Biological kitchen garbage treatment process and equipment for temporary construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen garbage treatment, and discloses a biological kitchen garbage treatment process and equipment for temporary construction, and the biological kitchen garbage treatment process and equipment comprises a main body, a shell, a frame, a feeding groove and a stirring pot body; the equipment further comprises a fermentation bin, an overflow plate is arranged in the fermentation bin, and the fermentation bin is divided into a fresh material area and a decomposition area by the overflow plate; the dehydration mechanism is used for separating the kitchen garbage into solid residues and oil-containing liquid, and a solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism is communicated to the fresh material area of the fermentation bin; a liquid inlet of the oil-water separation tank is communicated with a liquid outlet of the dehydration mechanism, and the oil-water separation tank is used for separating waste oil from the oil-containing liquid; an inlet of the spraying system is connected with a waste oil outlet of the oil-water separation tank. By adding specific functional biological agents such as grease rapid degrading bacteria and combining an aerobic microorganism fermentation treatment process, oil in the kitchen garbage can be decomposed, and the problem that the oil and the kitchen garbage cannot be synchronously treated in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and in particular to a biological kitchen waste treatment process and equipment for temporary buildings. Background Art

[0002] In the current food waste disposal sector, conventional methods and equipment used in temporary construction projects suffer from numerous shortcomings. Landfill disposal, a common method, occupies a large amount of scarce land resources, and the resulting leachate contains high concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals, easily contaminating soil and groundwater. Incineration, due to its high water content and low calorific value, requires the addition of large amounts of auxiliary fuel, increasing costs. Furthermore, incineration produces harmful gases such as dioxins, which pose a significant environmental risk and are difficult to control.

[0003] Traditional food waste treatment equipment has relatively limited functionality. Most are only capable of simple crushing and solid-liquid separation. For oily food waste, collecting and treating the waste oil separately requires high-tech processes and is costly. Co-fermentation, on the other hand, cannot effectively treat the oil and other components simultaneously. The fermentation process lacks efficient microbial agents, making it difficult to quickly degrade the oil, resulting in poor-quality processed products that cannot be converted into high-quality bionutrient soil. Furthermore, the fermentation chambers of traditional equipment lack a well-designed compartmentalization system. During continuous feeding and discharging, the bionutrient soil contains uncomposted food waste, requiring secondary processing before use.

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biological kitchen waste treatment process and equipment for temporary construction to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a biological kitchen waste treatment process and equipment for temporary construction, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot simultaneously treat oil and kitchen waste.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary construction, comprising a main body, a shell, a frame, a feed trough, and a stirring pot; the equipment also includes:

[0007] A fermentation bin is provided with an overflow plate inside, which separates the fermentation bin into a new material area and a mature material area;

[0008] A dehydration mechanism, used for separating the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid, wherein the solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism is connected to the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin;

[0009] an oil-water separation tank, the liquid inlet of which is connected to the liquid outlet of the dehydration mechanism, for separating waste oil from the oily liquid;

[0010] A spraying system, the inlet of which is connected to the waste oil outlet of the oil-water separation tank, and the outlet of which is arranged toward the new material area, is used for spraying the waste oil into the new material area.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring shaft system in the fermentation bin is used to stir the mixture of solid residue and waste oil in the new material area.

[0012] Preferably, the equipment further comprises a crushing mechanism upstream of the dehydration mechanism, and an external lifting mechanism and a weighing device for quantitatively conveying kitchen waste to the crushing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the heating and insulation system and the aeration system in the fermentation bin are used to regulate the fermentation environment in the fermentation bin, and the fermentation bin also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the gas outlet of the fermentation bin is connected to a deodorization system.

[0015] A biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary buildings comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Separation step: separating the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid through a dehydration mechanism;

[0017] S2: Oil-water separation step: sending the oily liquid into an oil-water separation tank for treatment to obtain waste oil;

[0018] S3: Feeding and fermentation step: the solid residue is fed into the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin, and the waste oil is sprayed into the new material area through a spraying system, so that the two are mixed and fermented;

[0019] S4: Overflow step: The material preliminarily fermented in the new material area is allowed to pass through the overflow plate and enter the composting area of ​​the fermentation bin after being matured.

[0020] Preferably, the step S3 further comprises the step of adding a biological agent with specific functional properties of fast-degrading oil and fat bacteria into the new material area.

