Appearance defect detection system for PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

Abstract

The invention discloses a PCB appearance defect detection system, and relates to the field of defect detection. The PCB appearance defect detection system comprises a rack, a conveying unit, a code scanning unit, a detection unit, an overturning unit, a storage unit, a feeding mechanical arm, a discharging mechanical arm and a partition paper bin. According to the PCB appearance defect detection system, when OK is detected, discharging is directly carried out, when NG is detected, materials are placed on the storage unit through the discharging mechanical arm, meanwhile, every time one piece of NG material is placed, the discharging mechanical arm adsorbs one piece of separation paper from the separation paper bin and places the separation paper on the NG material, then the multiple pieces of NG material are placed in a separated mode, and therefore complete automatic detection is formed; by means of the arrangement, when one piece of NG material is placed at the same time, the discharging mechanical arm adsorbs one piece of separation paper from the separation paper bin and places the separation paper on the NG material, then the multiple pieces of NG material are placed in a separated mode, and the situation that due to abrasion, secondary damage occurs between the NG materials is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of defect detection, and in particular to a PCB board appearance defect detection system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the electronics manufacturing industry, the appearance quality of PCB boards, as core components, directly affects the performance of the entire device. Traditional manual inspection methods suffer from low efficiency, high missed detection rates, and high labor intensity, and are no longer able to meet the needs of large-scale production. Although existing automatic inspection equipment has achieved partial mechanization, it generally suffers from the following defects:

[0003] Insufficient detection efficiency: The existing technology uses a fixed detection mechanism with a detection cycle of up to 15 seconds per piece;

[0004] Defects in handling NG products: In the existing technology, NG products are simply stacked, which may cause secondary damage between the NG products due to friction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a PCB board appearance defect detection system, which solves the problem that although the existing automatic detection equipment is partially mechanized, it generally has insufficient detection efficiency and NG product processing defects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A PCB board appearance defect detection system, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] A conveying unit, which is installed above the frame;

[0009] The code scanning unit is fixedly installed above the feeding end of the conveying unit;

[0010] A detection unit is installed on the front side of the conveying unit, and the detection unit is provided in two groups;

[0011] A flip unit, which is installed between the two sets of detection units;

[0012] A storage unit is installed on the front side of the conveying unit and on the side of the detection unit;

[0013] A loading robot and a unloading robot, wherein the loading robot is located between the conveying unit and the detection unit, and the unloading robot is located between the conveying unit and the storage unit;

[0014] The paper separator is installed above the discharge end of the conveying unit;

[0015] The PCB board to be inspected is placed on the feed end of the conveying unit for conveying, and the PCB board is scanned and inspected when passing through the scanning unit. The PCB board that is inspected OK is directly discharged through the discharge end of the conveying unit. The PCB board that is inspected NG is adsorbed by the loading robot and moved to the inspection unit for single-side inspection. After inspection, it is flipped by the flipping unit and inspected on the other side by another inspection unit. When the inspection is OK, it is directly discharged. When the inspection is NG, the material is placed on the storage unit by the unloading robot. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin and places it on the NG material, thereby separating and placing multiple NG materials.

[0016] Preferably, the code scanning unit includes:

[0017] A fixed frame, which is fixedly installed on the discharge end of the conveying unit;

[0018] The code scanning linear motor is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame;

[0019] The code scanning camera is fixedly installed on the driving end of the code scanning linear motor.

[0020] Preferably, the detection unit includes a support frame, a positioning mechanism, a conveying platform and a detection mechanism, and the positioning mechanism, the conveying platform and the detection mechanism are all installed above the support frame.

[0021] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes:

[0022] A bracket, wherein the bracket is arranged on a side of the positioning mechanism;

[0023] The Y-axis linear motor is fixedly installed above the bracket;

[0024] The X-axis linear motor is arranged above the Y-axis linear motor;

[0025] The appearance detection component is arranged on the front side of the X-axis linear motor.

[0026] Preferably, the loading manipulator and the unloading manipulator have the same structure, and the loading manipulator includes:

[0027] Mounting seat;

[0028] A first drive box is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base;

[0029] a first driving arm, an end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the first driving box;

[0030] a second driving arm, an end of which is rotatably connected above the other end of the first driving arm;

[0031] a second driving box, which is fixedly mounted above the end of the second driving arm;

[0032] a cylinder fixedly mounted above the other end of the second driving arm;

[0033] An adsorption assembly is connected to the cylinder.

