Control method and system of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and system of a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module and an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicles. The control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the residual electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is smaller than or equal to a first electric quantity threshold value. Controlling the switching assembly to be switched to a first connection state so that the plurality of energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is switched off, the boost DC-DC converter quits the working state, and the buck DC-DC converter is in the working state, so that electric energy output by the power battery charges the auxiliary battery after being subjected to buck by the buck DC-DC converter; and when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in the running state and the remaining electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second electric quantity threshold value, the first switch is controlled to be switched on, and the step-down direct current-direct current converter is controlled to exit the working state, so that the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a control method and system for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] On-board photovoltaic technology enables electric vehicles to continuously collect solar energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy and store it in on-board photovoltaic energy storage modules, thereby utilizing carbon-free green energy to extend the battery life of electric vehicles.

[0003] At present, when electric vehicles transfer the electric energy of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module to the load of the electric vehicle to power the load of the electric vehicle, the transmission loss of electric energy is large and the energy utilization rate is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a control method and system for an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module and an electric vehicle, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that, when an electric vehicle transfers electrical energy from an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module to a load of the electric vehicle to power the load of the electric vehicle, there is large energy transmission loss and low energy utilization.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a control system for an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, comprising an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, a first switch, an auxiliary battery, a step-down DC-DC converter, a power battery, a step-up DC-DC converter, and a control unit. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module comprises a switching assembly and multiple energy storage batteries. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the first switch, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the step-up DC-DC converter, the power battery, the step-down DC-DC converter, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence.

[0006] a control unit for, when determining that the electric vehicle is in an operating state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, controlling the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the plurality of energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter is activated, so that the electric energy output by the power battery is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery;

[0007] The control unit is further configured to control the first switch to close and the step-down DC-DC converter to exit the working state when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second power threshold, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery, wherein the third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to control the switching component to switch to the second connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch is disconnected, and the boost DC-DC converter is in the working state, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in the running state and the charging state, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than the first power threshold, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than the third power threshold, so that the electric energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is boosted by the boost DC-DC converter to charge the power battery, wherein the fourth power threshold is lower than the second power threshold.

[0009] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to control the boost DC-DC converter to exit the working state and control the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel when it is determined that the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fourth power threshold, wherein the fourth power threshold is lower than the second power threshold.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching component includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the step-up DC-DC converter, and the other end of the first branch and the second branch are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. One end of each third switch is connected to the second branch, and the other end is connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch. One end of each fourth switch is connected to the third branch, and the other end is connected between a second switch and a negative electrode of an energy storage battery.

[0011] The control unit is specifically used to control N-1 second switches to be closed, N-1 third switches to be opened, and N-1 fourth switches to be opened, so as to control the switching component to switch to the second connection state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm, wherein the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm, the distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil is the same.

[0013] The control unit is specifically used to control the coil to be energized to control the armature arm to move downward, thereby driving the moving contacts of N-1 third switches to disengage from the static contacts, the moving contacts of N-1 fourth switches to disengage from the static contacts, and the moving contacts of N-1 second switches to engage with the static contacts.

[0014] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fifth power threshold, control the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that the plurality of energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is closed, and the step-down DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the acquired charging electric energy is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, wherein the fifth power threshold is greater than the second power threshold;

[0015] When the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a sixth power threshold, the first switch is controlled to be disconnected, wherein the sixth power threshold is greater than the fifth power threshold.

[0016] In some embodiments, the system provided by the present application further includes a photovoltaic assembly and a solar maximum power point tracker. The photovoltaic assembly, the solar maximum power point tracker, and the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module are electrically connected in sequence. The control unit is further configured to control the solar maximum power point tracker to transfer electrical energy from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module for storage, disconnect the first switch, and deactivate the step-up DC-DC converter when the electric vehicle is not in operation, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a first power threshold, and the switching assembly is switched to a first connection state.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to control the solar maximum power point tracker to stop transmitting electrical energy from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module when the electric vehicle is not in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is greater than or equal to a sixth power threshold.

