 2. Pressing mechanism; 201. Contact displacement sensor; 202. Moving beam; 203. Electric cylinder; 3. Rotary pressing mechanism; 301. Motor; 302. Coupling; 303. Torque sensor; 304. Retaining frame; 305. Drive shaft; 306. Spline shaft; 307. Shear ring plate; 4. Filling monitoring mechanism; 401. Center positioning base; 402. Particle filling box; 403. Shear sleeve; 404. Spline inner sleeve; 405. Bearing positioning plate; 406. Connecting plate; 407. Normal sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] The electric cylinder 203 (model HTKC-35) and the motor 301 (model GV50-3.7KW-60-S) mentioned in the present invention can be purchased from the market or customized.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides: a particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive, including a rotary pressing mechanism 3 and a filling monitoring mechanism 4, the upper end of the rotary pressing mechanism 3 is equipped with a pressing mechanism 2, the outer side of the pressing mechanism 2 is equipped with a supporting mechanism 1, the supporting mechanism 1 includes a supporting base plate 101, the upper end surface of the supporting base plate 101 is fixedly equipped with two guide columns 102, the rear end surface of the guide column 102 is fixedly equipped with a triangular support frame 103, the upper end of the two guide columns 102 is fixedly equipped with a fixed beam 104, and the support mechanism 1 facilitates stable support during the overall test.

[0029] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6, a filling monitoring mechanism 4 is installed below the rotating pressing mechanism 3, and the filling monitoring mechanism 4 includes a center positioning base 401, and a normal sensor 407 is installed in the middle of the upper end surface of the center positioning base 401. The supporting bottom plate 101 and the sensor 407 are fixedly connected through the center positioning base 401, and a connecting disk 406 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the normal sensor 407. A bearing positioning plate 405 is installed on the upper end surface of the connecting disk 406, and a particle filling box 402 is installed on the upper end surface of the bearing positioning plate 405. The particle filling box 402, the bearing positioning plate 405 and the connecting disk 406 are fixedly connected, and the inner side of the particle filling box 402 is rotatably connected to the shear sleeve 403, which facilitates filling of particles through the particle filling box 402 and the shear sleeve 403;

[0030] A bearing is provided between the middle part of the particle filling box 402 and the bearing positioning plate 405. The particle filling box 402 and the bearing positioning plate 405 are rotatably connected to the shear sleeve 403 through the bearing. The bottom end of the shear sleeve 403 passes through the particle filling box 402 and the bearing and is inserted between the bearing positioning plate 405 and the connecting plate 406. A spline inner sleeve 404 is installed on the inner side of the shear sleeve 403. The shear sleeve 403 is fixedly connected to the spline inner sleeve 404, so that the shear sleeve 403 bearing rotates relative to the particle filling box 402 to facilitate the ring shear test of the particle flow.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 3 The downward pressing mechanism 2 includes a moving beam 202. The two guide columns 102 are provided with a slide groove on the opposite side. Both ends of the moving beam 202 are plugged into the inner side of the slide groove. Both ends of the moving beam 202 are slidably connected to the two guide columns 102. Electric cylinders 203 are installed at both ends of the moving beam 202. The supporting base 101 is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two electric cylinders 203. The two electric cylinders 203 are symmetrically installed relative to the central positioning base 401. Contact displacement sensors 201 are provided at both ends of the upper end surface of the moving beam 202. The fixed beam 104 is fixedly connected to the two contact displacement sensors 201 through a side bolt structure. The bottom ends of the two contact displacement sensors 201 pass through the fixed beam 104 and are in contact with the upper end surface of the movable beam 202. The two ends of the movable beam 202 are fixedly connected to the output ends of the two electric cylinders 203, so that the electric cylinders 203 drive the rotary pressing mechanism 3 to move vertically downward through the movable beam 202 and realize pressurization of the particles. At the same time, the contact displacement sensor 201 is used to facilitate monitoring of the displacement of the rotary pressing mechanism 3.

