Battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery pack comprises a box body, a battery module and a cooling plate, the box body comprises an immersion cavity; the battery module is arranged in the immersion cavity and comprises a plurality of battery rows arranged at intervals in the first direction, each battery row comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in the second direction, each battery cell comprises a battery cell main body and a pole, and each battery cell main body comprises a first end face connected with the pole and a second end face away from the pole; the cooling plate is arranged in the immersion cavity and located on one side of the battery row in the first direction, and the cooling plate extends in the second direction and comprises a first cooling flow channel; the cooling plate further comprises a first cooling medium outlet, the first cooling medium outlet communicates with the first cooling flow channel and the immersion cavity, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. The battery pack aims at solving the technical problems that an existing battery pack is poor in cooling efficiency, thermal runaway is prone to occurring, and the service life is short.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage batteries, as a form of electrochemical energy storage, are widely used due to their high energy density, portability, and fast response times. Energy storage batteries generate heat during the charging and discharging process. This heat accumulation can cause the battery's internal temperature to rise. Once the internal temperature exceeds the set limit, it can easily cause the battery to explode, leading to fires and other safety hazards. Therefore, thermal management of energy storage batteries is necessary to promptly dissipate the heat generated by charging and discharging.

[0003] In related technologies, a battery pack is equipped with multiple parallel battery modules. Due to limitations such as space layout, the multiple battery modules are arranged closely together, resulting in poor heat dissipation conditions. The temperature between two battery modules will gradually increase, causing heat accumulation in the battery pack and temperature rise, which in turn affects the performance and life of the battery pack and may even cause thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack and an electrical device, aiming to solve the technical problems in the related art of poor cooling efficiency of the battery pack, prone to thermal runaway, and short service life.

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising: a case including an immersion cavity; a battery module, arranged in the immersion cavity and including a plurality of battery rows spaced apart in a first direction, the battery rows including a plurality of battery cells arranged along a second direction, the battery cells including a battery cell body and a pole, the battery cell body including a first end face connected to the pole and a second end face away from the pole; and a cooling plate, arranged in the immersion cavity and located on one side of the battery row in the first direction, the cooling plate extending along the second direction and including a first cooling channel; wherein the cooling plate also includes a first cooling medium outlet, the first cooling medium outlet being connected to the first cooling channel and the immersion cavity respectively, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. The cooling medium is guided through the cooling plate and then flows into the immersion chamber through the first cooling medium outlet on the cooling plate. By reasonably distributing the flow of the cooling medium, the cooling efficiency in the battery pack is kept consistent, so that the temperature of the entire battery module is kept consistent, avoiding the occurrence of local excessive temperature. The cooling medium flows directly out of the cooling plate and flows into the immersion chamber. The cooling medium flows between the battery modules. The cooling medium is in direct contact with the battery modules and directly cools the battery modules to ensure the uniformity of the temperature of the entire battery pack, avoid the temperature between the battery modules being too high, resulting in the battery pack temperature rising and thermal runaway, thereby improving the service life and safety of the battery pack, thereby solving the technical problems in the related art of poor cooling efficiency of the battery pack, prone to thermal runaway and low service life.

[0006] In some embodiments, the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the first end face is less than the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the second end face. Positioning the first cooling medium outlet near the pole allows the cooling medium to first contact the pole during heat exchange, cooling the pole before cooling the battery cell body. That is, the cooling medium first contacts components with higher temperatures before contacting components with lower temperatures. During the cooling and heat exchange process, the temperature of the entire object can be balanced, ensuring that the temperature of each battery cell remains essentially consistent, thus preventing localized overheating that could affect the battery pack's service life.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cooling plate includes a first side close to the pole and a second side away from the pole, a first cooling medium outlet is opened on the first side, and the distance from the first side to the first end face is less than or equal to the distance from the second side to the first end face, which can ensure that the cooling medium enters the immersion chamber smoothly. During heat exchange, the cooling medium first contacts the pole to cool the pole, and then cools the battery cell body. That is, the cooling medium first contacts the component with higher temperature, and then contacts the component with lower temperature. During the cooling and heat exchange process, it can also balance the temperature of the entire object, so that the temperature of a single battery cell remains basically consistent, avoiding local excessive temperature and affecting the service life of the battery pack.

[0008] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet connected to the first cooling channel; multiple first cooling medium outlets are spaced apart along the second direction; and the size of the first cooling medium outlets increases as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the medium inlet increases. This approach achieves cooling medium flow distribution, resulting in more uniform cooling medium flow at different locations, reducing the likelihood of "cold" and "hot" zones caused by local flow velocity differences.

