Battery, battery assembly, electric equipment and processing method of battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery, a battery assembly, electric equipment and a processing method of the battery, relates to the technical field of batteries, and aims to solve the problem of how to prevent an insulating layer of the battery from being damaged when the temperature of the battery rises. The battery comprises a shell, an electrode structure and a first isolation material, the shell comprises a side wall part and a bottom wall part connected to one end of the side wall part, and a containing cavity is defined by the side wall part and the bottom wall part; the electrode structure is contained in the containing cavity, the electrode structure comprises an outer surface, and at least part of the outer surface is different from the shell in electrical property; the melting point of the first isolation material is greater than that of the shell and / or the electrode structure, and the first isolation material is arranged between the inner wall surface of the side wall part and the outer surface of the electrode structure, so that the outer surface of the electrode structure is isolated from the side wall part of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery, a battery assembly, an electrical device, and a battery processing method. Background Art

[0002] Batteries are energy supply devices for electrical devices, and their safety performance directly impacts the safety of these devices. To ensure battery safety, an insulating layer is typically placed between the positive and negative electrodes to prevent direct contact between them, which could lead to a short circuit.

[0003] In the prior art, when the ambient temperature of the battery increases, the insulation layer inside the battery is easily damaged, causing the battery to short-circuit, causing thermal runaway inside the battery, and even causing the battery to explode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery, a battery assembly, an electrical device and a battery processing method, aiming to solve the problem of how to avoid damage to the insulation layer of the battery when the battery temperature rises.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery comprising: a housing, an electrode structure, and a first insulating material; the housing comprising a sidewall portion and a bottom wall portion connected to one end of the sidewall portion, the sidewall portion and the bottom wall portion together forming a receiving cavity; the electrode structure is received in the receiving cavity, the electrode structure comprising an outer surface, at least a portion of which has a different electrical property from that of the housing.

[0006] The melting point of the first insulating material is greater than the melting point of the shell and / or the electrode structure. The first insulating material is arranged between the inner wall surface of the side wall portion and the outer surface of the electrode structure to isolate the outer surface of the electrode structure from the side wall portion of the shell.

[0007] In the above solution, by placing a first insulating material between the housing and the electrode structure, and by having a melting point greater than that of the housing or the electrode structure, the first insulating material is less susceptible to damage when the ambient temperature of the battery rises. Thus, even if the housing and / or electrode structure are damaged by the high temperature, the first insulating material remains between the housing and the electrode structure, preventing contact between the housing and the electrode structure, thus avoiding battery short circuits caused by contact between the housing and the electrode structure and improving battery safety.

[0008] Optionally, the first insulating material is a thermally conductive material.

[0009] Optionally, the first isolation material includes nano-ceramic material.

[0010] Optionally, the first isolation material includes one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide.

[0011] Optionally, the thickness of the first isolation material is greater than or equal to 0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.12 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the battery further includes a second insulating material, which is disposed between the electrode structure and the bottom wall portion to isolate the bottom wall portion from the electrode structure.

[0013] Optionally, the first isolation material is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion.

[0014] Optionally, the battery further includes an insulating protective layer disposed between the outer surface of the electrode structure and the first insulating material, for completely insulating the outer surface from the housing. Optionally, the first insulating material is disposed on the inner surface of the sidewall portion, and / or the first insulating material is disposed on a side of the insulating protective layer away from the electrode structure.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present application, a battery assembly is provided, which includes a battery and a circuit structure, wherein the circuit structure is electrically connected to the battery.

[0016] In a third aspect of the present application, an electrical device is provided, which includes a battery and / or a battery assembly.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a battery processing method, comprising:

[0018] A first insulating material in a colloidal solution state is provided in the housing;

[0019] Installing an electrode structure on a side of the first insulating material away from the housing;

[0020] The first isolation material is cured to form the battery.

[0021] Optionally, in the battery processing method, the shell includes a side wall portion and a bottom wall portion connected to one end of the side wall portion, and the side wall portion and the bottom wall portion form a receiving cavity;

[0022] The first insulating material in a colloidal solution state is provided in the housing, comprising:

[0023] A first insulating material in a colloidal solution state is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion;

[0024] An electrode structure is installed on a side of the first insulating material facing away from the housing, comprising:

[0025] The electrode structure is installed in the accommodating cavity, and is located on a side of the first insulating material facing away from the side wall portion.