[0034] Preferably, a drive motor is provided inside the first drive box and the second drive box. The first drive box can drive the first drive arm to rotate relative to the first drive box through the drive motor, and the second drive box can drive the second drive arm to rotate relative to the first drive arm through the drive motor.

[0035] Preferably, the adsorption component includes:

[0036] a fixing bar fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder output shaft;

[0037] A mounting bar, which is fixedly installed below the end of the fixing bar;

[0038] The adsorption plate is installed at the bottom of the mounting bar.

[0039] Preferably, a plurality of connecting rods are provided on the outer side of the mounting bar, and the mounting bar is fixedly connected to the adsorption plate through the plurality of connecting rods.

[0040] Preferably, two positioning bars are symmetrically fixedly connected between the adsorption plate and the fixing bar, a plurality of connecting frames are optionally provided on the outer side of the positioning bar, and the ends of the connecting frames are fixedly connected with air nozzles.

[0041] Preferably, the tops of the plurality of air nozzles are connected to an external air pump, and the bottom ends of the air nozzles penetrate the adsorption plate and are provided with air ports.

[0042] The present invention discloses a PCB board appearance defect detection system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. During the use of the PCB board appearance defect detection system, the PCB board to be inspected is placed on the feed end of the conveying unit for transportation, and the PCB board is scanned and inspected when passing through the scanning unit. The PCB board that is detected OK is directly discharged through the discharge end of the conveying unit, and the PCB board that is detected NG is adsorbed by the loading robot and moved to the detection unit for single-side detection. After detection, it is flipped by the flipping unit and the other side is detected by another detection unit. When the detection is OK, it is directly discharged. When the detection is NG, the material is placed on the storage unit by the unloading robot. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, thereby forming a complete automated detection, so that for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, avoiding secondary damage between NG materials due to wear.

[0044] 2. This PCB appearance defect inspection system places the PCB to be inspected on a positioning mechanism. The Y-axis linear motor and the X-axis linear motor drive the appearance inspection component to move above the PCB. The appearance inspection component is used to perform appearance inspection, and the mobile appearance inspection component can greatly improve the inspection efficiency.

[0045] 3. The PCB board appearance defect detection system uses the first drive box and the second drive box to achieve horizontal adjustment of the adsorption component. At the same time, the cylinder can drive the adsorption component to be adjusted vertically, and then the adsorption component can be driven to move to different positions to transfer the PCB board. The position of the adsorption plate can be fixed by using a fixing bar, a mounting bar and multiple connecting rods, and the PCB board can be adsorbed and fixed by connecting multiple air nozzles to an external air pump and the air port at the bottom of the air nozzle, thereby facilitating the movement of the PCB board. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the code scanning unit of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the detection unit of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the feeding robot of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption component of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption plate and the air outlet of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Conveying unit; 3. Scanning unit; 31. Fixing frame; 32. Scanning linear motor; 33. Scanning camera; 4. Detection unit; 41. Support frame; 42. Positioning mechanism; 43. Conveying platform; 44. Detection mechanism; 441. Bracket; 442. Y-axis linear motor; 443. X-axis linear motor; 444. Appearance detection component; 5. Flipping unit; 6. Storage unit; 7. Loading robot; 71. Mounting seat; 72. First drive box; 73. First drive arm; 74. Second drive arm; 75. Second drive box; 76. Cylinder; 77. Adsorption component; 771. Fixing bar; 772. Mounting bar; 773. Connecting rod; 774. Adsorption plate; 775. Positioning bar; 776. Connecting frame; 777. Air nozzle; 778. Air port; 8. Unloading robot; 9. Paper separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The embodiment of the present application provides a PCB board appearance defect detection system to solve the problem that existing automatic detection equipment, although partially mechanized, generally has insufficient detection efficiency and defects in handling NG products. When detecting NG, the unloading robot 8 places the material on the storage unit 6. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot 8 absorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin 9 and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, thereby forming a complete automated detection. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot 8 absorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin 9 and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, avoiding secondary damage between NG materials due to wear.