[0018] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching component includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the step-up DC-DC converter, and the other end of the first branch and the second branch are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. One end of each third switch is connected to the second branch, and the other end is connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch. One end of each fourth switch is connected to the third branch, and the other end is connected between a second switch and a negative electrode of an energy storage battery.

[0019] The control unit is specifically configured to control the N-1 second switches to be opened, the N-1 third switches to be closed, and the N-1 fourth switches to be closed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm, wherein the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm, the distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil is the same.

[0021] The control unit is specifically used to control the coil to be de-energized, so as to control the armature arm to rebound upward, so as to drive the moving contacts of the N-1 third switches to contact with the static contacts and the moving contacts of the N-1 fourth switches to contact with the static contacts, and to disengage the moving contacts of the N-1 second switches from the static contacts.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a control method for an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, which is applied to a control system of an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module of an electric vehicle. The system includes an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, a first switch, an auxiliary battery, a step-down DC-DC converter, a power battery, a step-up DC-DC converter, and a control unit. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module includes a switching component and multiple energy storage batteries. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the first switch, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the step-up DC-DC converter, the power battery, the step-down DC-DC converter, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The method provided by the present application includes:

[0023] When the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter is activated, so that the electric energy output by the power battery is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery;

[0024] When determining that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second power threshold, the control unit controls the first switch to close and the step-down DC-DC converter to exit the working state, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery, wherein the second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method provided in the present application also includes: when the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state and a charging state, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a first power threshold, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a third power threshold, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to a second connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch is disconnected, and the boost DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the electric energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is boosted by the boost DC-DC converter to charge the power battery, wherein the third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method provided herein further comprises:

[0027] When the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in a running state but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fifth power threshold, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that the plurality of energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is closed, and the step-down DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the acquired charging energy is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module;

[0028] When the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a sixth power threshold, the first switch is controlled to be disconnected.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, comprising the control system of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a control unit, the control unit executes the method provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0031] The present application provides a control method, system, and electric vehicle for an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module. When the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, it indicates that both the low-voltage load and the high-voltage load of the electric vehicle need power, and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or auxiliary battery is low and needs to be charged. Therefore, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel. The operating voltage of the multiple energy storage batteries after parallel connection is low, and the photovoltaic component can be adapted to charge the multiple energy storage batteries. The control unit also controls the first switch to disconnect and the boost DC-DC converter to exit the working state, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module does not output to the auxiliary battery and the power battery, and there is no energy transfer loss at this time. The control unit also controls the buck DC-DC converter to be in the working state so that the power output of the power battery is stepped down by the buck DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery. This can meet the power supply needs of the electric vehicle's high-voltage load while also meeting the power supply needs of the electric vehicle's low-voltage load as much as possible.

[0032] In addition, if the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second power threshold, it indicates that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module has a sufficient remaining power and can release electrical energy. Therefore, the control unit controls the first switch to close. Since the control switching component is in the first connection state at this time, multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel. The operating voltage of the multiple parallel energy storage batteries is low, and they can adaptively charge the auxiliary battery. In this way, the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module can directly charge the auxiliary battery to provide electrical energy to the low-voltage load of the electric vehicle without power transmission loss. The step-down DC-DC converter is deactivated, so that the power battery no longer charges the on-board load battery through the step-down DC-DC converter, thereby reducing power transmission loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a switching component of a control system of a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a disconnected state;

[0035] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a switching component of a control system of a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first connection state;

[0036] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the switching component provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0037] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a switching component of a control system of a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a second connection state;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a control method for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0040] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments of the present disclosure. These figures are not drawn to scale, and for the purpose of clarity, certain details are exaggerated and certain details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0041] In the context of the present disclosure, when a layer / element is referred to as being "on" another layer / element, it can be directly on the other layer / element or an intervening layer / element may be present therebetween. In addition, if a layer / element is "on" another layer / element in one orientation, it may be "below" the other layer / element when the orientation is reversed.