[0009] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent first cooling medium outlets decreases as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the cooling medium inlet increases, moving away from the cooling medium inlet. This approach achieves cooling medium flow distribution, resulting in a more uniform cooling medium flow at different locations, thereby reducing the likelihood of "cold" and "hot" zones caused by local flow velocity differences.

[0010] In some embodiments, the size of the first cooling channel in the second direction increases as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the cooling medium inlet increases, moving away from the cooling medium inlet. This approach achieves cooling medium flow distribution, resulting in more uniform cooling medium flow at different locations, reducing the likelihood of "cold" and "hot" zones caused by local flow velocity differences.

[0011] In some embodiments, multiple cooling plates are provided, spaced apart along the first direction; the outermost cooling plate is located between the battery cell row and the casing, and the remaining cooling plates are located between two adjacent rows of battery cells. This allows both sides of a battery cell row to be cooled simultaneously, improving cooling efficiency and preventing thermal runaway.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet, which is connected to the plurality of first cooling channels through a connecting pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the two battery rows on both sides of the cooling plate are a first battery row and a second battery row, and the orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet in the battery module falls on the battery cell body of the first battery row in contact with the cooling plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet on the battery module falls between two adjacent battery cells in the second battery row, and the first cooling medium outlets on two adjacent cooling plates are staggered.

[0015] In some embodiments, each battery cell has 2 to 3 first cooling medium outlets around it.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes: a first contour block disposed between the box and the battery module and located at both ends of the battery module in the second direction; and / or a second contour block disposed between the box and the battery module and located at both ends of the battery module in the first direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes: a bracket located on one side of the battery cell and having multiple openings; the pole of each battery cell extends through the corresponding opening; and a cover plate located on the side of the bracket away from the battery cell body and sealed to the box body.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes: a thermally conductive structural adhesive located on a side of the bracket away from the battery cell body and in contact with the plurality of poles; wherein the cover is located on a side of the thermally conductive structural adhesive away from the bracket.

[0019] In some embodiments, the end surface of the pole away from the battery cell body is flush with the end surface of the bracket away from the battery cell body; or the end of the pole away from the battery cell body protrudes from the bracket.

[0020] In some embodiments, both ends of the bracket in the second direction are supported on the first profiling block and / or the second profiling block.

[0021] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes: a bottom plate, the battery module is arranged on the bottom plate; the bottom plate includes a second cooling channel, and the second cooling channel is connected to the immersion chamber.

[0022] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a second cooling medium outlet, which is connected to the second cooling channel and the outside.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cooling plate includes a plurality of curved segments spaced apart along the second direction, and the plurality of curved segments are adapted to the outer circumference of the battery cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cooling plate further includes at least one connecting segment, which is disposed between any two curved segments and connects the two curved segments.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device comprising the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0026] The present application provides a battery pack and an electrical device. The battery pack includes a housing, a battery module, and a cooling plate. The housing includes an immersion chamber. The battery module is disposed in the immersion chamber and includes a plurality of battery rows spaced apart in a first direction. The battery rows include a plurality of battery cells arranged along a second direction. The battery cells include a battery body and a terminal. The battery body includes a first end face connected to the terminal and a second end face away from the terminal. The cooling plate is disposed in the immersion chamber and is located on one side of the battery row. The cooling plate extends along the second direction and includes a first cooling channel. The cooling plate further includes a first cooling medium outlet, which is connected to the first cooling channel and the immersion chamber respectively, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. During the cooling process, the cooling medium is guided through the cooling plate and then flows into the immersion chamber through the first cooling medium outlet on the cooling plate. By reasonably distributing the flow of the cooling medium, the cooling efficiency in the battery pack is kept consistent, so that the temperature of the entire battery module is kept consistent, avoiding the situation where the temperature is too high locally; the cooling medium flows directly out of the cooling plate and flows into the immersion chamber, and the cooling medium flows between the battery modules. The cooling medium is in direct contact with the battery modules and directly cools the battery modules, ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of the entire battery pack, avoiding the temperature between the battery modules being too high, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the battery pack and thermal runaway, thereby improving the service life and safety of the battery pack, thereby solving the technical problems of poor cooling efficiency, easy thermal runaway, and low service life of the battery pack in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the cooling plate, battery module and base plate; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling plate; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow of cooling medium in the battery module; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow of cooling medium in the immersion chamber; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of some embodiments of the cooling plate; Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of the structures of some other embodiments of the cooling plate; Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Top view of the battery pack (excluding the cover, thermal conductive structural adhesive and bracket); Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a module of an electrical device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Explanation of Figure Numbers 1000. Electrical equipment; 100. Battery pack; 10. Housing; 11. Immersion chamber; 12. Cooling medium inlet; 13. Second cooling medium outlet; 20. Battery module; 2. Battery row; 21. Battery cell; 211. Battery cell body; 2111. First end face; 2112. Second end face; 212. Post; 22. First battery cell row; 23. Second battery cell row; 30. Cooling plate; 31. First cooling medium outlet; 32. First cooling channel; 33. Bend section; 34. Connecting section; 301. First side; 302. Second side; 41. First profiling block; 42. Second profiling block; 50. Bracket; 51. Opening; 60. Cover plate; 70. Thermally conductive structural adhesive; 80. Bottom plate; 81. Second cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; and "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device.

