Preparation method of ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material processing. The preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution provided by the invention comprises the following steps: slicing gastrodia elata, adding water, and performing ultrahigh pressure and supercritical extraction to obtain the gastrodia elata concentrated solution; crushing the lucid ganoderma, and steaming and processing for nine times by using the gastrodia elata concentrated solution; slicing Chinese dates, and frying until the Chinese dates are slightly burnt; the spina date seeds are stir-fried until the spina date seeds bulge and the color of the spina date seeds is slightly darkened; and compounding the stir-fried Chinese dates and spina date seeds with the ganoderma lucidum powder which is steamed and processed for nine times, adding water for steaming, taking the steamed Chinese date and ganoderma lucidum powder compound, adding water for ultrahigh pressure extraction, and concentrating the obtained extracting solution to obtain the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution. According to the method, the content of active ingredients in the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution can be increased, and the stability of the active ingredients can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material processing, in particular to a method for preparing a ganoderma lucidum concentrated liquid. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum is a large fungus with a long history of medicinal use. It belongs to the genus Ganoderma in the Polyporaceae family. Known as the "immortal grass" in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganoderma is used to enhance immunity, slow aging, and treat chronic diseases. Modern medical research demonstrates its significant effects in anti-tumor, immune regulation, and cardiovascular protection.

[0003] While there are various extraction methods for Ganoderma lucidum concentrate, each method has certain drawbacks that affect extraction efficiency, retention of active ingredients, and final product quality. For example, water extraction is inefficient for certain fat-soluble components (such as triterpenes); organic solvent extraction may cause Eugeo to remain in the final product, posing a safety hazard; ultrasound-assisted extraction is costly, and prolonged or high-intensity ultrasound may destroy certain active ingredients; and enzymatic hydrolysis requires strict control of reaction conditions such as temperature and pH, resulting in complex operations and the production of byproducts that may affect final quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to provide a method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum concentrate that can not only increase the content of active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate, but also improve the stability of the active ingredients, reduce storage requirements, and reduce production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum concentrated liquid, thereby increasing the content and stability of the active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrated liquid.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum concentrated liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) adding water to slice the Gastrodia elata, first subjecting the slices to ultrahigh pressure cell wall breaking treatment, and then performing step-by-step ultrahigh pressure extraction to obtain the Gastrodia elata extract;

[0009] The Gastrodia elata extract is then subjected to supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to obtain Gastrodia elata concentrate;

[0010] 2) crushing the Ganoderma lucidum and then steaming and processing it nine times with the Gastrodia elata concentrate;

[0011] 3) Slice the jujube and stir-fry until slightly charred;

[0012] 4) Stir-fry the seeds of the Chinese date palm until they swell and become slightly darker in color;

[0013] 5) Compounding the stir-fried jujubes and sour jujube kernels with the nine-steamed and nine-processed ganoderma lucidum powder, adding water for steaming, taking the steamed jujube and ganoderma lucidum powder complex, adding water for ultrahigh pressure extraction, and concentrating the obtained extract to obtain a ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0014] Preferably, the amount of water added in step 1) is 10 to 20 times the mass of Gastrodia elata, and the ultrahigh pressure conditions are: pressure of 300 to 600 MPa, and time of 5 to 15 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, the stepwise ultrahigh pressure extraction in step 1) is performed once at 200-250 MPa, 300-350 MPa, and 500-550 MPa respectively;

[0016] The extraction time is 10 to 15 minutes.

[0017] Preferably, the mesh size of the Ganoderma lucidum crushed in step 2) is 40 to 60 meshes.

[0018] Preferably, the specific operation of the nine-steaming and nine-processing in step 2) is: steaming at 100-105° C. for 2-3 hours each time, drying for 6 hours, and repeating 9 times.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of jujube to Ganoderma lucidum powder in step 4) is 1-2:0.5-1:5-10.

[0020] Preferably, the steaming conditions in step 4) are: steaming at 100-105°C for 0.5-1h, the ultra-high pressure extraction conditions are: pressure of 200-300 MPa, time of 10-15 min, and the amount of water added in the ultra-high pressure extraction is 10-15 times the mass of the jujube and ganoderma lucidum powder complex.

[0021] Preferably, the concentration conditions in step 4) are: vacuum concentration pressure of 0.08-0.1 MPa, temperature of 60-70° C., and concentration to a relative density of 1.0-1.3.

[0022] The present invention also provides the Ganoderma lucidum concentrated liquid prepared by the above preparation method.

