Multi-gear speed change device for electric bicycle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric bicycles, in particular to a multi-gear speed change device for an electric bicycle, the multi-gear speed change device comprises an upper computer and a lower computer, the lower computer comprises a mounting frame, a first gear set is fixedly mounted on the side edge of a first rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted at the end, away from the first rotating shaft, of the mounting frame; a second gear set is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second rotating shaft, a chain is installed on the side walls of the second gear set and the first gear set in a transmission mode, and the processing unit instructs the execution unit to conduct gear switching according to the chain, for example, a low-speed gear is switched during climbing, torque is increased, and more labor is saved when a rider climbs the slope; the gear is adjusted to a proper gear during downhill, so that the controllability is improved, and the riding safety is ensured; compared with a traditional manual gear shifting electric bicycle, the device does not need manual operation of a rider, automatically responds to road condition changes and enables the rider to concentrate on road conditions, and riding comfort and safety are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric bicycles, and in particular to a multi-speed transmission device for electric bicycles. Background Art

[0002] In modern transportation, electric bicycles, with their environmentally friendly and convenient features, have become an essential means of transportation for short distances. However, during daily riding, electric bicycles frequently encounter complex road conditions, such as uphill and downhill slopes and bumpy roads, which places high demands on their transmission systems. Existing electric bicycle transmissions, especially when dealing with these challenging road conditions, present numerous problems.

[0003] Traditional manual-shift e-bikes have significant drawbacks when manually shifting gears on uphill and downhill sections and on bumpy roads. When going uphill, riders need to rely on their experience to switch to a low gear in time to increase torque and climb the slope easily. However, in actual riding, riders may be focused on dealing with complex road conditions, such as avoiding pedestrians or vehicles, making it difficult to quickly judge and complete gear changes. If gear changes are not made in a timely manner, it can make riding difficult or even impossible to climb the slope smoothly, greatly affecting the riding experience. Manual shifting also presents problems when going downhill. If the appropriate gear cannot be adjusted in time, the vehicle speed cannot be effectively controlled, the maneuverability is reduced, and the safety risks of riding are increased. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: For traditional manual-shift e-bikes, manual shifting has significant drawbacks when going uphill or downhill, and on bumpy roads. When going uphill, riders need to rely on their experience to switch to a low gear in time to increase torque in order to climb easily. However, in actual riding, riders may be focused on dealing with complex road conditions, such as avoiding pedestrians or vehicles, and it is difficult to quickly judge and complete the gear shift operation. If the gear is not shifted in time, it may make riding difficult or even impossible to climb smoothly, which greatly affects the riding experience. Manual shifting also has problems when going downhill. If the appropriate gear is not adjusted in time, the speed of the vehicle will be difficult to effectively control, the maneuverability will be reduced, and the safety risk of riding will increase.

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle comprises an upper computer and a lower computer; the lower computer comprises a mounting frame, wherein a shift mechanism is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame, and the shift mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft;

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame, a first gear set is fixedly mounted on a side of the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on an end of the mounting frame away from the first rotating shaft, a second gear set is fixedly mounted on a side wall of the second rotating shaft, a chain is driven by the second gear set and the side wall of the first gear set, and a concave block is provided on the side wall of the chain;

[0009] In a possible implementation, the host computer includes a speed change device control system, and the system includes a detection unit, a transmission unit, a processing unit, and an execution unit.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a pneumatic rod is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the concave block.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a cylinder is fixedly mounted on one end of the pneumatic rod away from the concave block.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a signal receiver is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder away from the pneumatic rod.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a leveler is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mounting frame.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a signal transmitter is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mounting frame, and the leveler is located on the left side of the signal transmitter.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the detection unit is mainly composed of a leveler, which is installed on the side wall of the mounting frame. Its core function is to monitor the balance state of the mounting frame in real time during the driving of the electric bicycle. The leveler has built-in acceleration sensor and angle sensor, and judges the balance state of the mounting frame by real-time monitoring of acceleration and tilt angle.