[0021] Preferably, the step S1 further includes a step of crushing the kitchen waste by a crushing mechanism.

[0022] Preferably, the step S3 further includes a step of stirring the material in the new material zone by a stirring shaft system.

[0023] Preferably, the fermentation process of step S3 and step S4 further includes controlling the temperature, humidity and aeration volume in the fermentation bin, and deodorizing the gas generated by the fermentation.

[0024] The present invention provides a biological kitchen waste treatment process and equipment for temporary construction.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention divides the fermentation bin into a new material area and a mature composting area through the design of an overflow plate in the fermentation bin, thereby achieving efficient separation of newly-input kitchen waste from mature biological organic nutrient soil, effectively preventing uncomposted kitchen waste from mixing into the biological organic nutrient soil, greatly improving production efficiency, and ensuring that the discharged organic nutrient soil can be used directly without the need for secondary treatment.

[0027] 2. The present invention decomposes the oil in kitchen waste by adding specific functional biological agents such as fast-degrading oil bacteria and combining it with an aerobic microbial fermentation process. This solves the problem that the existing technology cannot simultaneously process oil and kitchen waste, realizes the drying and humification treatment of kitchen waste materials, converts them into organic nutrient soil, and achieves the reduction and resource utilization of kitchen waste.

[0028] 3. The present invention is equipped with an intelligent control system to realize functions such as automatic loading, automatic weighing, automatic temperature control, and automatic deodorization. At the same time, it combines components such as heating and insulation systems, aeration systems, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors to accurately control the temperature, humidity, and aeration volume in the fermentation bin, ensuring the efficient fermentation process, improving the degree of automation and operating efficiency of the equipment, and meeting the needs of temporary construction project departments for miniaturized and automated kitchen waste treatment equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The main body of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 3 The main body of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fermentation bin according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the waste treatment process of the present invention.

[0034] Among them, 1. Main body; 2. External lifting mechanism; 3. Outer shell; 4. Weighing device; 5. Frame; 6. Fermentation chamber; 7. Crushing mechanism; 8. Dehydration mechanism; 9. Oil-water separation tank; 10. Deodorization system; 11. Spraying system; 12. Heating and insulation system; 13. Aeration system; 14. Feed trough; 15. Temperature sensor; 16. Humidity sensor; 17. Stirring pot body; 18. Stirring shaft system; 19. Overflow plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a bio-kitchen waste treatment device for temporary construction, comprising a main body (1), a shell (3), a frame (5), a feed trough (14), and a stirring pot (17); the device also includes:

[0037] A fermentation bin (6) is provided with an overflow plate (19) therein, wherein the overflow plate (19) separates the fermentation bin (6) into a new material area and a mature material area;

[0038] A dehydration mechanism (8) is used to separate the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid, wherein the solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism (8) is connected to the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin (6);

[0039] an oil-water separation tank (9), the liquid inlet of which is connected to the liquid outlet of the dehydration mechanism (8), for separating waste oil from the oily liquid;

[0040] A spraying system (11) has an inlet connected to the waste oil outlet of the oil-water separation tank (9) and an outlet disposed toward the new material area for spraying the waste oil into the new material area.

[0041] The stirring shaft system (18) in the fermentation bin (6) is used to stir the mixture of solid residue and waste oil in the new material area.

[0042] The equipment also includes a crushing mechanism (7) upstream of the dehydration mechanism (8), and an external lifting mechanism (2) and a weighing device (4) for quantitatively conveying kitchen waste to the crushing mechanism (7).

[0043] The heating and heat preservation system (12) and the aeration system (13) in the fermentation bin (6) are used to regulate the fermentation environment in the fermentation bin (6). The fermentation bin (6) also includes a temperature sensor (15) and a humidity sensor (16).

[0044] The gas outlet of the fermentation bin (6) is connected to a deodorization system (10).

[0045] A biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary buildings comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1: separation step: separating the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid through a dehydration mechanism (8);

[0047] S2: Oil-water separation step: sending the oil-containing liquid into the oil-water separation tank (9) for treatment to obtain waste oil;

[0048] S3: Feeding and fermentation step: the solid residue is fed into the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin (6), and the waste oil is sprayed into the new material area through the spraying system (11), so that the two are mixed and fermented;

[0049] S4: Overflow step: The material initially fermented in the new material area is allowed to pass over the overflow plate (19) and enter the fermentation area of ​​the fermentation bin (6) after being matured.