[0023] The preparation method of the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate provided by the present invention significantly improves the extraction efficiency and extraction rate of active ingredients in Gastrodia elata, Ganoderma lucidum, jujube and jujube kernel through ultrahigh pressure combined with carbon dioxide supercritical extraction and staged cooking technology. In addition, the Ganoderma lucidum is subjected to nine-steaming and nine-processing steps using the Gastrodia elata concentrate, and the jujube and jujube kernel are subjected to ultrahigh pressure extraction, thereby improving the stability of the active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum, making the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate easier to store, and reducing the residual harmful substances in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a bar chart showing the ABTS free radical scavenging ability of the Ganoderma lucidum concentrates prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 measured in Experimental Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The ganoderma used in the following examples is all Ganoderma lucidum

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Take 100g of Gastrodia elata, slice it, add 1.5L of water, and then perform ultra-high pressure wall breaking treatment at a pressure of 400MPa for 10min. Then, perform ultra-high pressure extraction at 200MPa, 300MPa, and 500MPa for 15min to obtain Gastrodia elata extract. The Gastrodia elata extract is prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to obtain Gastrodia elata concentrate for standby use; take 200g of Ganoderma lucidum, crush it to 50 mesh, and use Gastrodia elata concentrate to perform nine steaming and nine processing, steaming for 2h each time at 100°C, drying for 6h, and repeating 9 times (pay attention to the amount of water during the period to prevent The method comprises the following steps: taking 40 g of jujube, removing the core, cutting the jujube into slices (about 3 mm), and stir-frying the slices until they are slightly charred; taking 20 g of sour jujube kernels, and stir-frying the kernels over a low heat until the kernels swell and become slightly darker in color; mixing the ganoderma lucidum powder obtained by nine steamings and nine processings with the stir-fried jujube and sour jujube kernels, steaming the mixture with water at 100° C. for 40 min, and then performing ultrahigh pressure extraction. 3 L of water is added, and ultrahigh pressure extraction is performed at 200 MPa for 10 min. The extract is vacuum concentrated at 65° C. and a pressure of 0.1 MPa to a relative density of 1.2 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Take 100g of Gastrodia elata, slice it, add 1L of water, and then perform ultra-high pressure wall breaking treatment at a pressure of 300MPa for 5min. Then, perform ultra-high pressure extraction at 200MPa, 300MPa, and 500MPa for 10min respectively to obtain Gastrodia elata extract. The Gastrodia elata extract is prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to obtain Gastrodia elata concentrate for standby use; take 200g of Ganoderma lucidum, crush it into 40 meshes, and use the Gastrodia elata concentrate to perform nine steaming and nine processing treatments, steaming at 100°C for 2h each time, drying for 6h, and repeating 9 times (pay attention to the amount of water during the period to prevent evaporation). ); remove the core of 40g of jujube and slice it (about 3mm), then stir-fry until slightly charred; take 20g of Chinese jujube kernels and stir-fry them over low heat until the kernels swell and become slightly darker in color; mix the nine-steamed and nine-processed Ganoderma lucidum powder with the stir-fried jujube and Chinese jujube kernels, first steam them with water at 100°C for 30min, then perform ultrahigh pressure extraction, add 2.4L of water and perform ultrahigh pressure extraction at 200MPa for 10min, and concentrate the extract under vacuum at 65°C and a pressure of 0.1MPa to a relative density of 1.2 to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] Take 100g of Gastrodia elata, add 2L of water after slicing, and then perform ultra-high pressure wall breaking treatment for 15min at a pressure of 600MPa. Then, extract at 200MPa, 300MPa, and 500MPa for 15min to obtain Gastrodia elata extract. The Gastrodia elata extract is prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to obtain Gastrodia elata concentrate for standby use; Take 200g of Ganoderma lucidum and crush it to 60 mesh. Use Gastrodia elata concentrate to perform nine-steaming and nine-processing treatment, steam for 3h at 100°C each time, spread for 6h, and repeat 9 times (pay attention to the amount of water to prevent steaming during the period). dry); remove the core of 40 g of jujube and cut it into slices (about 3 mm), then stir-fry until slightly charred; take 20 g of Chinese jujube kernels and stir-fry them over low heat until the kernels swell and become slightly darker in color; mix the nine-steamed and nine-processed Ganoderma lucidum powder with the stir-fried jujube and Chinese jujube kernels, first steam them with water at 100° C. for 60 min, then perform ultrahigh pressure extraction, add 3.6 L of water, perform ultrahigh pressure extraction at 200 MPa for 15 min, and concentrate the extract under vacuum at 65° C. and a pressure of 0.1 MPa to a relative density of 1.2 to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] Take 200g of Ganoderma lucidum powder crushed to 50 mesh, add 2L of water, boil for 40 minutes, and filter to obtain the first filtrate; take the filter residue and add 10 times the weight of water, continue to boil for 40 minutes, filter to obtain the second filtrate, combine the two filtrates and concentrate to a relative density of 1.2 to obtain water-extracted Ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0035] Comparative Example 2