[0057] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0058] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a system for detecting appearance defects of a PCB board.

[0059] According to the attached Figure 1-7 Shown, including:

[0060] Rack 1;

[0061] The conveying unit 2 is installed above the frame 1;

[0062] The code scanning unit 3 is fixedly installed above the feeding end of the conveying unit 2;

[0063] The detection unit 4 is installed on the front side of the conveying unit 2, and the detection unit 4 is provided with two groups;

[0064] A flip unit 5 is installed between the two sets of detection units 4;

[0065] The storage unit 6 is installed on the front side of the conveying unit 2 and on the side of the detection unit 4;

[0066] A loading robot 7 and a unloading robot 8, wherein the loading robot 7 is located between the conveying unit 2 and the detection unit 4, and the unloading robot 8 is located between the conveying unit 2 and the storage unit 6;

[0067] The paper separator 9 is installed above the discharge end of the conveying unit 2;

[0068] The PCB board to be inspected is placed on the feed end of the conveying unit 2 for conveying, and is scanned and inspected when passing through the code scanning unit 3. The PCB board that is inspected OK is directly discharged through the discharge end of the conveying unit 2. The PCB board that is inspected NG is adsorbed by the loading robot 7 and moved to the inspection unit 4 for single-side inspection. After inspection, it is flipped by the flipping unit 5 and inspected on the other side by another inspection unit 4. When the inspection is OK, it is directly discharged. When the inspection is NG, the material is placed on the storage unit 6 by the unloading robot 8. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot 8 adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator paper bin 9 and places it on the NG material, thereby separating and placing multiple NG materials.

[0069] Specifically disclosed, the code scanning unit 3 includes:

[0070] A fixed frame 31, which is fixedly mounted on the discharge end of the conveying unit 2;

[0071] The code scanning linear motor 32 is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixing frame 31;

[0072] The code scanning camera 33 is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the code scanning linear motor 32 .

[0073] Furthermore, the detection unit 4 includes a support frame 41 , a positioning mechanism 42 , a conveying platform 43 and a detection mechanism 44 . The positioning mechanism 42 , the conveying platform 43 and the detection mechanism 44 are all installed above the support frame 41 .

[0074] Specifically disclosed, the detection mechanism 44 includes:

[0075] Bracket 441, bracket 441 is arranged on the side of the positioning mechanism 42;

[0076] Y-axis linear motor 442, which is fixedly installed above the bracket 441;

[0077] An X-axis linear motor 443 is disposed above the Y-axis linear motor 442;

[0078] The appearance detection component 444 is arranged in front of the X-axis linear motor 443.

[0079] The PCB board to be inspected is placed on the positioning mechanism 42. At this time, the Y-axis linear motor 442 and the X-axis linear motor 443 drive the appearance inspection component 444 to move above the PCB board. The appearance inspection is performed using the appearance inspection component 444, and the mobile appearance inspection component 444 can greatly increase the inspection efficiency.

[0080] The appearance inspection component 444 includes an appearance inspection camera, a seal structure and a seal inspection camera. The appearance inspection camera uses a high-resolution industrial camera to capture the surface image of the PCB. The seal structure uses pneumatics to mark the NG position. At the same time, the seal inspection camera verifies the marking quality. The appearance inspection camera, seal structure and seal inspection camera are integrated to form a "detection-marking-re-inspection" closed-loop process, thereby improving inspection efficiency.

[0081] The positioning mechanism 42 includes a carrier frame, an adsorption seat, a pulley assembly and a conveyor belt. The carrier frame is fixedly installed above the support frame 41, and the adsorption seat is fixedly installed on the top of the carrier frame. There are multiple sets of pulley assemblies, and multiple sets of pulley assemblies are arranged on the carrier frame. Multiple conveyor belts are respectively connected to the multiple sets of pulley assemblies. When the pulley assembly rotates, it can drive the conveyor belt to circulate on the outside of the carrier frame, and the conveyor belt at the top is embedded in the adsorption seat. A cavity is provided inside the adsorption seat, and multiple air holes connected to the cavity are provided above the adsorption seat. An air pipe connected to the cavity is provided at the bottom of the adsorption seat, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to an external air pump. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier frame, and the drive motor is used to drive multiple sets of pulley assemblies to move simultaneously.