[0050] The step S3 also includes the step of adding a biological agent with specific functional properties of fast-degrading grease-degrading bacteria into the new material area.

[0051] The step S1 also includes a step of crushing the kitchen waste by a crushing mechanism (7).

[0052] The step S3 also includes a step of stirring the material in the new material zone by a stirring shaft system (18).

[0053] The fermentation process of step S3 and step S4 also includes the steps of controlling the temperature, humidity and aeration volume in the fermentation bin (6) and deodorizing the gas generated by the fermentation.

[0054] A specific implementation method of a biological kitchen waste treatment process and equipment for temporary construction is as follows:

[0055] Specifically, after the kitchen waste is weighed by the weighing device 4, it is lifted by the external lifting mechanism 2 according to the set weight and transported to the crushing mechanism 7, broken into small pieces and then enter the dehydration mechanism 8. The separated solid residue enters the new material area from the front end of the fermentation bin 6, and the oil-containing liquid flows into the oil-water separation tank 9 to separate the waste oil. The waste oil is sprayed to the new material area at a set flow rate through the spraying system 11. At the same time, specific functional biological microbial agents such as oil-fast degrading bacteria are added to the new material area. The stirring shaft system 18 stirs regularly to fully mix the solid residue, waste oil and microbial agents. The heating and insulation system 12 and the aeration system 13 in the fermentation bin 6 monitor the temperature and humidity in real time through the temperature sensor 15 and the humidity sensor 16. The temperature, humidity and aeration volume of the fermentation environment are measured and regulated to ensure efficient fermentation. The initially fermented and decomposed materials in the new material area pass over the overflow plate 19 and enter the decomposition area. The biological organic nutrient soil in the decomposition area is discharged from the discharge port and directly used for fertilizing green plants. During the whole process, the deodorization system 10 continuously operates to treat the odorous gases produced by fermentation. The equipment forms a complete process from weighing, crushing, dehydration, oil-water separation to mixed fermentation in the fermentation bin 6, overflow separation, and product discharge and waste gas treatment through the coordinated work of various components, thereby realizing the reduction and disposal of kitchen waste and resource utilization, and meeting the needs of the temporary construction project department for miniaturized and automated processing equipment.

[0056] Working Principle: When food waste enters the processing flow, it is first accurately weighed by a weighing device 4 to ensure a controllable amount of material for subsequent processing. An external lifting mechanism 2 then lifts the food waste to a set weight and transports it to a crushing mechanism 7. Crushing mechanism 7 breaks the food waste into small pieces, increasing the material's specific surface area for subsequent dehydration and fermentation. The crushed food waste then enters a dehydration mechanism 8, where a preliminary solid-liquid separation is performed. The separated solid residue and oily liquid enter different processing paths.

[0057] The oily liquid flows into the oil-water separation tank 9, where the waste oil is separated. This separated waste oil is then sprayed from the top of the fermentation chamber 6 to the fresh material area at a set flow rate via a spraying system 11. Solid residue, on the other hand, flows directly from the front end of the fermentation chamber 6 into the fresh material area. Simultaneously, specialized bio-inoculation agents, such as fast-grease-degrading bacteria, are added through an inspection port at the top of the fermentation chamber 6. Within the fresh material area, a stirring shaft system 18 is periodically activated to thoroughly agitate the mixture of solid residue, waste oil, and inoculation, ensuring uniform mixing and creating optimal conditions for the fermentation process.

[0058] The heating and insulation system 12 and aeration system 13 within the fermentation chamber 6 work in tandem, monitoring the temperature and humidity of the fermentation environment in real time via temperature sensors 15 and humidity sensors 16. Combined with the aeration rate control by the aeration system 13, the environment within the fermentation chamber 6 is regulated to a range suitable for the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms, ensuring efficient fermentation. Aerobic microorganisms decompose organic matter in the food waste, while fast-grease-degrading bacteria also degrade the oil, achieving simultaneous treatment of both the oil and food waste.

