Fabric based on long fiber and wool short fiber composite material and preparation method thereof
By composite processing of modified wool staple fibers and ramie long fibers, combined with enzymatic hydrolysis and mixed textile technology, the problem of insufficient strength and wear resistance of staple fiber fabrics was solved, the wrinkle resistance and color fastness of the fabrics were improved, and the preparation of high-performance composite fabrics was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510779842.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
AI Technical Summary
During the weaving process, the friction and cohesion between fibers of short-fiber fabrics are relatively small, resulting in insufficient strength and poor wear resistance of the fabric. At the same time, colored down jacket fabrics need to have good wrinkle resistance and color fastness.
Modified wool staple fiber and ramie long fiber were mixed, pretreated with acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, and treated with xylanase, protease and TG enzyme to prepare modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, which was then mixed with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber and acrylic long fiber to form composite fabrics.
It significantly improves the wear resistance, wrinkle resistance and perspiration color fastness of the fabric, and improves the overall mechanical properties and color fastness of the fabric.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fabrics, and in particular relates to a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Short fibers (wool short fibers, bamboo short fibers, etc.) have limited length and many connection points between fibers. During the weaving process, the friction and cohesion between the fibers are relatively small, resulting in the final woven fabric having insufficient strength and poor wear resistance. To improve this problem, short fibers and long fibers can be mixed and spun to improve the mechanical properties of the fabric, such as improving the strength and wear resistance of the fabric.
[0003] In addition, colored down jacket fabrics are also required to have good wrinkle resistance and color fastness. Wrinkle resistance is to ensure that the down jacket can maintain a good shape after being stored in the summer and used in the next winter. Color fastness is directly related to the color stability of the down jacket (such as the collar, cuffs, etc.) during actual wearing. Based on this, the present invention provides a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers and a preparation method thereof in order to solve the above problems.
[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers. The fabric comprises, by weight, 40-55 parts of modified short wool fibers-ramie long fibers, 5-12 parts of long silk fibers, 12-20 parts of short bamboo fibers, and 25-35 parts of long acrylic fibers. Among them, the method for obtaining modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber is to mix ramie long fiber pretreated with acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution with wool staple fiber to obtain mixed fiber, and the mixed fiber is immersed in enzymatic hydrolysis solution, and then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, enzyme inactivation, deionized water washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain it.
[0006] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, the mass concentration of acrylamide is 5-8%; the mass concentration of citric acid is 6-10%.
[0007] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the mass ratio of the ramie long fibers to the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution is 1:15-20.
[0008] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the enzymatic hydrolysis solution comprises, by weight, 3-7 parts of xylanase, 2-8 parts of protease, 4-10 parts of TG enzyme, and 85-90 parts of deionized water.
[0009] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the mass ratio of the ramie long fiber to the wool short fiber is 1:2-4, and 1.2-1.8 kg of enzymatic hydrolysis solution is used for every 100 g of mixed fiber for enzymatic hydrolysis reaction.
[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers, comprising the following steps: Step 1: soaking the ramie long fibers in an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution while maintaining heat, stirring continuously, washing with deionized water until neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated ramie long fibers; Step 2: preparing an enzymatic solution in proportion, uniformly mixing the pretreated ramie long fiber and the wool short fiber, and then pouring them into the enzymatic solution in proportion, adjusting the pH, and performing an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction under heat preservation conditions. After the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is completed, the enzyme is inactivated, and then the modified wool short fiber-ramie long fiber is obtained after washing with deionized water to neutrality and drying. Step 3: Mix the modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber in proportion and weave them into composite fiber yarns, and use the composite fiber yarns as warp and weft yarns to weave composite fabrics.
[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, in step 1, during immersion, the water bath is heated to 80-95° C., refluxed at a constant temperature for 4-7 hours, and the stirring speed is 80-100 r / min.
[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, in step 2, the pH is adjusted to 4-6, the temperature is kept at 45-60° C., and the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention uses an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution to pretreat ramie long fibers, and uses xylanase, protease, and TG enzyme to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction on the pretreated ramie long fibers and wool staple fibers to obtain modified wool staple fibers-ramie long fibers. The modified wool staple fibers-ramie long fibers are added to the fiber system of a composite fabric for weaving together, and can significantly improve the wear resistance, wrinkle resistance, and perspiration color fastness of the fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present application is described in further detail below. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.