[0031] In related technologies, a battery pack is equipped with multiple parallel battery modules. Due to limitations such as space layout, the multiple battery modules are arranged closely together, resulting in poor heat dissipation conditions. The temperature between two battery modules will gradually increase, causing heat accumulation in the battery pack and temperature rise, which in turn affects the performance and life of the battery pack and may even cause thermal runaway.

[0032] In view of this, the present application proposes a battery pack 100, Figures 1 to 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery pack 100 provided in the present application. The battery pack 100 provided in the present application can directly cool the battery module 20 with high cooling efficiency to avoid thermal runaway. The battery pack 100 will be described in detail below in conjunction with the main drawings.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application proposes a battery pack 100, which includes a case 10, a battery module 20 and a cooling plate 30; the case 10 includes an immersion chamber 11; the battery module 20 is arranged in the immersion chamber 11 and includes a plurality of battery rows 2 spaced apart in a first direction, the battery row 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along a second direction, the battery cell 21 includes a battery cell body 211 and a pole 212, the battery cell body 211 includes a first end face 2111 connected to the pole 212 and a second end face 2112 away from the pole 212; the cooling plate 30 is arranged in the immersion chamber 11 and is located on one side of the battery row 2 in the first direction, the cooling plate 30 extends along the second direction and includes a first cooling channel 32; wherein the cooling plate 30 also includes a first cooling medium outlet 31, the first cooling medium outlet 31 is connected to the first cooling channel 32 and the immersion chamber 11 respectively, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0034] In the technical solution of the present application, the battery module 20 is arranged in the immersion chamber 11, the cooling plate 30 is arranged in the immersion chamber 11, and the cooling plate 30 is located on one side of the battery row 2, and a first cooling medium outlet 31 is provided on the cooling plate 30, and the first cooling medium outlet 31 is connected to the first cooling channel 32 and the immersion chamber 11. During the cooling process, the cooling medium is guided through the cooling plate 30 and then flows into the immersion chamber 11 through the first cooling medium outlet 31 on the cooling plate 30. By reasonably distributing the flow of the cooling medium, the cooling efficiency in the battery pack 100 remains consistent, so that the temperature of the entire battery module 20 is maintained. Maintain consistency to avoid local excessive temperature; the cooling medium flows directly out of the cooling plate 30 and into the immersion chamber 11, and the cooling medium flows between the battery modules 20. The cooling medium is in direct contact with the battery modules 20 and directly cools the battery modules 20 to ensure the uniformity of the temperature of the entire battery pack 100, avoid excessive temperature between the battery modules 20, which leads to increased temperature of the battery pack 100 and thermal runaway, and improves the service life and safety of the battery pack 100, thereby solving the technical problems in the related art that the battery pack 100 has poor cooling efficiency, is prone to thermal runaway, and has a short service life.

[0035] Please continue reading Figure 1 The battery pack 100 includes a cooling medium inlet 12 and a second cooling medium outlet 13 , which are formed on the housing 10 . The cooling medium enters the battery pack 100 through the cooling medium inlet 12 to cool the battery modules 20 within the battery pack 100 before flowing out through the second cooling medium outlet 13 . It should be noted that during the cooling process, the temperature of the cooling medium continuously rises as the cooling medium flows, and the temperature of the cooling medium at the cooling medium inlet 12 is lower than that at the second cooling medium outlet 13 . This can lead to inconsistent temperatures among the battery modules 20, making thermal runaway more likely. In the embodiment, a cooling plate 30 is provided in the battery pack 100, and the cooling plate 30 is connected to the cooling medium inlet 12. The cooling medium enters the cooling plate 30, is drained by the cooling plate 30, and then flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 of the cooling plate 30 and flows into the immersion chamber 11. The drainage effect of the cooling plate 30 avoids the unreasonable distribution of the flow of the cooling medium, so that the cooling efficiency of the battery module 20 remains consistent, avoiding local excessive temperature and thermal runaway.