[0042] The following describes in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application provides a control system for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, such as Figure 1As shown, the system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101, a first switch 102, an auxiliary battery 103, a step-down DC-DC converter 104, a power battery 105, a step-up DC-DC converter 106 and a control unit (not shown in the drawings). The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 includes a switching component and multiple energy storage batteries. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101, the first switch 102 and the auxiliary battery 103 are electrically connected in sequence. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101, the step-up DC-DC converter 106, the power battery 105, the step-down DC-DC converter 104 and the auxiliary battery 103 are electrically connected in sequence.

[0044] The system provided in this embodiment also includes a photovoltaic module 107 and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device 108. The photovoltaic module 107, the maximum power point tracking device 108, and the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 are electrically connected in sequence. The maximum power point tracking device 108 is configured to adjust the output power based on the PV characteristics of the photovoltaic module 107, ensuring that the output power of the photovoltaic module 107 is at its maximum power level.

[0045] The auxiliary battery 103 is used to power the low-voltage loads 109 of the electric vehicle (such as lights and the central control screen), and the power battery 105 is used to power the high-voltage loads 110 of the electric vehicle (such as the drive motor). For example, the power battery 105 supplies power to the high-voltage loads 110 of the electric vehicle through the on-board high-voltage distribution module. Generally, the operating voltage of the power battery 105 is much higher than the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101, the operating voltage of the auxiliary battery 103, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 107. For example, the operating voltage of the power battery 105 is 400V, the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 ranges from 12V to 36V, the operating voltage of the auxiliary battery 103 is 12V, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 107 is 12V.

[0046] Among them, the control unit is used to control the switching component to switch to the first connection state when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 or the auxiliary battery 103 is less than or equal to the first power threshold, so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch 102 is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter 106 is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter 104 is in a working state, so that the electric energy output by the power battery 105 is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter 104 to charge the auxiliary battery 103.

[0047] The first power threshold may be, but is not limited to, 70%, 60% or 50%.

[0048] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching assembly includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch 111, a second branch 112, and a third branch 113. One end of the first branch 111, the second branch 112, and the third branch 113 are respectively connected to the first switch and the boost DC-DC converter, and the other ends of the first branch and the second branch are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch 111. Each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. Each third switch has one end connected to the second branch 112 and the other end connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch. Each fourth switch has one end connected to the third branch 113 and the other end connected between a second switch and the negative electrode of an energy storage battery. Thus, the control unit can be specifically configured to control the N-1 second switches to be opened, the N-1 third switches to be closed, and the N-1 fourth switches to be closed, so that the switching assembly switches to the first connection state.

[0049] Specifically, as Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module 101 includes three energy storage batteries, namely energy storage battery B1, energy storage battery B2, and energy storage battery B3; and also includes a second switch S2 and a second switch S2, a third switch S1 and a third switch S4, and a fourth switch S3 and a fourth switch S6.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the control unit can be specifically used to disconnect the second switch S2 and control the third switch S1 and the third switch S4 to be closed, and the fourth switch S3 and the fourth switch S6 to be closed, so as to control the switching component to switch to the first connection state.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the switching assembly also includes a coil 114 and an armature arm 115. The moving contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm 115. The distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switch and the N-1 fourth switch and the coil is the same.