[0082] The internal air holes of the adsorption base are connected to an air pump to achieve non-contact fixation of the PCB, avoiding surface damage caused by mechanical clamping. This is particularly suitable for high-precision flexible circuit board testing. The drive motor drives multiple pulley assemblies to operate synchronously, causing the conveyor belt to form a closed-loop circulation on the surface of the adsorption base, ensuring that the PCB is smoothly transported to the conveying platform 43 after testing. At this time, it passes through the conveying platform 43 and enters the flip unit 5 for flipping. The flip unit 5 is a mature existing structure, such as the flip assembly for PCB board testing disclosed in Publication No. CN119086447A, and therefore will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0083] Specifically disclosed, the loading robot 7 and the unloading robot 8 have the same structure, and the loading robot 7 includes:

[0084] Mounting seat 71;

[0085] A first drive box 72 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base 71;

[0086] A first drive arm 73, an end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the first drive box 72;

[0087] A second driving arm 74, an end of which is rotatably connected to the upper side of the other end of the first driving arm 73;

[0088] A second drive box 75 is fixedly mounted above the end of the second drive arm 74;

[0089] a cylinder 76 fixedly mounted above the other end of the second driving arm 74;

[0090] The adsorption assembly 77 is connected to the cylinder 76 .

[0091] Furthermore, a drive motor is provided inside the first drive box 72 and the second drive box 75. The first drive box 72 can drive the first drive arm 73 to rotate relative to the first drive box 72 through the drive motor, and the second drive box 75 can drive the second drive arm 74 to rotate relative to the first drive arm 73 through the drive motor.

[0092] The first drive box 72 and the second drive box 75 can be used to adjust the adsorption component 77 horizontally. At the same time, the cylinder 76 can drive the adsorption component 77 to be adjusted vertically, thereby driving the adsorption component 77 to move to different positions to transfer the PCB board.

[0093] Specifically disclosed, the adsorption assembly 77 includes:

[0094] A fixing bar 771 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft of the cylinder 76;

[0095] The mounting bar 772 is fixedly mounted below the end of the fixing bar 771;

[0096] The adsorption plate 774 is mounted on the bottom of the mounting bar 772 .

[0097] Furthermore, a plurality of connecting rods 773 are provided on the outer side of the mounting bar 772 , and the mounting bar 772 is fixedly connected to the adsorption plate 774 via the plurality of connecting rods 773 .

[0098] Furthermore, two positioning bars 775 are symmetrically fixedly connected between the adsorption plate 774 and the fixing bar 771 , and a plurality of connecting frames 776 can be optionally provided on the outer side of the positioning bar 775 , and the end of the connecting frame 776 is fixedly connected with an air nozzle 777 .

[0099] Furthermore, the tops of the multiple air nozzles 777 are connected to an external air pump, and the bottom ends of the air nozzles 777 penetrate the adsorption plate 774 and are provided with air ports 778 .

[0100] The position of the adsorption plate 774 can be fixed by using the fixing bar 771, the mounting bar 772 and multiple connecting rods 773, and then the PCB board can be adsorbed and fixed by connecting multiple air nozzles 777 to the external air pump and the air port 778 at the bottom of the air nozzle 777, thereby facilitating the movement of the PCB board.

[0101] During use, the PCB board to be inspected is placed on the feed end of the conveying unit 2 for conveying, and the PCB board is scanned and inspected when passing through the code scanning unit 3. The PCB board that is inspected OK is directly discharged through the discharge end of the conveying unit 2, and the PCB board that is inspected NG is adsorbed by the loading robot 7 and moved to the inspection unit 4 for single-side inspection. After inspection, it is flipped by the flipping unit 5 and inspected on the other side by another inspection unit 4. When the inspection is OK, it is directly discharged. When the inspection is NG, the material is placed on the storage unit 6 by the unloading robot 8. At the same time, for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot 8 adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator bin 9 and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, thereby forming a complete automated inspection, so that for each piece of NG material placed, the unloading robot 8 adsorbs a piece of separator paper from the separator bin 9 and places it on the NG material, and then separates and places multiple NG materials, avoiding secondary damage between NG materials due to wear.