[0036] It should be noted that the type of cooling medium in the above embodiment is not limited and can be selected according to actual application conditions. For example, the cooling medium can be lubricating oil, water, alcohol, alcohol compounds, etc.

[0037] It should be noted that the first direction intersects the second direction, the first direction intersects the third direction, and the second direction intersects the third direction, and the first, second, and third directions are located in different planes. The angles between the first, second, and third directions are not limited and can be 80°, 85°, 90°, 95°, or 100°. In the following embodiments, the angles between the first, second, and third directions are 90°, that is, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established using the first, second, and third directions to illustrate some embodiments of the present application. It should be emphasized that the 90° angles between the first, second, and third directions do not constitute a limitation on the following embodiments of the present application. More specifically, in this embodiment, taking the battery pack 100 as an example, the first direction is the length of the battery pack 100, the second direction is the width of the battery pack 100, and the third direction is the height of the battery pack 100. The following explanation of the battery pack 100 provided in this application will be based on the first direction being the length of the battery pack 100.

[0038] See also Figure 2 The battery module 20 includes a plurality of battery rows 2 spaced apart in a first direction, and the plurality of battery rows 2 can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof; each battery row 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along a second direction, and the plurality of battery cells 21 can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof; each battery cell 21 includes a battery cell body 211 and a pole 212, the battery cell body 211 includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an isolation membrane, etc.

[0039] During the charge and discharge process of the battery pack 100, the highest temperature is usually located at the top of the battery cell 21, and the terminal 212 is often located at the top of the battery cell 21; that is, the temperature at the top of the battery module 20 is higher than the temperature in the middle; please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the battery cell body 211 includes a first end face 2111 and a second end face 2112, the first end face 2111 is connected to the pole 212, and the second end face 2112 is arranged away from the pole 212; the cooling plate 30 also includes a first cooling medium outlet 31, the first cooling medium outlet 31 is connected to the first cooling channel 32 and the immersion chamber 11 respectively, the cooling medium flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 and flows into the immersion chamber 11 to cool the battery module 20 in the immersion chamber 11; specifically, the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the first end face 2111 is less than the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the second end face 2112. In this way, the first cooling medium outlet 31 is set close to the pole 212, and the cooling medium is cooled by heat exchange. As the cooling medium flows, the temperature of the cooling medium will become higher and higher, and the cooling efficiency will become worse and worse. The first cooling medium outlet 31 is set near the pole 212, so that the cooling medium first contacts the pole 212 during heat exchange, cools the pole 212, and then cools the battery cell body 211. That is, the cooling medium first contacts the components with higher temperatures, and then contacts the components with lower temperatures. During the cooling and heat exchange process, it can also balance the temperature of the entire object, so that the temperature of a single battery cell 21 remains basically consistent, avoiding local excessive temperature and affecting the service life of the battery pack 100.

[0040] See also Figure 4 The cooling plate 30 extends along a first direction and has a first side 301 and a second side 302 disposed opposite each other along a third direction. The first side 301 is located proximate to the electrode 212, while the second side 302 is located away from the electrode 212. A first cooling medium outlet 31 is located on the first side 301. During assembly, to improve space utilization, the cooling plate 30 is often in close contact with the battery row 2. Positioning the first cooling medium outlet 31 on the first side 301 ensures smooth entry of the cooling medium into the immersion chamber 11. Furthermore, the distance from the first side 301 to the first end surface 2111 is less than or equal to the distance from the second side 302 to the first end surface 2111. The cooling medium first contacts the pole 212 during heat exchange, cools the pole 212, and then cools the battery cell body 211. That is, the cooling medium first contacts the component with higher temperature, and then contacts the component with lower temperature. During the cooling and heat exchange process, the temperature of the entire object can be balanced, so that the temperature of a single battery cell 21 remains basically consistent, avoiding local excessive temperature and affecting the service life of the battery pack 100.

[0041] See also Figure 4The cooling plate 30 further includes a third side surface and a fourth side surface disposed opposite each other along the second direction. The third side and the fourth side respectively contact two adjacent battery rows 2. The first cooling medium outlet 31 may also be disposed on the third side or the fourth side. When the first cooling medium is disposed on the third side or the fourth side, the first cooling medium outlet 31 needs to be disposed close to the first side 301. That is, the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the first side 301 is less than the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the second side 302.