[0052] Furthermore, the control unit can be specifically used to control coil 114 to de-energize coil 114, thereby controlling armature arm 115 to rebound upward, thereby driving the movable contacts of N-1 third switches to contact the static contacts, the movable contacts of N-1 fourth switches to contact the static contacts, and the movable contacts of N-1 second switches to disconnect from the static contacts, thereby controlling the switching assembly to switch to the first connection state. In this way, the series and parallel connections of multiple energy storage batteries can be mutually exclusive. When connected in series, the positive and negative lines in parallel are both disconnected, preventing short circuits between the energy storage batteries. When connected in parallel, the series connection between the energy storage batteries is disconnected at two locations, preventing short circuits between the energy storage batteries. This also avoids the problem of energy waste caused by the instantaneous charging of a single parallel energy storage battery by two series-connected energy storage batteries due to asynchronous series-parallel switching during the circuit's series-parallel switching operation, thereby achieving a safe, reliable circuit with high energy utilization from a physical perspective.

[0053] In addition, the control unit is further configured to control the first switch 102 to close and the step-down DC-DC converter 104 to exit the operating state when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in the operating state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than the second power threshold, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 charges the auxiliary battery 103.

[0054] The second power threshold may be, but is not limited to, 50%, 40% or 30%.

[0055] Based on the above, it can be seen that when the electric vehicle is in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 or the auxiliary battery 103 is less than or equal to the first power threshold, it means that the low-voltage load 109 and the high-voltage load 110 of the electric vehicle both need power supply, and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 or the auxiliary battery 103 is small and needs to be charged. Therefore, the switching component is controlled to switch to the first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel. The operating voltage of the multiple energy storage batteries after the parallel connection is low, which can adapt the photovoltaic component 107 to charge the multiple energy storage batteries. The first switch 102 is controlled to be disconnected and the step-up DC-DC converter 106 is controlled to exit the working state (there is no need for the step-up DC-DC converter 106 to step down the voltage. The step-up DC-DC converter 106 has energy loss when stepping down the voltage). This can prevent the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 from outputting to the auxiliary battery 103 and the power battery 105. At this time, there is no energy transfer loss. The step-down DC-DC converter 104 is controlled to be in the working state so that the electric energy output by the power battery 105 is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter 104 to charge the auxiliary battery 103. This can meet the power supply needs of the electric vehicle's high-voltage load 110 while also meeting the power supply needs of the electric vehicle's low-voltage load 109 as much as possible.

[0056] In addition, if the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than a second power threshold, it indicates that the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is sufficient and can release electric energy to the outside. The second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold. Therefore, the first switch 102 is controlled to be closed. Since the control switching component is in the first connection state at this time, the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel. The output voltage of the multiple energy storage batteries after the parallel connection is low (for example, three batteries with an output voltage of 12V connected in parallel can make the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 be 12V), and can adaptively charge the auxiliary battery 103 (operating voltage is 12V). In this way, the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 can directly charge the auxiliary battery 103 without the need for the step-down DC-DC converter 104 to step down the voltage (the step-down DC-DC converter 104 has energy loss when stepping down the voltage), thereby providing power to the low-voltage load 109 of the electric vehicle without power transmission loss. The step-down DC-DC converter 104 is deactivated, so that the power battery 105 no longer charges the on-board load battery through the step-down DC-DC converter 104, thereby reducing power transmission loss.

[0057] In addition, the control unit may also be configured to control the switching component to switch to a second connection state, whereby the plurality of energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch 102 is disconnected, and the step-up DC-DC converter 106 is in an operating state, if it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state or a charging state, and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than a first power threshold and the remaining power of the power battery 105 is lower than a third power threshold (e.g., 80%, 85%, or 90%). This allows the power battery 105 to be charged after the power energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is boosted by the step-up DC-DC converter 106. The third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

[0058] The control unit can also be used to determine that when the electric vehicle is not in the running state and the charging state, and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than the first power threshold and the remaining power of the power battery 105 is lower than the third power threshold, it indicates that the power battery 105 is insufficient, there is no external charging device to charge the power battery 105, and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is sufficient, thereby controlling the switching component to switch to the second connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series.