[0015] 1. Materials 1. Xylanase and hemicellulase: both purchased from Shanghai Huzheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99% 2. Protease (acidic protease): purchased from Shanghai Xuanya Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; 3. TG enzyme (glutamine transaminase): purchased from Wuhan Weissman Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with a purity of 98%; 4. Long fiber (ramie long fiber, flax long fiber, silk long fiber and acrylic long fiber): refers to the fiber with a length of more than 10 cm. The long fiber used in the following experiments is 11-13 cm long. 5. Short fibers (wool short fibers, bamboo short fibers): refers to fibers with a length of less than 10 cm. The length of the short fibers used in the following experiments is 2-5 cm. In the following examples, any method not specified may be carried out according to conventional methods. Other materials and reagents used may be obtained through commercial channels unless otherwise specified.
[0016] 2. Methods 2.1 Preparation of modified wool short fiber-ramie long fiber 2.1.1. Immerse ramie fibers in an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution for 6 hours under constant temperature reflux, stirring continuously at a speed of 85 rpm. After immersion, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry to obtain the pretreated ramie fibers. The mass ratio of ramie long fiber to acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution is 1:15; In the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, the mass concentration of acrylamide is 6.5%; the mass concentration of citric acid is 8%; 2.1.2. Prepare an enzymatic hydrolysis solution (5 parts of xylanase, 6 parts of protease, 7 parts of TG enzyme, and 82 parts of deionized water) in proportion. Evenly mix the pretreated ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber (the mass ratio of ramie long fiber to wool staple fiber is 1:3) to obtain a mixed fiber. Pour the mixed fiber into the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. 1.5 kg of enzymatic hydrolysis solution is required for every 100 g of mixed fiber. Adjust the pH to 5.5, keep the temperature at 52°C, and perform the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction for 2 h. After the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is completed, inactivate the enzyme, and then wash with deionized water until neutral. After drying, the modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber is obtained.
[0017] 2.2 Preparation of composite fabrics By weight, it includes 40 parts of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, 12 parts of silk long fiber, 15 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 33 parts of acrylic long fiber; Modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber was mixed with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber and spun into a composite fiber yarn. The composite fiber yarn (fineness of 25D) was used as the warp and weft yarns for weaving to obtain a composite fabric (denoted as group S1). The composite fabric (plain weave, all plain weaves in the following experiments) had a warp weaving density of 70 yarns / cm2 and a weft weaving density of 55 yarns / cm2 (all experiments below remained consistent).
[0018] 2.4 Single-factor experiment 2.4.1. Adjust the amount of acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution Group S2: Based on group S1, in this group, only the mass ratio of ramie long fiber and acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution was adjusted. Specifically, the mass ratio of ramie long fiber and acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution was 1:17; the rest remained consistent with group S1.
[0019] Group S3: Based on group S1, in this group, only the mass ratio of ramie long fiber and acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution was adjusted. Specifically, the mass ratio of ramie long fiber and acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution was 1:20; the rest remained the same as group S1.
[0020] 2.4.2 Replacement of components in acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution Group S2-D1: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution were replaced. Specifically, in the acrylamide-acetic acid mixed solution, the mass concentration of acrylamide was 6.5%; the mass concentration of acetic acid was 8%, that is, citric acid was replaced by acetic acid with an equal mass fraction; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0021] Group S2-D2: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution were replaced. Specifically, the mass concentration of acrylamide in the acrylamide solution was 6.5%, that is, citric acid was replaced by deionized water with an equal mass fraction; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0022] Group S2-D3: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution were replaced. Specifically, the mass concentration of acrylamide in the acrylamide solution was 14.5%, that is, citric acid was replaced by an equal mass fraction of acrylamide; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0023] Group S2-D4: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution were replaced. Specifically, the mass concentration of citric acid in the citric acid solution was 8%, that is, acrylamide was replaced by deionized water with an equal mass fraction; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0024] Group S2-D5: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution were replaced. Specifically, the mass concentration of citric acid in the citric acid solution was 14.5%, that is, acrylamide was replaced by citric acid with an equal mass fraction; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0025] 2.4.3. Replacement of components in the enzymatic solution S2-D6 group: Based on the S2 group, in this group, only the components in the enzymatic hydrolysis solution were replaced. Specifically, the enzymatic hydrolysis solution included 5 parts of hemicellulase, 6 parts of protease, 7 parts of TG enzyme, and 82 parts of deionized water, by weight; that is, xylanase was replaced by hemicellulase in equal parts by weight; the rest were consistent with the S2 group.