[0026] Optionally, in the battery processing method, the electrode structure includes an outer surface, and an insulating protective layer is provided on a side of the outer surface close to the shell. Before installing the electrode structure in the accommodating cavity, the method further includes:

[0027] After the insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the accommodating cavity of the shell.

[0028] Optionally, in the battery processing method, after providing the insulating protective layer on the outer surface of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the accommodating cavity of the shell, and further includes:

[0029] A first insulating material in a colloidal solution state is disposed on a surface of the insulating protection layer close to the shell.

[0030] It should be noted that the technical effects brought about by the implementation methods of the second to fourth aspects can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a battery structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A chart showing the melting point test results of the insulating material provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A flowchart of a battery manufacturing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 100. Vehicles;

[0038] 10. Car body;

[0039] 1. Housing; 11. Side wall; 12. Bottom wall;

[0040] 2. Electrode structure; 21. Outer surface; 23. Insulation protective layer;

[0041] 3. The first isolation material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0044] “A and / or B” includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present application, "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, and the range of the similar situations is within an acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement being discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallelism can be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality can be, for example, that the difference between the two equals is less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0046] The present application provides an electrical device, which may be a small electronic product, such as an electronic toy, a communication device, etc.; the electrical device may also be a large product, such as a vehicle 100, a ship, an airplane, etc.

[0047] Electrical equipment may include a battery pack, which is used to power the equipment to ensure its normal operation. Battery packs typically undergo charging and discharging during operation. During charging, an external power source delivers power to the battery pack, storing it. During discharging, the battery pack delivers power to the electrical components of the equipment to support its operation.

[0048] In some embodiments, a battery assembly may include one or more batteries electrically connected to a circuit structure. When a battery assembly includes multiple batteries, these batteries are typically connected in series or parallel to form a battery assembly. This circuit structure provides a higher voltage and current supply to the power-consuming device, supporting the operation of high-power devices. The battery assembly may also be equipped with a battery management system to provide battery protection and monitoring functions to enhance safety and operational efficiency.

[0049] For ease of understanding, this application describes a vehicle 100 as an electrical device. Vehicle 100 may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, or the like. Vehicle 100 may also be a sedan, a van, a bus, a truck, a trailer, or the like. This application does not specifically limit the type of vehicle 100.

[0050] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 100 includes a vehicle body 10, which can be used to carry drivers and passengers, and can also be used to install components or systems required for the operation of the vehicle 100, such as for installing the power supply system of the vehicle 100. The power supply system of the vehicle 100 can provide electrical energy to the power system, air-conditioning system, etc. of the vehicle 100 to ensure that the power system of the vehicle 100 can drive the vehicle 100 to travel, and the air-conditioning system of the vehicle 100 can provide cold air or warm air to the vehicle 100. The power supply system of the vehicle 100 includes a battery assembly, which provides electrical energy to the vehicle 100. The battery assembly may include a plurality of batteries connected in series or in parallel, and the plurality of batteries can provide higher voltage and greater current by being connected in series or in parallel.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The battery comprises a housing 1, an electrode structure 2, and a first insulating material 3. The housing 1 includes a sidewall 11 and a bottom wall 12 connected to one end of the sidewall 11. The sidewall 11 and the bottom wall 12 together form a receiving cavity. The electrode structure 2 is housed in the receiving cavity and includes an outer surface having different electrical properties from the housing 1.

[0052] The melting point of the first insulating material 3 is greater than the melting point of the shell 1 and / or the electrode structure 2. The first insulating material 3 is arranged between the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 and the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 to isolate the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 from the side wall portion 11 of the shell 1.

[0053] It should be noted that "different electrical properties" in this embodiment refers to the two components carrying ions of different electrical properties and exhibiting different electrical properties. Specifically, in this embodiment, the housing 1 may be negatively charged and exhibit negative electronegativity, while the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 may be positively charged and exhibit positive electronegativity; alternatively, the housing 1 may be positively charged and exhibit positive electronegativity, while the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 may be negatively charged and exhibit negative electronegativity.

[0054] In some examples, the first isolation material 3 in this embodiment is an insulating material.

[0055] In some examples, the battery is a cylindrical battery.

[0056] In other examples, the battery is a blade battery or other structural battery.

[0057] In some specific examples, the housing 1 comprises an aluminum material, the electrode structure 2 comprises a steel material, and the melting point of the first insulating material 3 is greater than the melting point of the aluminum material or the melting point of the steel material.

[0058] In the above solution, by disposing a first insulating material 3 between the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2, and by having a melting point greater than that of the housing 1 or the electrode structure 2, the first insulating material 3 is less susceptible to damage when the ambient temperature of the battery rises. Thus, even if the housing and / or the electrode structure are damaged by the high temperature, the first insulating material 3 remains between the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2, preventing contact between the housing 1 and the electrode structure, thus preventing battery short circuits caused by contact between the housing and the electrode structure and improving battery safety.

[0059] In some examples, the electrode structure 2 is formed by rolling a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet. In this case, the outer surface of the electrode structure is formed by a ring of positive or negative electrode sheets. When the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 is a positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet is positively charged and thus has a positive charge. If the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 is a negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet is negatively charged and thus has a negative charge. When the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 is a positive electrode sheet, the battery case is negatively charged and thus has a negative charge; when the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 is a negative electrode sheet, the battery case is positively charged and thus has a positive charge.

[0060] In other examples, the battery is a laminated battery. Since the electrode structure 2 of the laminated battery is formed by stacking multiple positive and negative electrode sheets, separated by a separator, the outer surfaces of the electrode structure 2 are two opposing surfaces along the thickness direction of the electrode sheets.

[0061] In some examples, the first isolation material 3 may be connected to the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 by bonding, etc. This can improve the stability between the first isolation material 3 and the electrode structure 2 to ensure the isolation effect of the first isolation material 3.

[0062] In other examples, the first insulating material may be connected to the housing 1. Specifically, the first insulating material may be connected to the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 of the housing 1, and the connection method may be through bonding or the like.

[0063] In some specific examples, the battery is a cylindrical battery, and the shell 1 is the shell of the cylindrical battery. The shell is surrounded by a side wall portion 11 and a bottom wall portion 12 to form a receiving cavity. For example, the side wall portion 11 is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom wall portion 12 is provided at an opening at one end of the side wall portion 11, so that the side wall portion 11 and the bottom wall portion 12 enclose the internal space of the side wall portion 11 to form a receiving cavity. The electrode structure 2 is placed in the receiving cavity of the shell. A first insulating material is provided between the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 and the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 of the shell 1, and the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 is isolated from the inner wall surface of the battery shell 1 by the first insulating material. Because the melting point of the first insulating material is higher than that of the electrode structure 2 and the shell 1, when the external temperature of the battery rises, the first insulating material will not melt before the shell 1 and the electrode structure 2, causing the shell 1 and the electrode structure 2 to contact and cause a short circuit, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first insulating material 3 is a thermally conductive material. Thus, the first insulating material 3 has thermal conductivity. When the battery is heated or at a high temperature, or when thermal runaway occurs, the first insulating material 3 can quickly conduct heat to prevent heat from accumulating between the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2 and affecting the performance of the internal materials of the battery, thereby ensuring battery performance.

[0065] In some specific examples, the thermally conductive material is one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and tantalum oxide. For example, the thermally conductive material may include only one of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and tantalum oxide; or may include both silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide; or both silicon dioxide and tantalum oxide; or may include both silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and tantalum oxide.

[0066] In some examples, the first insulating material 3 may also include a binder, a solvent, an additive, and the like. For example, the binder may be an organic resin, such as epoxy resin, or an inorganic silicate, such as silica sol. The binder serves to secure the ceramic particles to the housing 1 and / or the electrode structure 2. The solvent may be aqueous or organic, such as deionized water, ethanol, or butanone. Additives may include dispersants, defoamers, and leveling agents to improve the leveling and stability of the coating.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first insulating material 3 comprises a nano-ceramic material. The base ceramic material in this nano-ceramic material is inorganic silicon, which can withstand temperatures up to 1000°C and possesses excellent insulation and thermal conductivity. This effectively isolates the housing 1 from the electrode structure 2 at high temperatures, preventing contact and short circuits between the two.

[0068] In other embodiments, the first insulating material 3 may also be quartz ceramics, alumina ceramics, etc.

[0069] In some other embodiments, the first insulating material 3 may further include boron nitride, which has good thermal conductivity, insulation, and high-temperature resistance. Alternatively, the first insulating material 3 may include beryllium oxide, which has good thermal conductivity and beryllium oxide ceramics have excellent high-temperature electrical insulation properties.

[0070] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating material 3 is greater than or equal to 0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.12 mm. Setting the thickness of the first insulating material 3 within this range can ensure the thickness of the first insulating material 3 to better isolate the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2, and can also prevent the first insulating material 3 from being too thick and occupying a large space.

[0071] And since there is a certain gap between the shell 1 and the electrode structure 2, the thickness of the first insulating material 3 is set to 0.03mm-0.12mm, which can make full use of the gap originally existing in the battery, so that the first insulating material 3 does not occupy the original volume of the battery, and can ensure the volume energy density of the battery.

[0072] In some examples, the thickness of the first isolation material 3 may be 0.03 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, etc.

[0073] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating material 3 is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm. Setting the thickness of the first insulating material 3 to be greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm ensures that the first insulating material 3 has a certain thickness, ensuring its strength, while not being too thick to affect the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0074] In some examples, the thickness of the first isolation material 3 is 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, etc.

[0075] In some specific examples, when the battery is a cylindrical battery, a gap of approximately 0.4 mm is typically provided between the positive and negative electrode structures of the cylindrical battery. The thickness of the first insulating material 3 can be set to 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, etc. In this way, the thickness of the first insulating material 3 only fills the existing gap between the positive and negative electrode structures of the battery, without occupying additional space in the battery, thereby improving the battery's volumetric energy density.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a second insulating material disposed between the electrode structure 2 and the bottom wall 12 to isolate the bottom wall 12 from the electrode structure 2. Providing the second insulating material between the bottom wall 12 and the electrode structure 2 prevents a short circuit between the electrode structure 2 and the bottom wall 12 of the housing 1, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0077] In some examples, the second isolation material can be the same as the first isolation material.

[0078] In other examples, the second isolation material may be different from the first isolation material. For example, the first isolation material may include silicon dioxide, while the second isolation material may include aluminum oxide.

[0079] In some examples, the positive and negative tabs of the battery are both led out from opposite ends of the bottom wall 12 of the shell 1 . In this case, a second insulating material can be provided between the bottom wall 12 of the shell and the electrode structure 2 .

[0080] In other examples, when the negative electrode tab of the battery is led out from the bottom wall 12 of the battery, the bottom wall 12 of the battery can be partially provided with a second insulating material to avoid the negative electrode tab. Figure 2 The battery further includes an insulating protective layer 23 , which is disposed between the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 and the first insulating material.

[0081] An insulating protective layer 23 is provided between the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 and the first insulating material 3. This layer protects the electrode structure 2 and insulates the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 from the sidewall portion 11. However, in the prior art, the insulating protective layer 23 has poor high-temperature resistance. As the external temperature of the battery increases, the insulating protective layer 23 easily deforms or melts, losing its insulating effect. By providing the first insulating material 3 between the insulating protective layer 23 and the inner surface of the sidewall portion 11, even if the insulating protective layer 23 melts or deforms due to high temperatures, the first insulating material 3 can still insulate the outer surface of the electrode structure 2 from the sidewall portion 11 of the housing 1, preventing battery circuits and improving battery safety.

[0082] In some examples, the insulating protective layer 23 may be made of plastic, rubber, or other materials.

[0083] In some specific examples, the insulating protective layer 23 may be an adhesive tape.

[0084] In some examples, the first isolation material 3 may be connected to the insulating protection layer 23 .

[0085] In other examples, the first isolation material 3 may be connected to the inner wall surface of the sidewall portion 11 .

[0086] In some embodiments, the first insulating material 3 is disposed on the inner surface of the sidewall portion 11. Since the sidewall portion 11 is generally made of metal, disposing the first insulating material 3 on the inner surface of the sidewall portion 11 allows the sidewall portion 11 to maintain a relatively stable shape and be less likely to deform when the external temperature of the battery rises, thereby improving the stability of the first insulating material 3 at high temperatures.

[0087] In some examples, the first isolation material 3 may be bonded to the inner wall surface of the sidewall portion 11 .

[0088] In some specific examples, the first isolation material 3 is in a colloidal solution state, and can be coated on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 , and solidified and connected to the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 after being treated by relevant processes.

[0089] It should be noted that this embodiment includes two situations. One situation is that the battery includes an insulating protective layer 23. In this case, the first insulating material 3 can be arranged on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11; the other situation is that the battery does not include an insulating protective layer 23. In this case, the first insulating material 3 can also be arranged on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first isolation material 3 is disposed on a side of the insulating protective layer 23 away from the electrode structure 2. In this case, the first isolation material 3 can be disposed on both the insulating protective layer 23 and the inner wall surface of the sidewall portion 11. Since the first isolation material 3 is relatively thin, the risk of damage to the first isolation material 3 during assembly of the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2 can be reduced.

[0091] In some specific examples, the insulating material is a colloidal solution material, which is simultaneously coated on the surface of the insulating protection layer 23 close to the side wall portion 11 and the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11, and is then cured through relevant processes.

[0092] In some embodiments, in order to prevent the first isolation material 3 from being damaged, a battery processing method is provided, comprising:

[0093] A first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided in the housing 1;

[0094] An electrode structure 2 is installed on a side of the first insulating material 3 away from the housing 1;

[0095] The first isolation material 3 is cured to form the battery.

[0096] In the above solution, the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2 are assembled before the first insulating material 3 solidifies. Since the first insulating material 3 is in a colloidal solution state, it does not break apart after solidification and is not easily damaged during assembly, thereby improving the effectiveness of the first insulating material 3.

[0097] In some specific examples, the first insulating material 3 is a nano-ceramic coating. Since the nano-ceramic coating is relatively brittle and thin, it is easily damaged by compression after curing, leading to failure. By applying the nano-ceramic material in a colloidal solution to the housing 1 and assembling the material before curing, the colloidal solution material will not break due to compression during the assembly process, thereby improving the insulation effectiveness of the first insulating material 3.

[0098] In some examples, the thickness of the coating after curing is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm.

[0099] In some embodiments, in a battery processing method, the housing 1 includes a side wall portion 11 and a bottom wall portion 12 connected to one end of the side wall portion 11, and the side wall portion 11 and the bottom wall portion 12 form a receiving cavity;

[0100] The first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided in the housing 1 and includes:

[0101] A first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11;

[0102] An electrode structure 2 is mounted on a side of the first insulating material 3 facing away from the housing 1, comprising:

[0103] The electrode structure 2 is installed in the accommodating cavity and is located on a side of the first insulating material 3 facing away from the side wall portion 11 .

[0104] In the above embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with a receiving cavity, and the electrode structure 2 is installed in the receiving cavity of the housing 1. Because the first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided on the inner wall surface of the receiving cavity, the colloidal solution first insulating material 3 effectively isolates the receiving cavity of the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2 after solidification, preventing the electrode structure 2 from contacting the inner wall surface of the receiving cavity and causing a battery short circuit.

[0105] In some embodiments, the electrode structure includes an outer surface, and an insulating protective layer is provided on a side of the outer surface close to the housing. Before the electrode structure is installed in the accommodating cavity, the following steps are further included:

[0106] After the insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the accommodating cavity of the shell.

[0107] In the above solution, an insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface of the electrode structure, and the peripheral side of the electrode structure is insulated from the side wall of the shell by the insulating protective layer, thereby preventing the electrode structure from contacting the side wall of the shell and causing a short circuit in the battery, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0108] In some examples, the insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface of the electrode structure by bonding.

[0109] In other examples, the insulating protective layer is elastic and is wrapped around the outer surface of the electrode structure by tension.

[0110] In some embodiments, in a battery processing method, after providing an insulating protective layer on the outer surface of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the receiving cavity of the shell, further comprising:

[0111] A first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is disposed on the surface of the insulating protection layer 23 close to the housing.

[0112] In the above scheme, a first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided on the surface of the insulating protective layer 23 close to the shell 1. In this way, the first insulating material 3 in a colloidal solution state is provided on both the insulating protective layer 23 and the inner wall surface of the side wall portion 11 of the shell 1, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the first insulating material 3 after solidification and improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0113] In some specific examples, the first insulating material 3 is a nanoceramic coating. A colloidal solution of the nanoceramic material is applied simultaneously to the surface of the insulating protective layer 23 facing away from the electrode structure 2 and the inner surface of the sidewall 11. The housing 1 and electrode structure 2 are assembled before the nanoceramic material solidifies. After assembly, the colloidal solution of the nanoceramic coating material is solidified through baking and other processes, forming a stable nanoceramic coating. This nanoceramic coating exhibits excellent thermal conductivity, insulation, and high-temperature resistance. When the external temperature of the battery rises, it effectively prevents contact between the battery housing 1 and the electrode structure 2, which could cause a short circuit.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first isolation material and the housing, the insulating layer, and the electrode structure may be connected by coating or by bonding.

[0115] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , the manufacturing of the battery includes the following steps:

[0116] S1. A layer of colloidal solution nano-ceramic coating is uniformly applied to the sidewall of the battery housing 1, with a coating thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm. The coating thickness can be 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 1 mm, etc.

[0117] S2. Before the nano-ceramic coating solidifies, the electrode structure 2 is installed in the housing. Before solidification, the nano-ceramic coating is in a colloidal solution state and has a certain toughness. Installing the electrode structure 2 in the housing 1 at this time can prevent the nano-ceramic coating from being damaged and causing isolation failure.

[0118] S3, through-welding the bottom of the battery negative electrode, which is specifically performed by welding the negative electrode cover at one end of the battery negative electrode to the housing 1.

[0119] S4, battery shell groove rolling. After the battery electrode structure 2 is placed in the shell 1, the shell opening part is squeezed and deformed to fix the electrode core.

[0120] S5. Laser welding the battery positive electrode cover. The battery positive electrode cover is welded to the housing 1 by laser welding.

[0121] S6. Place the electrode structure 2 in an oven and bake it at 90-110° C. for 48-96 hours. The baking process removes moisture from the electrode structure 2 and simultaneously dries and solidifies the nano-ceramic coating.

[0122] S7, battery sealing. Flatten and shape the shell opening to secure the cover and seal the battery.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first isolation material 3 may be prepared by the following method:

[0124] 1. Raw material preparation and pretreatment:

[0125] Weigh resins, flame retardants, fillers and other raw materials, and perform pre-treatments such as drying and grinding to ensure purity and uniformity.

[0126] 2. Mixing and stirring:

[0127] Use a high-speed mixer or kneader to fully stir at a specific temperature (e.g., 75-85°C) and speed (100-400 rpm) to evenly disperse the components. During this stage, control the generation of bubbles to avoid localized uneven concentrations.

[0128] 3. Reaction polymerization:

[0129] The mixture is transferred to a reactor where a polymerization reaction is initiated under heat and pressure to form a flame-retardant polymer. This process requires precise control of temperature, pressure, and time to ensure a complete reaction.

[0130] 4. Aging treatment:

[0131] After the reaction is completed, the material is solidified by cooling, heating or pressure treatment (such as 40-1000Pa vacuum) to remove unreacted monomers and volatile substances, thereby improving mechanical properties and stability.

[0132] Molding processing;

[0133] Quality inspection.

[0134] The above steps can produce the first insulating material 3 in the colloidal solution state (ie, the colloidal solution nano-ceramic material). The nano-ceramic coating can be obtained by coating the colloidal solution nano-ceramic material on the housing 1 and curing it.

[0135] It should be noted that the above-mentioned nano-ceramic coating glue material formula is as follows:

[0136] 30-50 parts of waterborne epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of curing agent, 5.1-20.5 parts of modified filler, 0.2-2 parts of leveling agent, and 15-20 parts of flame retardant;

[0137] in,

[0138] The waterborne epoxy resin includes one or more of bisphenol A epoxy resin, fluorinated epoxy resin, and novolac epoxy resin;

[0139] The curing agent includes one or more of an amine curing agent, an acid anhydride curing agent, and a hydrazide curing agent;

[0140] The leveling agent includes one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene imine, and polyacrylic acid fluoride ester;

[0141] The flame retardant includes one or more of silicon dioxide, talc, and aluminum hydroxide;

[0142] The modified filler comprises a thermally conductive filler and a silane coupling agent supported on the thermally conductive filler.

[0143] In some embodiments, a fire test can be performed to detect the safety performance of the battery during thermal runaway. If the fire test causes the battery to explode, it indicates that the battery has poor safety performance at high temperatures.

[0144] Fire testing can simulate battery thermal runaway scenarios. The core mechanism of the chain reaction triggered by battery thermal runaway is as follows:

[0145] 1. Trigger stage (temperature greater than 80°C):

[0146] During this stage, the SEI film begins to decompose after the battery is heated, releasing heat and accelerating the reaction between the electrolyte and the negative electrode, generating alkane gas (such as ethylene and ethane). At this time, the internal pressure of the battery gradually increases, but does not reach the threshold for the safety valve to open;

[0147] 2. Acceleration stage (temperature greater than 120°C):

[0148] As the temperature rises further, the diaphragm / insulating protective layer 23 begins to melt, shrink, or disintegrate, causing a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. The positive electrode material begins to decompose, releasing oxygen and a strong heat release, causing the electrolyte to vaporize violently. At this point, the internal pressure of the battery can surge to over 2 MPa, causing the safety valve to open.

[0149] 3. Deflagration stage (temperature greater than 600°C):

[0150] The aluminum foil of the positive electrode in the battery melts (the melting point of aluminum foil is generally 660°C), the electrolyte burns and releases toxic gases such as HF, and the splashing metallic lithium spontaneously ignites when it encounters air, forming a high-temperature flame.

[0151] Based on the aforementioned thermal runaway chain reaction mechanism, the explosion during the fire test occurred because the external flame directly heated the battery, rapidly exceeding its stability threshold. High temperatures not only accelerated the decomposition of the SEI film but also physically failed the battery's internal structure (electrodes, diaphragms, and tapes), triggering an internal short circuit and instantaneously generating high currents and high temperatures. Because the battery casing (steel shell, etc.) restricted gas diffusion, the pressure accumulated to a critical value, triggering an explosion.

[0152] To demonstrate that the first insulating material 3 in the embodiment of the present application can effectively prevent battery short circuits when the external temperature of the battery rises, a fire test was performed on batteries containing the first insulating material 3 and batteries not containing the first insulating material 3. The fully charged battery was placed on a special test screen, which was placed on a platform with a 102mm diameter hole in the center. An octagonal cage was covered on the bottom screen. The battery was then kept on the screen and heated until the battery exploded or caught fire and burned completely. The criterion for passing the fire test is that the exploded part of the electrode structure or battery test should not penetrate the aluminum mesh. The test data is shown in Table 1.

[0153] Table 1

[0154]

[0155] The test data in Table 1 shows that although batteries containing the first insulation material 3 caught fire during the fire test, none of them exploded. In contrast, all batteries without the first insulation material 3 caught fire during the fire test, and 40% of them both caught fire and exploded. This indicates that batteries containing the first insulation material 3 exhibit more stable performance in high-temperature environments.

[0156] The melting point test can be used to determine the change in the moisture content of the first insulating material 3. The steps are as follows:

[0157] 1. Preparation before the experiment

[0158] 1. Instrument Calibration

[0159] Use standard substances (such as indium and tin) to calibrate the temperature and heat flow signals to ensure baseline stability.

[0160] Check the nitrogen / argon protection system and control the flow rate at 50-100 mL / min to isolate oxidation.

[0161] 2. Sample Preparation

[0162] Weighing: Accurately weigh 5-20 mg of sample (solid) or 3-10 mg (adhesive) to ensure uniformity.

[0163] Pretreatment: Fiber samples need to be chopped into powder and their thermal history eliminated (e.g., heating to 200°C at 10°C / min and then cooling); liquid samples need to be sealed to prevent volatilization.

[0164] Container selection: Aluminum crucible is preferred, and the sealing should be good to avoid contamination of the furnace body.

[0165] 2. Instrument Setup and Operation

[0166] 1. Parameter configuration

[0167] Temperature range: set according to sample characteristics (e.g. 30-300°C).

[0168] Heating and cooling rate: 10℃ / min (melting peak analysis) or 5℃ / min (high resolution requirement) is generally selected, and 20℃ / min can be set for rapid screening.

[0169] Atmosphere conditions: inert gas protection (such as nitrogen) or vacuum environment, depending on the sample stability requirements.

[0170] 2. Loading Samples

[0171] Place the sample and reference material symmetrically in the furnace to avoid poor thermal contact.

[0172] Start the temperature ramp and monitor the baseline stability in real time (baseline drift requires recalibration).

[0173] 3. Data Collection

[0174] Record the heat flow-temperature curve and save the raw data for subsequent analysis.

[0175] 3. Data Processing and Analysis

[0176] 1. Baseline Correction

[0177] Eliminate instrument baseline drift (such as steps caused by heat capacity changes).

[0178] 2. Feature parameter extraction

[0179] Melting peak: mark the starting point (intersection of the baseline tangent), peak temperature (highest point of the endothermic peak), and end point.

[0180] Crystallinity calculation: by comparing the melting enthalpy (ΔHf) with the standard value (such as ΔH 100 %) ratio calculation, formula:

[0181] Crystallinity = (ΔHf / ΔH 100 %)×100%.

[0182] 3. Result Verification

[0183] The test was repeated 2-3 times to ensure the repeatability (RSD < 5%).

[0184] Take the first isolation material 3 and obtain the attached Figure 3 The water content variation curve of the first insulating material 3. In this test, the first insulating material 3 is made of nano-ceramic material.

[0185] in, Figure 3 The horizontal axis of the coordinate system in the upper middle portion represents the heating temperature, and the vertical axis represents the percentage of the remaining weight of the first insulating material 3 at the corresponding temperature relative to the weight before heating. Figure 3 The coordinate system in the lower middle part corresponds to the coordinate system in the upper part, and the coordinate system in the lower part is the result of normalization of the coordinate system in the upper part.

[0186] pass Figure 3 It can be seen that the weight of the first insulating material 3 decreases below 300°C, mainly due to the decomposition of substances such as the epoxy resin and curing agent in the first insulating material 3. In the temperature range of 300°C to 1300°C, the weight of the first insulating material 3 remains almost unchanged, indicating that the physical properties of the first insulating material 3 are stable within 1300°C, effectively isolating the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2, and preventing contact and short circuits between the housing 1 and the electrode structure 2.

[0187] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0188] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: include: A shell (1), an electrode structure (2) and a first insulating material (3); the shell (1) comprises a side wall portion (11) and a bottom wall portion (12) connected to one end of the side wall portion (11), the side wall portion (11) and the bottom wall portion (12) together forming a receiving cavity; The electrode structure (2) is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the electrode structure (2) includes an outer surface (21), and the outer surface (21) has a different electrical property from the shell (1); The melting point of the first insulating material (3) is greater than the melting point of the shell (1) and / or the electrode structure (2), and the first insulating material (3) is arranged between the inner wall surface of the side wall portion (11) and the outer surface (21) of the electrode structure (2) to isolate the outer surface (21) of the electrode structure (2) from the side wall portion (11) of the shell (1).

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first insulating material (3) is a heat-conducting material.

3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first isolation material (3) includes one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide.

4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first insulating material (3) comprises nano-ceramic material.

5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the first insulating material (3) is greater than or equal to 0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.12 mm.

6. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery further comprises a second insulating material, which is arranged between the electrode structure (2) and the bottom wall portion (12) so as to isolate the bottom wall portion (12) from the electrode structure (2).

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The first insulating material (3) is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion (11).

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The battery further comprises an insulating protective layer (23), wherein the insulating protective layer (23) is provided between the outer surface (21) of the electrode structure (2) and the first insulating material (3).

9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that The first isolation material (3) is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion (11), and / or the first isolation material (3) is provided on a side of the insulating protection layer (23) away from the electrode structure (2).

10. A battery assembly, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a circuit structure, wherein the circuit structure is electrically connected to the battery.

11. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and / or the battery assembly according to claim 10.

12. A battery processing method, characterized in that: include: A first insulating material (3) in a colloidal solution state is provided in the housing (1); An electrode structure (2) is installed on a side of the first insulating material (3) away from the housing (1); The first isolation material (3) is cured to form the battery.

13. The processing method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a side wall portion (11) and a bottom wall portion (12) connected to one end of the side wall portion (11), and the side wall portion (11) and the bottom wall portion (12) form a receiving cavity; The first insulating material (3) in a colloidal solution state is provided on the housing (1) and comprises: A first insulating material (3) in a colloidal solution state is provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall portion (11); An electrode structure (2) is mounted on a side of the first insulating material (3) facing away from the housing (1), comprising: The electrode structure (2) is installed in the accommodating cavity, and the electrode structure (2) is located on the side of the first insulating material (3) facing away from the side wall portion (11).

14. The processing method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The electrode structure (2) includes an outer surface (21), and an insulating protective layer is provided on a side of the outer surface (21) close to the shell. Before the electrode structure (2) is installed in the accommodating cavity, the method further includes: After the insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface (21) of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the accommodating cavity of the shell.

15. The processing method according to claim 14, characterized in that: After the insulating protective layer is provided on the outer surface (21) of the electrode structure, the electrode structure provided with the insulating protective layer is placed in the accommodating cavity of the shell, and further comprising: A first insulating material (3) in a colloidal solution state is provided on a surface of the insulating protective layer (23) close to the shell.

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