[0042] During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 21, the embedding and extraction of active ions in the electrode active material will cause the expansion and contraction of the electrode assembly. Ideally, the volume change of the electrode assembly during the embedding and extraction process should be reversible. However, in actual situations, there are always some active ions that cannot be completely extracted from the negative electrode, or are deposited on the surface of the negative electrode as insoluble by-products during the cycle. That is to say, generally speaking, as the usage time increases, the electrode assembly will gradually expand, so that the volume of the battery cell 21 expands with the expansion of the electrode assembly. When the first cooling medium outlet 31 is set on the third side and the fourth side, the volume expansion of the battery cell 21 will block the first cooling medium outlet 31, resulting in the cooling medium being unable to smoothly enter the immersion chamber 11. As a preferred embodiment, the first cooling medium outlet 31 is preferentially set on the first side 301.

[0043] The present battery pack 100 uses immersion cooling to cool the battery module 20. The cooling medium directly contacts the battery cells, resulting in a large contact area, low contact internal resistance, and high heat exchange efficiency. In related art, in specific integrated designs, to achieve uniform flow distribution, the module size typically needs to be increased for flow channel design relative to conventional liquid cooling modules. This ultimately significantly increases the module size and weight, hindering integration and not meeting lightweight requirements. Therefore, in this embodiment, a plurality of first cooling medium outlets 31 are formed on each cooling plate 30. The plurality of first cooling medium outlets 31 are spaced apart along the second direction. By controlling the size, shape, and position of the first cooling medium outlets 31, the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing out of the first cooling medium outlets 31 can be controlled.

[0044] Please continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 The battery pack 100 includes a cooling medium inlet 12 formed on the housing 10. The cooling plate 30 is connected to the cooling medium inlet 12, that is, the cooling medium inlet 12 is connected to the first cooling channel 32. The cooling plate 30 has a first position and a second position. The first position is close to the cooling medium inlet 12, and the second position is farther away from the cooling medium inlet 12. That is, the distance from the first position to the cooling medium inlet 12 is shorter than the distance from the second position to the cooling medium inlet 12. When the cooling medium flows through the cooling plate 30, it first passes through the first position and then passes through the second position.

[0045] Furthermore, the cooling plate 30 includes a first end, a second end, and a main body. The main body is located between the first and second ends. Multiple first cooling medium outlets 31 are spaced apart on the main body. The first end is connected to the cooling medium inlet 12 (the first position is the first end), and the second end is connected to the second cooling medium outlet 13 (the second position is the second end). As the cooling medium flows from the first position to the second position, the cooling medium temperature increases, causing the temperature of the battery cells 21 near the second position to be higher than that of the battery cells 21 near the first position. Furthermore, as the cooling medium flow rate slows with distance from the cooling medium inlet 12, local flow rate differences lead to the emergence of "cold" and "hot" zones. To maintain a relatively consistent temperature across the battery module 20, the cooling medium flow rate is controlled and rationally distributed to maintain a substantially consistent temperature across the battery module 20. This achieves cooling medium flow distribution, resulting in a more uniform cooling medium flow at different locations, reducing the likelihood of "cold" and "hot" zones caused by local flow rate differences.

[0046] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the cooling medium is controlled by controlling the size of the first cooling medium outlet 31. Figure 7 , the size of the first cooling medium outlet 31 at the first position is smaller than the size of the first cooling medium outlet 31 at the second position. That is, in the direction away from the cooling medium inlet 12, the size of the first cooling medium outlet 31 increases as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the cooling medium inlet 12 increases. Specifically, the battery module 20 at the first position will first contact the cooling medium, and the temperature of the cooling medium at this time is reduced. The battery module 20 at the second position will later contact the cooling medium, and as the cooling medium flows, the temperature of the cooling medium is higher; the cooling medium with reduced temperature flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 with a smaller size, and the flow rate is smaller, which delays the cooling efficiency; the cooling medium with increased temperature flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 with a larger size, and the flow rate is larger, which improves the cooling efficiency; by reasonably distributing the flow rate of the cooling medium, the cooling efficiency is reasonably extended or accelerated, so that the temperature of the entire battery module 20 is kept consistent, avoiding the situation where the temperature is too high locally.