[0016] The transmission unit is responsible for accurately and quickly transmitting the electrical signals collected by the detection unit. It consists of a signal transmitter and a signal receiver. After the leveler detects that the mounting frame is unbalanced, it transmits the signal to the signal transmitter. The signal transmitter then transmits the signal to the signal receiver in a specific manner, ensuring that the detected road condition information can be smoothly transferred to the processing link, laying the foundation for timely adjustment of the gear.

[0017] The processing unit, with the signal receiver as its core, is responsible for receiving and processing the signal from the transmission unit. When the signal receiver receives the mounting frame imbalance signal from the signal transmitter (i.e., the vehicle is on an uphill, downhill, or bumpy road):

[0018] Road condition judgment algorithm: Based on the received signals, combined with historical data and vehicle motion status information (such as speed and acceleration, which can be obtained through data interaction with other e-bike sensors), a machine learning classification algorithm (such as a decision tree algorithm) is used to judge road conditions and classify road conditions into categories such as uphill, downhill, bumpy sections, and flat sections;

[0019] Gear decision algorithm: Based on the road condition judgment results, gear decision is made according to the preset gear decision table.

[0020] The execution unit includes multiple execution units, which are responsible for implementing the instructions issued by the processing unit to effectively respond to slope shifting:

[0021] Cylinder: directly connected to the signal receiver, after receiving the gear adjustment instruction from the processing unit (signal receiver), it responds quickly through the rapid change of internal air pressure;

[0022] Pneumatic rod: one end is fixedly connected to the cylinder, and the other end is tightly connected to the concave block, and performs linear telescopic motion under the drive of the cylinder;

[0023] Concave block: fixedly installed on the side wall of the chain, it is the key component connecting the pneumatic rod and the chain. It moves along the length of the chain under the push of the pneumatic rod, and drives the chain to move synchronously through its own displacement;

[0024] Chain: Wrapped around the side walls of the first and second gear sets, it changes the meshing state with the two gear sets driven by the concave blocks, ensuring stability and transmission efficiency when meshing with different gears. It changes the transmission ratio by adjusting its contact position with the gears.

[0025] The first gear set and the second gear set are fixedly mounted on the side walls of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively. The number of teeth and arrangement density of the two gear sets are different. When the chain meshes with gears at different positions, different transmission ratios are formed;

[0026] The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame to provide stable support and rotating shafts for the first gear set and the second gear set.

[0027] Beneficial effects compared with existing technologies:

[0028] 1. In this solution, the multi-speed transmission device used in the electric bicycle can automatically adjust the gear according to different road conditions, significantly improving the riding experience. When riding on a hill, downhill or bumpy road, the leveler on the side wall of the mounting frame will sensitively sense the change in the mounting frame's balance state and quickly transmit the signal to the processing unit through the signal transmitter and signal receiver in sequence. The processing unit instructs the execution unit to switch gears accordingly. For example, when climbing a hill, it switches to a low gear to increase torque, making it easier for the rider to climb uphill; when going downhill, it adjusts to the appropriate gear to improve controllability and ensure riding safety; when riding on bumpy roads, it switches to a specific gear to reduce vibration and enhance riding stability. Compared with traditional electric bicycles with manual shifting, this device does not require manual operation by the rider and automatically responds to changes in road conditions, allowing the rider to focus more on the road conditions, greatly improving riding comfort and safety.

[0029] 2. In this solution, the detection unit's level gauge monitors road conditions in real time, the transmission unit quickly transmits signals, the processing unit accurately analyzes and issues instructions, and finally the execution unit accurately completes gear switching. The entire process is tightly coordinated and linked. Driven by the concave block, the chain can accurately change the meshing position with the first and second gear sets, precisely adjusting the transmission ratio according to different road conditions. For example, when switching between flat roads and complex road conditions, the appropriate gear can be quickly and accurately adjusted to ensure that the power output of the electric bicycle is perfectly matched to the riding requirements. This efficient and precise speed shifting method avoids power waste, improves energy efficiency, and extends the range of the electric bicycle. At the same time, it ensures the stability and reliability of power transmission, reduces the damage to vehicle components caused by poor power transmission, and extends the vehicle's service life.