[0032] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5The rotary pressing mechanism 3 includes a motor 301, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the moving beam 202. A coupling 302 is installed at the output end of the motor 301, and a transmission shaft 305 is installed at the bottom end of the coupling 302. The output end of the motor 301 passes through the moving beam 202 and is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 305 through the coupling 302. The outer side of the upper end of the transmission shaft 305 is rotatably connected to the torque sensor 303. A spline shaft 306 is installed at the outer side of the bottom end of the transmission shaft 305. The spline inner bushing 404 is coaxial with the spline shaft 306. A retaining frame 304 is installed on the outer side of the spline shaft 306. A locking knob is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the spline shaft 306. The bottom end of the dynamic shaft 305 passes through the torque sensor 303 and the retaining frame 304 in sequence and is detachably connected to the spline shaft 306 through a locking knob. The transmission shaft 305 is rotatably connected to the retaining frame 304 through a bearing. A shear ring plate 307 is installed at the bottom end of the retaining frame 304. The bottom end of the retaining frame 304 is fixedly connected to the shear ring plate 307. The spline shaft 306 is located in the middle of the shear ring plate 307. The lower end face of the shear ring plate 307 is perpendicular to the axis of the spline shaft 306. By adjusting the connection mode between the transmission shaft 305, the retaining frame 304 and the spline shaft 306, the mode of the particle friction shear test can be switched during the rotation of the transmission shaft 305.

[0033] In summary: when testing particle flow friction, the test particles are evenly filled between the particle filling box 402 and the shear sleeve 403 to form a test filling body, the power is turned on, the transmission shaft 305 and the spline shaft 306 are detachably connected by the locking knob, and the electric cylinder 203 is started, so that the two electric cylinders 203 drive the rotary pressing mechanism 3 to move vertically downward through the moving crossbeam 202 under the support of the support base 101, and then the motor 301 synchronously drives the torque sensor 303, the retaining frame 304, the spline shaft 306 and the shear ring plate 307 through the coupling 302 and the transmission shaft 305. When the spline shaft 306 moves downward, it is inserted into the inner side of the spline inner bushing 404, and the spline shaft 306 and the spline inner bushing 404 are kept engaged and installed. At this time, the retaining frame 304 drives the shear ring plate 307 to fit in contact with the upper end surface of the test filling body and apply initial normal pressure to maintain the contact tightness between the shear ring plate 307 and the test filling body;

[0034] Then, the motor 301 is started, so that the motor 301 drives the spline shaft 306 to rotate on the inner side of the shear ring plate 307 through the coupling 302 and the transmission shaft 305, and then the spline shaft 306 synchronously drives the shear sleeve 403 to rotate relative to the particle filling box 402 through the spline inner bushing 404, and the retaining frame 304 bearing rotates relative to the transmission shaft 305 to keep the shear ring plate 307 and the test filling body relatively stable. At this time, when the shear sleeve 403 and the test filling body rotate relative to each other, a ring shearing effect can be applied to the particle flow, thereby realizing a ring shearing operation on the particle flow;

[0035] The retainer 304 is separated from the bearing and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 305. At the same time, the transmission shaft 305 is separated from the spline shaft 306. Then, when the motor 301 drives the transmission shaft 305 through the coupling 302, the transmission shaft 305 drives the shear ring plate 307 to rotate relative to the upper end surface of the particle flow through the retainer 304, thereby achieving a horizontal shearing operation on the particle flow.

[0036] On the basis of horizontal shearing, the transmission shaft 305 and the spline shaft 306 are connected again through the locking knob, so that during the rotation of the transmission shaft 305, the retaining frame 304 and the spline shaft 306 can synchronously drive the shear ring plate 307 and the shear sleeve 403 to rotate. At this time, the particle flow rotates synchronously with the shear ring plate 307 and the shear sleeve 403, realizing the synchronous operation of horizontal shearing and ring shearing on the particle flow;