[0059] As fermentation progresses, the initially fermented material in the fresh material area gradually matures. Once mature, it flows over overflow plate 19 into the mature area of ​​fermentation bin 6. Overflow plate 19 divides fermentation bin 6 into a fresh material area and a mature area. This "overflow" partition design effectively separates newly introduced food waste from the matured bio-organic nutrient soil, effectively preventing uncomposted food waste from mixing with the bio-organic nutrient soil in the mature area. The bio-organic nutrient soil in the mature area is discharged from the discharge port and can be directly used to fertilize green plants.

[0060] During the entire treatment process, the deodorization system 10 operates continuously, treating the odorous gases generated during the fermentation process, purifying the discharged gases, and avoiding pollution to the environment. Through the coordinated work of various components, this equipment forms a complete treatment process, from the weighing, crushing, dehydration, and oil-water separation of kitchen waste, to the mixed fermentation and overflow separation in the fermentation bin 6, to the discharge of the final product and the treatment of waste gas. Each link is closely connected, achieving the reduction and resource utilization of kitchen waste. At the same time, the application of the intelligent control system realizes functions such as automatic loading, automatic weighing, automatic temperature control, and automatic deodorization, improving the degree of automation and operating efficiency of the equipment, and meeting the needs of the temporary construction project department for miniaturized and automated kitchen waste treatment equipment. The design of this working principle not only solves the problems of landfill occupation, high incineration costs and environmental pollution in traditional treatment methods, but also overcomes the defects of traditional equipment with single function, low treatment efficiency and poor product quality. Through the fully quantitative biodegradation treatment process and waste gas recovery treatment process, it greatly improves the environmental protection performance and production efficiency, ensures that the discharged biological organic nutrient soil can be used directly, and realizes the goals of reducing, resource-based and harmless treatment of kitchen waste.

[0061] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings, characterized in that: The device comprises a main body (1), a shell (3), a frame (5), a feed trough (14), and a stirring pot (17); the device also comprises: A fermentation bin (6) is provided with an overflow plate (19) therein, wherein the overflow plate (19) separates the fermentation bin (6) into a new material area and a mature material area; A dehydration mechanism (8) is used to separate the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid, wherein the solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism (8) is connected to the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin (6); an oil-water separation tank (9), the liquid inlet of which is connected to the liquid outlet of the dehydration mechanism (8), for separating waste oil from the oily liquid; A spraying system (11) has an inlet connected to the waste oil outlet of the oil-water separation tank (9) and an outlet disposed toward the new material area for spraying the waste oil into the new material area.

2. The biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring shaft system (18) in the fermentation bin (6) is used to stir the mixture of solid residue and waste oil in the new material area.

3. The biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment also includes a crushing mechanism (7) upstream of the dehydration mechanism (8), and an external lifting mechanism (2) and a weighing device (4) for quantitatively conveying kitchen waste to the crushing mechanism (7).

4. The biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and heat preservation system (12) and the aeration system (13) in the fermentation bin (6) are used to regulate the fermentation environment in the fermentation bin (6). The fermentation bin (6) also includes a temperature sensor (15) and a humidity sensor (16).

5. The biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet of the fermentation bin (6) is connected to a deodorization system (10).

6. A biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary buildings, applied to the biological kitchen waste treatment equipment for temporary buildings as described in claims 1-5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: separation step: separating the kitchen waste into solid residue and oily liquid through a dehydration mechanism (8); S2: Oil-water separation step: sending the oil-containing liquid into the oil-water separation tank (9) for treatment to obtain waste oil; S3: Feeding and fermentation step: the solid residue is fed into the new material area of ​​the fermentation bin (6), and the waste oil is sprayed into the new material area through the spraying system (11), so that the two are mixed and fermented; S4: Overflow step: The material initially fermented in the new material area is allowed to pass over the overflow plate (19) and enter the fermentation area of ​​the fermentation bin (6) after being matured.

7. A biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S3 also includes the step of adding a biological agent with specific functional properties of fast-degrading grease-degrading bacteria into the new material area.

8. The biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S1 also includes a step of crushing the kitchen waste by a crushing mechanism (7).

9. The biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S3 also includes a step of stirring the material in the new material zone by a stirring shaft system (18).

10. The biological kitchen waste treatment process for temporary construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation process of step S3 and step S4 also includes the steps of controlling the temperature, humidity and aeration volume in the fermentation bin (6), and deodorizing the gas generated by the fermentation.

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