[0059] When the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is relatively high after multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series (for example, three batteries with an output voltage of 12V connected in series can make the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 be 36V), it can be understood that the lower the step-up ratio of the boost DC-DC converter 106, the lower the energy loss. When the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 outputs a relatively high output voltage to the boost DC-DC converter 106 for step-up (for example, to 400V), the energy loss is low, thereby charging the power battery 105 and ensuring that the power battery 105 has sufficient power.

[0060] Furthermore, the control unit can also be configured to, upon determining that the remaining charge of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is lower than a fourth charge threshold (e.g., 20%, 25%, or 30%), indicate that the remaining charge of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is insufficient, thereby controlling the step-up DC-DC converter 106 to exit the operating state and cease outputting power to the power battery 105, and controlling the switching component to switch to the first connection state to connect multiple energy storage batteries in parallel, thereby reducing the output voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 to match the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly 107. The fourth charge threshold is lower than the second charge threshold. In this manner, the photovoltaic assembly 107 can continue to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101.

[0061] The number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, N = 2, 3, or 4, etc., which are not limited here. The switching component includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch 111, a second branch 112, and a third branch 113. One end of the first branch 111, the second branch 112, and the third branch 113 are respectively connected to the first switch and the boost DC-DC converter, and the other ends of the first branch 111 and the second branch 112 are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch 111, each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries, each third switch has one end connected to the second branch 112, and the other end is connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch, and each fourth switch has one end connected to the third branch 113, and the other end is connected between a second switch and the negative electrode of an energy storage battery.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the control unit can also be used to control N-1 second switches to be closed, N-1 third switches to be opened, and N-1 fourth switches to be opened, so as to control the switching component to switch to the second connection state.

[0063] Similarly, if Figure 1As shown, it includes three energy storage batteries, namely energy storage battery B1, energy storage battery B2, and energy storage battery B3; it also includes a second switch S2 and a second switch S2, a third switch S1 and a third switch S4, and a fourth switch S3 and a fourth switch S6; the control unit can be specifically used to control the second switch S2 and the second switch S2 to be closed, and control the third switch S1 and the third switch S4 to be disconnected, and the fourth switch S3 and the fourth switch S6 to be disconnected, so as to control the switching component to switch to the second connection state.

[0064] Still Figure 3 As shown, the switching assembly further includes a coil 114 and an armature arm 115. The movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm 115. The distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is less than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switch and the N-1 fourth switch and the coil is the same. Furthermore, the control unit can be specifically used to control the energization of the coil 114 to control the downward movement of the armature arm 115, thereby driving the movable contacts of the N-1 third switches to disengage from the static contacts, the movable contacts of the N-1 fourth switches to disengage from the static contacts, and the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches to engage with the static contacts, thereby controlling the switching assembly to switch to the second connection state. This ensures that the series and parallel connections of multiple energy storage batteries are mutually exclusive. When connected in series, the positive and negative parallel lines are disconnected, preventing short circuits between the individual energy storage batteries. When connected in parallel, the series lines between the individual energy storage batteries are disconnected at two locations, preventing short circuits between the individual energy storage batteries. This also avoids the energy waste caused by the momentary charging of a single parallel battery by two series-connected energy storage batteries due to asynchronous series-parallel switching during the circuit's operation, achieving a safe, reliable circuit with high energy utilization efficiency.

[0065] In addition, the control unit can also be used to, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in operation but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is lower than a fifth power threshold (such as 90% or 95%), indicate that the voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is insufficient and requires external charging equipment to charge it. The fifth power threshold is greater than the second power threshold. Therefore, the step-down DC-DC converter 104 is controlled to be in an operating state and the first switch 102 is closed to reduce the voltage of the external electrical energy and transmit it to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101. The switching component is switched to the first connection state, so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel to adapt to the reduced voltage electrical energy. In this way, the obtained charging electrical energy is reduced in voltage by the step-down DC-DC converter 104 and used to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101.