[0047] In some other embodiments, the flow rate of the cooling medium is controlled by controlling the density of the first cooling medium outlet 31; the battery module 20 located at the first position will first contact the cooling medium, and the temperature of the cooling medium at this time will decrease, and the battery module 20 located at the second position will contact the cooling medium later, and as the cooling medium flows, the temperature of the cooling medium is higher; the cooling medium with reduced temperature flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 with greater density, slowing down the flow and delaying the cooling efficiency; the cooling medium with increased temperature flows out from the first cooling medium outlet 31 with less density, increasing the flow rate and improving the cooling efficiency; by reasonably distributing the flow rate of the cooling medium, the cooling efficiency can be reasonably extended or accelerated, so that the temperature of the entire battery module 20 can be kept consistent, avoiding the occurrence of local excessive temperature.

[0048] In some embodiments, the density of the plurality of first cooling medium outlets 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between two adjacent first cooling medium outlets 31 , see Figure 8 , the distance between two adjacent first cooling medium outlets 31 at the first position is greater than the distance between two adjacent first cooling medium outlets 31 at the second position. That is, in the direction away from the cooling medium inlet 12, the spacing between adjacent first cooling medium outlets 31 decreases as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the cooling medium inlet 12 increases. In other embodiments, the density of the multiple first cooling medium outlets 31 can also be adjusted by adjusting the number of first cooling medium outlets 31, see Figure 8 The number of the first cooling medium outlets 31 at the first position is less than or equal to the number of the first cooling medium outlets 31 at the second position.

[0049] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the cooling medium can also be controlled by adjusting the size of the first cooling channel 32. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first cooling channel 32 perpendicular to the second direction at the first position is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cooling channel 32 perpendicular to the second direction at the second position. That is, as the distance from the first cooling medium outlet 31 to the cooling medium inlet 12 increases, the size of the first cooling channel 32 in the second direction increases. The battery module 20 at the first position contacts the cooling medium first, where the temperature of the cooling medium decreases. The battery module 20 at the second position contacts the cooling medium later, where the temperature of the cooling medium increases as the cooling medium flows. The cooling medium with a lower temperature flows through the smaller first cooling channel 32, slowing the flow rate and delaying cooling efficiency. The cooling medium with a higher temperature flows through the larger first cooling channel 32, increasing the flow rate and improving cooling efficiency. By properly distributing the cooling medium flow rate, cooling efficiency can be properly prolonged or accelerated, thereby maintaining a consistent temperature across the entire battery module 20 and avoiding localized overheating.

[0050] In some embodiments, the size of the first cooling channel 32 gradually increases in a direction from the cooling medium inlet 12 to the second cooling medium outlet 13 .

[0051] In some embodiments, multiple battery rows 2 are provided. To ensure effective cooling, multiple cooling plates 30 are provided, spaced apart along the first direction. The outermost cooling plates 30 are located between the battery row 2 and the housing 10, and the remaining cooling plates 30 are located between two adjacent battery rows 2. Specifically, a battery row 2 is provided between two adjacent cooling plates 30, so both sides of a battery row 2 can be cooled simultaneously, improving cooling efficiency and preventing thermal runaway.

[0052] Please continue reading Figure 9 The battery pack 100 also includes a cooling medium inlet 12 and a second cooling medium outlet 13 ; these are connected to a plurality of first cooling channels 32 via a connecting pipe. Specifically, the cooling medium enters the cooling plate 30 through the cooling medium inlet 12 , flows through the first cooling channels 32 of the cooling plate 30 , and exits through the first cooling medium outlet 31 of the cooling plate 30 , entering the immersion chamber 11 , cooling the battery modules 20 therein. After cooling is complete, the cooling medium exits through the second cooling medium outlet 13 , completing the cooling cycle.

[0053] In some embodiments, the two battery rows 2 located on either side of the cooling plate 30 are the first battery row 22 and the second battery row 23. The orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet 31 on the battery module 20 falls on the battery cell body 211 of the first battery row 22 in contact with the cooling plate 30. This arrangement ensures that when the cooling medium enters the immersion chamber 11, it can first contact the battery cells 21, improving cooling efficiency and preventing thermal runaway.

[0054] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet 31 on the battery module 20 falls between two adjacent battery cells 21 in the second battery row 23. The first cooling medium outlets 31 on two adjacent cooling plates 30 are staggered. By properly distributing the positions of the first cooling medium outlets 31 and the cooling medium flow rate, cooling medium "backup" is avoided, thereby improving cooling efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, each battery cell 21 has 2 to 3 first cooling medium outlets 31 around it. This arrangement makes the temperature around the battery cell 21 more uniform, avoiding local over-temperature that affects the service life of the battery cell 21.