[0036] Take 200g of Ganoderma lucidum powder crushed to 50 mesh, steam it with water at 100℃ for 60min, then perform ultra-high pressure extraction, add 2L of water and perform ultra-high pressure extraction at 200MPa for 15min, and vacuum concentrate the extract at 65℃ and pressure of 0.1MPa to a relative density of 1.2 to obtain ultra-high pressure extracted Ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

[0037] Test Example 1

[0038] The Ganoderma lucidum concentrate prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was taken, and the polysaccharide content in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate was determined by the anthraquinone-copper sulfate method (refer to Li Chengyuan, Cai Xiao. Comparison of two methods for determining the content of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides [J]. China Pharmacy, 2009(18):2.); the content of ganoderic acid A in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (refer to Jiang Liqing et al. "Determination of the content of ganoderic acid A in Rongbao Ganoderma lucidum No. 1 by high performance liquid chromatography." West China Medical Journal 3(2013):4.); the content of Ganoderma lucidum flavonoids in the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and converted into the content in the dry weight of Ganoderma lucidum powder. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0039] Table 1 Content of active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum powder

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] As shown in Table 1, the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate prepared in Example 1 has significantly higher contents of polysaccharides, ganoderic acid A and flavonoids than those in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, indicating that ultrahigh pressure extraction combined with the nine-steaming and nine-processing process can more effectively extract the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0043] Test Example 2

[0044] Determination of ABTS Free Radical Scavenging Ability of Ganoderma Lucidum Concentrate

[0045] Take 10 ml of 7 mmol / L ABTS and 2.45 mmol / L potassium persulfate, mix them, and react in the dark for 12 hours to obtain ABTS. + The solution was diluted with water to an absorbance of 0.70±0.02 at 734nm to obtain ABTS+ working solution. 0.5ml of the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was taken into a test tube, and then ABTS+ working solution was added to make the volume 10ml. After shaking, the mixture was placed at room temperature for 6 minutes and the absorbance was measured at 734nm. VC and BHT were used as positive controls to calculate the ABTS free radical scavenging rate. Figure 1 As shown, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0046] ABTS free radical scavenging rate / % = [1-(Ai-Aj) / A0] × 100

[0047] Where: A0-blank control absorbance (0.5mL water, add ABTS+ solution to 10mL)

[0048] Ai-absorbance of sample group (0.5mL sample, add ABTS+ solution to 10mL)

[0049] Aj-sample background absorbance (0.5mL sample, add water to 10mL)

[0050] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate prepared in Example 1 has significantly improved ABTS free radical scavenging ability compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and shows stronger antioxidant activity. It can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum concentrate extracted by synergistically extracting Gastrodia elata, jujube and Ziziphus jujuba seeds under ultra-high pressure conditions has a significant improvement in antioxidant properties.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) slicing the Gastrodia elata, adding water, and first subjecting the slices to ultrahigh pressure cell wall breaking treatment, and then performing step-by-step ultrahigh pressure extraction to obtain the Gastrodia elata extract; The Gastrodia elata extract is then subjected to supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to obtain Gastrodia elata concentrate; 2) crushing the Ganoderma lucidum and then steaming and processing it nine times with the Gastrodia elata concentrate; 3) Slice the jujube and stir-fry until slightly charred; 4) Stir-fry the seeds of the Chinese date palm until they swell and become slightly darker in color; 5) Compounding the stir-fried jujubes and sour jujube kernels with the nine-steamed and nine-processed ganoderma lucidum powder, adding water for steaming, taking the steamed jujube and ganoderma lucidum powder complex, adding water for ultrahigh pressure extraction, and concentrating the obtained extract to obtain a ganoderma lucidum concentrate.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The amount of water added in step 1) is 10 to 20 times the mass of Gastrodia elata, and the conditions of the ultra-high pressure wall-breaking treatment are: pressure of 300 to 600 MPa, and time of 5 to 15 minutes.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The stepwise ultrahigh pressure extraction in step 1) is performed once at 200-250 MPa, 300-350 MPa, and 500-550 MPa respectively; The extraction time is 10 to 15 minutes.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The mesh size of the Ganoderma lucidum crushed in step 2) is 40 to 60 meshes.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The specific operation of the nine-steaming and nine-processing in step 2) is: steaming at 100-105° C. for 2-3 hours each time, spreading and airing for 6 hours, and repeating 9 times.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the jujube, the sour jujube kernel and the ganoderma lucidum powder in step 5) is 1-2:0.5-1:5-10.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The steaming conditions in step 5) are: steaming at 100-105° C. for 0.5-1 h, the ultrahigh pressure extraction conditions are: pressure of 200-300 MPa, time of 10-15 min, and the amount of water added in the ultrahigh pressure extraction is 10-15 times the mass of the jujube and ganoderma lucidum powder complex.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The concentration conditions in step 5) are: vacuum concentration pressure of 0.08-0.1 MPa, temperature of 60-70° C., and concentration to a relative density of 1.0-1.

3.

9. A Ganoderma lucidum concentrate prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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