[0037] During the horizontal shear, ring shear, and mixed horizontal shear and ring shear tests, the particles flow, changing the volume fraction of the initial filling state and the spatial density of the particles, causing the volume of the test filling body to expand or contract, resulting in an increase or decrease in the normal load. In order to maintain the stability of the normal load, the electric cylinder 203 drives the vertical displacement of the moving beam 202, driving the rotary pressing mechanism 3 to move up and down, so that the normal load is maintained at a constant value, keeping the normal load stable during the particle flow shear test. The normal pressure is continuously monitored by the normal sensor 407, and the friction coefficient is calculated and the friction characteristics are characterized to adapt to the discrete characteristics of the granular material and make real-time adjustments according to the expansion or contraction of the filling body volume. The three test modes of horizontal shear, ring shear, and mixed horizontal shear and ring shear can achieve controllable superposition of plane and annular composite shear, and truly simulate the multi-directional shear coupling effect in complex processes, providing a new test method for characterizing the friction performance of granular materials, and can fully reveal the rheological properties and friction evolution laws of granular materials under different shear conditions.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive, comprising a rotary pressing mechanism (3) and a filling monitoring mechanism (4), characterized in that: The rotary pressing mechanism (3) comprises a motor (301), a coupling (302) is installed at the output end of the motor (301), a transmission shaft (305) is installed at the bottom end of the coupling (302), a torque sensor (303) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper end of the transmission shaft (305), a spline shaft (306) is installed at the outer side of the bottom end of the transmission shaft (305), a retaining frame (304) is installed at the outer side of the spline shaft (306), and a shear ring plate (307) is installed at the bottom end of the retaining frame (304); A filling monitoring mechanism (4) is installed below the rotary pressing mechanism (3), and the filling monitoring mechanism (4) includes a center positioning base (401), a normal sensor (407) is installed in the middle of the upper end surface of the center positioning base (401), a connecting disk (406) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the normal sensor (407), a bearing positioning plate (405) is installed on the upper end surface of the connecting disk (406), a particle filling box (402) is installed on the upper end surface of the bearing positioning plate (405), a shear sleeve (403) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the particle filling box (402), and a spline inner bushing (404) is installed on the inner side of the shear sleeve (403).

2. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing mechanism (2) is installed at the upper end of the rotary pressing mechanism (3), and a supporting mechanism (1) is installed on the outer side of the pressing mechanism (2). The supporting mechanism (1) comprises a supporting base plate (101), two guide columns (102) are fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the supporting base plate (101), a triangular supporting frame (103) is fixedly installed on the rear end surface of the guide columns (102), and a fixed crossbeam (104) is fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two guide columns (102).

3. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (2) comprises a movable crossbeam (202), both ends of the movable crossbeam (202) are equipped with electric cylinders (203), and both ends of the upper end surface of the movable crossbeam (202) are equipped with contact displacement sensors (201).

4. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slide groove is provided on one side of the two guide columns (102) facing each other, both ends of the movable beam (202) are plugged into the inner side of the slide groove, both ends of the movable beam (202) are slidably connected to the two guide columns (102), and the fixed beam (104) is fixedly connected to the two contact displacement sensors (201) via a side bolt structure.

5. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the two contact displacement sensors (201) pass through the fixed beam (104) and are in contact with the upper end surface of the movable beam (202); the two ends of the movable beam (202) are fixedly connected to the output ends of the two electric cylinders (203); the supporting base plate (101) is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two electric cylinders (203); and the two electric cylinders (203) are symmetrically installed relative to the central positioning base (401).

6. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motor (301) is fixedly connected to the middle of the movable crossbeam (202); the output end of the motor (301) passes through the movable crossbeam (202) and is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft (305) through a coupling (302); a locking knob is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the spline shaft (306); the bottom end of the transmission shaft (305) passes through the torque sensor (303) and the retaining frame (304) in sequence and is detachably connected to the spline shaft (306) through the locking knob; the transmission shaft (305) and the retaining frame (304) are rotatably connected through a bearing; the bottom end of the retaining frame (304) is fixedly connected to a shear ring plate (307); the spline shaft (306) is located in the middle of the shear ring plate (307); and the lower end surface of the shear ring plate (307) is perpendicular to the axis of the spline shaft (306).

7. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting base plate (101) is fixedly connected to the sensor (407) via a central positioning base (401); a bearing is provided between the middle of the particle filling box (402) and the bearing positioning plate (405); the particle filling box (402), the bearing positioning plate (405) and the shearing sleeve (403) are rotatably connected via the bearing; the bottom end of the shearing sleeve (403) passes through the particle filling box (402) and the bearing and is plugged between the bearing positioning plate (405) and the connecting plate (406); the particle filling box (402), the bearing positioning plate (405) and the connecting plate (406) are fixedly connected.

8. The particle flow friction testing device supporting multi-mode shear drive according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shear sleeve (403) is fixedly connected to the spline inner sleeve (404), and the spline inner sleeve (404) is coaxial with the spline shaft (306).

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