[0056] In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes a first shaped block 41 and a second shaped block 42. The first shaped block 41 and the second shaped block 42 have shaped features. Due to the presence of the first shaped block 41 and the second shaped block 42, a large amount of cooling medium accumulation can be avoided, and the increase in temperature difference between the battery modules 20 due to the accumulation of cooling medium can be avoided.

[0057] In some embodiments, there are two first shaping blocks 41, which are arranged between the box body 10 and the battery module 20 and located at both ends of the battery module 20 in the second direction; there are two second shaping blocks 42, which are arranged between the box body 10 and the battery module 20 and located at both ends of the battery module 20 in the first direction.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes a bracket 50 and a cover plate 60. The bracket 50 is disposed on one side of the battery module 20 and is used to secure the multiple battery cells 21. The bracket 50 has multiple openings 51 formed therein. The poles 212 of each battery cell 21 extend through corresponding openings 51. The poles 212 engage with the openings 51, thereby securing the multiple battery cells 21 relative to the bracket 50. The cover plate 60 is located on the side of the bracket 50 away from the battery cell bodies 211 and is sealed to the housing 10.

[0059] In some embodiments, the bracket 50 is a plastic bracket, and the plastic bracket adopts a two-color injection molding process to achieve a sealed fit between the plastic bracket 50 and the battery cell 21 .

[0060] In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 also includes a thermally conductive structural adhesive 70, which is located on the side of the bracket 50 away from the battery cell body 211 and in contact with multiple poles 212. Specifically, the thermally conductive structural adhesive 70 has two functions, one is to transfer heat, and the other function is to act as an insulator. The thermally conductive structural adhesive 70 is in contact with multiple poles 212 and can separate the multiple poles 212 from each other. When one of the battery cells 21 experiences thermal runaway, the thermally conductive structural adhesive 70 can isolate it from other battery cells 21, thereby preventing heat from spreading.

[0061] In some embodiments, the cover plate 60 is located on a side of the thermal conductive structural adhesive 70 away from the bracket 50 .

[0062] It should be noted that the end surface of the terminal 212 away from the battery body 211 is flush with the end surface of the bracket 50 away from the battery body 211, or the end of the terminal 212 away from the battery body 211 protrudes from the bracket 50. This arrangement can greatly reduce the size of the entire battery pack 100 in the third direction.

[0063] In some embodiments, the plastic bracket is supported by the first contoured block 41 and / or the second contoured block 42 below. The plastic bracket matches the opening 51 of each battery cell 21 and is molded using a two-shot injection molding process to achieve a sealed fit between the plastic bracket 50 and the battery cell 21. The plastic bracket is flush with or slightly lower than the top of the battery cell 21. Thermally conductive structural adhesive 70 is applied to the plastic bracket and battery cell 21, and sealant is applied around the upper surface of the housing 10, followed by the installation of the cover plate 60. Therefore, the primary structure of the top of the battery pack 100 consists of the plastic bracket, thermally conductive structural adhesive 70, and cover plate 60. No other components, such as flow channel plates, are required for flow distribution, significantly reducing the height of the entire battery pack 100. Furthermore, the design of the thermally conductive structural adhesive 70 and cover plate 60 effectively suppresses the battery cell 21 in the event of thermal runaway, preventing the terminal 212 of the battery cell 21 from cracking and ejecting thermal runaway material, which could cause heat spread.

[0064] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes a bottom plate 80 , and the battery module 20 is disposed on the bottom plate 80 ; the bottom plate 80 includes a second cooling channel 81 , and the second cooling channel 81 is connected to the immersion chamber 11 .

[0065] Furthermore, the battery pack 100 further includes a second cooling medium outlet 13 , which is in communication with the second cooling channel 81 and the outside.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cooling plate 30 includes a plurality of curved segments 33 spaced apart along the second direction, and the plurality of curved segments 33 are adapted to the outer circumference of the battery cell 21, so that the cooling plate 30 can be in close contact with the battery cell 21, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0067] In some embodiments, the cooling plate 30 further includes a connecting segment 34 located between any two curved segments 33, with the connecting segment 34 smoothly transitioning between the two curved segments 33. It should be noted that the shape of the connecting segment 34 is not limited and can be selected based on practical circumstances. For example, when two adjacent battery cells 21 are closely aligned, the connecting segment 34 is an arc-shaped segment to facilitate arrangement and layout. When a gap is formed between two adjacent battery cells 21, the connecting segment 34 is a straight segment.