[0066] The control unit may also be configured to, when the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than a sixth power threshold (e.g., 98%), indicate that the voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is sufficient and no external charging device is required, and control the first switch 102 to be disconnected to stop charging the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101. The sixth power threshold is greater than the fifth power threshold.

[0067] In addition, when the electric vehicle is not in operation, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is lower than a first power threshold (e.g., 60%), and the switching component is switched to the first connection state, it indicates that the power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is insufficient, and the operating voltage (e.g., 12V) of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 meets the conditions for adapting to the output voltage (e.g., 12V) of the photovoltaic assembly 107. The control unit can also be used to control the solar maximum power tracker 108 to transmit power from the photovoltaic assembly 107 to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 for storage, and the first switch 102 is disconnected and the step-up DC-DC converter 106 is deactivated to avoid consuming power from the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101.

[0068] Furthermore, when the electric vehicle is not in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is higher than or equal to a sixth power threshold (e.g., 98%), it indicates that the voltage of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101 is sufficient. The control unit can also be used to control the solar maximum power tracker 108 to stop transmitting power from the photovoltaic assembly 107 to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module 101.

[0069] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control method for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, which is applied to the control system of the vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module of an electric vehicle. It should be noted that the basic principle and technical effects of the control method for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module provided in the embodiment of the present application are the same as those in the above embodiment. For the sake of brief description, for matters not mentioned in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the corresponding content in the above embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, a first switch, an auxiliary battery, a step-down DC-DC converter, a power battery, a step-up DC-DC converter, and a control unit. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module includes a switching component and multiple energy storage batteries. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the first switch, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the step-up DC-DC converter, the power battery, the step-down DC-DC converter, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. Figure 5 As shown, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0070] S201: When the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter is activated, so that the electric energy output by the power battery is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery;

[0071] S202: When the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is in operation and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is greater than a second power threshold, the control unit controls the first switch to close and the step-down DC-DC converter to exit operation, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery. The second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

[0072] In some embodiments, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: when the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in the running state and the charging state, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than the first power threshold and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than the third power threshold, the control unit controls the switching component to switch to the second connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch is disconnected, and the boost DC-DC converter is in the working state, so that the electric energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is boosted by the boost DC-DC converter to charge the power battery. Wherein, the third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold

[0073] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching assembly includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the step-up DC-DC converter, and the other ends of the first branch and the second branch are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. Each third switch has one end connected to the second branch and the other end connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch. Each fourth switch has one end connected to the third branch and the other end connected between a second switch and a negative electrode of an energy storage battery. The control unit can control the N-1 second switches to close, the N-1 third switches to open, and the N-1 fourth switches to open, so as to control the switching assembly to switch to the second connection state.

[0074] In some embodiments, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes: when it is determined that the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fourth power threshold, controlling the boost DC-DC converter to exit the working state and controlling the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel.

[0075] In some embodiments, the switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm, the moving contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm, the distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distances between the N-1 third switch and the N-1 fourth switch and the coil are the same.

[0076] The control unit can control the coil to be energized to control the armature arm to move downward, thereby driving the moving contacts of N-1 third switches to disengage from the static contacts, the moving contacts of N-1 fourth switches to disengage from the static contacts, and the moving contacts of N-1 second switches to engage with the static contacts.

[0077] In some embodiments, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application may further include: when the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in a running state but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than the fifth power threshold, controlling the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is closed, and the step-down DC-DC converter is in a working state, so that the acquired charging electric energy is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module; when the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than the sixth power threshold, controlling the first switch to disconnect.

[0078] In some embodiments, the system provided herein further includes a photovoltaic assembly and a solar maximum power point tracker, wherein the photovoltaic assembly, the solar maximum power point tracker, and the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module are electrically connected in sequence. The method provided in an embodiment of the present application further includes: when the electric vehicle is not in operation, the remaining charge of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is below a first charge threshold, and the switching assembly is switched to a first connection state, the control unit controls the solar maximum power point tracker to transfer power from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module for storage, disconnects the first switch, and deactivates the step-up DC-DC converter.

[0079] In some embodiments, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes: when the electric vehicle is not in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is greater than or equal to a sixth power threshold, controlling the solar maximum power point tracker to stop transmitting power from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module.

[0080] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching assembly includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the step-up DC-DC converter, and the other ends of the first branch and the second branch are connected. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each second switch is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. Each third switch has one end connected to the second branch and the other end connected between the positive electrode of an energy storage battery and a second switch. Each fourth switch has one end connected to the third branch and the other end connected between a second switch and a negative electrode of an energy storage battery. The control unit can control the N-1 second switches to be opened, the N-1 third switches to be closed, and the N-1 fourth switches to be closed.

[0081] In some embodiments, the switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm. The movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm. The static contacts of the N-1 second switches are located at a smaller distance from the coil than the static contacts of the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches. The N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches are located at the same distance from the coil. The control unit can de-energize the coil to cause the armature arm to rebound upward, thereby causing the movable contacts of the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches to contact with the static contacts and the movable contacts of the N-1 fourth switches to contact with the static contacts, and the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches to disengage from the static contacts.

[0082] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric vehicle, comprising a control system of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module provided in the above embodiment of the present application.

[0083] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the control unit, the control unit executes the method provided in the above embodiment of the present application.

[0084] While the above description does not provide detailed technical details regarding the patterning of each layer, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various technical means can be employed to form layers, regions, and the like in desired shapes. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may devise methods that differ from those described above to achieve the same structure. Furthermore, while each embodiment has been described separately, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be advantageously combined.

[0085] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0086] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A control system for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module comprises a first switch, an auxiliary battery, a step-down DC-DC converter, a power battery, a step-up DC-DC converter, and a control unit. The vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module comprises a switching component and multiple energy storage batteries. The vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, the first switch, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, the step-up DC-DC converter, the power battery, the step-down DC-DC converter, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The control unit is configured to, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in an operating state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, control the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter is activated, so that the electric energy output by the power battery is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery; The control unit is further configured to control the first switch to close and the step-down DC-DC converter to exit the working state when it is determined that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second power threshold, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery, wherein the second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit is further configured to, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state or a charging state, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than the first power threshold, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a third power threshold, control the switching component to switch to a second connection state, so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch is disconnected, and the step-up DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the electric energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is boosted by the step-up DC-DC converter to charge the power battery, wherein the third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The control unit is further configured to, upon determining that the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fourth power threshold, control the boost DC-DC converter to exit the working state and control the switching component to switch to the first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, wherein the fourth power threshold is lower than the second power threshold.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The number of the energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching component includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the boost DC-DC converter, and the other end of the first branch is connected to the second branch. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each of the second switches is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. One end of each of the third switches is connected to the second branch, and the other end is connected between the positive electrode of one of the energy storage batteries and one of the second switches. One end of each of the fourth switches is connected to the third branch, and the other end is connected between one of the second switches and the negative electrode of one of the energy storage batteries. The control unit is specifically configured to control the N-1 second switches to be closed, the N-1 third switches to be opened, and the N-1 fourth switches to be opened, so as to control the switching component to be switched to the second connection state.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm, wherein the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm, and the distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switch and the N-1 fourth switch and the coil is the same. The control unit is specifically used to control the coil to be energized, so as to control the armature arm to move downward, thereby driving the moving contacts of the N-1 third switches to disengage from the static contacts, the moving contacts of the N-1 fourth switches to disengage from the static contacts, and the moving contacts of the N-1 second switches to engage with the static contacts.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit is further configured to, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fifth power threshold, control the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is closed, and the step-down DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the acquired charging electric energy is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, wherein the fifth power threshold is greater than the second power threshold; When the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a sixth power threshold, the first switch is controlled to be disconnected, wherein the sixth power threshold is greater than the fifth power threshold.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The system also includes a photovoltaic assembly and a solar maximum power point tracker. The photovoltaic assembly, the solar maximum power point tracker, and the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module are electrically connected in sequence. The control unit is further configured to control the solar maximum power point tracker to transfer electrical energy from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module for storage, disconnect the first switch, and deactivate the step-up DC-DC converter when the electric vehicle is not in operation, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a first power threshold, and the switching assembly is switched to a first connection state.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The control unit is further configured to control the solar maximum power point tracker to stop transmitting electrical energy from the photovoltaic assembly to the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module when the electric vehicle is not in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is greater than or equal to a sixth power threshold.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The number of the energy storage batteries is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switching component includes N-1 second switches, N-1 third switches, N-1 fourth switches, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are respectively connected to the first switch and the boost DC-DC converter, and the other end of the first branch is connected to the second branch. The N energy storage batteries are located in the first branch. Each of the second switches is connected between a group of two adjacent energy storage batteries. One end of each of the third switches is connected to the second branch, and the other end is connected between the positive electrode of one of the energy storage batteries and one of the second switches. One end of each of the fourth switches is connected to the third branch, and the other end is connected between one of the second switches and the negative electrode of one of the energy storage batteries. The control unit is specifically configured to control the N-1 second switches to be opened, the N-1 third switches to be closed, and the N-1 fourth switches to be closed.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that The switching assembly further includes a coil and an armature arm, wherein the movable contacts of the N-1 second switches, the N-1 third switches, and the N-1 fourth switches are all located on the armature arm, and the distance between the static contacts of the N-1 second switches and the coil is smaller than the distance between the N-1 third switches and the N-1 fourth switches and the coil, and the distance between the N-1 third switch and the N-1 fourth switch and the coil is the same. The control unit is specifically used to control the de-energization of the coil to control the armature arm to rebound upward, thereby driving the moving contacts of the N-1 third switches to contact with the static contacts and the moving contacts of the N-1 fourth switches to contact with the static contacts, and the moving contacts of the N-1 second switches to disengage from the static contacts.