[0030] 3. In this solution, the cylinder, pneumatic rod, chain, gear set, etc. work together, occupying a small space and having a compact overall structure. It will not cause too many changes to the original structure of the electric bicycle and is easy to install and integrate. Moreover, this unitized design makes each component relatively independent. If a component fails, maintenance personnel can easily disassemble and replace it. For example, when there is a problem with the cylinder, it can be directly inspected or replaced without large-scale disassembly of the entire transmission system. This not only reduces the difficulty of maintenance and shortens maintenance time, but also reduces maintenance costs, improves the convenience and economy of electric bicycles, and provides a more worry-free user experience for the majority of electric bicycle users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the chain structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second gear set of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention.

[0036] Legend: 11. Mounting frame; 12. First rotating shaft; 13. First gear set; 14. Second gear set; 15. Chain; 17. Second rotating shaft; 18. Cylinder; 19. Signal receiver; 21. Pneumatic rod; 22. Concave block; 23. Leveler; 24. Signal transmitter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in various forms, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, in order to more clearly describe the present invention, components that are not related to the present invention will be omitted from the drawings.

[0038] The technical solution in the embodiments of the present application is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0039] Example:

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment introduces a specific structure of a multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle, including an upper computer and a lower computer;

[0041] The lower machine includes a mounting frame 11. When riding on an uphill, downhill, or bumpy road, the side walls of the mounting frame 11 serve to support and secure other components, and the leveler 23 installed on the side wall will no longer be in a balanced state. A first rotating shaft 12 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame 11, and the first rotating shaft 12 provides rotational support for the first gear set 13.

[0042] A first gear set 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the first rotating shaft 12, and the first gear set 13 cooperates with the chain 15 to realize power transmission. A second rotating shaft 17 is rotatably installed on the end of the mounting frame 11 away from the first rotating shaft 12, and the second rotating shaft 17 provides rotation support for the second gear set 14. A second gear set 14 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the second rotating shaft 17, and the second gear set 14 cooperates with the chain 15 to realize power transmission, and works together with the first gear set 13 to realize speed change by changing the position of the chain 15. The second gear set 14 A chain 15 is installed on the side wall of the first gear set 13. The chain 15 meshes with the first and second gear sets at different positions to change the transmission ratio and achieve gear shifting. A concave block 22 is provided on the side wall of the chain 15. The concave block 22 drives the chain 15 to move under the push of a pneumatic rod 21. A pneumatic rod 21 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the concave block 22. The pneumatic rod 21 is driven by a cylinder 18 to push the concave block 22 to move. The end of the pneumatic rod 21 away from the concave block 22 is fixedly installed with a cylinder 18. The cylinder 18 provides power to the pneumatic rod 21 to extend or retract it.

[0043] A signal receiver 19 is fixedly installed on the end of the cylinder 18 away from the pneumatic rod 21. The signal receiver 19 receives the signal and controls the operation of the cylinder 18. A leveler 23 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting frame 11. At this time, the leveler 23 senses the change in the balance state of the mounting frame 11 and transmits the signal to the signal transmitter 24. A signal transmitter 24 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting frame 11. The signal transmitter 24 receives the signal of the leveler 23 and then transmits the signal to the signal receiver 19. The leveler 23 is located on the left side of the signal transmitter 24. At this moment, the road section is an unbalanced section. The signal receiver 19 drives the cylinder 18 to start working, and the cylinder 18 drives the pneumatic rod 21 to start extending. The pneumatic rod 21 will push the concave block 22 to move from front to back, and the concave block 22 drives the chain 15 to move from front to back, changing the gear to a low-speed section, making uphill more labor-saving, downhill easier to control, and bumpy sections safer.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, its host computer includes a detection unit, a transmission unit, a processing unit and an execution unit:

[0045] Detection unit: mainly composed of a leveler 23, installed on the side wall of the mounting frame 11. Its core function is to monitor the balance state of the mounting frame in real time during the operation of the electric bicycle. The leveler 23 has a built-in acceleration sensor and an angle sensor. It determines the balance state of the mounting frame by real-time monitoring of acceleration and tilt angle. The calculation is based on the following formula: When the leveler is in a horizontal and stationary state, the acceleration value detected by the acceleration sensor in each direction is 、 、 The tilt angle value detected by the angle sensor is 、 、 ; When the vehicle is driving, the detection value of the acceleration sensor is obtained in real time 、 、 And the detection value of the angle sensor 、 、 , and then through the preset balance judgment algorithm:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] when or hour( and is a pre-set threshold), it is determined that the mounting frame balance is broken, that is, the vehicle may be on an uphill, downhill or bumpy road section. At this time, the leveler 23 converts this change into an electrical signal to provide initial detection data for subsequent speed change operations.

[0049] Transmission unit: This unit is responsible for accurately and quickly transmitting the electrical signals collected by the detection unit. It consists of a signal transmitter 24 and a signal receiver 19. After the leveler 23 detects that the mounting frame 11 is unbalanced, it transmits the signal to the signal transmitter 24. The signal transmitter 24 then transmits the signal to the signal receiver 19 in a specific manner, ensuring that the detected road condition information can be smoothly transferred to the processing link, laying the foundation for timely gear adjustment.

[0050] The processing unit, with the signal receiver 19 as its core, is responsible for receiving and processing signals from the transmission unit. When the signal receiver 19 receives an imbalance signal from the mounting bracket 11 (i.e., the vehicle is on an uphill, downhill, or bumpy road) from the signal transmitter 24, the processing unit pre-sets a road condition determination algorithm and a gear decision algorithm:

[0051] Road condition assessment algorithm: Based on the received signals, combined with historical data and vehicle motion status information (such as speed and acceleration, which can be obtained through data interaction with other e-bike sensors), a machine learning classification algorithm (such as a decision tree algorithm) is used to assess road conditions. Road conditions are categorized as uphill, downhill, bumpy, and flat.

[0052] Gear decision algorithm: Based on the road condition judgment result, the gear decision is made according to the preset gear decision table. For example, when it is judged to be an uphill section, according to the slope size (which can be calculated by combining the angle sensor data with trigonometric functions), if the slope is greater than , the decision is to switch to low gear; if the slope is arrive between( ), the decision is made to switch to a lower speed gear for downhill and bumpy sections. Similarly, the corresponding gear is decided according to different road conditions. After analyzing according to the above algorithm, the processing unit sends a control instruction to the execution unit to decide to start the speed change operation to adapt to different road conditions.

[0053] Execution unit: contains multiple execution units, responsible for implementing the speed change instructions issued by the processing unit and realizing gear adjustment:

[0054] Cylinder 18: Directly connected to the signal receiver 19, after receiving the gear adjustment command from the processing unit (signal receiver 19), it responds quickly through the rapid change of internal air pressure. A pressure sensor and a solenoid valve are installed inside the cylinder 18. When receiving the gear adjustment command, the air pressure in the cylinder 18 is adjusted by controlling the opening of the solenoid valve according to the target gear information in the command. If a large power is required to push the pneumatic rod 21 to achieve a quick gear shift (such as switching from a high gear to a low gear to cope with a steep slope), the solenoid valve opening is increased to allow more compressed air to enter the cylinder 18 and increase the air pressure in the cylinder 18; if only a fine-tuning of the gear is required (such as a small gear adjustment on a slightly bumpy road), the solenoid valve opening is appropriately reduced. In this way, the pneumatic rod is driven to perform targeted telescopic movement, providing stable power output for the entire gear switching process, ensuring the timeliness and controllable force of the gear adjustment action;