[0068] Also, see Figure 10 This application also proposes an electric device 1000, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack 100. The specific structure of the battery pack 100 is referred to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since this electric device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be detailed here.

[0069] It is understood that the electrical device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, electric toys, electric tools, battery-powered vehicles, cars, ships, spacecraft, and the like. Electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys. Spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft. Cars may include gasoline-powered cars, gas-powered cars, and new energy vehicles.

[0070] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: a housing, including an immersion chamber; A battery module, disposed in the immersion chamber and comprising a plurality of battery rows spaced apart in a first direction, the battery rows comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged along a second direction, the battery cells comprising a battery cell body and a pole, the battery cell body comprising a first end face connected to the pole and a second end face away from the pole; and a cooling plate disposed in the immersion chamber and located on one side of the battery row in the first direction, the cooling plate extending along the second direction and comprising a first cooling channel; The cooling plate further includes a first cooling medium outlet, the first cooling medium outlet is connected to the first cooling channel and the immersion chamber respectively, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the first end surface is smaller than the distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the second end surface.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: The cooling plate includes a first side close to the pole and a second side away from the pole, the first cooling medium outlet is opened on the first side, and the distance from the first side to the first end face is less than or equal to the distance from the second side to the first end face.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium inlet being connected to the first cooling channel; There are multiple first cooling medium outlets, and the multiple first cooling medium outlets are spaced apart along the second direction; In a direction away from the cooling medium inlet, a size of the first cooling medium outlet increases as a distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the cooling medium inlet increases.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium inlet being connected to the first cooling channel; There are multiple first cooling medium outlets, and the multiple first cooling medium outlets are spaced apart along the second direction; In a direction away from the cooling medium inlet, a distance between adjacent first cooling medium outlets decreases as a distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the cooling medium inlet increases.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium inlet being connected to the first cooling channel; There are multiple first cooling medium outlets, and the multiple first cooling medium outlets are spaced apart along the second direction; In a direction away from the cooling medium inlet, a size of the first cooling channel in the second direction increases as a distance from the first cooling medium outlet to the cooling medium inlet increases.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: There are multiple cooling plates, which are spaced apart along the first direction; The outermost cooling plate is located between the battery row and the box body, and the remaining cooling plates are located between two adjacent battery cell rows.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein: The battery pack further includes a cooling medium inlet, which is connected to the plurality of first cooling channels via a connecting pipe.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The two battery rows located on both sides of the cooling plate are a first battery row and a second battery row, and the orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet in the battery module falls on the battery cell body of the first battery row in contact with the cooling plate.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: The orthographic projection of each first cooling medium outlet on the battery module falls between two adjacent battery cells in the second battery row, and the first cooling medium outlets on two adjacent cooling plates are staggered.

11. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: Each battery cell is provided with 2 to 3 first cooling medium outlets around it.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The battery pack further includes: A first profiling block is provided between the box and the battery module and is located at both ends of the battery module in the second direction; and / or The second profiling block is disposed between the box and the battery module and is located at two ends of the battery module in the first direction.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein: The battery pack further includes: a bracket, located on one side of the battery cell and having a plurality of openings; the pole of each battery cell passes through the corresponding opening; and The cover plate is located on a side of the bracket away from the battery cell body and is sealed with the box body.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: The battery pack further includes: Thermally conductive structural adhesive, located on a side of the bracket away from the battery cell body and in contact with the plurality of poles; Wherein, the cover plate is located on a side of the thermal conductive structural adhesive away from the bracket.

15. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: The end surface of the pole away from the battery body is flush with the end surface of the bracket away from the battery body; or One end of the pole away from the battery cell body protrudes from the bracket.

16. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: Both ends of the bracket in the second direction are supported on the first profiling block and / or the second profiling block.

17. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The battery pack further includes: A bottom plate, the battery module is arranged on the bottom plate; the bottom plate includes a second cooling channel, and the second cooling channel is connected to the immersion chamber.

18. The battery pack according to claim 17, wherein: The battery pack further includes a second cooling medium outlet, which is in communication with the second cooling channel and the outside.

19. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: The cooling plate includes a plurality of curved sections spaced apart along the second direction, and the plurality of curved sections are adapted to the outer circumference of the battery core.

20. The battery pack according to claim 19, wherein: The cooling plate further includes at least one connecting section, which is provided between any two of the curved sections and connects the two curved sections.

21. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-20.

Images