11. A control method for a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic energy storage module, characterized in that: A control system for an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module for an electric vehicle, the system comprising an on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, a first switch, an auxiliary battery, a step-down DC-DC converter, a power battery, a step-up DC-DC converter, and a control unit. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module comprises a switching assembly and multiple energy storage batteries. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the first switch, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The on-board photovoltaic energy storage module, the step-up DC-DC converter, the power battery, the step-down DC-DC converter, and the auxiliary battery are electrically connected in sequence. The method comprises: The control unit, when determining that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module or the auxiliary battery is less than or equal to a first power threshold, controls the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is disconnected, the step-up DC-DC converter is deactivated, and the step-down DC-DC converter is activated, so that the electric energy output by the power battery is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the auxiliary battery; When determining that the electric vehicle is in a running state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a second power threshold, the control unit controls the first switch to close and the step-down DC-DC converter to exit a working state, so that the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module charges the auxiliary battery, wherein the second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further includes: when the control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in an operating state or a charging state, the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than the first power threshold, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a third power threshold, controlling the switching component to switch to a second connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in series, the first switch is disconnected, and the step-up DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the electric energy output by the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is boosted by the step-up DC-DC converter to charge the power battery, wherein the third power threshold is greater than the first power threshold.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: The control unit, when determining that the electric vehicle is not in a running state but in a charging state and the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is lower than a fifth power threshold, controls the switching component to switch to a first connection state so that the multiple energy storage batteries are connected in parallel, the first switch is closed, and the step-down DC-DC converter is in an operating state, so that the acquired charging electric energy is stepped down by the step-down DC-DC converter to charge the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module; When the remaining power of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module is higher than a sixth power threshold, the first switch is controlled to be disconnected.

14. An electric vehicle comprising the control system of the on-board photovoltaic energy storage module according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a control unit, the control unit is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 11 to 13.

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