[0026] Group S2-D7: Based on group S2, in this group, only the components in the enzymatic hydrolysis solution were replaced. Specifically, the enzymatic hydrolysis solution included 6 parts of protease, 12 parts of TG enzyme, and 82 parts of deionized water, by weight; that is, xylanase was replaced by TG enzyme in equal parts by weight; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0027] 2.4.4. Raw material substitution of modified wool short fiber and ramie long fiber Group S2-D8: Based on group S2, in this group, only the raw materials of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber were replaced, specifically, modified wool staple fiber-flax long fiber; that is, ramie long fiber was replaced with equal weight parts of flax long fiber; the rest were consistent with group S2.
[0028] 2.4.5. Adjust the amount of each fiber in the composite fabric Group S4: Based on group S2, in this group, only the amount of each fiber in the composite fabric was adjusted. Specifically, the composite fabric included 48 parts by weight of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, 9 parts by weight of silk long fiber, 16 parts by weight of bamboo staple fiber, and 27 parts by weight of acrylic long fiber; the rest remained the same as group S2.
[0029] Group S5: Based on group S2, in this group, only the amount of each fiber in the composite fabric was adjusted. Specifically, the composite fabric included 55 parts of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, 5 parts of silk long fiber, 12 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 28 parts of acrylic long fiber, by weight; the rest remained consistent with group S2.
[0030] 2.4.6. Blank group experimental design Blank group 1: Omit step 2.1.1 (i.e., only omit the pretreatment of ramie long fibers), as follows: 1) Prepare an enzymatic hydrolysis solution in the same proportion as that of group S2, uniformly mix ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber (the mass ratio of ramie long fiber to wool staple fiber is 1:3) to obtain a mixed fiber, pour the mixed fiber into the enzymatic hydrolysis solution, and require 1.5 kg of enzymatic hydrolysis solution for every 100 g of mixed fiber. Adjust the pH to 5.5, keep the temperature at 52°C, and perform the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction for 2 h. After the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, inactivate the enzyme, and then wash with deionized water until neutral and dry to obtain the modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber. 2) The modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber was mixed with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber (40 parts of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, 12 parts of silk long fiber, 15 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 33 parts of acrylic long fiber) and woven into a composite fiber yarn. The composite fiber yarn (fineness of 25D) was used as the warp and weft yarns to obtain a composite fabric (weaving density was the same as that of group S2).
[0031] Blank group 2: Omit step 2.1.2 (i.e., only omit the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction), as follows: 1) soaking ramie long fibers in an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, heating the solution to 85°C in a water bath, and refluxing at the constant temperature for 6 hours while stirring continuously at a stirring speed of 85 r / min. After soaking, the pretreated ramie long fibers were washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried to obtain the pretreated ramie long fibers. The mass ratio of ramie long fiber to acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution is 1:17; In the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, the mass concentration of acrylamide is 6.5%; the mass concentration of citric acid is 8%; 2) The pretreated ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber were mixed with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber (40 parts of ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber, 12 parts of silk long fiber, 15 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 33 parts of acrylic long fiber, where the mass ratio of ramie long fiber to wool staple fiber was 1:3) and woven into a composite fiber yarn. The composite fiber yarn (fineness of 25D) was used as the warp and weft yarns to obtain a composite fabric (weaving density was the same as that of group S2).
[0032] Blank group 3: Omit step 2.1.1 (pretreatment of ramie long fiber) and step 2.1.2 (enzymatic hydrolysis reaction), as follows: Wool staple fiber, ramie long fiber, silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber were mixed (40 parts of ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber, 12 parts of silk long fiber, 15 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 33 parts of acrylic long fiber, where the mass ratio of ramie long fiber to wool staple fiber was 1:3) and woven into a composite fiber yarn. The composite fiber yarn (fineness of 25D) was used as the warp and weft yarn to obtain a composite fabric (weaving density was the same as that of group S2).
[0033] 3. Anti-wrinkle performance test 3.1 Wear resistance test Abrasion resistance test: According to the test standard of "GB / T21196.2-2007 Textiles - Martindale Method for Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics", abrasion resistance tests were conducted on the fabric samples of the experimental groups (S1-5 groups), control groups (S2-D1-8 groups), and blank groups (blank groups 1-3). The abrasion resistance index Ai (average mass loss per friction) was measured. The test results are recorded in Table 1: Table 1 Wear resistance test data record ; Experimental conclusion: Through the analysis of the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the wear resistance of the composite fabrics of the experimental groups (S1-5 groups) is good, among which group S4 is the best embodiment, indicating that the present invention pretreats the ramie long fibers with an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, and then adds the modified wool short fibers-ramie long fibers obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated ramie long fibers and wool short fibers to the composite fabric fiber system, which can significantly improve the wear resistance of the fabric.