[0102] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A PCB board appearance defect detection system, characterized in that: include: Rack (1); A conveying unit (2) is installed above the frame (1); A code scanning unit (3) is fixedly installed above the feeding end of the conveying unit (2); A detection unit (4) is installed on the front side of the conveying unit (2), and the detection unit (4) is provided in two groups; A turning unit (5) is installed between the two sets of detection units (4); A storage unit (6) is installed on the front side of the conveying unit (2) and is located on the side of the detection unit (4); a loading manipulator (7) and a unloading manipulator (8), wherein the loading manipulator (7) is located between the conveying unit (2) and the detection unit (4), and the unloading manipulator (8) is located between the conveying unit (2) and the storage unit (6); A paper separator (9) is installed above the discharge end of the conveying unit (2); The PCB board to be inspected is placed on the feeding end of the conveying unit (2) for conveying. The PCB board is scanned and inspected when passing through the code scanning unit (3). The PCB board that is inspected OK is directly discharged through the discharging end of the conveying unit (2). The PCB board that is inspected NG is adsorbed by the loading robot (7) and moved to the inspection unit (4) for single-side inspection. After inspection, it is turned over by the turning unit (5) and inspected on the other side by another inspection unit (4). When the inspection is OK, it is directly discharged. When the inspection is NG, the material is placed on the storage unit (6) by the unloading robot (8). At the same time, each time a piece of NG material is placed, the unloading robot (8) adsorbs a piece of separation paper from the separation paper bin (9) and places it on the NG material, thereby separating and placing multiple NG materials.

2. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The code scanning unit (3) comprises: A fixed frame (31) fixedly mounted on the discharge end of the conveying unit (2); A code scanning linear motor (32) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixing frame (31); The code scanning camera (33) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the code scanning linear motor (32).

3. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit (4) comprises a support frame (41), a positioning mechanism (42), a conveying platform (43) and a detection mechanism (44); the positioning mechanism (42), the conveying platform (43) and the detection mechanism (44) are all installed above the support frame (41).

4. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (44) comprises: a bracket (441), wherein the bracket (441) is arranged on a side of the positioning mechanism (42); A Y-axis linear motor (442) is fixedly mounted above the bracket (441); An X-axis linear motor (443) disposed above the Y-axis linear motor (442); An appearance detection component (444) is arranged on the front side of the X-axis linear motor (443).

5. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading manipulator (7) and the unloading manipulator (8) have the same structure, and the loading manipulator (7) comprises: Mounting seat (71); A first drive box (72) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting seat (71); A first driving arm (73), an end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the first driving box (72); A second driving arm (74), an end of which is rotatably connected to the upper side of the other end of the first driving arm (73); A second drive box (75) is fixedly mounted above the end of the second drive arm (74); a cylinder (76) fixedly mounted above the other end of the second driving arm (74); The adsorption assembly (77) is connected to the cylinder (76).

6. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A driving motor is provided inside the first driving box (72) and the second driving box (75). The first driving box (72) can drive the first driving arm (73) to rotate relative to the first driving box (72) through the driving motor, and the second driving box (75) can drive the second driving arm (74) to rotate relative to the first driving arm (73) through the driving motor.

7. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly (77) comprises: A fixing bar (771) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft of the cylinder (76); A mounting bar (772) fixedly mounted below the end of the fixing bar (771); The adsorption plate (774) is mounted on the bottom of the mounting bar (772).

8. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting rods (773) are provided on the outer side of the installation bar (772), and the installation bar (772) is fixedly connected to the adsorption plate (774) via the plurality of connecting rods (773).

9. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two positioning bars (775) are symmetrically fixedly connected between the adsorption plate (774) and the fixing bar (771), and a plurality of connecting frames (776) can be optionally provided on the outside of the positioning bars (775), and the ends of the connecting frames (776) are fixedly connected with air nozzles (777).

10. A PCB board appearance defect detection system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tops of the plurality of air nozzles (777) are connected to an external air pump, and the bottom ends of the air nozzles (777) penetrate the adsorption plate (774) and are provided with an air port (778).

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