[0055] Pneumatic rod 21: One end is fixedly connected to the cylinder 18, and the other end is tightly connected to the concave block. Driven by the cylinder 18, the pneumatic rod performs linear telescopic motion. The telescopic length of the pneumatic rod is determined by the air pressure in the cylinder 18 and the stroke control mechanism. The stroke control mechanism accurately controls the telescopic length of the pneumatic rod based on the gear adjustment requirements corresponding to the road conditions (such as uphill, downhill, and bumpy sections) determined by the processing unit. For example, when switching to a low gear on an uphill section, the stroke control mechanism accurately adjusts the telescopic length of the pneumatic rod based on the travel distance of the chain 15 corresponding to the preset low gear and the air pressure in the cylinder 18, thereby determining the travel distance of the concave block and providing direct power transmission for precise gear switching.

[0056] Concave block: Fixedly mounted on the side wall of the chain 15, it is the key component connecting the pneumatic rod and the chain 15. Driven by the pneumatic rod, it moves along the length of the chain 15, driving the chain 15 to move synchronously through its own displacement. The shape of the concave block is designed to fit tightly with the chain 15 to prevent it from separating from the chain 15 during movement. The direction (forward or backward) and distance of its movement are directly determined by the extension and retraction direction and length of the pneumatic rod, which in turn directly determines the direction (upshift or downshift) and amplitude of the gear shift.

[0057] Chain 15: Wrapped around the side walls of the first gear set 13 and the second gear set 14, it changes its meshing state with the two gear sets under the drive of the concave block. Chain 15 adopts high-precision manufacturing technology to ensure stability and transmission efficiency when meshing with different gears. By adjusting its own contact position with the gear, the transmission ratio is changed to achieve gear switching. For example, when switching to low speed when going uphill, chain 15 meshes with the gear with a relatively small number of teeth in the first gear set 13 and the second gear set 14 to increase torque; when switching to medium speed when going downhill, chain 15 meshes with the gear with a relatively large number of teeth to improve handling; when switching to a specific stable gear on bumpy roads, chain 15 meshes with a gear with a specific number of teeth that can reduce vibration to reduce vibration. Chain 15 is the core transmission component for power transmission and gear change;

[0058] The first gear set 13 and the second gear set 14 are fixedly mounted on the side walls of the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 17 respectively. The two sets of gears have different numbers of teeth and arrangement densities. When the chain 15 meshes with gears at different positions, different transmission ratios can be formed. When the first gear set 13 meshes with the small-toothed gear of the second gear set 14, it is a low-speed gear, suitable for going uphill and providing greater torque; when it meshes with the large-toothed gear, it is a high-speed gear, suitable for going downhill and achieving a higher speed; when it meshes with the middle-toothed gear, it is a medium-speed gear, suitable for flat or bumpy roads, taking into account both power and stability, and the speed change function is achieved through the meshing change between gears;

[0059] The first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 17 are respectively rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame 11 to provide stable support and rotating shafts for the first gear set 13 and the second gear set 14. The rotating shafts are made of high-strength alloy steel and the surface is treated with wear-resistant treatment to increase their service life. High-precision bearings are installed at both ends of the rotating shafts to ensure that the gear set maintains a stable position and rotation accuracy during the transmission process of the chain 15. This design avoids the gear and chain 15 from disengaging or transmission failure due to shaking, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of power transmission after gear switching.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above description are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all embodiments. However, obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle, comprising an upper computer and a lower computer; The lower machine includes a mounting frame (11), characterized in that: A shift mechanism is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame (11), and the shift mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft (12); The first rotating shaft (12) is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame (11), a first gear set (13) is fixedly mounted on the side of the first rotating shaft (12), a second rotating shaft (17) is rotatably mounted on one end of the mounting frame (11) away from the first rotating shaft (12), a second gear set (14) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the second rotating shaft (17), a chain (15) is driven and mounted on the side wall of the second gear set (14) and the first gear set (13), and a concave block (22) is provided on the side wall of the chain (15); The host computer includes a speed change device control system, and the system includes a detection unit, a transmission unit, a processing unit and an execution unit.

2. A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pneumatic rod (21) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the concave block (22).

3. A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cylinder (18) is fixedly mounted on one end of the pneumatic rod (21) away from the concave block (22).

4. A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A signal receiver (19) is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder (18) away from the pneumatic rod (21).

5. The multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein: A leveler (23) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mounting frame (11).

6. A multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A signal transmitter (24) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mounting frame (11), and the leveler (23) is located on the left side of the signal transmitter (24).

7. The multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit is mainly composed of a leveler (23) and is installed on the side wall of the mounting frame (11). Its core function is to monitor the balance state of the mounting frame in real time during the driving of the electric bicycle. The leveler (23) has a built-in acceleration sensor and an angle sensor, and judges the balance state of the mounting frame by real-time monitoring of the acceleration and tilt angle.

8. The multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission unit is responsible for accurately and quickly transmitting the electrical signal collected by the detection unit, and is composed of a signal transmitter (24) and a signal receiver (19). After the leveler (23) detects that the mounting frame (11) is unbalanced, it transmits the signal to the signal transmitter (24). The signal transmitter (24) then transmits the signal to the signal receiver (19) in a specific manner, ensuring that the detected road condition information can be smoothly transferred to the processing link, laying the foundation for timely adjustment of the gear position.

9. The multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein: The processing unit, with the signal receiver (19) as its core, is responsible for receiving and processing the signal from the transmission unit. When the signal receiver (19) receives the unbalanced signal of the mounting frame (11) transmitted by the signal transmitter (24) (i.e., the vehicle is on an uphill, downhill or bumpy road): Road condition judgment algorithm: Based on the received signals, combined with historical data and vehicle motion status information (such as speed and acceleration, obtained through data interaction with other e-bike sensors), a machine learning classification algorithm (such as a decision tree algorithm) is used to judge road conditions and classify road conditions into uphill, downhill, bumpy sections, and flat sections. Gear decision algorithm: Based on the road condition judgment results, gear decision is made according to the preset gear decision table.

10. The multi-speed transmission device for an electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein: The execution unit includes multiple execution units, which are responsible for implementing the instructions issued by the processing unit to effectively respond to slope shifting: Cylinder (18): directly connected to the signal receiver (19), and responds quickly through rapid changes in internal air pressure after receiving the gear adjustment instruction from the processing unit (signal receiver (19)); Pneumatic rod (21): one end is fixedly connected to the cylinder (18), and the other end is closely connected to the concave block, and performs linear telescopic motion under the drive of the cylinder (18); Concave block: fixedly mounted on the side wall of the chain (15), it is a key component connecting the pneumatic rod and the chain (15), and moves along the length direction of the chain (15) under the push of the pneumatic rod, and drives the chain (15) to move synchronously through its own displacement; Chain (15): Wrapped around the side walls of the first gear set (13) and the second gear set (14), the chain changes the meshing state with the two gear sets under the drive of the concave block, ensuring stability and transmission efficiency when meshing with different gears, and changes the transmission ratio by adjusting the contact position between the chain and the gears; The first gear set (13) and the second gear set (14) are fixedly mounted on the side walls of the first rotating shaft (12) and the second rotating shaft (17), respectively. The two sets of gears have different numbers of teeth and arrangement densities. When the chain (15) meshes with gears at different positions, different transmission ratios are formed. The first rotating shaft (12) and the second rotating shaft (17) are respectively rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame (11) to provide stable support and rotating shafts for the first gear set (13) and the second gear set (14).

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