[0034] 3.2 Anti-wrinkle performance test Wrinkle resistance test: Based on the test standard of "FZ / T 01045-1996 Umbrella Method", the drape of each fabric sample in the experimental group (groups S1-5), the control group (groups S2-D1-8), and the blank group (groups 1-3) was measured using a fabric drape meter (model YG811). This was used as the wrinkle resistance test standard for the fabric. The drape coefficient was calculated as F = (S3-S2) / (S1-S2), where S1 is the sample area, S2 is the clamping plate area, and S3 is the projected area of the fabric sample. The average value of 10 measurements was taken. The test results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Anti-wrinkle performance test data record ; Experimental conclusion: The composite fabric obtained by blending modified wool staple fiber with ramie long fiber, silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber and acrylic long fiber in the present invention has good wrinkle resistance, among which the S2 group, S4 group and S5 group have better effects. Analysis shows that the synergistic use of acrylamide and citric acid to pretreat the ramie long fiber and the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of the pretreated ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber will both improve the wrinkle resistance of the final composite fabric. Among them, the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of glycanase, protease and TG enzyme on ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber may have a certain synergistic effect.
[0035] 3.3. Color fastness to dry and wet friction performance test Color fastness to dry and wet rubbing: According to the test standard of "GB / T 3922-2013 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to perspiration", the dyed fabric samples of the above experimental group (S1-5 groups), control group (S2-D1-8 groups), and blank group (blank 1-3 groups) were tested for their color fastness to perspiration (alkaline). The "GB / T 251-2008 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Grey scale for assessment of staining" was used to assess the color fastness to perspiration of cotton cloth (5, 4-5, 4, 3-4, 3, 2-3, 2, 1-2, 1, among which the least resistant to staining: 5; the most easily stained: 1). The experimental data are recorded in Table 3: Table 3 Dry and wet rubbing color fastness performance test data record ; Experimental conclusion: It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that the modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber has the function of significantly improving the color fastness to sweat of the composite fabric compared with the unmodified wool staple fiber and ramie long fiber. Among them, the pretreatment process of ramie long fiber and the enzymatic hydrolysis process of the pretreated ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber have a significant effect on the color fastness to sweat of the final composite fabric. It is further verified that when the ramie long fiber is pretreated with acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution and the pretreated ramie long fiber and wool staple fiber are enzymatically hydrolyzed with xylanase, protease and TG enzyme, the color fastness to sweat of the composite fabric is the best.
[0036] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers, characterized in that: The fabric comprises, by weight, 40-55 parts of modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber, 5-12 parts of silk long fiber, 12-20 parts of bamboo staple fiber, and 25-35 parts of acrylic long fiber; Among them, the method for obtaining modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber is to mix ramie long fiber pretreated with acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution with wool staple fiber to obtain mixed fiber, and the mixed fiber is immersed in enzymatic hydrolysis solution, and then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, enzyme inactivation, deionized water washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain it.
2. The fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution, the mass concentration of acrylamide is 5-8%; the mass concentration of citric acid is 6-10%.
3. The fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the ramie long fiber to the acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution is 1:15-20.
4. The fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzymatic hydrolysis solution comprises, by weight, 3-7 parts of xylanase, 2-8 parts of protease, 4-10 parts of TG enzyme, and 85-90 parts of deionized water.
5. The fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the ramie long fiber to the wool short fiber is 1:2-4, and 1.2-1.8 kg of enzymatic hydrolysis solution is used for every 100 g of mixed fiber to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction.
6. A method for preparing a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: soaking the ramie long fibers in an acrylamide-citric acid mixed solution while maintaining heat, stirring continuously, washing with deionized water until neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated ramie long fibers; Step 2: preparing an enzymatic solution in proportion, uniformly mixing the pretreated ramie long fiber and the wool short fiber, and then pouring them into the enzymatic solution in proportion, adjusting the pH, and performing an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction under heat preservation conditions. After the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is completed, the enzyme is inactivated, and then the modified wool short fiber-ramie long fiber is obtained after washing with deionized water to neutrality and drying. Step 3: Mix the modified wool staple fiber-ramie long fiber with silk long fiber, bamboo staple fiber, and acrylic long fiber in proportion and weave them into composite fiber yarns, and use the composite fiber yarns as warp and weft yarns to weave composite fabrics.
7. The method for preparing a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, during immersion, the water bath is heated to 80-95° C., refluxed at a constant temperature for 4-7 hours, and stirred at a speed of 80-100 r / min.
8. The method for preparing a fabric based on a composite material of long fibers and short wool fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, the pH is adjusted to 4-6, the temperature is kept at 45-60°C, and the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours.