Mechanical transmission device for multi-angle self-adaptive adjustment of base station antenna

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of base station antennas, and particularly relates to a mechanical transmission device for multi-angle self-adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna, which comprises an angle grinding frame, a control unit arranged on one side of the angle grinding frame, and a cleaning unit arranged on the other side of the angle grinding frame; the application adds a cable between the base station antenna and the angle rod, strengthens the connection rigidity between the base station antenna and the angle rod through the cable when the base station antenna is adjusted in the inclination angle, dynamically adjusts the actual hoisting position of the arc light plate on the outer wall of the angle rod, makes the traction force of the cable be able to linearly change synchronously with the inclination angle change of the base station antenna, dynamically adjusts the system rigidity in real time, reduces the vibration amplitude, changes the coincidence between the vibration frequency and the inherent frequency of the system to a certain extent, avoids resonance damage, and reduces the fatigue accumulation of the movable connection point of the base station antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of base station antenna technology, specifically relating to a mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Base station antenna: A key device in mobile communication networks, used to transmit and receive wireless signals. It is a core component for realizing the coverage and communication functions of mobile communication networks. In practice, it converts electrical signals into electromagnetic wave signals and transmits them, while simultaneously receiving electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by terminal devices and converting them back into electrical signals, thereby realizing the two-way communication function of the communication network.

[0003] External vibrations such as natural wind vibration and equipment vibration are transmitted along the supporting structure in the form of mechanical waves. Due to sudden changes in stiffness, the moving connection points become energy concentration areas. The dynamic load impacts are frequent and constantly generate alternating shear forces and bending moments, resulting in the accumulation of mechanical fatigue damage, which eventually leads to plastic deformation between the connection points.

[0004] In addition, base station antennas are mostly array antennas, and each radiating element needs to maintain a precise spatial phase relationship in order to form a directional beam. Vibration causes the antenna panel or vibrator to undergo micron-level deformation, which changes the spacing between elements and causes a phase difference. Subsequently, the beam downtilt angle shifts, the horizontal beam width widens, the field strength at the cell edge decreases, and the coverage radius shrinks, resulting in a double loss of network coverage and capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of base station antenna, including a substrate, an adjustment unit is provided on one side of the substrate, a main body unit is provided in the outer space of the substrate, and a buffer unit is provided on one side of the adjustment unit.

[0006] The adjustment unit includes:

[0007] The ball head, with a ball hinge, is installed at the middle position of one end face of the substrate.

[0008] The pipe fitting, with a ball joint, is installed at the middle position of the outer wall on the side of the ball head away from the substrate.

[0009] The cable is telescopically installed inside the conduit connector, with the other end of the cable extending out of the conduit connector;

[0010] A shaft connector is snapped onto the outer wall of the other end of the cable.

[0011] The connector bracket is snap-fitted between the pipe connector and the opposite surfaces of the shaft connector;

[0012] The shock absorber is fitted and installed in the middle of the outer wall of the cable;

[0013] The disc ring is snapped onto the outer wall of the cable near the shaft connector end.

[0014] The support plate is snapped into the middle position of the outer wall on one side of the disc ring;

[0015] The upright plate is snapped into place at the middle position of the inner wall of the horizontal section of the frame.

[0016] Preferably, a rope is connected to both the upright plate and the support plate. A lug is symmetrically connected to the end face of the pipe joint near the spigot frame. A roller is rotatably fitted between the two lugs, and the roller pulls the rope. A ball pin is ball-hinged at the middle of the end face of the shaft joint away from the pipe joint, and two cables extend from the ball pin. The other cable is coaxially connected to the internal telescopically fitted joint. A ball bearing is ball-hinged on the outer wall of one side of the ball pin. An arc plate is positioned in the space away from the shaft joint on the side of the ball bearing. An end plate is symmetrically connected to the end face of the arc plate near the shaft joint. A support column, also ball-hinged with the ball bearing, is rotatably fitted between the two opposite ends of the end plates. A rope is installed via a common snap-fit ​​connection. A lug is symmetrically snap-fitted onto the end face of the pipe connector near the port frame. A roller is installed between the two lugs, rotating together to pull the rope. A ball pin is ball-jointed at the middle of the end face of the shaft connector away from the pipe connector, through which two cables extend. The other cable is coaxially snap-fitted onto the inside of the connector. A ball bearing is ball-jointed onto the outer wall of the ball pin. An arc plate is positioned in the space away from the shaft connector from the ball bearing. An end plate is symmetrically snap-fitted onto the end face of the arc plate near the shaft connector. A support column, ball-jointed with the ball bearing, is rotatably fitted between the two opposite end plates. A bridging column is circumferentially snap-fitted onto the end face of the disc ring near the pipe connector.

[0017] Preferably, both ends of the shock absorber are fitted with ring rails. A mouth ring is rotatably fitted on the end face of the ring rail away from the shock absorber. The outer end face of the mouth ring has a groove evenly spaced around its perimeter, and the groove cross-section is arc-shaped. A face ring is rotatably fitted on the end face of the mouth ring away from the ring rail. The outer end face of the face ring has a keyway that matches the keyway and a corresponding keyway. An angle post is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the groove. An elastic claw is fitted on the end of the angle post away from the ring rail. The end of the elastic claw near the axis of the ring rail is chamfered and adapted to the outer wall end face of the cable. A hanging plate is fitted on the middle position of the outer wall of the face ring near the port frame. A shock-absorbing column is fitted on the middle position of the inner wall of the vertical section of the port frame near the hanging plate. The shock-absorbing column is fitted with a shock-absorbing spring located between the vertical section of the port frame and the hanging plate.

[0018] Preferably, a chassis is fixedly disposed on one side of the outer space of the substrate, and an angle rod is snapped into the middle of the chassis. A ring-shaped electric rail is symmetrically snapped into the outer wall of the angle rod. Three corner grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the angle rod. Furthermore, an arc plate is slidably snapped into the corner grooves, and a shaft disc is slidably snapped into the opposite surfaces of the ring-shaped electric rails. Additionally, the shaft disc at the end furthest from the base is snapped into the tailstock. Symmetrically distributed shaft seats are snapped into the outer wall of the angle rod, and the shaft disc is located between two shaft seats for connecting external devices.

[0019] Preferably, the main body unit includes:

[0020] The base station antenna is detachably mounted on the end face of the substrate away from the cable using bolts;

[0021] Two outer clamps are installed symmetrically at the middle of the end face of the base station antenna near the cable at both ends.

[0022] The U-shaped frame is snapped into place at the middle position of the end face of the outer hoop on the side away from the base station antenna, away from the base station antenna.

[0023] The swing arm is mounted on the U-shaped frame away from the outer hoop frame via a rotating shaft.

[0024] The articulated arm is mounted on the end of the swing arm away from the outer hoop via a rotating shaft.

[0025] The tailstock is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the end of the crank arm away from the swing arm.

[0026] The outer frame is snapped onto the middle position of the end face of the outer frame on the other side, away from the base station antenna.

[0027] The inner frame is rotatably mounted on the outer frame at the end furthest from the outer hoop frame via a rotating shaft.

[0028] The interlocking plate is detachably bolted and snapped onto the end of the inner frame away from the outer frame, and the interlocking plate is snapped and fitted onto the shaft disc near the base.

[0029] Preferably, a side-line bracket is snapped onto the middle position of the end of the base station antenna away from the base. A sprocket is rotatably mounted on the middle position of the side-line bracket away from the base station antenna via a rotating shaft. The sprocket is snapped onto the cable extending from the ball pin. A guard plate is snapped onto the shaft disc on the side of the corner rod away from the base. A plate is symmetrically snapped onto the end face of the guard plate away from the axis of the corner rod. An angle plate is rotatably mounted between the two plates via a rotating shaft. There are two angle plates, which are symmetrically distributed. A cable wheel is snapped onto the two angle plates together for pulling and pre-tightening the cable. A torsion spring is snapped onto the angle plate and the plate.

[0030] Preferably, the buffer unit includes:

[0031] A vertical rod is hinged and mounted on the other end of the cable away from the ball pin.

[0032] The oil plug is snapped onto the end of the plumb rod furthest from the ball pin.

[0033] The end rack is snapped onto the outer wall of the end of the plumb rod near the ball pin.

[0034] The connecting rod is snapped into place at the middle of the end face of the arc plate near the base.

[0035] The refracting plate is snapped onto the end of the connecting rod away from the arc plate; and the refracting plate is slidably snapped onto the corner groove for installation.

[0036] The dividing rack is snapped and installed in the middle position of the end face of the refracting plate on the side away from the axis of the angle bar;

[0037] The wall panels are installed in pairs, with a minimum of three pairs, and are evenly interlocked in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the outer wall of the corner bar.

[0038] The end shaft is rotatably fitted between the two wall panels described in the same group;

[0039] The gear is snapped and installed in the middle position of the outer wall of the end shaft, and the gear meshes with both the end rack and the split rack.

[0040] Preferably, the shaft disc near the base is circumferentially and uniformly inserted with a shock-absorbing tube that is slidably engaged with the oil plug. An oil level spring is engaged between the bottom wall of the shock-absorbing tube and the oil plug. An oil groove is formed between the shaft disc, the fitting plate and the shock-absorbing tube near the base. A rubber nail is slidably engaged inside the oil groove.

[0041] An adaptive vibration reduction method for the movable connection point of a base station antenna bracket employs the aforementioned mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of the base station antenna to implement vibration reduction. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S1: First, the base station antenna is pushed away from the base by an external push rod (in specific implementation, an electric push rod can be used). Under the joint support of the swing arm and the curved arm, the base station antenna deflects at a certain angle away from the axis of the corner rod. At this time, under the joint traction and pre-tension of the sprocket and the spool, the cable drives the arc plate to move a specified distance away from the base. Under the synergistic effect of the arc plate, the end plate controls the support column to force the ball to drive the ball pin to move synchronously away from the base.

[0043] At the same time, the electric slider in the ring rail drives the mouth ring to rotate. During the rotation of the mouth ring, the corner post, under the constraint of the mouth groove, drives the elastic gripper to move away from the cable axis until the cable can generate relative movement with the elastic gripper.

[0044] S2: Then, the support plate pulls the rope under the synergistic action of the disc ring. At this time, the ear seat acts as a connecting bridge between the roller and the shock absorber, so that the two form a joint motion. In this process, the roller acts as a movable pulley group. That is, when the disc ring moves a unit distance synchronously with the cable, the roller reduces the movement distance of the shock absorber, so as to ensure that the shock absorber is always in the middle area between the pipe joint and the shaft joint.

[0045] S3: Finally, under the control of the arc plate, the connecting rod synchronously causes the refracting plate to drive the split rack to move away from the base. During this process, the split rack continuously meshes with the gear. Subsequently, the gear meshes with the end rack at the same time. The end rack controls the plumb rod to drive another cable to move closer to the base. The oil plug compresses the oil level spring, and the rubber nail continuously strengthens the interaction force with the inner frame under the pressure of the oil.

[0046] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. This invention adds a cable between the base station antenna and the corner pole. When the base station antenna tilts, the cable strengthens the connection stiffness between the base station antenna and the corner pole. At the same time, it dynamically adjusts the actual hoisting position of the arc plate on the outer wall of the corner pole, so that the traction force of the cable can change linearly with the change of the base station antenna tilt angle. This allows for real-time dynamic adjustment of system stiffness, reduces vibration amplitude, and changes the overlap between the vibration frequency and the system's natural frequency to a certain extent, avoiding resonance damage and reducing fatigue accumulation at the moving connection points of the base station antenna.

[0048] 2. This invention adds lugs to the outer wall of the shock absorber, enabling the shock absorber and rollers to move together. Combined with the upright plate, support plate, and ropes, this forms a movable pulley assembly. As the disc ring moves synchronously with the cable a unit distance, the pulley assembly reduces the stroke, allowing the shock absorber to move synchronously with the cable for half the unit distance. This ensures that even when the lever arm of the cable changes, the shock absorber remains in the relative middle position between the pipe joint and the shaft joint, keeping it at the antinode of the vibration wave in the middle of the cable. This dynamic matching of the vibration antinode maintains efficient energy absorption and buffering in areas of concentrated cable vibration, preventing sudden changes in stiffness, reducing external impact transmission efficiency, and further improving hoisting stiffness. It brings the cable ends closer to a "fixed beam at both ends" model, increasing the natural frequency and moving it away from external impact frequencies, preventing resonance, reducing angular vibration at moving connection points, and effectively improving the service life of corresponding components. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment unit, main body unit, and buffer unit in this invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 2 Front view of the structure.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main unit in this invention.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of a partial structure of the adjustment unit of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A in the middle.

[0055] Figure 7 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point B.

[0056] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of a partial structure of the adjustment unit in this invention.

[0057] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the shock absorber and a portion thereof of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer unit in this invention.

[0059] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Substrate; 2. Adjustment unit; 3. Main unit; 4. Buffer unit;

[0060] 11. Chassis; 12. Angle rod; 13. Circular electric rail; 14. Angle groove; 15. Shaft disc; 16. Shaft seat;

[0061] 21. Ball joint; 22. Pipe fitting; 23. Cable; 24. Shaft fitting; 25. Connector; 26. Shock absorber; 27. Disc ring; 28. Support plate; 29. ​​Vertical plate;

[0062] 211. Rope; 212. Ear seat; 213. Roller; 214. Ball pin; 215. Ball bearing; 216. Arc plate; 217. End plate; 218. Support; 219. Bridging column;

[0063] 221. Ring rail; 222. Mouth ring; 223. Mouth groove; 224. Face ring; 225. Corner post; 226. Elastic gripper; 227. Hanging plate; 228. Shock-absorbing column; 229. Shock-absorbing spring;

[0064] 31. Base station antenna; 32. Outer hoop frame; 33. U-shaped frame; 34. Swing arm; 35. Curved arm; 36. Tail mount; 37. Outer port frame; 38. Inner port frame; 39. Cladding plate;

[0065] 311. Edge support bracket; 312. Sprocket; 313. Grille plate; 314. Panel plate; 315. Angle plate; 316. Spool; 317. Torsion spring;

[0066] 41. Vertical rod; 42. Oil plug; 43. End rack; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Refractive plate; 46. Split rack; 47. Wall panel; 48. End shaft; 49. Gear;

[0067] 411. Shock absorber tube; 412. Oil level spring; 413. Oil groove; 414. Rubber nail. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0069] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0070] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It is known that a mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna 31 includes a substrate 1, an adjustment unit 2 is provided on one side of the substrate 1, a main body unit 3 is provided in the external space of the substrate 1, and a buffer unit 4 is provided on one side of the adjustment unit 2.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that a base plate 11 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer space of the substrate 1. An angle rod 12 is snapped and installed in the middle of the base plate 11. An annular electric rail 13 is symmetrically snapped and installed on the outer wall of the angle rod 12. Annular grooves 14 are evenly opened in the circumference on the outer wall of the angle rod 12, and there are three of them. In addition, the arc plate 216 is slidably snapped and installed with the corner grooves 14. A shaft plate 15 is slidably snapped and installed between the opposite surfaces of the annular electric rail 13. In addition, the shaft plate 15 at the end away from the base is snapped and installed with the tail seat 36. A shaft seat 16 is symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the angle rod 12, and the shaft plate 15 is located between the two shaft seats 16 for connecting external devices.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the main body unit 3 includes: a base station antenna 31, which is detachably and snap-fitted onto the end face of the base plate 1 away from the cable 23 by bolts; two outer clamps 32, which are symmetrically snap-fitted onto the middle position of the end face of the base station antenna 31 near the cable 23 at both ends; a U-shaped frame 33, which is snap-fitted onto the middle position of the end face of the outer clamp 32 away from the base station antenna 31 on the side away from the base; a swing arm 34, which is rotatably fitted onto the end of the U-shaped frame 33 away from the outer clamp 32 by a rotating shaft; and a curved arm 35, which is rotatably fitted onto the end of the swing arm 34 away from the outer clamp 32 by a rotating shaft.

[0074] Tailstock 36 is rotatably mounted on the middle position of the end of the curved arm 35 away from the swing arm 34; outer frame 37 is snapped onto the middle position of the end face of the outer hoop 32 on the other side away from the base station antenna 31; inner frame 38 is rotatably mounted on the end of the outer frame 37 away from the outer hoop 32 via a rotating shaft; fitting plate 39 is detachably snapped onto the end of the inner frame 38 away from the outer frame 37 via bolts, and fitting plate 39 is snapped onto the shaft plate 15 on the side near the base.

[0075] Simplified process of multi-angle movement of base station antenna 31:

[0076] First, the ring-shaped electric rail 13 provides stable support to the shaft disk 15. In specific implementation, the shaft disk 15 can be driven by an electric slider (externally connected between the shaft disk 15 and the outer wall of the ring-shaped electric rail 13) under the support and guidance of the ring-shaped electric rail 13, thereby driving the base station antenna 31 to rotate by a specified angle.

[0077] Next, an external electric push rod (in a specific implementation, the electric push rod can be installed between the swing arm 34 and the curved arm 35, and the mounting base can be hinged to both the swing arm 34 and the curved arm 35) is used to push the base station antenna 31 to move away from the axis of the corner rod 12 (the U-shaped frame 33 effectively increases the space margin between the swing arm 34 and the outer hoop 32, reduces the dead angle range of the swing arm 34, improves the tilt angle adjustment range of the base station antenna 31, and ensures the real-time transmission accuracy of the signal). At this time, the tail seat 36 provides a stable rotation environment to the curved arm 35 under the stable connection of the shaft disk 15. Under the rotation of the curved arm 35, the swing arm 34 controls the end of the base station antenna 31 away from the base to move away from the axis of the corner rod 12.

[0078] Finally, the rotational engagement between the outer frame 37 and the inner frame 38 adaptively provides angular compliance engagement to the rotation of the aforementioned swing arm 34 and curved arm 35, fully ensuring the feasibility of the vertical tilt angle adjustment scheme of the base station antenna 31 in the direction away from the axis of the corner rod 12;

[0079] Furthermore, the movable and detachable connection between the mating plate 39 and the inner frame 38 simplifies the maintenance process for repair personnel. In conjunction with the buffer unit 4, it enhances the shock resistance during the tilt adjustment of the base station antenna 31, dynamically adapts to external impact loads, and adaptively adjusts the connection stiffness between the mating plate 39 and the inner frame 38 (breaking the unbuffered impact amplification effect of traditional rigid connections, reducing the "rigid short circuit" phenomenon in the corresponding force flow path, and avoiding the instantaneous peak load of the aforementioned movable connection point from bearing the external impact force in real time), thus moving away from the natural frequency and reducing the generation of resonance.

[0080] Chassis 11 and axle seat 16: Under certain conditions, they can serve as an expandable installation platform, allowing for the addition of sensors, brackets, and other structures at any time without secondary processing, thus reducing installation costs. At the same time, they can provide distributed optimized load-bearing for external structures to a certain extent, thereby improving structural stability.

[0081] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 It is known that the adjustment unit 2 includes: a ball head 21, which is ball-hinged and installed at the middle position of one end face of the base plate 1; a pipe joint 22, which is ball-hinged and installed at the middle position of the outer wall of the ball head 21 away from the base plate 1; a cable 23, which is telescopically installed inside the pipe joint 22, with the other end of the cable 23 extending out of the pipe joint 22; a shaft joint 24, which is snapped and installed on the outer wall of the other end of the cable 23; a cross-shaped bracket 25, which is snapped and installed between the opposite faces of the pipe joint 22 and the shaft joint 24; a shock absorber 26, which is sleeved and installed at the middle position of the outer wall of the cable 23; a disc ring 27, which is snapped and installed on the outer wall of the end of the cable 23 near the shaft joint 24; a support plate 28, which is snapped and installed at the middle position of the outer wall of one side of the disc ring 27; and a vertical plate 29, which is snapped and installed at the middle position of the inner wall of the horizontal section of the cross-shaped bracket 25.

[0082] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9It can be seen that a rope 211 is installed together between the upright plate 29 and the support plate 28. The end face of the pipe joint 22 near the port frame 25 is symmetrically fitted with ear seats 212. The two ear seats 212 are rotatably fitted with a roller 213, which pulls the rope 211. The middle position of the end face of the shaft joint 24 away from the pipe joint 22 is ball-jointed with a ball pin 214, and two cables 23 extend through the ball pin 214. The other cable 23 is coaxially fitted with the inside of the joint 24. A ball bearing 215 is ball-jointed with the outer wall of the ball pin 214. An arc plate 216 is set in the space on the side of the ball bearing 215 away from the shaft joint 24. The end face of the arc plate 216 near the shaft joint 24 is symmetrically fitted with an end plate 217. The two end plates 217 are rotatably fitted with a support column 218 that is ball-jointed with the ball bearing 215.

[0083] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that both ends of the shock absorber 26 are fitted with ring rails 221. A mouth ring 222 is rotatably fitted on the side of the ring rail 221 away from the shock absorber 26. The outer end face of the mouth ring 222 has evenly spaced grooves 223, and the grooves 223 have an arc-shaped cross-section. A face ring 224 is rotatably fitted on the side of the mouth ring 222 away from the ring rail 221. The outer end face of the face ring 224 has evenly spaced keyways and corresponding keyways. A corner post 225 is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the groove 223. The corner post 225 is located away from the... One end of the ring rail 221 is fitted with an elastic gripper 226, and the end of the elastic gripper 226 near the axis of the ring rail 221 is chamfered to match the outer wall end face of the cable 23. A hanging plate 227 is fitted with the face ring 224 near the middle of the outer wall of the port frame 25. A shock-absorbing column 228 is fitted with the hanging plate 227 and slidably fitted with the inner wall of the vertical section of the port frame 25 near the hanging plate 227. A shock-absorbing spring 229 is fitted with the outer wall of the shock-absorbing column 228 and located between the vertical section of the port frame 25 and the hanging plate 227.

[0084] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6It is known that a side-line bracket 311 is snapped onto the middle position of the end of the base station antenna 31 away from the base station antenna 31. A sprocket 312 is rotatably mounted on the middle position of the end of the side-line bracket 311 away from the base station antenna 31 via a rotating shaft. The sprocket 312 is snapped onto the cable 23 extending from the ball pin 214. A guard plate 313 is snapped onto the shaft disc 15 on the side of the angle rod 12 away from the base. A plate 314 is symmetrically snapped onto the end face of the guard plate 313 away from the axis of the angle rod 12. An angle plate 315 is rotatably mounted between the two plates 314 via a rotating shaft. There are two angle plates 315, which are symmetrically distributed. A wire wheel 316 is snapped onto the two angle plates 315 together to pull and pre-tighten the cable 23. A torsion spring 317 is snapped onto the angle plate 315 and the plate 314.

[0085] When the tilt angle of the base station antenna 31 is changed, the positions of the shock absorber 26 and the arc plate 216 change synchronously:

[0086] First, under the control of the side support 311, the sprocket 312 moves synchronously with the base station antenna 31. At this time, the sprocket 312 drags the cable 23 (during this process, the cable 23 in the moving state is supported and pulled by the cable wheel 316. At the same time, the elastic variable of the torsion spring 317 provides a stable restoring support force between the corner plate 315 and the plate 314, ensuring that the cable wheel 316 provides elastic support for the cable 23. It can also absorb energy and buffer the impact vibration generated by the torsion spring 317 on the cable 23 to a certain extent, thereby improving the service life of the cable 23). After that, the ball pin 214 moves synchronously with the cable 23 a distance away from the base.

[0087] Next, through the movable connection between the shaft connector 24 and the ball bearing 215, the ball bearing 215 synchronously drives the support column 218 to move a specified distance away from the base (the purpose of the hinged installation of the ball bearing 215, the support column 218, and the ball pin 214 is to fully release the freedom of the ball pin 214 in the movement of following the cable 23, avoid rigid collision limit between the shaft connector 24 and the support column 218, and ensure the synchronicity and safety of the movement between the ball pin 214 and the cable 23). Through the continuous connection between the support column 218, the end plate 217, and the arc plate 216, it is ensured that the arc plate 216 synchronously follows the cable 23 to move away from the base.

[0088] Finally, under the control of cable 23, the disc ring 27 drives the shock absorber 26 to move along the axis of pipe joint 22 through bridging column 219. During this process, the ear seat 212 causes the movement between roller 213 and shock absorber 26 to be unified. The support plate 28, rope 211, upright plate 29 and roller 213 together form a movable pulley group, which changes the consistency of the movement distance between shock absorber 26 and cable 23, so that the movement distance of shock absorber 26 is half the movement distance of cable 23 (the single movement displacement of cable 23 under the traction of sprocket 312 changes the overall lever arm length between angle rod 12 and base plate 1. Therefore, at this time, the overall change of lever arm Δx of shock absorber 26 (assuming the position remains unchanged) is twice the difference between the middle position of shock absorber 26 and the changed lever arm). This ensures that the middle area between shock absorber 26 and the aforementioned lever arm always coincides (ensuring that shock absorber 26 always acts at the antinode of the lever arm, achieving continuous and efficient energy absorption and buffering).

[0089] The elastic gripper 226, in conjunction with the disc ring 27 and the bridging post 219, enables the adjustment of the connection between the shock absorber 26 and the cable 23.

[0090] When adjusting the tilt angle of base station antenna 31:

[0091] First, the ring 222 is supported and guided by the ring rail 221 (in practice, the ring 222 can be driven by an electric slider to make continuous circular motion around the axis of the ring rail 221). In practice, the inner diameter of the ring rail 221 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable 23.

[0092] Next, the corner post 225 in the rotating state is guided and limited by the slot 223 (in specific implementation, the rigid connection between the face ring 224 and the ring rail 221 can be achieved by an external structure), causing the corner post 225 to move away from or towards the axis of the cable 23 along the slot 223 and the keyway.

[0093] Finally, under the synchronous action of the corner post 225, the elastic gripper 226 (and in specific implementation, a steel post can be added to the end of the elastic gripper 226 near the cable 23 to further reduce the damage of the elastic gripper 226 to the surface of the cable 23; at the same time, by ensuring the clamping stiffness between the elastic gripper 226 and the cable 23 through its own elastic variable, the radial runout of the cable 23 is alleviated to a certain extent) continuously engages and disengages with the cable 23 in different states or time periods, thereby adjusting the relative motion state between the shock absorber 26 and the cable 23 in real time (to match the tilt angle of the base station antenna 31).

[0094] Shock-absorbing spring 229 and shock-absorbing column 228: Similarly, the elastic gripper 226 can be used as a reference to assist the shock absorber 26, providing a certain energy absorption buffer for the axial impact on the cable 23, and at the same time providing a certain support for the reset of the shock absorber 26.

[0095] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 It is known that the buffer unit 4 includes: a vertical rod 41, which is hinged and installed at the end of another cable 23 away from the ball pin 214; an oil plug 42, which is snapped onto the end of the vertical rod 41 away from the ball pin 214; an end rack 43, which is snapped onto the outer wall of the end of the vertical rod 41 near the ball pin 214; a connecting rod 44, which is snapped onto the middle position of the end face of the arc plate 216 near the base; and a light-reflecting plate 45, which is snapped onto the end of the connecting rod 44 away from the arc plate 216; and the light-reflecting plate 45 is in the same position as the corner groove 14. The components are installed by sliding and snapping together; the split rack 46 is snapped together and installed at the middle position of the end face of the refracting plate 45 on the side away from the axis of the corner rod 12; the wall panels 47 are installed in groups of two, at least three groups, and are evenly snapped together and installed at the middle position of the outer wall of the corner rod 12; the end shaft 48 is rotatably installed between the two wall panels 47 in the same group; the gear 49 is snapped together and installed at the middle position of the outer wall of the end shaft 48, and the gear 49 is simultaneously meshed with the end rack 43 and the split rack 46.

[0096] Reference Figure 10 It can be seen that the shock absorber tube 411, which is slidably snapped into the oil plug 42, is evenly inserted into the shaft disc 15 near the base. The bottom wall of the shock absorber tube 411 and the oil plug 42 are jointly snapped into the oil level spring 412. An oil groove 413 is opened between the shaft disc 15, the fitting plate 39 and the shock absorber tube 411 near the base. A rubber nail 414 is slidably snapped into the oil groove 413.

[0097] During the tilt adjustment of the base station antenna 31, the dynamic adjustment process of the contact force between the adhesive nail 414 and the mating plate 39 and the inner frame 38 is as follows:

[0098] First, under the synchronous action of the arc plate 216, the connecting rod 44 controls the refracting plate 45 to move away from (or closer to) the base. During this process, the split rack 46 moves synchronously with the refracting plate 45 until the split rack 46 meshes with the gear 49.

[0099] Next, during the movement, the split rack 46 continuously meshes with the gear 49. At the same time, the gear 49 meshes with the end rack 43. Subsequently, the end rack 43 synchronously controls the vertical rod 41 to drive the oil plug 42 to move closer to the damping tube 411 (in specific implementation, lubricating oil is filled between the oil plug 42 and the oil level spring 412, and a sealing ring is added at the connection end between the damping tube 411 and the shaft disc 15 to fully reduce the probability of lubricating oil seeping to the outside).

[0100] Finally, as the oil plug 42 moves toward the shaft disk 15, the oil level spring 412 is compressed to a certain extent (through the elastic variable of the oil level spring 412 itself, a stable driving force is provided to the return motion of the vertical rod 41). Under the fluid compression of the lubricating oil, the rubber nail 414 linearly changes its interaction force with the mating plate 39 and the inner frame 38 (in conjunction with the aforementioned linear change in the traction force of the cable 23, the connection stiffness of the connection point between the mating plate 39 and the inner frame 38 is dynamically adjusted (to match the tilt angle of the base station antenna 31), moving away from the natural frequency and reducing the accumulation of mechanical fatigue damage caused by resonance).

[0101] The working principle of the mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of base station antenna 31 provided by the present invention is as follows: First step: First, the base station antenna 31 is pushed away from the base by an external push rod (in specific implementation, an electric push rod can be used). Under the joint support of the swing arm 34 and the curved arm 35, the base station antenna 31 deflects a certain angle away from the axis of the corner rod 12. At this time, under the joint traction and pre-tension of the sprocket 312 and the spool 316, the cable 23 drives the arc plate 216 to move a specified distance away from the base. Under the synergistic effect of the arc plate 216, the end plate 217 controls the support column 218 to force the ball 215 to drive the ball pin 214 to move synchronously away from the base.

[0102] At the same time, the electric slider in the annular rail 13 drives the mouth ring 222 to rotate. During the rotation of the mouth ring 222, the corner post 225, under the limitation of the mouth groove 223, drives the elastic gripper 226 to move away from the axis of the cable 23 until the cable 23 can generate relative movement with the elastic gripper 226.

[0103] Step 2: Next, the support plate 28, in coordination with the disc ring 27, pulls the rope 211. At this time, the ear seat 212 serves as a connecting bridge between the roller 213 and the shock absorber 26, making them a unified motion unit. During this process, the roller 213 acts as a movable pulley system. That is, when the disc ring 27 moves a unit distance in sync with the cable 23, the roller 213 reduces the travel distance of the shock absorber 26, thereby ensuring that the shock absorber 26 is always in the middle area between the pipe joint 22 and the shaft joint 24.

[0104] Step 3: Finally, under the control of the arc plate 216, the connecting rod 44 synchronously causes the refracting plate 45 to drive the split rack 46 to move away from the base. During this process, the split rack 46 continuously meshes with the gear 49. Subsequently, the gear 49 simultaneously meshes with the end rack 43. The end rack 43 controls the plumb rod 41 to drive another cable 23 to move closer to the base. The oil plug 42 compresses the oil level spring 412, and the rubber nail 414 continuously strengthens the interaction force with the inner frame 38 under the pressure of the oil.

[0105] The circuits and controls involved in this invention are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna, comprising a substrate (1), characterized in that: An adjustment unit (2) is provided on one side of the substrate (1), a main body unit (3) is provided in the outer space of the substrate (1), and a buffer unit (4) is provided on one side of the adjustment unit (2). The adjustment unit (2) includes: The ball head (21) is mounted on the middle position of one end face of the substrate (1) by a ball hinge. The pipe joint (22) is ball-jointed and installed at the middle position of the outer wall on the side of the ball head (21) away from the base plate (1); The cable (23) is telescopically installed inside the pipe joint (22), and the other end of the cable (23) extends out of the pipe joint (22). The shaft connector (24) is snapped onto the outer wall of the other end of the cable (23); The connector bracket (25) is snap-fitted between the opposite surfaces of the pipe connector (22) and the shaft connector (24); The shock absorber (26) is fitted and installed in the middle of the outer wall of the cable (23); The disc ring (27) is snapped onto the outer wall of the cable (23) near the shaft connector (24); The support plate (28) is snapped into the middle position of the outer wall on one side of the disc ring (27); The upright plate (29) is snapped into place at the middle position of the horizontal section inner wall of the frame (25); A rope (211) is connected between the upright plate (29) and the support plate (28). A lug (212) is symmetrically connected to the end face of the pipe joint (22) near the mouthpiece (25). A roller (213) is mounted between the two lugs (212) in a rotating fit. The roller (213) pulls the rope (211). A ball pin (214) is ball-jointed at the middle position of the end face away from the pipe joint (22), and two cables (23) extend through the ball pin (214). The other cable (23) is coaxially connected to the connector (2). 4) Internal telescopic snap-fit ​​installation: a ball (215) is installed on the outer wall of the ball pin (214) with a ball hinge. An arc plate (216) is provided on the side of the ball (215) away from the shaft joint (24). An end plate (217) is installed symmetrically on the end face of the arc plate (216) near the shaft joint (24). The two end plates (217) are rotated together and installed with a support column (218) that is ball hinged with the ball (215). A bridging column (219) is installed circumferentially and evenly on the end face of the disc ring (27) near the pipe joint (22). Both ends of the shock absorber (26) are fitted with ring rails (221). A mouth ring (222) is rotatably fitted on the side of the ring rail (221) away from the shock absorber (26). The outer end face of the mouth ring (222) is evenly provided with grooves (223) in a circumferential direction, and the cross-section of the grooves (223) is arc-shaped. A face ring (224) is rotatably fitted on the side of the mouth ring (222) away from the ring rail (221). The outer end face of the face ring (224) is evenly provided with keyways that match the keyways in a circumferential direction. An angle post (225) is slidably fitted on the inner wall of the groove (223). The angle post (225) is located away from the ring rail. (221) One end is fitted with an elastic gripper (226), and the end of the elastic gripper (226) near the axis of the ring rail (221) is chamfered to match the outer wall end face of the cable (23). The face ring (224) is fitted with a hanging plate (227) in the middle position of the outer wall of the side of the mortise frame (25). The middle position of the vertical section inner wall of the mortise frame (25) near the hanging plate (227) is fitted with a shock-absorbing column (228) that is slidably fitted with the hanging plate (227). The outer wall of the shock-absorbing column (228) is fitted with a shock-absorbing spring (229) located between the vertical section of the mortise frame (25) and the hanging plate (227). The buffer unit (4) includes: A vertical rod (41) is hinged to the other end of the cable (23) away from the ball pin (214); The oil plug (42) is snapped onto the end of the vertical rod (41) away from the ball pin (214); The end rack (43) is snapped onto the outer wall of the end of the vertical rod (41) near the ball pin (214); The connecting rod (44) is snapped into the middle of the end face of the arc plate (216) near the base; The refracting plate (45) is snapped onto the end of the connecting rod (44) away from the arc plate (216); and the refracting plate (45) is slidably snapped onto the corner groove (14) for installation. The split rack (46) is snapped and installed at the middle position of the end face of the refracting plate (45) away from the axis of the angle bar (12); The wall panels (47) are installed in pairs, with at least three pairs, and are evenly snapped together in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the outer wall of the corner bar (12); The end shaft (48) is rotatably fitted between the two wall panels (47) in the same group; The gear (49) is snapped and installed in the middle position of the outer wall of the end shaft (48), and the gear (49) is simultaneously meshed with the end rack (43) and the split rack (46); The main body unit (3) includes: The base station antenna (31) is mounted on the end face of the substrate (1) away from the cable (23) by means of a bolt detachable snap-fit.

2. The mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base plate (11) is fixedly installed on one side of the substrate (1). An angle rod (12) is snapped into the middle of the base plate (11). A ring-shaped electric rail (13) is symmetrically snapped into the outer wall of the angle rod (12). Angle grooves (14) are evenly opened in the circumference of the outer wall of the angle rod (12), and there are three of them. In addition, the arc plate (216) is slidably snapped into the angle grooves (14). A shaft plate (15) is slidably snapped into the opposite surfaces of the ring-shaped electric rails (13). In addition, the shaft plate (15) at the end away from the base is snapped into the tailstock (36). A shaft seat (16) is symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the angle rod (12). The shaft plate (15) is located between the two shaft seats (16) for connecting external devices.

3. The mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main body unit (3) also includes: Two outer clamps (32) are installed symmetrically on the middle of the end face of the base station antenna (31) near the cable (23); The U-shaped frame (33) is snapped into place at the middle position of the end face of the outer hoop (32) on the side away from the base station antenna (31); The swing arm (34) is mounted on the U-shaped frame (33) away from the outer hoop (32) by rotating through a pivot. The curved arm (35) is mounted on the end of the swing arm (34) away from the outer hoop (32) by rotating through a pivot. Tailstock (36) is rotatably mounted on the middle position of the end of the crank arm (35) away from the swing arm (34); The outer frame (37) is snapped onto the middle of the end face of the outer hoop frame (32) on the other side away from the base station antenna (31); The inner frame (38) is rotatably mounted on the outer frame (37) at the end away from the outer hoop (32) via a rotating shaft; The fitting plate (39) is detachably bolted and snapped onto the end of the inner frame (38) away from the outer frame (37), and the fitting plate (39) is snapped and fitted onto the shaft disc (15) near the base.

4. The mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: A side-line bracket (311) is snapped onto the middle position of the end of the base station antenna (31) away from the base. A sprocket (312) is rotatably mounted on the middle position of the end of the side-line bracket (311) away from the base station antenna (31). The sprocket (312) is snapped onto the cable (23) extending from the ball pin (214). A guard plate (313) is snapped onto the shaft disc (15) on the side of the corner rod (12) away from the base. The guard plate (313) is located away from the corner rod. (12) A plate (314) is symmetrically snapped onto one end face of the axis. Angle plate (315) is installed between the two plates (314) through a rotating shaft. There are two angle plates (315) and they are symmetrically distributed. A wire wheel (316) is snapped onto the two angle plates (315) together to pull and pre-tighten the cable (23). A torsion spring (317) is snapped onto the angle plate (315) and the plate (314).

5. The mechanical transmission device for multi-angle adaptive adjustment of a base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft disc (15) near the base is circumferentially and uniformly inserted with a shock-absorbing tube (411) that is slidably and snapped into the oil plug (42). An oil level spring (412) is installed between the bottom wall of the shock-absorbing tube (411) and the oil plug (42). An oil groove (413) is opened between the shaft disc (15), the fitting plate (39) and the shock-absorbing tube (411) near the base. A rubber nail (414) is installed inside the oil groove (413) in a sliding snap-fit ​​manner.

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